Evolution in a nutshell
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This document summarizes key concepts of evolution including Lamarck's theory of acquired traits versus Darwin's theory of natural selection and survival of the fittest. It also discusses evidence that supports common ancestry, such as embryology, similar macromolecules, vestigial structures, biogeography, and homologous/analogous structures. Finally, it outlines different types of evolution like divergent, convergent, and phyletic and explains scientific classification from kingdom to species.
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Evolution in a nutshell
- 1. Evolution in a Nutshell Key Terms And Concepts
- 2. Darwin vs. Lamarck • Lamarck’s Theory of Evolution = traits are acquired through habit/experience • Darwin’s Theory of Evolution = descent with modification due to Natural Selection – those organisms with beneficial traits survive, reproduce and pass on trait. • Both Theories = common ancestors.
- 4. Evidence for Common Ancestors • Embryology – development of embryo reflects ancestors. Ex. Human embryo has gills, ancestor was fish. • Macromolecules – the more similar the more closely related. Must have similar genes/DNA. • Vestigial Structures – feature once useful to ancestor, no longer useful to current organism • Biogeography – distribution of orgs and fossils. • Homologous and Analogous structures -
- 5. Embryology
- 8. Biogeography
- 12. Types of Evolution Divergent Convergent Phyletic
- 14. Convergent Evolution –Similar characteristics, similar environment.
- 16. Phyletic
- 17. Coevolution
- 18. Classification • Kingdom, Phyllum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. • All “known” organisms have been classified. • Kingdom is largest category, Species is smallest. • Scientific name is Genus species. • Homo sapiens = human • The more categories in common the more closely related two organisms are.