Elements of geography basics
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This document provides an overview of key concepts in world regional geography, including the natural environment, human geography, political geography, and economic geography. It discusses the major divisions of the natural environment like oceans and atmosphere. It describes human geography as the study of people and communities across space and place. Political geography examines how political processes influence and are influenced by spatial structures. Economic geography looks at the location and organization of economic activities, including the primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary sectors of the world's economy.
Elements of geography basics
- 1. CONCEPTS IN WORLD REGOINAL GEOGRAPHY - ELEMENTS OF REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY BASICS - NAME: SOFEA ADLIN BINTI MUHAMAD BAHAR
- 2. CONTENT BIL TOPIC SLIDE 1. NATURAL ENVIRONMENT 3 2. THE CONCEPT OFTHE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT 4 3. HUMAN GEOGRAPHIES 5 4. POLITICALGEOGRAPHIES 6 5. ECONOMICGEOGRAPHIES 7 6. TYPE OF ECONOMIC SECTOR 8-9
- 3. NATURAL ENVIRONMENT The natural environment is the set of living and non-living things on Earth which occur in a state substantially not influenced by humans. For instance: Oceans. The major oceanic divisions are defined in part by the continents, and other criteria: these divisions are (starting with the largest) the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean and the Arctic Ocean.
- 4. The concept of the natural environment can be distinguished as components: Complete ecological units that function as natural systems without massive civilized human intervention, including all vegetation, microorganisms, soil, rocks, atmosphere, and natural phenomena that occur within their boundaries and their nature. Universal natural resources and physical phenomena that lack clear-cut boundaries, such as air, water, and climate, as well as energy, radiation, electric charge, and magnetism, not originating from human activity.
- 5. HUMAN GEOGRAPHIES Human geography is the branch of social sciences that deals with the study of people and their communities, cultures, economies and interactions with the environment by studying their relations with and across space and place. Human geography attends to human patterns of social interaction, as well as spatial level inter- dependencies, and how they influence or affect the earth's environment.
- 6. POLITICAL GEOGRAPHIES Political geography is concerned with the study of both the spatially uneven outcomes of political processes and the ways in which political processes are themselves affected by spatial structures. Political geography looks at a huge number of different elements in the relationship between politics and places. Examples include: i. How boundaries between countries, states or counties are made ii. Whether the size of a country affects how powerful it is iii. How the way natural resources are distributed around the world affects trade and war
- 7. ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHIES Economic geography is the study of the location, distribution and spatial organization of economic activities across the world. It represents a traditional sub-field of the discipline of geography. However, many economists have also approached the field in ways more typical of the discipline of economics. Types of world’s economic sector: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary.
- 8. Type of economic sector i.Primary Sector - Involves the extraction of raw materials from the Earth. This extraction results in raw materials and basic foods, such as coal, wood, iron and corn. - The types of workers in this sector include farmers, coal miners and hunters. ii.Secondary Sector - Involves the transformations of raw materials into goods. This transformation results in wood being made into furniture, steel being made into cars or textiles being made into clothes
- 9. iii.Tertiary Sector - Also known as the service sector or the service industry - Service activities include transportation, retailing (cashier) , maintenance iv.Quaternary Sector - Based on knowledge applicable to some business activity that usually involves the provision of services. - Example, service involving complex processing and handling of information: education and research, engineering, IT specialist