Ergono mics Principles
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This document discusses principles of ergonomics for keeping items easily reachable in a production setting. It provides guidelines such as maintaining a semi-circular reach envelope, designing workspaces for shorter individuals, rearranging and reducing work surface sizes, adding cutouts and swing arms, and tilting surfaces. The document also covers working at proper heights, including designing for elbow height, adjusting heights for individual differences, and considering material and equipment heights.
Ergono mics Principles
- 1. THE PRINCIPLES OF ERGONOMICS
- 2. WAYS ON HOW TO PROVIDE EASY REACHES INSIDE THE PRODUCTION:
- 3. 1. PRODUCTION ISSUE - People uses an Stepstool in reaching an item in some occasions.
- 4. 2. EMPLOYEE WELL-BEING - Long reaches are often underlying reasons why people are working on awkward and contorted posture.
- 5. Principle 3 Keep Everything in Easy Reach
- 6. GENERAL RULE : MAINTAIN THE REACH ENVELOPE - Always bear in your mind that this envelope is semi-circle, not the rectangle typically used in work surfaces
- 7. DESIGN FOR A SHORT PERSON — In general, make sure that shorter-statured people can reach everything.
- 8. RULES FOR WORKSURFACES • REARRANGE— The point behind keeping things in easy reach is not a hard concept to grasp.
- 9. • REDUCE WORK SURFACE SIZE — All too often, the work surface is much bigger than needed.
- 10. •MAKE CUTOUTS — An increasingly common approach is to make a cutout in the work surface.
- 11. •USE SWING ARMS — Another way to bring items closer yet spare workspace is to use swing arms.
- 12. •TILT — When working out of boxes, it’s possible to use tilt tables or stands or even to prop up the box on one end.
- 13. •REMOVE BARRIERS — Many reaches are caused by barriers that can be eliminated or relocated.
- 14. Never Over Reach Or Twist !!
- 15. Principle 4 Work at Proper Heights • There are five categories of height mismatches. Each has its own set of common options of improvement.
- 16. 1. OUT OF REACH FOR EVERYONE
- 18. 2. OPTIMAL INDIVIDUAL HEIGHT • Design for elbow height— Generally, work is best done at about elbow height, whether sitting or standing.
- 19. 2a. CONSIDER THE EXCEPTIONS — The nature of the work also affects the proper height.
- 20. 2B. AVOID EXTREMES — When it isn’t possible to make every height ideal, it may be feasible to avoid the extremes; that is, avoid working below knee level or above shoulder level.
- 21. 3. ADJUSTING FOR INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES — Because people vary in height, good design often involves making height adjustments in work surfaces. There are a variety of ways to do so:
- 22. 3A. CHANGE THE WORK SURFACE — The best approach is to adjust the height of the work surface itself.
- 23. 3B. STAND ON A PLATFORM • — It usually is impossible to raise or lower assembly lines or large pieces of equipment.
- 24. 4. HEIGHTS OF MATERIALS
- 25. 5. HEIGHT RELATIONSHIPS WITH EQUIPMENT