Energy efficiency building code
- 1. Presentation On Energy Efficiency Building Code Guided By: Prof. Ankita Parmar Prof. Hemali Jardosh Prepared By: Desai Jhanvi Rakeshbhai (190420717002) PG Center Masters in Environmental (2019-2020) Engineering GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY SARVAJANIK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Dr. R. K. Desai Marg, Athwalines, Surat – 395001 1
- 2. CONTENTS • INTRODUCTION • ENERGY CONSERVATION ACT 2001 • ENERGY CONSERVATION BUILDING CODE • ECBC SCOPE • FEATURES OF ECBC • ECBC IMPLEMENTATION • CASE STUDY • REFERENCES
- 3. INTRODUCTION • In the rapidly growing economy of India, the energy requirements are increasing at a fast pace. The Government of India, at the highest level, is giving top priority to the attainment of nation’s long-term energy security. • Building energy use in India is likely to grow given socio-economic trends. Recognizing a huge potential for energy savings in new construction of commercial buildings, India launched the Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) in 2007. ECBC sets requirements for building elements that impact building energy use. • The U.S. Department of Energy and its Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) have been helping India facilitate ECBC implementation for years and have made significant progress at the national and state levels.
- 4. • ECBC was developed as a first step towards promoting energy efficiency in the building sector. The ECBC is the result of extensive work by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) and its committee of experts. It is written in code- enforceable language and addresses the view of the manufacturing, design and construction communities as an appropriate set of minimum requirements for energy-efficient building design and construction. • The Central Government has powers under the EC Act 2001, the state governments have the flexibility to modify the code to suit local or regional needs and notify them. • The ECBC defines norms of energy performance and takes into consideration the climatic regions of the country where the building is located. The major components of the building which are being addressed through the code are: Envelope (walls, roofs, windows), Lighting system, HVAC System, Water heating and pumping system, Electrical Power System.
- 5. • In the year 2001, the Parliament of India passed an act for efficient use of energy and its conservation termed as ‘Energy Conservation Act 2001. • As an in-built provision of this act the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) was established to meet the following objectives: To exert leadership and provide policy framework and direction to national energy conservation and efficiency efforts and programs. To coordinate energy conservation policies and programs and take it to the stakeholders. To establish systems and procedures to measure, monitor and verify energy efficiency results in individual sectors as well as at a macro level. To leverage multi-lateral and bi-lateral and private sector support in implementation of Energy Conservation Act and efficient use of energy and its conservation programs. To demonstrate delivery of energy efficiency services as mandated in the EC Act through private-public partnerships. To interpret, plan and manage energy conservation programs as envisaged in the Energy Conservation Act. ENERGY CONSERVATION ACT 2001
- 6. Birth of the code
- 7. ENERGY CONSERVATION BUILDING CODE Purpose The purpose of the Energy Conservation Building Code (Code) is to provide minimum requirements for the energy- efficient design and construction of buildings. The Code also provides two additional sets of incremental requirements for buildings to achieve enhanced levels of energy efficiency that go beyond the minimum requirements.
- 9. Key objectives of ECBC 2017 development • Set a long-term vision for building energy efficiency • Include new types of buildings • Focus on design strategies for reducing energy use • Establish a baseline of energy performance and promote buildings that go beyond the code • Ease of compliance and enforcement ECBC 2017 Update Process • Step 1: Forming Steering committee, Technical Committee, & Working Groups • Step 2: Identifying update priorities and vision • Step 3: Finalization of update process, structure, and methodology • Step 4: Finalization of baseline building specification for 16 building prototypes in 5 climatic zones • Step 5: Finalization of Stringency analysis for all building components • Step 6: Consultations Delhi (North), Mumbai (West), Bangalore (South) and Kolkata (East) • Step 7: Development of a draft code addressing all suggestions and comments • Step 8: Submission of draft code to Steering committee and BEE for approval • Step 9: Final ECBC 2017Code prepared
- 10. ECBC: Types and Building covered ECBC applies to any building that is not in the residential, agricultural, and industrial sector. Office building (IT parks) Government buildings Hospitals Retails malls Hotels, etc 10
- 11. ECBC Scope • Mandatory scope covers commercial buildings Connected load in excess of 500KW or Contract demand in excess of 600KVA Recommended for all buildings with conditioned area ˃ 1000m2 • Applies to new construction only • Building components included Building envelope (walls, roofs, windows) Lighting ( Indoor and Outdoor) Heating ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system Service water Heating and Pumping Electrical systems (Power factor, Transformers) 11
- 12. Features of ECBC • ECBC had initially set minimum performance standards of commercial buildings of connected load 500 kW or greater or a contract demand of 600 kVA or greater. Later, the applicability of code was modified to 100 kW connected load and 120 kVA contract demand or greater, for expanding the scope. • The provisions of the code are not applicable to buildings that do not use electricity or fossil fuel and to manufacturing systems and units in a building. code is applicable to five major areas of energy consumption in buildings which are: Building envelope Heating, ventilation and air conditioning Service water heating Lighting Electric power and motors 12
- 13. • The code specifies few mandatory requirements and provides two alternate routes for buildings to comply with it: prescriptive route and the whole building performance route. • In the prescriptive route, the building must comply with all the mandatory measures and prescriptive measures individually. In the prescriptive route of compliance, trade-off between various parts of the building envelope is permitted to provide some flexibility to the designer. • In the second route of whole building performance, a building complies with the code as long as it meets all the mandatory criteria of the code and when the estimated annual energy use of the proposed design estimated by hourly energy simulation tools is less than that of the standard design.
- 14. • BEE with the support from USAID ECO-III Project is working for the implementation of ECBC. An ECBC User Guide was developed which explains all the chapters of ECBC in detail. Tip sheets on different areas such as building envelope, HVAC, lighting, etc. were developed for a better understanding of ECBC. • State designated agencies (SDAs) have been formed in different states in the country for the local implementation of ECBC. • Once ECBC becomes mandatory at either the central or state level, one can assume that the implementation and enforcement approach will be similar to that employed for other, mandatory building codes. The mechanism for enforcing existing mandatory building codes is well-established in India. Municipal authorities review all building designs for compliance with the code. Municipal inspectors must visit all building sites during the construction phase to ensure that construction matches the approved design. ECBC IMPLIMENTATION
- 15. Role of state and other stakeholders Long-term success of the ECBC will depend heavily on the collaborative roles various stakeholders would play towards the development, adoption, implementation, and updating process of building code. These are briefly as under; • BEE: The proposed role for BEE is as a continued facilitator and hub of supporting activities both at the Central and State Level. BEE may have to review its coordination role once the Ministry of Urban Development develops the ‘National Mission on Sustainable Habitat’ and the Mission becomes operational for implementation. • States: Without adoption by the states, the ECBC will continue to be implemented in the government buildings only, and in a small number of additional private buildings through voluntary participation. Extensive state adoption is crucial for spreading wider acceptance of the ECBC in commercial buildings in the private sector. • Design professionals: Architects and engineers will need to be directly involved in efforts to expand knowledge and understanding of ECBC and energy-efficient buildings.
- 16. • Academic institutions: Once architects get involved in professional practice, the time to learn and develop new skills is scarce, clients dictate project costs and time schedules and integrating new approaches becomes difficult. • Technical consultants: Substantial expertise exists in the international energy efficiency field, related to building design, technical requirements, education, policy and program delivery. • Industry: Manufacturers of building materials, lighting, and MEP systems have the technology that can facilitate in designing and constructing energy-efficient buildings.
- 17. CASE STUDY Potential of energy savings through implementation of Energy Conservation Building Code in Jaipur city, India Ankur Tulsyan, Shivraj Dhaka, Jyotirmay Mathur, Jai Vardhan Yadav AIM: • This study aims to understand the growth of different types of commercial buildings (hotels, hospitals, institutes, retail, government offices and private offices) in the city. It also aims to calculate their energy consumption and the potential of energy savings possible now when the ECBC has become mandatory in Rajasthan by Notification from Government of Rajasthan’s Department of Energy. This methodology could also be used to calculate energy savings in any other city in India. 17
- 18. Study area: • The study is focused on the Jaipur city (26.9◦N, 75.8◦E), capital of Rajasthan. Collecting building energy consumption data and calculating growth in the commercial buildings sector- • Electricity consumption data of all the commercial buildings in the Jaipur city was collected for the year 2010 from the Jaipur Vidyut Vitran Nigam Limited (JVVNL), the electricity distribution • company in the city. Then all the buildings which had a connected load of more than or equal to 100 kW were identified. This gave the breakdown of energy consumption by different types of commercial buildings in the city. This ten year data from 2000 to 2010 gave the growth in energy consumption in different types of commercial buildings having a connected load of more than or equal to 100 kW. 18
- 19. Modelling six case studies from the Jaipur city to represent a sample of commercial buildings in the city • Six buildings which included a hospital, a hotel, a retail mall, a government office building, a private office building and an institute building were identified and modelled in energy simulation software eQUEST 3-64. They were calibrated with the help of monthly and yearly electricity bills obtained from the administration/management at the building and State Electricity Board Office. To validate the simulation model mean bias error (MBE) and coefficient of variation root mean square error (CVRMSE) were calculated. These six buildings would represent a sample of all commercial buildings which would come up in future in the city. 19
- 20. Retail mall Private office Hospital Hotel Govt. office Institute Building footprint (m2) 3536 1515 825 1922 2134 9554 Carpet area (m2) 32787 6600 3952 16214 13564 35549 NO. of floors 2b+g+6 G+3 B+G+3 2B+G+6 B+G+4 B+4 Overall WWR 25.35 26.23 23.69 35.43 34.21 17.6 Wall type Mix of glass and ACP cladding on230 mm brick 230 mm brick wall with large windows 230 mm thick brick wall Glass facade and230 mm brick wall Glass facade and230 mm brick wall 230 mm thick brick Wall Roof type 150 mm concrete Roof 150 mm concrete roof 150 mm concrete roof 150 mm concrete with swimming pool in a portion 150 mm concrete roof 150 mm concrete roof Glass type 8 mm clear glass 8 mm blue clear glass 4 mm clear glass 8 mm green film glass 4 mm clear glass 4 mm clear glass Overall LPD(w/sqf) 1.75&0.2 1 1.67 1.3 & 0.1 1.67 1.19 Overall EPD(w/sqf) 1.65 2 & 1.8 0,8 1.2, 0.8, 0.5 2 0.2 HVAC system type VAV (chiller type Electrical hermetic Centrifugal) 2nd floor– VRV, split Air conditioner Window/spli t air conditioners VAV (open electrical centrifugal) CAV system (centrifugal Window/split air Conditioners Building usage (timing) Daytime 09:00–11:00 flow– daytime1st:24 24 h 24 h 12 h 12 h 20 Specifications of the six case studies
- 21. Result • The first part of the study gives a breakdown of electricity consumption by different types of commercial buildings in the Jaipur city. Sector-wise electricity consumption of buildings with connected load above 100 kW, during the year 2009–2010 in Jaipur city. 21
- 22. • The comparison of the simulated energy consumption of the six buildings with their actual energy consumption. MBE and CV (RMSE) of different simulated models can also be seen. All the models are acceptable as the errors are in within permissible limit. It can be seen that the simulated energy consumption in the institute building is having best match. Sector-wise electricity consumption of buildings with connected load above 100 kW, during the year 2009–2010 in Jaipur city. with the actual energy consumption, whereas, hospital building is having worst match and had 19.17% of deviation on the basis of annual energy consumption with 17.94% root mean square error, 19.16% mean bias error. 22
- 23. 23 Building type Simulated annual energy consumption kWh (2010– 2011) Actual energy consumption in kWh (2010–2011) MBE (%) CV(RMSE) Conclusion Retail mall 1,861,600 1,684,564 10.5 9.83 Model is acceptable Private office 2,224,300 1,967,342 13.06 12.22 Model is acceptable Hospital 1,061,800 891,021 19.16 17.94 Model is acceptable Hotel 410,240 365,008 12.39 11.6 Model is acceptable Government office 2,549,200 2,276,323 11.98 11.21 Model is acceptable Institute 3,003,600 2,721,500 10.36 9.7 Model is acceptable MBE and CV (RMSE) of the case studies
- 24. 24 Retail mall Private office Hospital Hotel Govt. office Institute Baseline energy consumption 1861600 2224300 1061800 410240 2549200 3003600 Wall U-value 4.33% 4.70% 2.98% 3.09% 0.54% 0.43% Roof U-value 0.14% 5.11% 0.58% 8.57% 4.22% 0.47% Roof reflectivity 0.05% 3.03% 1.24% 2.96% 3.05% 0.04% Glass U-value 1.62% 0.07% 0.20% 0.04% 0.25% 0.52% Glass SHGC 2.42% 2.22% 5.10% 0.27% 5.32% 0.83% Coefficient of performance 17% 34.25% 11.15% 10.06% 7.42% 4.72% Economizer 1.72% 2.20% 1.12% 1.01% 0.05% 0.02% Envelope total 8.77% 13.35% 15.04% 13.12% 14.22% 1.71% Envelope + lighting 17.63% 15.39% 34.89% 27.31% 26.54% 13% Envelope + lighting+ HVAC (ECBC case) 31.98% 33.03% 42.25% 34.43% 32.11% 17.37% EPI reduction (kWh/m2/y) 67.09 127.61 113.54 100.94 44.07 2 Energy savings through different ECMs in case studies.
- 25. • The final part of the study included extrapolating these savings for all the different types of commercial buildings over a period of five years and calculating energy that could be saved during that period. CONCLUSION: • The energy saving potential with ECBC is in the range of 44 kWh/m2/y in Government buildings as lowest effect, whereas in case of the private office, it is estimated to be 128 kWh/m2/y. • Percentage energy savings with ECBC compliance in these buildings vary from 17% in the case of institutional building to 42% in case of hospitals. • Envelope and HVAC are major concern area in hotel buildings. 25
- 26. REFERENCES • Ankur Tulsyan, Shivraj Dhaka, Jyotirmay Mathur, Jai Vardhan Yadav. Potential of energy savings through implementation of Energy Conservation Building Code in Jaipur city, India. s.l. : Energy and Buildings, 2012. • Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Energy Conservation Building Code . New Delhi, India : Bureau of Energy Efficiency, 2007. • Energy Conservation Buildind Code User Guide. New Delhi, India : Bureau of Energy Efficiency , 2009. • Energy Conservation Building Code of India, Bureau of Energy Efficiency, New Delhi, India. 2017. • Jyotirmay Mathur, Vishal Garg and Vijeta Jangra. Energy Conservation Building Code In India: Status, Issues And Opportunities. s.l. : ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, 2010. • Satish Kumar, Ravi Kapoor, Rajan Rawal, Sanjay Seth and Archana Walia. Developing an Energy Conservation Building Code Implementation Strategy in India. 2010.
- 27. Thank You…