Emerging Technology in Practice in the field of architectural practice
- 1. Emerging Technology in Practice Architectural Management Instructor: Dr. Yasser Balila AR 625 (M.Arch) Department of Architecture, faculty Architecture & Planning, King Abdulaziz University. Submitted by : Z H M Monjur Murshed Student id : 2203037
- 2. Emerging technologies in architectural practice refer to innovative tools, techniques, and methodologies that are beginning to be integrated into the field of architecture. These technologies have the potential to significantly impact the way architects design, plan, and construct buildings and collaborate.
- 3. DRIVING FACTORS • The profession tends to be conservative in adopting emerging technologies. • Construction industry alone invests less than 0.5 percent of contract volume in research and development, much less than the average of 3.5 percent across all major industries (Paul Teicholz, 2004) • Reluctance to adopt new tools may be due to their perceived costs and to uncertainty in pinpointing or quantifying the benefits. • Firms may be conservative in adopting new tools. • External driving factors are continuously incentivizing and requiring technology adoption even by resisting firms.
- 4. Driving Factors Government Initiatives International : • The Finland government’s public buildings service, Senaatti, or the Senate Properties, has been requiring building information models in forms of the IFC open standard since 2007. • Norway’s equivalent of Finland’s Senaatti, also has mandated BIM deliverables for all projects since 2010. • Hong Kong Housing Authority is requiring full BIM adoption by 2014–15. • Singapore’s Building and Construction Authority (BCA) will require BIMs on all projects over 20,000 square meters (~200,000 square feet) for permit approval by 2013. • South Korea’s Public Procurement Service is making BIM compulsory for all projects over $50 million and for all public sector projects by 2016. • United Kingdom is mandating BIM deliverables on public projects, requiring collaborative 3D BIM on its projects by 2016.
- 5. Driving Factors Government Initiatives United States : • Several federal agencies have been driving the adoption of BIM through requiring BIM deliverables. • GSA Public Buildings Service – 2003 • Bureau of Overseas Building Operations (OBO) - 2007 • U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) – 2009 • U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) – 2012 • At the state level, Wisconsin is mandating BIM on all projects exceeding $5 million. • Texas has adopted BIM as standard for documentation for all state projects. • New York City’s Department of Design and Construction (DDC) has established BIM guidelines that require BIM on new projects between $15 million and $50 million.
- 6. Driving Factors Integration • The drive for owners and project teams to integrate on both the project and the enterprise levels have provided a more natural platform for technology innovation and implementation. • The full benefit of emerging tools is often realized through multi-stakeholder collaboration at the project scale, which is facilitated by a higher level of collaboration and integration. • On the enterprise level, new technologies have empowered firms to: a) reorganize and optimize their personnel, b) leverage their corporate knowledge, and c) expand their service offerings. • Emerging tools make it easier for one firm to play multiple roles in a project and do so in an efficient and integrated manner.
- 7. Driving Factors Productivity • One of the most important drivers behind BIM’s adoption is its impact on design productivity, through - ▪ increased automation, ▪ higher degree of collaboration, ▪ better accuracy, as well as reduced information loss and ▪ interoperability costs. • Although technology helps increase automation and collaboration, problems with interoperability have had significant impacts on potential productivity gains and cost savings. • The ever-improving state of interoperability is an important driver of technology adoption, as firms require better integration to improve their productivity and continue to collaborate effectively.
- 8. TECHNOLOGY FOR PLANNING AND DESIGN • 3D Imaging and Laser Scanning • Geographic Information Systems (GIS) • Requirement Modeling: The proposed design model can be imported into the validation application where deviations from requirements are automatically identified and reported. • Product Modeling • Electronic Specifications: this sections can be defined and linked to the appropriate model objects early in the design process, and edits to the specifications can be made as requirements change. • Model Checkers • 3D Printing • Optimization: by priority, giving designers an understanding of the trade-offs • between performance objectives.
- 9. CONSTRUCTION • Supply Chain Management: using bar codes or radio frequency identification (RFID) tags to track equipment and materials throughout the job site, increasing the precision and timeliness of supply inventory. • Off-Site Fabrication: BIM-enabled prefabrication and computer numerical controlled (CNC) machining are two processes enabling the shift of construction from the field to controlled, off-site facilities. • Field Mobility: Field management software on portable tablets is bringing BIM technology from the office to the field. Applications allow for mobile access to models and specifications, field report and punch list completion, and comparison of as-built conditions to design models on augmented reality displays.
- 10. OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE • Facility Operations and Management: If a building is equipped with building automation systems (BAS), then certain software tools allow O&M personnel to locate rooms within the model and access their controls to optimize energy performance in real time. . • Life Cycle Planning: Technology assists life cycle assessment (LCA) through the construction of databases containing relevant energy and materials inputs, and environmental releases for products and materials. Having easy access to this data can inform design decisions and model-based analyses, quantifying the environmental impacts.
- 11. COMMUNICATIONS AND CONNECTIVITY • Interactive Displays and Workspaces: Interactive displays with features such as touchscreens, video conferencing, and digital whiteboards are becoming integral tools in design and construction, enabling focused presentations and enhanced collaboration. . • Computer-Assisted Virtual Environment: Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR). • Cloud Computing & Model Server: Cloud computing is facilitating tighter integration between various design disciplines and builders, helping them to share and update models, and generate and send various communications. • Electronic Submissions
- 12. COMMUNICATIONS AND CONNECTIVITY • FIGURE: The BIM and VDC Scorecard Framework, composed of 4 areas, 10 divisions, and over 60 measures. • Performance Dashboards
- 13. CONCLUSION • If the current pace of technology evolution in practice is maintained, architects can and should have an optimistic outlook on the future of technology in practice. Based on the observable trends and the emerging tools described throughout this presentation, one can imagine the impact of technology on practice in the future. • Widespread impacts on the industry as a whole. T H A N K Y O U