Expert System to Determine the Priority Scale of Case in Laboratory of Forensic Using Forward Chaining and Backward Chaining Methods Rule Based

International Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering (IJIRAE) ISSN: 2349-2163
Issue 03, Volume 4 (March 2017) www.ijirae.com
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IJIRAE: Impact Factor Value – SJIF: Innospace, Morocco (2016): 3.916 | PIF: 2.469 | Jour Info: 4.085 |
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Expert System to Determine the Priority Scale of Case in
Laboratory of Forensic Using Forward Chaining and
Backward Chaining Methods Rule Based
Setiawan Widiyanto a)
, Bayu Surarsob
), Oky Dwi Nurhayati c
)
Master of Information Systems, Diponegoro University, Indonesia a)
Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Indonesia b)
Departement of Computer Engineering, Diponegoro University, Indonesia c)
Abstract— To know finished priority scale of case in Laboratory of Forensic, in this thesis we developed an expert
system with forward and backward chaining methods rule based, used some criteria of case. Priority scale of case is
done to sort data and determine the stage of case, which will be used, for examination. This process needs an
evaluation in a number on aspect in accordance with the criteria and characteristics of the case. The capabilities of
this system accommodates input data cases which user needs, priority scale and stages according to the standard
operating procedure in Indonesian National Police especially in Laboratory of Forensic branch in Semarang and
gives the visual picture like groove determining of the priority scale also the best solution from the several alternatives
used forward and backward chaining methods rule based. The result showed a good and ideal decision for solved case
by quickly recommendation and main priority of case with the result of compatibility level was 100%.
Keywords : Expert System , Forward Chaining, Backward Chaining, Rule Based
I. INTRODUCTION
Every state has a law enforcement agency with the task force sub scientific disclosure. Labfor is part of the Police who
served as a support in the resolution of civil and criminal cases. In the field of law, civil and criminal court completion
has grooves for settling disputes and the time limit of detention. The deadline for completion cannot be determined due to
the extension of the detention time; the result is hard to predict when the docket will be completed. In the police are
responsible for checks in support of the investigation and the investigation of criminal offenses referred to Labfor.
Expert System involving criminal expert opinion is applied to facilitate the judicial process to determine the punishment,
which received a suspect who commits an offense to women [8]. The results of the study were able to provide the output
of the system in the form of severe penalty imposed. The weakness at the end of the assessment process is carried out
again by another expert assessment. Rule Based System (RBS) as the basis for the development of Expert System can be
used to overcome these problems, with forward chaining a tracking method that starts from the fact that there is to
produce a goal or draw conclusions. This method is particularly useful for monitoring the process in which the facts
supporting the existing monitored to produce a conclusion [1].
While Rule Based with backward chaining a tracking method that starts from the expectations or objectives and then try
to find evidence or facts that support the hypothesis [1]. This method is particularly useful for the process of giving
feedback or suggestions should be made to meet an expectation or goal. Research on the application of Expert System
(ES) that is used to solve other problems. Research that has been done by using an expert system rule-based, showed
significant increases in the decision making process as an expert system for diagnosing pests, symptoms and diseases [2],
[3],[6], [11] and [12]. Based implementation of the rules (Rule Based) have also been used in various areas to assist the
process control and process monitoring [9], [4], [5], [7], [8], [9], [14], [10] and [15]. In the case of setting priorities,
monitoring the process are needed. This process should be carried out because it can facilitate the leadership of the
working unit monitoring the ongoing business processes to fit the purpose. Thus, the Expert System to determine case
priorities using the Forward and Backward Chaining Chaining-based rules capable of providing simplicity in monitoring
the completion and setting priorities based on the priority level cases that have been assigned to improve the performance
of the completion effectively and efficiently in the Police.

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II. EXPERT SYSTEM (ES)
An expert system is a model and procedures relating, in a particular domain, which can be compared with the level of
expertise the expertise of an expert. According to Durkin, the expert system is a computer program designed to model
problem-solving ability is what an expert. Some intervals later, that the expert system is a computer system that could
match or mimic the ability of an expert.Architecture experts, composed of two main parts, namely the development
environment (development environment) and environmental consultancy (consultation environment) [16]. The expert
system development environment is used to enter into the rule base expert expert system environment, while the
consulting environment used by non-expert users to obtain expert knowledge. The components of the expert system is
divided into two parts and was found in Figure 1 as follows:
Fig 1. Architecture Expert System
In the implementation the knowledge base gained from the knowledge of experts and rules on the Police.
2.1 METHOD OF FORWARD CHAINING
Fig 2. Forward Chaining
Forward chaining is a data-driven approach (data-driven) that is tracking that starts from the facts that there is to be
matched at the IF or IF-THEN rules to produce a goal.
2.2 METHOD OF BACKWARD CHAINING
Fig 3. Backward Chaining

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Tracking backward (backward chaining) is driven approach goal (goal driven) that is tracking that starts from the goal,
then sought rules that have the purpose to conclusions. Furthermore, the tracking process using the premise of the rule as
a new destination and looking for another rule with a new purpose as a conclusion.
III. METHOD
The data in this study using secondary data, the number of case with many type of examination cases are cases that have
been tested with kriminalistic science in Forensic Laboratory in Semarang that have been reported on a monthly basis in
Jateng ranks of the regional police and the regional police special region of Yogyakarta 2015.The data processing in this
study conducted process using method 2 as the combination of forward and backward chaining method in which to
forward method is used to determine the priority of the case, while backward is used to view the scale of the case have
been examined.
Stages groove case investigation using forward and backward chaining method in this study are as follows:
1. Enter the data docket in accordance with the facts,
2. incoming data will be processed in the inference engine, where in it has grown 16 rule of experts of 5 Subbid in
forensic laboratories,
3. The next results of the process can be seen cases examined included in level 1 to 6.
Fig. 4 Flowchart priority cases using Forward and Backward Chaining
IV. RESULT
Civil and criminal law is the rule of law regarding the violations and crimes that affect the social aspect. To impose a
sentence that previously required a series of processes for settling disputes, therefore the required priority for settling
disputes. As shown in Figure 4. With the above basic as forensic experts consisting of experts in each field Sub Division
(Kasubbid Balmetfor, Kasubbid Dokupalfor, Kasubbid Narkobafor, Kasubbid Kimbiofor and Kasubbid Fiskomfor)
divides the completion into 6 levels of completion (for a maximum of 3 days of drug cases and for cases other than drugs
up to 28 days if more than 28 days, the case rises as a priority case. as for the facts that make the priority scale in Table 1.
TABLE 1. CRITERIA PRIORITY SCALE
Based on Table 1, the criteria of priorities is the result of interviews that have been documented in the form of a letter of
5 experts, namely; Kimbiofor Subbid experts, experts Subbid Narkobafor, experts Subbid Dokupalfor, Subbid Balmetfor
and Subbid Fiskomfor.
This study uses 16 rules in determining the level of priority cases. The results of the study there was no failure in the
reading system. method forward chaining and backward chaining capable of being used in the implementation of Expert
Systems to determine the priority of the case, as the result of system testing. In the system that has been created to show
the performance of systems running properly so that it can be concluded that the performance of the system has been
successfully created in accordance with the expected. Results by means of simulation on the process of implementation
of the Expert System with the system. In Table 2, there are 6 cases in January from a total of 12 cases have different
treatment according to experts in the handling of his case, adapted to the level of 1 to 6.
CASE
INQUIRIES AND
INVESTIGATIONS
POLICE
INVESTIGATION
REPORT

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TABLE 2. TABLE SUMMARY OF THE CASE TESTED
From the results of the implementation of the system found that the level of conformity of 6 cases tested in accordance
with the results of the output system has 6 levels that matter.
TABLE 3. TABLE CONFORMITY WITH THE RESULTS OF THE EXPERT SYSTEM
From the analysis of the results of the expert and testing of the system output with inputs 6 cases with six different levels
of conformity results obtained 100%.
V. CONCLUSIONS
Expert system with methods forward chaining and backward chaining are implementing 16 rules and 6 facts with 8
conditions as well as 6-level scale of priorities using a suspect's age, occupation of victims, work actors, time frames the
scene and attention as the basis for priority cases to the object Forensic laboratory Semarang branch have compatibility
100% and able to provide information cases that fall into six levels of priority examination is based on the rules which
have been installed in the system that can be used as a reference to a certain level and also outputs information produced
is capable of providing status information priorities periodically and periodic case to raise the completion level of case
were targeted so that it can be used for monitoring the completion of case.
REFERENCES
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Learning and Computing, 5(2), 106-113.

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[4] Eshete, A. B., 2009., Integrated Case Based and Rule Based Reasoning for Decision Support, Norwegian University
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Expert System to Determine the Priority Scale of Case in Laboratory of Forensic Using Forward Chaining and Backward Chaining Methods Rule Based

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Expert System to Determine the Priority Scale of Case in Laboratory of Forensic Using Forward Chaining and Backward Chaining Methods Rule Based