Expertise Networks
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This document discusses frameworks for sharing knowledge within and between organizations by mapping expertise networks. It defines expertise networks as the social, technical, and organizational connections between experts and novices that facilitate problem solving, decision making, and innovation. Mapping these networks can help locate experts, share tacit knowledge, and optimize an organization's intellectual assets. The document also reviews various approaches to expertise management and discusses opportunities to examine expertise networking in healthcare settings to improve interprofessional collaboration.
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Expertise Networks
- 1. A Framework for Intra, Inter and Global Knowledge Sharing in Organizations Toronto Knowledge Workers Joel Alleyne – January 28, 2009
- 2. Adjunct Instructor (UT) iSchool Medicine (HPME) KMDI Practitioner in Residence PhD Candidate Consultant Manager Entrepreneur (was) CKO / CIO – large law firm Action Researcher
- 3. “ The economic problem of society … is not merely a problem of how to allocate ‘given’ resources – if ‘given’ is taken to mean given to a single mind … It is rather a problem of how to secure the best use of resources known to any of the members of society … a problem of the utilization of knowledge which is not given to anyone in its totality.” Hayek, The Use of Knowledge in Society, American Economic Review , No 35 (September, 1945) pp. 1 - 18
- 4. Expertise researchers can be found across a number of interrelated disciplines, e.g.: Cognitive science and psychology (Sternberg & Grigorenko, 2003), Education (Bereiter & Scardamalia, 1993) and Sociology (Evans, 2008)
- 5. Expertise researchers can be found across a number of interrelated disciplines, e.g.: Philosophy (Selinger & Crease, 2006) Medicine (Groopman, 2007) Management (Stephenson, 2006)
- 6. Expertise networks are the social, technical, and organizational networks that connect experts with novices and other experts. A type of analysis (lens) that uses social networks that model the distribution of expertise in a domain and make explicit the level of expertise of the actors with respect to that domain Novice(s) Expert(s) Intermediate(s)
- 7. Expertise Networking is central to and supportive of Knowledge Management
- 8. Effective problem-solving Sound decision-making Team collaboration Competitiveness Growing Complexity Market differentiation Innovation in products and services Coordination
- 9. Core to the business Pervasive A “lens” for examining the enterprise and also intra-enterprise opportunities
- 11. Better understanding of expertise networks will facilitate: Identifying and locating experts and expertise The sharing of knowledge, wisdom, and experience. Access to hidden or tacit knowledge resources. The improved networking of a firm’s intellectual (and human) capital assets. An important channel for the acquisition, sharing, trading and distribution of knowledge
- 12. Also … leads to optimization When optimized – should pay dividends for an organization Goes beyond general repository-based approaches to knowledge management
- 13. Expertise Management (Kotlarsky, Oshri, & Fenema, 2008) Expertise Sharing (Ackerman, Pipek, & Wulf, 2002) Expertise Location (Ackerman & McDonald, 1998) (References are examples only)
- 14. Expertise Communities / Communities of Experts (Benton & Giovagnoli, 2006; Hakkarainen & European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction., 2004) Expert Directories / Yellow Pages (Collinson & Parcell, 2001) (References are examples only)
- 15. Connected Intelligence (De Kerckhove & Rowland, 1998); Distributed Mind (Fisher & Fisher, 1998); Collective Intelligence (Levy, 1997) Epistemic Communities (Haas, 1992) (References are examples only)
- 16. Advice Networks (Stephenson, 2006) Automated discovery of expertise (search vendors and Mitre.org) Knowledge Network/ing (Allee, 2003; Skyrme, 1999) Talent Networks / Talent Management (Bryan & Joyce, 2007); (Cappelli, 2008) (References are examples only)
- 17. Expertise mapping Expertise markets Expertise recognition Expertise continuity Expertise utilization Expertise optimization Expertise networking
- 18. Expertise conduits Expertise recommenders Expertise development Expertise in context Expertise exchange (ask an expert) Expertise discovery Expertise profiling
- 19. British Petroleum Hill and Knowlton Morrison & Foerster IBM – Beehive IBM – Small Blue
- 20. Borden Ladner Gervais LLP Health Care – Inter-Professional Care School Board Utility Co – Central America Cubeless (Sabre)
- 21. Initiatives in several jurisdictions Goal: to optimize the use of health human capital (expertise) Effective, efficient, economical Reduce fragmentation and lower costs (Retchin, 2008)
- 22. Several (overlapping) terms used in the health care literature Inter-professional Collaborative Interdisciplinary, Trans-disciplinary Multidisciplinary, Multi-professional Coordinated Transprofessional
- 23. This appears to be fertile ground for the examination of expertise networking Experts in IPE/IPC cross disciplinary boundaries Removing / transcending traditional cultural and organizational barriers appear to be a challenge
- 24. Within the IPC Expertise network Knowledge practices, knowledge sharing, knowledge transfer, knowledge translation (from research to practice) Collaboration, coordination and communication
- 25. Informatics Support Shared record keeping – the electronic record (necessary but not sufficient) E-learning, e-cases Social / Knowledge Media Modeling and simulation / case based – virtual worlds? Gaming? Directories
- 26. Research will focus on IPC / IPE (clinical settings) Examine existing knowledge practices Examine (case) attempts to change behaviours and processes in a care setting
- 27. Develop understanding of the expertise networks and how they function in this setting Further develop (inform and expand) theory of expertise networking based upon experiences Opportunities (domains) Long term care Primary care
- 28. A system for locating experts in the organization ( expert locator ) A network of our internal experts ( expert network ) A directory to experts ( expert directory )
- 29. A system that enable one to search for internal expertise ( expertise search system ) A system that allows us to discover capabilities existing in ( expert discovery ) A system that allows users to ask questions and to receive answers from experts within your organization ( question and answer exchange )
- 30. A system that facilitates collaboration between experts and non-experts ( expert collaboration ) A system that hosts a community of internal experts ( expert community ) A system that allows experts to share their knowledge ( expert knowledge-sharing )
- 31. A virtual marketplace system that allows experts to swap and trade what they know in response to the demand for knowledge and their ability to supply expertise ( expert marketplace ) A system that facilitates the profiling of experts capabilities ( expertise profiling )
- 32. Technology that allows the visual mapping of expertise connections ( expertise mapping ) – e.g. using social network analysis Knowledge Mapping, and other techniques.
- 33. A system that acts as a pointer to expert know-how ( who knows what ) A system that tracks skills and capabilities and therefore can support future workforce planning. ( “workforce value chain” )
- 34. Your input is valued Looking for Ideas Points References Cases [email_address] [email_address]