Electronic Effects:- Inductive Effect.pptx Chemistry Basic
- 1. S.I.C.E.S DEGREE COLLEGE OF ARTS,SCIENCE AND COMMERCE, JAMBHULPHATA,AMBERNATH (WEST) DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY (FYBSC SEM ll INTERNAL EXAMINATION - PRESENTATION)
- 2. NAME :- MS.LAVANYA DHARMENDRA PANDIT. CLASS :- FY.BSC MICROBIOLOGY ROLL NO :- FMI22009 SUBJECT :- CHEMISTRY 1 SUBJECT TEACHER :- DR.SHARAD AWATE TOPIC :- INDUCTIVE & RESONANCE EFFECT
- 3. INDUCTIVE EFFECT INDUCTIVE EFFECT REFERS TO THE PHENOMENON WHEREIN A PERMANENT DIPOLE ARISES IN A GIVEN MOLECULE DUE TO THE UNEQUAL SHARING OF THE BONDING ELECTRONS IN THE MOLECULE.
- 4. Types of Inductive Effect •Negative inductive effect or -I effect •Positive inductive effect +I effect -I Effect (Negative Inductive Effect) When an electronegative atom, such as a halogen, is introduced to a chain of atoms (generally carbon atoms), the resulting unequal sharing of electrons generates a positive charge which is transmitted through the chain. This causes a permanent dipole to arise in the molecule wherein the electronegative atom holds a negative charge and the corresponding effect is called the electron- withdrawing inductive effect, or the -I effect. +I Effect (Positive Inductive Effect) When a chemical species with the tendency to release or donate electrons, such as an alkyl group, is introduced to a carbon chain, the charge is relayed through the chain and this effect is called the Positive Inductive Effect or the +I Effect +I groups (EDG) decrease acidity (or increase basicity) and –I groups(EWG) increase acidity (or decrease basicity) of compounds
- 6. RESONANCE EFFECT (MESOMERIC EFFECT) – THE POLARITY INDUCED IN A MOLECULE BY THE INTERACTION OF A LONE PAIR OF ELECTRONS WITH A PI BOND OR THE INTERACTION OF TWO PI BONDS IN NEARBY ATOMS IS KNOWN AS THE RESONANCE EFFECT.
- 8. Resonance Effect Types Positive resonance effect and negative resonance effect are the two types of resonance effects. • Positive Resonance Effect (+R)- The electrons are transferred away from an atom or substituent group bound to the conjugated system in this process. For example – -OH, -SH, -OR, -SR. • Negative Resonance Effect (-R)- The electrons are transferred towards the atom or substituent group associated with the conjugated system in this effect. For example – -NO2, C=O, -COOH, -C N. ≡
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