The document discusses common elements and challenges of e-learning. It identifies four common elements - text, images, multimedia, and navigation. It notes that while text is important, courses should use it in moderation and combine it with other elements like images and video to engage learners. The document also outlines five major challenges for e-learning - lack of learner motivation, busy learner schedules, assumptions about learner tech skills, beliefs that e-learning lacks support, and inability to see real-world implications. It provides suggestions for addressing each challenge such as making courses interactive, modular, simple to use, and demonstrating practical applications.