The document discusses the social construction of deviance and crime, emphasizing that deviance is not an inherent trait but a social label influenced by societal norms and reactions. It examines various sociological theories, including interactionism, conflict theory, and functionalism, highlighting how societal structures shape perceptions of deviance and the role of power dynamics. Additionally, it addresses the relationship between mental illness and deviant behavior, illustrating that definitions of deviance are context-dependent and evolve with cultural shifts.