Essay Examples For University

Essay Examples For University
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Essay Examples For University Essay Examples For University

Research Journal Format
The obvious goal of most research work is to reach out to appropriate readers. Therefore, some
important points should be kept in mind before submitting to a journal for acceptance. The first
question to ask yourself is, Do I have a story to tell? Editors and reviewers look for original and
innovative research that adds to their field of study, or immediately impacts patient care. This means
that your conclusions must be sound and based on sufficiently robust data. Secondly, ask yourself, Is
there an audience for my research findings? The more original and innovative your research, the more
people will be interested. Consider whether your research is of interest to a local, regional or
international audience. Identifying your audience ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
SELF TECHNICAL REVIEW
In conducting your self technical review, please consider the guidelines shown as follows:
1. Check the type of your article: / / Review Paper / / Original Paper / / Case Report / / Critical Review
/ / Book Review / / Other
2. The Title of your paper, whether it reflects your content or not, as great title entices the audience to
read on; a poorly titled article may never draw the attention of its target readers.
3. Author/s sequences as it might invite lots of issues, like conflict among authors and others, etc.
4. Structured abstract and keywords whether appropriately arranged or not?
It is essential to arrange the abstract as IMRAD format in a case of original paper, though it may differ
from case presentation and thesis writing, which has already been discussed in the previous chapters.
Selecting appropriate keywords are very much important, as discussed. Keywords are used by
abstracting and indexing services; choosing the right ones can increase the chances of your article
being found by other researchers.
5. The body of the text: Keep the introduction brief, as discussed in the previous chapter. It should
provide context and background, but not be a history lesson. It should state the problem being
investigated, its contextual background, and the reasons for conducting the research. State the
questions you re answering and explain any findings of others that you re challenging or
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Community Service in Secondary Schools
Findings from the Inquiry Process
In completing each method of the inquiry process, new perspectives were brought forth and valuable
information was gathered. The three methods included the media report, the literature review, and the
interview assignment. In all approaches, new voices emerged to discuss the topic of community
service in secondary schools to a specific audience. By completing the media report, I gained insight
on what many people are exposed to when they want to read about community service in secondary
schools. In my report, I focused on two newspaper articles that gave a general overview of high school
students who serve and evaluated the overall tone portrayed by the media. Upon searching for media
sources, I limited myself to only using the perspective of newspapers. While I did find some television
news reports, I decided not to use them because they seemed to be narrow and did not provide enough
information. The literature review provided a more scholarly approach to my research topic. All of the
information used to complete this review came from thorough research of existing studies on
community service in schools. By completing this process, I used coding to analyze ten articles and
group ideas into thoughtful sections of the report. This process took the most amount of time, but
provided me with expert information about my topic. The interview report allowed for the opportunity
to talk with people who are closely related to my topic. For

The Bombing Of The United States
For years people have looked for something to for sure symbolizes safety; or look up to and after
searching they finally found it on January 15, 1943 and that were the Pentagon. The reason is because
the Pentagon was built to be the headquarters of the USA department of defense which makes people
feel safe. Therefore, on September 11, 2001 the most mind blowing attack happen that hit the
Pentagon that left many Americans in grief. This left many Americans puzzled because this couldn t
have been just an easy plan it had to be well planned out. Therefore, we are going to explore the:
history of the building, also the history of the attack plan, deadly strike, rescuers, and how they were
able to cope and push through this tragedy.
Now president Franklin D Roosevelt in 1941 decided where to place the building which was 60 years
before the attack had taken place. SO architects and engineers decided to build the Pentagon as a
pentagonal shape and horizontal rather than vertical projection which saved lives without knowing
they would. The Pentagon has five floors with many different paths like: oncoming airliner, U.S Army
s Resource Service (RSW), and Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the army. The second
floor has the office of the U.S Army Deputy Chief of staff for Personnel (DCSPER). Bow the third
floor has an Army office of Deputy Chief of staff for Operations. The fourth floor has Marine Cops
Office of General Counsel. Finally, the fifth floor had no fatalities at

Conservation Of Endemic Ruminant Livestock And Improve...
In a 6 point scale, the TE rated the project s outcome effectiveness as Satisfactory . The TE only
briefly summarized the project results at the EOP (End of Project) without comparing them with
expected outcomes. In the same scale, this TER will rate the project s outcome as Moderately
Satisfactory based on the evidence presented by the Final PIR (PIR 2014), which shows that some
progress has been made for reaching all of the project targets, but majority of targets were not
achieved 100%. A comparison of the project s achievements against the targets of its indicators is
presented below: (PIR 2014, p.4 53)
The project s Immediate Objectives are:
(i) To conserve the biodiversity of endemic ruminant livestock and improve their productivity (AfDB)
(ii) To establish effective models for community based management of endemic ruminant livestock
and its habitats at project sites, and strengthen production, market, and policy environment in support
of theses breeds (GEF)
There are 7 indicators under the project immediate objectives. By the EOP all of the indicators partly
reached or were on the track for fully reaching their targets.
Indicator 1 was the levels of household food security as measured by a household dietary diversity
score (HDDS). The target was at least 20% increase by project end from baseline levels. The target
was 50% achieved. According to statistics available by the EOP: the level for Gambia declined around
30%; the level for Mali increased 24.3%; the

An Analysis of Representation of Masculinity in Music...
An analysis of representation of masculinity in music magazines, with particular reference to Kerrang
and NME magazine
Representation is the construction and aspects of reality in any medium, especially mass media. It can
be presented in speech, writing, still and moving pictures. For my research investigation I will be
analysing the representation of masculinity in music magazines, and will do this by studying the codes
and conventions that cause the representation of masculinity ion two magazines. These magazines are
the February 2011 edition of Kerrang and the March 2008 edition of NME, separated by three years to
also compare if concepts have changed over the years, I will closely analyse the message these
magazines send out to both ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This large and bold text catches the eye of the audience and will therefore be the first thing that people
will recognise the magazine by. In addition to this, the strap lines, placed variously around the main
image, allow the audience to gain more information about the issue and its content. An example of this
would be Tom Clark VS. Faris Rotter which grabs the audience s attention and the fact that the names
are of two men gains the appeal of men as they can immediately relate to them. By using the word VS
also gives the impression of fighting and violence, which is known to be a very masculine tendency as
it relates to dominance and control, two things men aspire to become. The Marxist concept of
hegemonic masculinity states that the man should have; Physical force and control, occupational
achievement, familial patriarchy, frontiersman ship and heterosexuality .
NME is very powerful and well known in the music industry, especially the indie genre of it, Indie
(independent) guitar rock is a post punk subgenre of independent or alternative rock, featuring mainly
white, male groups playing mainly electric guitars, bass and drums these present what can be seen as
stereotypical characteristics of indie music giving the idea that music is a subject for men.
Kerrang began publications on 7th June 1981, as

Processes that Change Children s Thinking over Time
The following essay will aim to describe what processes, according to Piaget s Cognitive
Developmental theory, change children s thinking over time, as well as the nature of the child s
thinking in each of the four stages of development. It will lastly show how these different stages
influence not only what we teach but also how we teach it. In order to comprehensively describe the
processes the essay will look at the four stages of Piaget s theory namely the sensorimotor stage, the
preoperational stage, the concrete operational stage and the formal operations stage, their individual
characteristics and how a child s cognitive processes develop.
Piaget (1950) as cited in Shaffer and Kipp (2004, pp54) defined intelligence as a basic life process that
helps an organism adapt to their environment. Piaget believed that children construct their own
knowledge from experimenting in their immediate world, and are intrinsically** motivated to learn
for themselves. He provided the explanations they children of different ages and stages think of
different ways and their progression through these stages is systematic and invariant, i.e. children have
to progress through theses stages in the same order (Crain, 1992). Piaget s theory looked the organised
pattern of thought or action a child would construct in order to understand the experiences that they
are involved in; he called these cognitive processes schemes (Crain, 1992). Children go through these
schemes using the thought

Counter Insurgency
Counter insurgency is a perpetual mission throughout the world, especially since terrorists are
endlessly seeking new targets that will accumulate mass casualties. It has been every country s
undertaking to attempt to anticipate threats and carry out precautions to maintain peace. Even in a time
where terror can strike at any moment and in any location in the entire world. Unfortunately for the
United Arab Emirates (UAE), they re located dangerously close to one of the most war ridden places
on Earth right now.
The countries that make up the Middle East has been up for debate but it is roughly positioned
between Northeast Africa and Southwest Asia. UAE at times has been considered a component of that
region and is comprised of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Running water, reliable electricity, medical care opportunities and education are all prevalent in the
metropolitan cities. There are universities, super highways, public transportation systems, shopping
malls, digital information networks and a proficient emergency response force. It is not outlandish like
in the United States, for school children to have cell phones. Also, everyone in in UAE has
complimentary health care, child care, and surgical treatment. UAE is also one of the more secure
places in the Middle East because most of the hostilities are to the north, across the gulf. It is also
arduous for insurgency to initiate and flourish because of how established the district is. There are also
rural regions that persist in UAE but they are not poverty stricken villages. The government has
distributed equal affluence to both rural and urban areas.
With all this exponential development comes the funds required to subsidize it. UAE possesses
approximately 10% of the world s petroleum and natural gas reserves. Which makes trading with
UAE a necessity since the world uses around 85 million barrels of oil each day. Dubai utilizes an
international airport for exporting but additionally uses the ports in the Persian Gulf. This is a potential
hazard because hostilities within the gulf could eradicate the commerce exchange routes. Even with
perilousness,

The British House Of Lords Select Committee On Medical Ethics
There are different euthanasia laws in each country. The British House of Lords Select Committee on
Medical Ethics defines euthanasia as a deliberate intervention undertaken with the express intention of
ending a life, to relieve intractable suffering
On November 2, 2014, a twenty nine year old woman named Brittany Maynard choose to end her life
by lethal medication. Less than a year prior, she was diagnosed with a terminal glioblastoma brain
cancer, giving her only months left to live. She moved from her home in California to Oregon,
because Oregon has a law permitting physicians to supply patients with the means to take their own
life. Right before her death she released a statement saying: Today is the day I have chosen to pass
away with dignity in the face of my terminal illness, this terrible brain cancer has taken so much from
me...but would have taken so much more (Egan). The circumstances of her death has caused a lot of
controversy. Many believe that Maynard s choice has demeaned human the value of human life; others
have supported her decisions to end her life on her own terms. The reality of Maynard s situation is
that, in the end stages of her disease, she would be afflicted with violent seizures and hallucinations
(Glioblastoma). She would have eventually lose the ability to control basic bodily functions. Was she
wrong to choose to end her life before her disease brought unbearable suffering? Is there such a thing
as have a right to die ? If so, how do

Perception Of Blind And Fair Justice
Despite the appealing notion of blind and fair justice, many question the existence of this ideal in
reality and rightly so. Many of the challenges to law s claim of impartiality concern the influence of
social characteristics such as race or sex when they should be irrelevant. Marc Galanter introduces a
more structural argument, related to the frequency with which one litigates, bringing disputes before a
court. Galanter claims that those who regularly engage in similar litigation, whom he labels repeat
players (RPs) have multiple advantages over one shotters (OSs), who rarely enter the forum of law,
where courts interpret and apply official rules to settle disputes, in their ability to achieve desired legal
outcomes. The fact that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Though not all repeat players are necessarily society s haves some of the residents of the urban
neighborhood studied by Sally Engle Merry are examples of exceptions in American society, most are.
One often thinks of haves and have nots in terms of material differences, but where Galanter adds the
most value to the discussion of inequality is his explanation of the more dynamic advantages that
come from more frequent legal engagement and which continually reinforce this inequality.
Part of Galanter s project in identifying the mechanism behind systematic biases in the courts is his
desire to prescribe potential avenues for reform. It is not only important to recognize that the haves
come out ahead but also why they do. Though he does discuss tangible differences in resources,
including access to specialized knowledge, those factors alone can miss the less tangible benefits that
certain parties enjoy. For example, due to their ongoing contact with the court, RPs uniquely have the
opportunity to become more embedded in the community of legal actors and build social capital
through these informal relationships. Though Eisenstein, Flemming, and Nardulli specifically study
county criminal courts in their study, their observations of the unique cultures of court communities
can extend to the forum of law more broadly. They note that membership in such a community allows
for trust to be established and credit to be built.
In the

Arguments For Bilingual Education
Over the years, bilingual education has involved teaching children academics in two different
languages so they may become competent learners and be successful at acquiring English. Before
1968, bilingual education was not a required course in American schools, but instead as a voluntary
program. This changed in 1981 when a lawsuit was brought against the state of Texas that resulted in
the requirement of bilingual education programs in elementary schools as English as a second
language (ESL) program, bilingual programs in post elementary grades through eighth grade, and ESL
programs in high school. This type of education has been a hot topic for the state governments of the
United States, debating whether to keep in the curriculum of schools. Many asking themselves, why
should we to provide bilingual education for these students? What will students gain from this type of
education? Studies have shown there are benefits that range from cognitive ability, educational
advancement, to employment opportunities with a bilingual education, while the critics label it as a
failed experiment that costed a whole lot of money and years to maintain a basic foundation in the
second language. Although the cost is hefty for this exploration of a new language and is time
consuming, the cognitive abilities, educational advancement, and employment opportunities greatly
outweigh these opposing factors.
One of the biggest opposing factors against bilingual education has been money,

My Hero s Day-Personal Narrative
I held on to the back of James s black jacket. I d watched him iron creases into it, and although I d
offered to take over, he d insisted on doing it himself.
My eyes scanned the sunlit grave yard. So many people had turned up to say goodbye to Clyde, there
were a lot of faces I didn t recognise. It was easier to look at them.
I glanced at Heidi. The puffy red of her eyes told me she d been crying for a while, probably all night,
maybe even every night since he d died. Morven could barely stand. She was held up by Heather and
Liss and the constant painful frown on her face made me glance away.
I looked up at James. He stared straight ahead, out at the trees. His face was perfectly still and serious.
I could see how hard he tried to hold it together for everyone, but the bloodshot lines that surrounded
the blue of his eyes, told me he had cried just as much. He turned his face to look at me and I smiled
just a little, to reassure him I was here, I would always be here.
Tag stood in the distance between the headstones, facing the floor with his hands clasped together. I
knew this was hard for him, too. The memories of his own family must have come flooding back.
Today, the vicar said, we bid farewell to our dear friend Clyde. Father, husband, courageous ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Her pain was too painful.
I glanced up at James again and his chin was trembling. For a moment, I stared up at him, wishing I
could do something to make it better.
His breath came in a gasp and his lips tightened, then he spoke.
Goodbye, Dad, he whispered.
And then his body crumpled, the way I knew he so badly didn t want it to. He sagged to the ground,
hunched over, and I immediately knelt beside him. He lifted his hand to cover his face; he didn t want
them to see. I pulled him in, holding his face to my chest.
His grief was private and I had to shield him from the crowd. That was all I could do, because I couldn
t do the one thing I really wished I

Analysis Of The Movie I Marry A Millionaire, Marilyn...
In How to Marry a Millionaire, Marilyn Monroe, Lauren Bacall and Betty Grable play three young,
posh models who live together in a luxurious New York City apartment. The girls have but one
mission: marry a wealthy man no matter how old, boring, or ugly he may be. The film possesses a
certain comedic quality similar to that of the Three Stooges. Shatze Page, the central character played
by Lauren Bacall, appears to be the brains of the trio while the two other women are portrayed as dim
witted blondes who are simply following along with a scheme concocted by the seemingly ever stern
brunette. In fact, throughout the film the women are depicted as weak, simple, and generally inferior
to the men that they pursue. Their absolute goal in life is to impress men. They had no desire to
advance their careers or further their education, they simply wanted to marry a wealthy man and spend
their remaining days living in ignorant luxury. This could reflect the fact that many women were not
working at the time of production, most attended to the home and children full time. In 1953, only
25% of women in the country were working. Pola Debevoise, the character played by Marilyn
Monroe, requires glasses to see. She describes herself as blind as a bat without them. Yet, she spends a
large amount of the film bumping into walls and speaking to inanimate objects because she refuses to
wear them around men. The harsh censorship of the 1950s is glaringly apparent when states, men aren
t

Value Of Dual Citizenship
In order to fully understand the meaning and value of dual citizenship, Mrs. Alessandra Dal Cengio
Leonardi, a dual national of Italy and U.S.A, was interviewed. The scholarly readings and research on
the topic of dual citizenship were beneficial in learning the legal obligations of the system but the
interview revealed a true and realistic view of the process and its life changing consequences. Answers
to the interview questions were paraphrased and recorded as a story in the following pages.
(What is your citizenship of birth and what were the steps to acquire your citizenship?)
Alessandra was born in Italy by Italian parents, and therefore had only an Italian citizenship at birth.
After marrying an Italian man and having a daughter, Alessandra ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
She found it exciting to be asked to be part of a jury, since that was not offered in Italy. Serving on a
jury was a great experience and allowed Alessandra the ability to contribute to improving the society.
In addition, the Family law is a bit different between the two countries. It was important to double
check to make sure that she was respecting both directives for everything she did with her children
when they were minors, especially if they travelled. For example, Italy will not issue a passport to a
parent of a minor unless the spouse signs a consent form. It seems a bit drastic but it is done to protect
children s rights so a parent that is supposed to pay child support does not leave the country in

Gordon S. Wood s The Radicalism Of The American Revolution
Gordon S. Wood, in The Radicalism of the American Revolution, explicitly details the societal,
economic, and governmental institutions of Colonial American society, and considers the era to be pre
modern because of its strong focus on monarchy, hierarchy, and patriarchy. The colonial world in
America was traditional in its basic social relationships and in its cultural society. (Wood 11). Wood
even suggests that, in some respects colonial society was more traditional than that of the mother
country (12). With the concept of the traditionalism of the colonial world, Wood declares the era to be
pre modern. Pre modernism can be defined as the era before industrialization, which radically altered
the social contract within families and between ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A father s control over his family and household could compare to the reign of a king over his nation,
the head of the household remained a kind of miniature king ... [to whom] respect and subjection were
due (49). The father would rule his dependents by no other law than by his own free will (49). `
dependent on the institution of family; family remained the primary institution for teaching the young,
disciplining the wayward, and caring for the poor and insane (44). Colonists thought of society as little
more than a collection of family households in which dependents relied fully on their master (the
patriarch) for housing, food, and clothing. Children depended on their father well into adulthood. For
example, fathers would determine the suitors fit to marry their daughters and would decide how
inheritance would be distributed to their descendants. English laws of inheritance called for
primogeniture, meaning the transfer of all land to the eldest son. Primogeniture was common practice
and, alongside other responsibilities of the household patriarch, helped to assure the continuation of
the status quo of the families wealth and status within

Mandatory Wolf In France
A man can be a beast. Deceptive eyes, a threatening grin, the capability to commit monstrous acts;
man and beast sound alike. This fine line that exists between fact and fiction is how legends thrive and
conquer the truth.
From 1764 to 1767 a series of vicious attacks plagued the population of Gévaudan, France, instilling
fear in many of its inhabitants. Numerous people were killed or severely injured, some reports stating
hundreds of victims, which sparked myths and stories that spread throughout France. The beast
blamed for these attacks was described as having a blood red coat, large teeth, and was said to be
twice the size of any normal wolf. Hunters at the time used special bullets and guns because stories
claimed that mundane weapons ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1858 the first literary reference to the beast was published by Élie Berthet in his book titled La Bête
du Gévaudan, which explores the beast by depicting it as a man who believes himself to be a werewolf
(Berthet 314). A vital piece of information is the fact that the people of Gévaudan were so unwilling to
see the story from an analytical standpoint, and admit that the killer might have been a person. The
population of France accepted a large, wolf like creature over the concept of turning on another human
being. Unity was valued by these people, whatever conflicts were going on between the upper and
lower classes, or the protestants and the Catholics, the majority valued

The Crucible Tone
The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, revolves around the Salem witch trials of the 15th century. Much of
what precedes the play portion of the novel is dedicated to establishing the background of the novel.
This passage, in specific, sets the tone of the novel as it describes the ideology of the witch hunts, and
how they came into effect. The passage summarizes the fundamental ideas of the witch hunts as a
paradox stating, The witch hunt was a perverse manifestation of the panic which set among the classes
when the balance began to turn toward greater individual freedom (Miller 11). These words are an
important part of the novel because it lays out a groundwork which the rest of the ideas and concepts
that are brought up in the novel will build themselves upon. Simply put, it sets the tone for the rest of
the novel. It describes the fears that the characters have, and what conflicts they will undergo. For
instance, signs of mob mentality can be gleamed from the passage. This can be seen when it says,
balance has yet to be struck between order and freedom (Miller 11).

The Between Westminster And Brussels
Nowadays, legislation of both Westminster and Brussels has become the main source of the law for
the UK. Moreover, United Kingdom has its own law, which is called English legal system equally
Brussels has a major role within the UK as it part of the predominant source for the UK. Therefore,
this paper will firstly examine and give brief description of the legislative power. Then, it will define
the legislative powers of both Westminster and Brussels and their roles. Consequently, it will explain
the important roles and show how these roles are played by the English courts and the European courts
of justice (ECJ). Also, it will show how Brussels enforce compliance with treaty provisions and
explain how European Union citizens approach the European courts of justice.
Since United Kingdom joined to the European Union it has gradually and effectively passed its power
of making law that have an impact to the European institutions. Also, United Kingdom s legislative,
executive and judicial powers are controlled by the framework of the European Community (Slapper
and Kelly, 2010 p.65). The legislation is considered as the primary sources of English law and made
by the Parliament. Also, Parliament it is a supreme law making body and can make law or reject and
amend legislation. However, by the United Kingdom s membership of the EU per EC Act 1972 the
Parliament s power of creating law has been limited (Vollans and Asquith, 2011). In addition,
legislative powers is the power of

Business Ethics And Corporate Social Responsibility
Nowadays, a business wants to exist and grow in a society, which business ethics and corporate social
responsibility are sensitive and crucial objectives, the business should do what is right. Many people
agree that business does not exist beyond society, it is a citizenship in the society. Therefore, business
has to have many certain obligations and social responsibility. It generally means business have to do
something good for the community, making social contribution, and using effectively resources in a
way that next generations can continue to use them. Especially, business managers should pay
attention not only their companies financial aspects, but also their social and environmental
contributions. In the past, TideeKleen used to be a famous company in its fields, with strong
reputation for social and environment responsibility. Unfortunately, the company hit temporarily
financial and reputational issues. Standing among three tough choices, the company should make
decision which satisfies all parties related, helping the company overcome the issue, and bringing the
most benefits for the company about financial and reputational aspects. Firstly, what do utilitarian
comment about three options? Let s consider option A, TK could benefit from avoiding legally its
responsibility and expenses, increasing in stock price. Furthermore, its stock owners would pass over
financially issues. However, the option A harms its creditors, older worker, contaminated site, and the

Rock Fitness Center Executive Summary
The Rock Fitness Center has decided to introduce new programs to appeal to a wider audience,
particularly the Baby Boomers. Our goal is for everyone to be active. Therefore, we have chosen to
offer these new programs, aerobics and strength training, as an incentive for people to want to begin or
continue to exercise. Many people are becoming less active with modern day technology, but we hope
to counteract that trend with our new programs. Particularly, we chose to implement these programs
for the Baby Boomers. It is important to have programs for this age group because people ages 55 and
older are the fastest growing health club membership group having increased 411 percent since 1990
(Milbrand 2009). Furthermore, it is important to introduce new programs to appeal to the baby boomer
audience to benefit the gym and the clients.
Aerobics
The first exercise program is aerobics. This program will include water aerobics, step aerobics, Zumba
Gold, and cardio. Each day of the week will be a different aerobics class. On Monday, we will have
the cardio class. On Tuesday, we will have the Zumba Gold class (a milder version of Zumba). On
Thursday, we will have ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Moreover, exercise is essential to maintaining a healthy lifestyle. As people age, it is becomes harder
to stay healthy and strong. As Davis (2007) includes in the IDEA Fitness Journal, Nearly half of adults
between the ages of 50 and 64 live with at least one chronic condition, such as arthritis, hypertension,
diabetes or heart disease, all of which can be improved through exercise (IHRSA 2004). Therefore,
this aerobics program will be very beneficial to the client s health. Movement is necessary in living a
long healthy life, and that is what this program is all about. Physical health can add to one s mental
health as well. When one is comfortable in his or her own body, he or she will be more likely to be
comfortable in every other aspect of his or her

Public Distribution System Of India
I Introduction
Distribution is a crucial function of marketing. It provides a vital link between the producers and
customers by making available goods and services. The distribution system encompasses all
movements starting from the shipment of raw materials to the delivery of the finished products to the
customers. The distribution system undertaken by the Government is termed as Public Distribution
System .
Acc. to The Economic Times the Definition: Public distribution system is a government sponsored
chain of shops entrusted with the work of distributing basic food and non food commodities to the
needy sections of the society at very cheap prices.
II Public Distribution System in India
It is important to note that public distribution system has been the topic of debates in India for long. In
India Public Distribution System is 75 years old. Though it was started as a rationing system during
the War time scarcity situation, it has grown into being the largest system of organized food grain
distribution in the world this day. Availability of food grains is essential and of prime concern but not
passable condition to make sure food security to the poor people. In addition to food availability, it is
necessary that food accessibility is also ensured to the poor households. This can be done either by
raising the level of incomes of these poor households or by providing them food grains at subsidized
prices. Public Distribution System (PDS) is a way to ensure availability

Fallibility is Human and Necessary for Change Essay
There is not a single person who has avoided being wrong throughout his or her entire life, or maybe
even day. But also, nobody, or at least very few, accept fallibility as tolerable. Throughout history,
there have been people who refuse to be wrong, and it often has lead to despondency. Although
everyone wants to be right, fallibility is a necessary step to avoiding harm and improving the world.
Nobody wants to be wrong. It is associated with shame, stupidity, ignorance, indolence,
psychopathology, and moral degeneracy (Schulz). Also, as people, we revel in other s wrongness as
much as we do our own accuracy, which has created an environment in which being wrong is
unnerving to the point of a possible, legitimate fear. But not only is ... Show more content on
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From this, he deduced that those who had the highest reputation were nearly the most deficient, while
those who were thought to be inferior were more knowledgeable (Plato 25). Now, to achieve this
society in which being wrong is accepted would require man to graciously accept the bespoken of one
s wrongs by another. This should occur naturally, because as Socrates recognizes, someone pointing
out somebody s wrong is the equivalent to that person saving him or her. On the contrary, a wrong
may not be wrong merely due to someone saying that such is the case. Often, something will be
viewed as wrong for being different from what is standard. Aside from all of this, Socrates believed in
highlighting justness rather than ever focusing on being right or being wrong. Knowing that wisdom
and being right are worthless is the somewhat paradoxical product of wisdom. Being right should not
be glorifying.
*Insert Caesar Paragraph* Julius Caesar refused collaboration due to his belief in his infallibility, and
it led to his murder. Caesar wanted to run Rome by himself. He drove Marcus Bibulus, his fellow
consul, to desperation due to acting with full power of the consulship. He ignored the suggestions of
others regardless of their boldness. He acted alone as though he would never be wrong and didn t trust
others to that same standard he held of himself. Due to his

How Can A Country Be Regarded As Developed Or Underdeveloped
Table of content
1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. How can a country be regarded as developed or underdeveloped
4. Definitions of currency
5. exchange rate theory determination
6. Stability of a currency
7. How is stability achieved and why is it an utmost important for countries to sustain
8. How did the developed countries managed to have achieved strong and stable currency and why are
the developing countries failing to achieve that.
9. Merits and demerits of a country having strong currency, and advantages and disadvantages of a
country having a weaker currency
10. Empirical evidence
11. conclusion
Abstract
This paper analyzes the facts behind how developed countries are able to achieve strong currencies
through the exchange rate mechanisms as well as fiscal and monetary policies to ensure stability of the
currency. It shows how the exchange rate is affected through several factors such as inflation rate,
interest rate, current account and etcetera.
On the other hand it analyzes how developing countries rather have weak and very unstable currency
given the methods above.
Introduction
In most of the cases developed countries (e.g Norway, England, united kingdom, Switzerland,
etcetera) tend to have a very strong currencies relative to the under developed or developing countries
(e.g Mozambique, Rwanda, Angola, and etcetera) and also have a good currency stabilization, this
essay shall explain why that is the case.
To have a good understanding of currency volatility

Headgear Inc
18 2 Full Versus Variable Costing and Ethical Issues
HeadGear, Inc is a small manufacturer of headphones for use in commercial and personal applications.
The HeadGear headphones are known for their outstanding sound quality and light weight, which
makes them highly desirable especially in the commercial market for telemarketing firms and similar
communication applications, despite the relatively high price. Although demand has grown steadily,
profits have grown much more slowly, and John Hurley, the CEO, suspects productivity is falling, and
costs are rising out of hand. John is concerned that the decline in profit growth will affect the stock
price of the company and inhibit the firm s efforts to raise new investment capital, which will ... Show
No, the COO is not due a bonus. The reason the profits seem higher under absorption costing is that
there are substantial fixed costs of the period that were capitalized because production was so much
higher than sales. The fixed costs is trapped on the balance sheet and will be expensed when the items
are sold. See reconciliation in Excel for a visual on this.
4. Identify and explain any important ethical issues you see in this case.
In determining the fixed costs per unit for the period for absorption costing (not needed for variable
costing since the entire fixed cost is expensed as a cost of the month, not a cost of units), you spread
the fixed costs across all the units made. Since production was increased substantially, the fixed cost
per unit was reduced:
Fixed manufacturing cost per unit: at 140,000 units $ 13.71 at 175,000 units $ 10.97
This gives the illusion of lower cost of goods sold (and thus higher profits) but it is, in fact, just a
temporary capitalizing of the fixed manufacturing costs due to inventory build up.
While building inventories does trap fixed costs on the balance sheet, pressuring managers to improve
profits gives them an incentive to build inventories to spread the fixed costs thinner and make COGS
smaller per unit. This is not ethical. Building inventories in order to improve a profit computation is
not profession or ethical but the pressure to perform

Case Study Of Aditya Birla
The Aditya Birla Group is an Indian multinational conglomerate named after Aditya Vikram Birla,
headquartered in the Aditya Birla centre in Worli, Mumbai, India. It operates in 40 countries with
more than 1.2lakh employess worldwide. The group was founded by Seth Narayan Birla in 1857. The
group interests in sectors such as viscose stable fibre, metals, cement, viscose filament yarn, branded
apparel, carbonblack, chemicals, fertilizers, insulators, financialservices, telecom, BPO and IT
services. Industry Conglomerate Founded 1857 Founder Ghanshyam Das Birla Area World wide
Revenue US $ 40 billion Employess 1,33,000 Headquarters Mumbai , India Vision: To be an
conglomerate globally with a clear focus on each business it has. Mission: To deliver superior value to
the customer , shareholder , employee and the society at the large. Goal: Work where that is ... Show
They represent best opportunities for expansion. Cash Cows Low growth high market share SBUs or
products. They generate cash and have low costs. They are established , successful and need less
investment to maintain their market share. In the long run, when the growth rate slows down, stars
becomes cash cows. Question Marks Low market share business in high growth markets. Question
marks if left unattended, are capable of becoming cash traps. As growth rate is high, increasing the
investments should be relatively easier. Firms have to initiate action to convert Question Marks into
stars and then into cash cows when the growth rate reduces. Dogs low growth They may generate
enough cash to maintain themselves, but do not have much future. Sometimes they need cash to
survive. Dogs should be minimized by means of divestment or liquidation. BCG Matrix can be
represented

Stereotypes Of Western Media
ISLAM
(THROUGH THE EYES OF WESTERN MEDIA)
By
Jasmine Bhangoo
The worldwide Islamic revival of the 1970s and the 11 September 2001 attacks on the United States
have prompted many to predict that the two cultures are on a major collision course. Islam is the
fastest growing religion in the
West. Nevertheless, the West has many stereotypes and misconceptions about Islam that are due to the
media, prejudice, and ignorance. Islam is often looked upon as a
extremist , terrorist , or fundamental religion. Many people hate Islam and do not want to
acknowledge its true teachings. In many cases, the media s reports about Islam are incorrect due to
ignorance. This is one of the reasons why the West often hates Islam. ... Show more content on
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The true images of Muslims, Islam, and Arabs are never taken into account and that is where the
prejudice, hate, and discrimination originate. The positive stories are nowhere to be found about the
Middle East region. The
American public sees violence, war, and poverty associated with the Middle
East region. Others might associate all Arabs as being rich because there is oil in the Middle East.
People lump in all Muslims and all Arabs as all being the same but this is usually not done to other
people, to other cultures, or to other religions. Most Americans don t know that the country with the
largest population of Muslims is not in the Middle East; it is
Indonesia, which is not a Middle Eastern country. Arabs only account for 18% of the Muslim
population across the world.
Adding to the fact that the media creates inaccurate ideas about Islam, the
Western media is also very influential to its audiences in making negative
Islamic stereotypes, such as the assertion that all Muslims are fundamentalists. The term
fundamentalist is actually a term that is interpreted by the media. A fundamentalist, in fact, only
represents a normal Muslim who follows his or her religion. Fundamentalism means an attitude, an
effort, or a movement that an ideology, group, or religion tries to promote in its fundamental

Virginia Woolf s To The Lighthouse Essay
She was not inventing; she was only trying to smooth out something she had been given years ago
folded up; something she had seen. For in the rough and tumble of daily life, with all those children
about, all those visitors, one had constantly a sense of repetition of one thing falling where another had
fallen, and so setting up an echo which chimed in the air and made it full of vibrations. (199)
What causes that crumpling? What makes the accumulated images fold up over the years? How can
one smooth out the folds? These are the pivotal questions raised in the above passage, which captures
the central exploration in Virginia Woolf s To the Lighthouse. Change and chaos create folds in Lily s
life. She clings ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ramsay, the model hostess. Lily even feels like she is soaking up some of Mrs. Ramsay s glory a
collective, feminine splendor just by being in her presence. On the other hand, Lily harbors an
aversion for Mrs. Ramsay. For instance, this reproof surfaces during the dinner party, when Lily
observes that Mrs. Ramsay led her victims...to the altar (Woolf 101). Although both contradictory
impulses are strong, her criticism of Mrs. Ramsay gains intensity in the novel s end. Consequently,
Lily s wrestle with Mrs. Ramsay s invisible presence makes the two becomes antagonists (Andre par.
12).
A general sense of chaos also creases Lily s life. Andre notes that the Greek word khaos denotes an
abyss, which is related to chasm (par. 3). This chasm, or distance, is the source of Lily s conflict,
because Woolf associates it with change. When Mr. Ramsay sets out to the lighthouse, for example,
Lily relates the distance with change: Already the little distance they had sailed had put them far from
it and given it the changed look, the composed look, of something receding in which one has no
longer any part (Woolf 166). Lily s awareness of the chaos deepens it; she is aware of the disorder
around her and the complexity of her responses to that disorder (Gorsky 103). Her concerted effort to
respond, to discern some pattern in existence, and, if necessary...to impose a sense of order on the
constant flux of daily life

College Education Is No Longer Valuable
Many people believe that getting a college education is no longer valuable. They believe that with the
internet at their fingertips there is no need for a college education, but college education provides
more than just information for their students. College is about independence and learning how to take
charge of his or her life. It is an opportunity for students to learn about their future career. Students
learn about intriguing subjects, how to make lifelong friends, and how to spend valuable time with
people outside of his or her social circle. Students have the rest of their lives to go to work every day,
but college gives them a chance to make connections, build networks, and get to know new people
who have a different life experiences. Many people believe that the time and cost of a college
education no longer outweighs the benefits; however, acquiring a college degree gives students an
opportunity to find their dream job and to earn more money in the future. Before entering the
workplace, students should take advantage of the opportunities that acquiring a college degree will
provide. One opportunity is that college allows students to learn what career they like and dislike
before they enter the labor force. College is a time to explore a major that will continue to appeal to
the student throughout his or her life. Many students are unsure of their career path after graduating
from high school. College provides students with a stepping stone to experience

Dbq Treaty Of Versailles
Many factors contribute to a group of people failing to accomplish a goal, but the stubbornness of
participants often is a leading cause. The Senate s failure to ratify the Treaty of Versailles in 1919
shows this idea, due to the feud between President Woodrow Wilson and the Internationalists, and
Henry Cabot Lodge and the Reservationists. The Internationalists fully supported the passing of the
Treaty of Versailles, whereas the Reservationists believed it was necessary to change the Treaty,
specifically Article Ten. Similarly, Borah and the Irreconcilables believed that the League of Nations
was in conflict with one of the ideals the nation was founded on; to not engage in foreign
entanglements. As Senator William Borah, put it, the League ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The Republicans resisted the Treaty because they believed that if it were to be ratified, Wilson s
prestige would soar and he might even be re elected for a third time (Bailey, 184). Thus, the
Republican Party was against the Treaty of Versailles in its original form out of fear. Wilson fully
believed that the Treaty was going to bring world peace, and regardless of this belief, the Republican
Party voted against it because of who came up with it. Wilson fought greatly for it and said that if the
Treaty failed that he would gather all the soldiers who fought in World War One and tell them I told
you before you went across the seas that this was a war against wars and I did my best to fulfill the
promise, but I am obliged to come to you in mortifications and shame and say I have not been able to
fulfill the promise, (Wilson). Wilson was willing to take blame for the hypothetical failure of the
Treaty of Versailles and the Republicans still voted against it because they did not want Wilson s
popularity to go up. Wilson believed so strongly in Article Ten that he believed that the League of
Nations would justify the United States honor and bring peace to the world (Wilson). The belief that
the Republican Party did not ratify the Treaty because they did not want to risk another Wilson
presidency is absurd. This idea perpetuates the idea that if one person, in a position of power, strongly
believes in something, then it must good. One can apply this idea to how strongly Wilson believed in
the Treaty of Versailles, yet it was not enough to convince the Senate that the League of Nations
Collective Security Covenant was a good idea. It was not the Republican Party s fear of a third term of
Wilson that caused the death of the Treaty, but Wilson himself. The belief that if

A Modest Proposal By Johnathan Swift
Does Johnathan Swift actually believe cannibalism will help the economy? Besides the obvious health
concerns about cannibalism, Johnathan Swift does make some odd but questionably thought out
points, however there is evidence to prove that Swift is only being satirical. This evidence can be seen
in Swift s past, where he has offered real solutions to Ireland s economic problems, only to be ignored.
In a frustrated attempt to get attention, he came up with the the famous A Modest Proposal , where he
detailed a disgraceful way to increase profits. Satire can also be shown here where he refers to women
as breeders, and compares the poor to animals. Finally, a satirical quality that is the most adherent is
the small dry jokes that he makes.
Firstly, in spite of how it may appear, Johnathan Swift is not a mad man who believes cannibalism will
fix the economy s problems. As stated before, Swift had made multiple attempts to garner attention to
his proposals, but to no avail. He s even made pamphlets in the past describing ways to help the
economy. These pamphlets also detailed his disdain for England, but nonetheless, he tried. Throughout
the proposal, he expresses his anger towards Ireland s colonial rule under England, in hopes of getting
at least one of his points across. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He jokes that people should fatten their babies up, before selling them to buyers. He calls women
breeders , in a joking fashion. Swift as well jokes that they should be dressed , when they are sold for
a higher price. He also says that they should be sold at a expensive

The Power Struggles in Jury of Her Peers and Mama Come...
The Power Struggles in Jury of Her Peers and Mama Come Home
The issue of dominance and subordinance is addressed in the short stories A Jury of her Peers by
Susan Glaspell and Mama Come Home by James Tiptree, Jr. In the stories the subordinates are
harmed by the dominants, but the subordinates overcome the suppression to triumph in the end. The
groups with the power control the laws and the positions of the weaker group.
To begin with, A Jury of her Peers is about the way women in 1917 were treated by men. The main
women characters are Minnie Wright, Mrs. Peters, and Mrs. Hale. The women in the story are
confined to their homes; rarely getting to go to town or visit with their friends. The women did not
have many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The men also think all the housework the women do and the things they worry about are trifles. The
women receive no credit for their work. Dirty towels! Not much of a housekeeper, would you say,
ladies? (Glaspell 264) The women become depressed and lonely.
The subordinates are harmed both physically and emotionally in the story Mama Come Home. The
giant women overpower the smaller men. They beat the men and rape them. The giant women use the
men as sex slaves. They see the men as inferior and only good for sex. The men are physically harmed
because they are bruised and beaten by the Capellans. The standing one had my neck in a vise at arm s
length, and when I worked the standard finger bend she laughed like a deep bell and casually twisted
up my arm until things broke. (Tiptree 69) They are emotionally damaged because they are taken
advantage of. Anyone that is raped becomes torn up inside.
In the story Jury of her Peers, the women are thought of as inferior. The men treat the women like they
are not able to do the same things as the men. But would the women know a clue if they did come
upon it? (Glaspell 266) The women have feminine intuition. They know the pain from isolation that
Minnie was going through and know what clues to look for. Again, for one brief moment, the two
women s eyes found one another. (Glaspell 280) The men underestimate that the women can think on
this level.
The dominants in the story Mama Comes

Money as a Motivator
Some people argue that money is a main motivator through business and job opportunity, but is not
always completely true as there are others factors to considers such as working conditions,
environment and the peoples we work with. This essay discuss the arguments that are both for and
against money being the key motivator in Singapore.
In most organisation, money is often seen as a prime motivator for employee in the government and
corporate sectors. It empowers them to perform better and contribute to the organisation objective
goals and productivity, however, following the shifting of economic conditions and social values,
people s desire is dramatically changing. Most employee may feel that they are affected by internal
and external ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The productivity or added value of the unit is the ultimate output measure and this is a fair reflection
of a employee s ability to gain results through people.
The best people to judge how effectively a leader is leading are the followers, hence the strong
emphasis on behavioural assessments, based on capability frameworks and 360º feedback. The
resulting summary of perceptions is also an output measure of leadership effectiveness, since the style
and behaviour of leaders will affect morale and motivation. Good systems of feedback will give more
than a mere evaluation, but through open comments offer examples that enable individuals to relate to
the reality of how they are seen.
Conditions to maximise motivation
To determine how much an employee motivated in the organisation culture and working environment,
a simple survey can be an effective tool for measuring the factors between organisation and employee
s understanding.
1.Do I know what is expected of me at work?
2.Do I have the materials and equipment I need to do my work right?
3.At work, do I have the opportunity to do what I do best every day?
4.In the last seven days have I received recognition or praise for good work? 5.Does my supervisor, or
someone at work, seem to care about me as person? 6.Is there someone at work who encourages my
development?
7.At work, do my opinions count?
8.Does the mission/purpose of my company make me feel that my work is important?
9.Are my co workers committed to doing

A Primary Source Of The West Indies By Henry Nelson Coleridge
The document I chose to analyze as a primary source is Six Months in The West Indies by Henry
Nelson Coleridge. This is a small journal published in 1825 that follows Henry N. Coleridge s trips
around the West Indies with his uncle, William Hart Coleridge who is a bishop of Barbados. While on
his trip throughout the isles, Coleridge not only comments on the local governments and ecosystems
but the treatment of slaves and the institution of slavery as well. His viewpoints are in no way
abolitionist, but he does appear to have a vein of sympathy for slaves of the West Indies. Many of his
viewpoints are on how society and slave owners in the West Indies could better the lives of their
slaves, none of them abolition, but for instance he suggests that one of the most effectual ways for
bettering the slaves would be thorough and humanizing education of the masters themselves (p.54).
While this argument, I feel, is not uncommon of a well educated, English, relative of a high ranking
religious official during this time period, I find it interesting to compare Coleridge s accounts of
slavery throughout the West Indies with that of an actual slave, Mary Prince, in the same region. Mary
Prince was a slave in the Caribbean, who was bought and sold to multiple owners, on multiple isles,
eventually gaining her freedom in Britain in 1828. This secondary source, The History of Mary Prince,
was transcribed by Suzanna Strickland and edited by the abolitionist who took her in, Thomas Pringle

Suicide In Virgil Essay
In her Marlowe s Virgil: Dido Queen of Carthage, Roma Gill argues that Marlowe changed the
character of Dido into a more sound character by making the suicide scene in which Dido has a
soliloquy more heroic. She says that Dido becomes more resourceful and proud after the storm scenes
after which she disappears from the plot for a while. It is, thus, disappointing for Gill to see Dido burn
the relics of Aeneas, which constitutes an unnecessary melodrama according to Gill. What Gill calls a
melodrama appears to me as an act to monumentalize both Aeneas and Dido s love for him. To me,
Dido herself regards her death as a monument that will spread Aeneas fame in the way that Dido
wants him to be known, that is, not as a brave soldier he has come to be known as, but as a ruthless
lover who has devastated a devoted queen.
Suicide is an act during which you have the fullest activeness and after which you fall to complete
passivity. Thus, through her suicide, Dido falls from being a subject to being an object. Then, as she
exercises her fullest potential as a subject, Dido creates two objects: one is the object of herself as a
dead queen, and the other is the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He points out the fact that the papers from Aeneas were never mentioned in the Aeneid and thus must
be an appropriation of Marlowe s. Yet, Marlowe continues the scene with some direct borrowings
from Virgil not only in content but also in language. The very last words of Dido, the last act of her
being a full subject, are directly taken from the past, which again emphasizes that Marlowe kills the
future along with the past. Too accentuate it even further, Marlowe makes Iarbus and Anna join the
suicide of Dido and ends the story exactly there, leaving no future within the text

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