Enhancing the performance of pv cell system

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 03 | Mar -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 63
ENHANCING THE PERFORMANCE OF PV CELL SYSTEM
Milind Jaiswal 1, Akshay Lohkare2, Deshna Dube 3,Prof. Akshay Deshmukh4
1Student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar College of Engineering and Research, Nagpur
4Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar College of Engineering and Research,
Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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Abstract - In this paper, we have designed and fabricated
a setup of PV panel. Solar energy is the most abundant source
of renewable energy. PV panel a is widely used application of
solar energy. It is a well known fact that for efficient
performance of any equipment it needs be maintained wisely.
The same goes for PV panel. The panel is continuouslyexposed
to radiation, due which it operates and functions. But
continuous exposure leads to increase in the normal
temperature of the panel. This rise in temperature is
undesired, and tends to decrease the performance of the
system. Hence to overcome this obstacle it is required to
maintain the temperature of the system. Temperature can be
maintained with the help of cooling. This project intends to
increase the efficiency of the PV panel by using water as a
cooling medium. Water is very commonly used as a coolant in
many areas. The water will help to control overheating of the
panel. A better performance rate can be achieved. The set up
consists of a pump, storage tank, aluminum tray, PV module.
The cooling set up will be placed below the panel such that it
completely covers it. The tray has one inlet and one outlet.
From the inlet cold water will be passed, as the water willflow
below the heated panel it will absorb the heat from the panel
due to which the water will be heated. This heated water will
be flown out from the outlet. The water from the outlet will be
collected in a reservoir from where it can be taken for use.
Further this heated water can be used in domestic
applications. This is how the project helps in cooling as well as
the utilizing the excess heat of PV panel. The cooling
phenomenon will ultimately reduce the surface heat of the PV
panel.
Key Words: PVC panel, pump, storage tank,
aluminium tray.
1.INTRODUCTION
The main objective of the research is to reduce the
excessive heating of PV panel. This can be achieved by
removal of heat from the PV panel. The surface is the
element which faces all the radiations. The intensity of the
radiations vary throughout the day. As a result of which
the panel attains a high temperature. It is found that rise in
temperature leads to improper functioning of the system.
To retrieve maximum output from the system, the
operating temperature must be sustainable for the system.
During studies it is found that PV panel yields the
maximum energy output if cooling is provided at an
allowable temperature of 45o C. In this project water is
the cooling agent. The water flows below the PV module.
The flowing water carries extra heat away and thus the
temperature is maintained. This method is found to be
very effective as there is no complex mechanism in the set
up and makes it very simple in construction. The set up
can be easily achieved. The cooling mechanism aids in
increasing the present efficiency of the PV panel. This
project provides with data analysis of the performance of
the panel with and without cooling. Comparison can be
done. This way of cooling is found to be effective in
controlling the temperature of the module. The water
which cools the panel is also collected and can be used in
some or the other ways, say domestic applications.
2. BLOCK DAIGRAM
3. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
1] PV panel: The PV panel used, traps the radiation from the
Sun and drives the system to function.
2] Water tank: The water tank stores the water whichistobe
supplied for cooling.
3] Pump: Pump delivers water from the tank to the cooling
assembly.
4] Aluminum tray: It has one inlet and one outlet through
which cold water will enter and leave the tray.

5] Storage tank: This tank will store the heated water
which comes out from the tray after cooling the panel.
Fig-1: Front view of the assembly
Fig-2: View of the aluminum tray
4 . CALCULATIONS
Maximum power Pmax 40W
Voltage at max
power
Vmp 20.6V
Current at max
power
Imp 1.7amp
Open circuit
voltage
Voc 22.3V
 Output Power = voltage * current
 Input power = 1000w/m2 * 0.622m * 0.465m
 Efficiency = o/p power / calculated power
 1. O/P Power = V*I = 18.6 * 1.62
= 30.132
Calculated Power = std power rating * area
=1000 * 0.622 * 0.465
= 289.23 W
Efficiency(ƞ) = (30.132 / 289.23) * 100
= 10.41 %
 2. O/P power = 19.1 * 1.57
= 29.987 W
Calculated Power = 289.23 W
Efficiency = 29.987 / 289.23
= 10.36 %
 3. O/P Power = 19.1*1.4
= 26.74 W
Calculated Power = 289.23W
Efficiency = 9.24 %
5. CONCLUSION
The cooling method proposed in this paper is effective. It
helps improve the rate of performance. Control over the
exceeding temperature can be achieved.Theassemblyisvery
simple and hence can be easily set up. A simple but fruitful
way of cooling the PV panel is presented.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are immensely grateful to our guide Prof. Akshay
Deshmukh (Dept. of Mechanical Engineering) for helping us
to solve the difficulties arises during the project work, and
for guiding us in our project work when we required.
REFERENCES
[1] Dubey, S. & Tiwari, G., 2008. Thermal modeling of a
combined system of photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) solar
water heater. Solar Energy .
[2] A. Makki, S. Omer, H. Sabir, Advancements in hybrid
photovoltaic systems for enhanced solar cells
performance, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 41 (No. 0)
(2015) .
[3] S. Dubey, A.A. Tay, Testing of two different types of
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pattern under tropical climatic conditions,
Energy Sustain. Dev. 17 (No. 1) (2013) 1e12.
[4] McCabe J. Optimization of photovoltaic/thermal
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[5] Flat plate solar photovoltaic– thermal (PV/T)
systems (Renewable and Sustainable Energy
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[6] Fabrication, experimental study and testing of a novel
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(http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.12.064) .

[7] Improving Photovoltaic Module Efficiency Using
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(http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/uhte20) .
[8] A sensitivity study of a hybrid photovoltaic/thermal
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[9] A. Makki, S. Omer, H. Sabir, Advancements in hybrid
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Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 41 (No. 0) (2015) .
[10] S. Dubey, A.A. Tay, Testing of two different types of
photovoltaic thermal (PVT) modules with heat flow pattern
under tropical climatic conditions,
Energy Sustain. Dev. 17 (No. 1) (2013) 1e12.
[11] Investigating the performance of a water-based
photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collector in laminar and
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(http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2016.07.004)
[12] McCabe J. Optimization of photovoltaic/thermal
collectors. In: Proceedings of Solar 2004 Conference
(ISEC’04), Portland, OR, USA, ISEC2004-65180.

Enhancing the performance of pv cell system

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