Meta-Analysis Sample

Meta-Analysis Sample
Synthesis of the Research
A solid school vision statement and its accompanying goals should reflect the culture of a school
and provide for improvement in the school's instructional program, and professional development to
improve student learning (ELCC 2). The meta–analysis work of Marzano, Waters and McNulty
(2005) discovered the importance of each of these dimensions in relationship to school principals
and the successful school environment. Furthermore, principals' skill in each of these dimensions
has demonstrated a positive correlation to student achievement (Marzano et al.).
With regard to culture, the role of the principal has been found to have a direct impact on the culture
of the school (Marzano et al., 2005). The principal is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By utilizing well researched and comprehensive frameworks, such as Danielson's I would focus on
the intent of the evaluations as a learning activity, engaging teachers in self– reflective discussions
and the opportunity to create their own goals for professional development. Of course, I realize that
there would be instances where people would need more guidance or structure, but I feel that the
nature of the Danielson framework allows for a principal to design a relevant professional
development plan as
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Behavior Analyst Certification Board ( Bacb )
Introduction Behavior analysts are one of many helping professions that exist in the world. One may
ask what exactly is a helping profession? Not surprisingly, a helping profession is exactly what it
says it is. It is a profession that nurtures the well–being of others. Doctors, psychologists, dentists,
teachers, and nurses are other helping professions. It is not easy to work in a helping profession. If
you are one of those helping professionals, you are expected to provide effective services for anyone
with whom you work. The question then becomes how can you make sure that you are providing
effective treatment. So what is it that makes behavior analysts and behavior analysis as a field
unique and effective? How does another ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They then take the information gleaned from the observations and assessments and form their
treatment plans. The ongoing collection of data is what drives behavior analysts' decisions when it
comes to making changes to the plan they have created. This guideline also includes the expectation
that, when presenting information for publication or at a conference, behavior analysts present
information with the highest degree of integrity (Bailey & Burch, 2011). This integrity is established
by the use of the scientific knowledge that the behavior analyst has gained in their training.
Scientific evidence serves another purpose in behavior analysis. It guides the decision in the types of
treatment procedures that are selected for implementation. According to Van Houten, et al. (1988), a
behavior analyst has an obligation to only use methods that have been scientifically proven to be
effective. This fact is key because one of the rights a client has is the right to the most effective
treatments available. When the behavior analyst is able to combine the use of the scientific data and
the use of scientifically proven effective treatments, they are able to accomplish the goal that they
should start with for each client. A behavior analyst has been most effective in helping their clients
when they are able to withdrawal themselves from the clients life altogether (Skinner, 1978).
Another ethical guideline for behavior analysts is that they will pursue

Ethics And Management : Ethical Considerations By...
Abstract. The article reviewed was Ethically Related Judgments by Observers of Earnings
Management. The abstract emphasizes that the earning management is the major ethical issues in
accounting. Regulators and investors examine professional judgment through legal books (p. 285).
Introduction. The author studies accounting methods, earnings management, and financial reporting
to examine the ethicalness of judgments. Management's ethics play a key role in earnings
management activities and financial reporting. The researcher questions if the accounting profession
and businesses build the line of tolerable and prohibited earnings management practices (pp. 285 –
286). The main objective of research is to examine ethically related judgments through earning
management activities. Management plays different ethical roles to achieve expectations. The author
raises concern on changes in ethical concepts when management has personal interest in company
earnings. The study is important because it investigates the role of management and stakeholders in
earnings management processes, and situations, under which the judgement becomes more
favorable (pp. 286 –287). The author considers two problems: 1) unethical accounting activities lead
to fraud, and 2) complexity of ethical decisions due to personal gain.
Literature Review. The author uses a systematic review of literature in the research. The researcher
examines studies of Bruns and Merchant (1990), Fischer and Rosenzweig (1995), and

The Field Of Applied Behavioral Science
The field of Applied Behavioral Science's future will be greatly affected by contemporary issues that
involve the creation of the Association of Professional Behavior Analysts (APBA), board
certification limitations, and the Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB).
First it is important to examine the effects that the APBA will have on ABS' future. The creation of
the APBA will have many negative affects on the field of behavioral analysis as a whole. Many
behavior analysts believe that the Association for Behavior Analysis International (ABAI), which is
comprised mainly of individuals whom have a primarily scholarly interest, is not as supportive of
behavior analysts who participate dominantly in practice. This idea that the ABAI ... Show more
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The author, Thomas S Critchfield (2011) believes that scientists and practioners should be held
separate, however I believe that this will further damage our unity under the same field, Applied
Behavior Analysis. Critchfields basis for this is that both are both professions, but are different
professions, science and practice, with different concerns and therefore should be kept separate in
order for each to succeed in their own way. It is to my knowledge that both must coexist to better
understand the issues that ABS typically faces.
According to Bales (2012) Chritchfield's ideas deem to be a misguided idea. Bales stated that while
the two professions may be different it is important to remember that there are individuals who
engage in both science and practice. It is impossible to say that these two parts are so separate from
each other that they need to flourish in different environments. This could cause translational
research to become nonexistent and lead use back to simple basic research and research that is for
the sole purpose of helping the people with no care taken to flourish the field. This would lead to a
field that may make discoveries but that may not be able to translate those ideas to benefit the lives
of the people. If this deems to be the case, then why call our science "Applied" at all?
Next, the licensure of ABS must be addressed. ABS is

Effective E-Portfolio Analysis
Introduction
An effective e–portfolio should present higher order thinking, through the display of accumulated
works, which themselves include reflective statements and personal experiences (Morton, 2012).
Pelliccione and Raison (2009) state that e–portfolio components should include learning objectives,
and provide a retrospective review of learning to transform future practices. Throughout the
capstone course at Arizona State, I have created an e–portfolio to facilitate the ability to analyze and
synthesize learning in the format suggested earlier by Morton (2012) and Pelliccione and Raison
(2009).
Professional Background
In 2011, I received my Bachelors Degree from Arizona State in General and Special Education and
began teaching as a special ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The artifact can be viewed at this link:
In my Practicum setting (SPE 580), I participated in high levels of ongoing collaboration with
colleagues to develop and implement a behavior change plan for a student in my classroom.
Trend 4– Leadership and Ethical Practice Standard 5 Standard 6
The final trend was related to Leadership and Ethical, represented by CEC Standards 5 and 6. The
narratives can be located on the following links:
This trend was identified of importance as it represents professional responsibilities. During course
SPE 541 (Consultation Frameworks and Issues), the selected artifact was a group project discussing
fidelity.
In SPE 536 (Characteristics of Children with Behavior Disorder) the completed artifact represented
a compare and contrast research paper on the social and communication needs of students with
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders and Autism Spectrum Disorders. This project was
rationalized as part of ethical responsibilities, to implement strategies with students with
exceptionalities, which promote their success in the school setting. The product can be viewed with
the link

Transcultural Nursing Theory Paper
Madeleine M. Leininger "found that care is deeply embedded in peoples' worldviews, social
structures, and values, thus, making it an elusive phenomenon that is challenging to study"
(McFarland et al, 2012); but nursing profession needs to be culturally competent in order to provide
holistic care which are extremely important in nursing education and practice for successful patient
outcomes. This lead her to discover the transcultural nursing theory which "derived from the
disciplines of anthropology and nursing," where the focus of the theory is to "comparative study and
analysis of diverse culture and subcultures in the world with respect to their caring values,
expressions, health–illness beliefs, and patterns of behavior" (Alligood, 2014,

Psychology And Its Effect On A Person 's Actions
Psychology has revealed how the learning perspective is concerned with the environment and
experiences leading to effects on a person's actions. Within this perspective, behaviorists focus on
the environmental rewards and punishers that maintain or discourage specific behaviors. B.F.
Skinner once stated, I am sometimes asked, 'Do you think of yourself as you think of the organisms
you study?' The answer is yes. So far as I know, my behavior at any given moment has been nothing
more than the product of my genetic endowment, my personal history, and the current setting.
(Skinner, 1983). In the average college classroom, behaviorism effects students' way of learning in
that their behavior is shaped by either positive or negative reinforcement.
According to Peter Boghossian, in the traditional behaviorist model, learners undergo some form of
conditioning. The ultimate goal of conditioning is to create a behavioral result. In an academic
venue, changing behavior is more difficult to measure than in other contexts, like a karate class,
where there are observable physical behaviors that result from physical stimuli. For example, in the
hypothetical karate class, if students do not form straight lines they are punched in the shoulder
(stimuli), after a few people get out of line, and get punched, the line becomes noticeably straighter
(behavioral response). However, in an academic context, behaviorists substitute verbal behavior
(e.g. responding appropriately to a question) for

Analysis : Becoming An Applied Behavior Analysis Specialist
Becoming an Applied Behavior Analysis Specialist Becoming an Applied Behavior Analysis
Specialist Applied behavioral analysts study and work at modifying behavioral disorders. The
techniques––which are supported by clinical studies––are effective for treating many disorders
including autism spectrum disorder and other developmental issues. The work includes researching
therapeutic techniques to improve behavior, observing the relationships between environment and
behavior trends. There are marketing and functional applications in many industries that include
prison management and private enterprise, but you'll probably work in hospitals, private practices,
social service, clinics, labs, and educational institutions after earning advanced ... Show more
[3] Behavioral analysis can be used in many kinds of treatments including those used to stop
smoking, increasing worker efficiency, fostering safer driving practices and quitting drugs and
alcohol. Most often the therapies are used to treat children with developmental disabilities or to
develop better relationships between children and their parents. What is the connection between
ABA and autism? Although ABA can be used to treat many kinds of behavioral disorders, it is most
commonly used in the treatment of autistic disorders, conditions that result in difficulties
communicating and developing personal relationships. Autistic people have difficulty with using
language, recognizing nonverbal signals and developing social skills. Treating the condition requires
specialized training, and the behavioral therapy approach has most often produced evidence–based
successes. [4] What types of careers can an applied behaviorist pursue? There are many potential
career paths for social behaviorists, and these include clinical specialists, clinical analysts and Board
Certified Behavior Analysts (BCBAs). Other jobs include counselors, special education assistants,
psychological assistants and clinical social workers. Behavioral science educators can prepare
candidates for working in human resource departments, employment–training programs, law
enforcement, schools, mental health organizations, public health agencies and consumer marketing.
A few representative careers and

Behavior Analysis Intervention for Austic Children Essay
Introduction
If we look at the anatomical parts of the brain, we can notice differences in autistic children's brain.
According to Just, Cherkassky, Keller, Kana, and Minshew (2007), when autistic group was
compared to control group, the functional connectivity was lower for the autistic participants
between frontal and parietal areas, relevant parts of corpus callosum were smaller in cross sectional
area and the size of the genu of the corpus callosum was associated with the functional connectivity
of frontal–parietal. Applied Behavioral Analysis is one of the most widely used interventions
working with children that have autism. ABA intervention is bases of the behavioral therapy that
was introduced by B.F.Skinner, a spokesperson for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Applied Behavioral Analysis Intervention ABA is based on principles of behavioral therapy and is
one of the most effective interventions for children that have autism. According to Healy, O'Connor,
Leader, and Kenny (2008), early intensive behavioral intervention was effective with preschool
children that had autism because they reported high achievements in normative functioning, which
was measured under practical outcomes and standard psychological methods. The study also
concludes that since Applied Behavior Analysis is a treatment, it can fabricate systematic,
substantial and durable effects under particular conditions. This study provided an example where
40% to 60 % children before reaching five who had two years and ten months treatment improved
well enough that they were ready to be enrolled in public schools. The research shows that Applied
Behavior Analysis is effective with children that have autism, but there are many other effective
interventions that can be integrated with ABA. For example Lim and Draper (2011) incorporated
music with Applied Behavioral Analysis and found that both of music and ABA were effective and
there was no significant differences in between them. Moreover, results specifically indicated that
music was as important as speech training to form functional verbal operants in children that have
autism. The results also stated that when music is paired with ABA, musical stimuli could enhance
verbal production in children with autism. In

A Research Study On Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism Spectrum Disorder, more commonly referred to as Autism, affects one out of 68 chil–dren
and young adults (Autism Science Foundation, 2016). The spectrum ranges from mild to severe.
While there are set characteristic traits to determine whether or not a person is autistic, these traits
vary tremendously among different people; no two autistic children are alike. The traits these
individuals possess and the actions caused by the characteristic, influence how other family
members and caregivers respond to the autistic individual. This paper will examine case studies and
articles that illustrate the effectiveness of Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) in–tervention
techniques for autistic individuals. Looking at ABA and the different tools and in–tervention
methods that therapists have at their disposal, will demonstrate how early interven–tion and family
education are the biggest keys to aiding an autistic client in adjusting to the world around them in a
meaningful way. Two different case studies will be reviewed; one fo–cusing on how to identify and
provide effective treatment plans based on a brief analysis, the other examines how involving the
family can reduce the frequency of behavioral problems. Applied Behavioral Analysis: A Review of
Applied Behavioral Analysis Interventions for
Autism
The purpose of this independent study is to review the methods of Applied Be–havioral Analysis as
it pertains to Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism Spectrum Disorder is a

The Importance Of Social Skills Training And...
Parent training can be especially beneficial to the improvement of children with Asperger's
Syndrome or high functioning autism. If caregivers such as parents, grandparents, siblings,
babysitters, etc. are fully aware of and understand the strengths and deficits of the child, they will be
able to incorporate aspects of successful treatment options like social skills training into the child's
life at home. The more children with AS are exposed to social skills and behavior training, the more
likely they are to improve their behavior. Parents and other caregivers can learn how to effectively
implement treatment mechanisms into the child's everyday life. Treatment then becomes consistent
and routine for children with AS (Autism Speaks, 2010).
Social Skills Training and Speech–Language Therapy
Children with AS/HFA can expand and improve their social skills through training and therapy.
Though children with AS may have strong language skills, it is important that they learn how to
express their thoughts and feelings appropriately. Their ability to interact with others can improve
with lots of practice and explicit teaching. Therapists often teach social skills to children with
AS/HFA using visual techniques such as social stories, or using exercises that involve the children in
various social situations. Social skills groups have proved to be very beneficial to children with AS
in teaching them how to interact with their peers. Speech and language therapy may also help these

Dietetics Code Of Ethics Essay
Direct patient care services are to be provided by qualified, dietetic practitioners. There are many
resources available for practicing dietitians. Nonetheless, it is important to use the correct
professional resources when providing clinical services. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
should be the primary source of information for clinical dietitians because it provides the tools and
resources needed to be a food and nutrition leader in any area of practice. The resources available
include the Evidence and Analysis Library, Standards of Professional Performance, Standards of
Practice, and Code of Ethics for the Profession of Dietetics. Another advantage of using the
Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics is that the clinical dietitian can ... Show more content on
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The Code of Ethics for the Profession of Dietetics main purpose is to provide guidelines and
guidance to dietitians on proper practice and conduct in their professional practice with the
profession and the public they serve (Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, n.d.). There are a total of
19 principles of the code divided into 5 categories that include fundamental principles,
responsibilities to the public, responsibilities to clients, responsibilities to the profession and
responsibilities to colleagues and other professionals (American Dietetic Association, 2009). Some
of the topics covered in the code of ethics involve supporting and promoting high standards of
professional practice, complying with all laws and regulations applicable to the profession, using
professional judgment within the limits of the dietitian's qualifications and making referrals when
appropriate, and conducting the profession with honesty and fairness (American Dietetic
Association, 2009). All of these principles are important to show the respect and value for the
dietetics profession as well as to ensure proper adherence according to the qualities and scope of
practice of each

Social Cognitive Modeling Characteristics : Analysis
Social Cognitive Theory– Modeling Characteristics – analysis Cristina Dumitrescu University of St.
Augustine Unit #5–EDF 7171900– Motivation Theory in Education Social cognitive theory
analyzes on how people gain knowledge, expertise and their interactions during the process. It also,
looks at the external influences imposed by personal factors, and environmental interactions.
According to social cognitive theorists (Schunk, Meece & Pintrich, 2014) effective modeling
happens when the observer is motivated to learn (p. 132). What triggers his/her motivation? How do
we know the effectiveness of our teaching? That brings a reflective answer. Based on Bandura's
social cognitive theory (1994) learning takes place when the learner is ... Show more content on
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Their fieldwork educator mentors through the process to ensure on going modeling of skills. Within
the same context of modeling, the concept of perceived similarity is taking place. The class
instructor, the teaching assistant and the fieldwork educator models the performance skills until
competence is achieved. Through expert modeling and peer–modeling, the learner is motivated to
enhance performance and outcomes by judging their self–efficacy and self–regulation. Zimmerman
(2000) studied the effects of self–regulation and their effects on cognition and performance.
Bandura (1994) analyzes the adjustment of performance based on cognitive processes and social
environmental influences. A significant role in cognitive processing is displayed by the emotional
affect/feelings of the learner that influences the desired goal oriented action (Schunk, Meece &
Pintrich, 2014). Self–awareness plays an intricate role in the learner's motivation. The practice of
occupational therapy refers to it as the art and science of implementing interventions. I order to have
successful clinical outcomes, the student and the client needs to trust the instructor/clinician. The
component of credibility within the social cognitive theory has a direct implication on the learner's
motivation. The clinician must be well aware of the current professional guidelines and legal
expectations.

Adhd Treatment : A Literature Review Essay
ADHD Treatment: A Literature review
Jaelynne Loft
Azusa Pacific University
ADHD Treatment: A Literature Review
Attention deficit hypersensitivity disorder (ADHD) affects children. Children who have been
diagnosed with ADHD generally struggle with inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. They
often have difficulty focusing and paying attention to details. Unfortunately, some children
experience problems in social settings. Their behavior is hyperactive (e.g., fidgets, forgets, and talks
excessively) and impulsive (e.g., waiting their turn, interrupting, and intruding). Behavioral
problems are commonly found with children diagnosed with ADHD because they have difficulty
regulating their responses in social interactions. Without effective treatments, these social interaction
problems follow these young children into adulthood. This literature review will discuss five studies
that examine the effectiveness of pharmacological therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and
behavioral therapy on children and adults with ADHD.
Article Summaries
Deviant Behavior Study
Helseth et al. (2014) discussed the effects of reinforcement for deviant peer behavior (RDPB) on
151 elementary age children with a definite diagnosis of ADHD and 71 children without ADHD. It
was hypothesized "that reinforcement of deviant peer behavior would be significantly more
prevalent among children with ADHD–CP [conduct problems] and ADHD–only than controls, and
more prevalent

Nvq L5 Health & Social Care Lead Positive Behavioural Support
Unit 540 Lead positive behavioural support | Positive behaviour support (PBS) is an approach to
providing services to individuals who exhibit challenging behaviour. Since the early 1990s, PBS has
received increasing attention from the behaviour–analytic community. Some behaviour analysts
have embraced this approach, but others have voiced questions and concerns. Over the past dozen
years, an approach to delivery of behavioral services known as positive behavior support has
emerged as a highly visible movement. Although PBS has been substantially influenced by applied
behavior analysis, other factors are also part of its ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Of course there will be important conflicts of interest between service users and their carers which
will need to be faced up to at an individual level. But services should not be provided by exploiting
the personal commitment and dedication of carers. Families who care for individuals whose
behaviour presents challenges are subject to considerable and continual stress, both physical and
psychological. Although staffs is not permanently on duty as family carers can be, they are still
subject to the same stresses when supporting people whose behaviour challenges. This is true even
in settings which aim to do no more than contain people. Similar concerns apply to staff as to carers.
The higher aspirations often found in progressive services impose extra strain on staff and here too it
is important to balance the demands of working constructively with people who can be very
difficult, day in and day out, with the needs of individual staff for emotional and practical respite
and ongoing support. Demographic changes and rising expectations will

Johns Reflection And Gibbs Reflection in Nursing Practice
Introduction: In this essay, I will discuss several issues that seem to bind nursing practice with
questions of ethics, sociology and management. Reflective practice is an important aspect of nursing
management and in this essay we discuss implications of discrimination in nursing care and examine
the importance of anti–discriminatory perspectives in nursing. In this paper, the case study I will
elaborate is of an elderly woman who was of a non–British ethnic origin and spoke little English. A
junior nurse visited her home to provide care but her attitude towards the patient has been
discriminatory and abrupt, a situation that calls for serious reflection on the issues of racial
discrimination at the clinical setting. The patient was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Gustaffson and Fagerberg point out that reflective practice has relevance for clinical practice as by
understanding the contents of nurses' reflections, it is also possible to understand the advantages of
reflective practice and how and when such measures should be used by the nurses for further
professional development. Fairley (2005) gives a consultant nurse' perspective of a clinical role in
critical care unit that has evolved as a central feature of all surgical high dependency units (SDHU)
in large teaching hospital trusts. Advanced nursing practice is perceived not as the acquisition and
application of technical procedures which are usually undertaken by doctors, but also an integration
of medicine and nursing where holistic nursing assessment and symptom focused physical
examination go hand in hand. Fairley presents a reflective account of practical problems
encountered relating to role integration, professional autonomy, legal and consent issues, non–
medical prescribing, and role evaluation (Fairley, 2005). The paper successfully describes a model
of nursing applied to high dependency units integrating the role of the advanced nurse practitioner
within the medical and clinical team an reflective practice plays an important role by being the main
method of evaluation of a consultant nurse' perspective. In a

Siemens Ag Bribery
Siemens AG Bribery Scandal This paper will focus on the analysis of the well–known and popular
bribery scandal in the world, such as Siemens AG Bribery Scandal which occurred in November,
2006. Siemens AG is one of the largest and most popular electrical engineering companies operated
in the world. The present company was founded in 1847 in Berlin and is now headquartered in
Munich, Germany. The discussion and the proper analysis of this bribery scandal will help to learn
many effective lessons from this situation helping organizations and individuals to avoid such cases
and experiences in the future. Siemens was considered one of the most powerful and productive
companies in the field of electronics and that bribery scandal surely ... Show more content on
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Deming stated that Siemens AG failed "to have and publicize a system whereby employees and
agents could report or seek guidance regarding potential or actual criminal conduct without fear of
retaliation (Deming 91). Siemens Company and people working there on a regular basis faced a
great number of disadvantages associated with the decisions that led to the bribery scandals. The
major disadvantages included not only great financial losses due to fines and court procedures but
mainly the lack of trust and confidence on the part of customers, investors, business partners and
other persons. Siemens simply had to re–gain trust and respect in the world trying to remain
competitive, successful and productive either on the national or international business arena. These
disadvantages surely affect the organization's values, beliefs, culture, control, and its strategic ways
of doing business in the modern competitive environment. Brooks and Dunn stated that "each line of
business had a managing director and a separate managing board, and this structure inhibited
accountability and allowed corruption to spread" (Brooks and Dunn 291). The great number of
persons was convicted in making illegal payments and being involved into fraudulent bribery
activities, such as Andreas Kley, Johannes Feldmayer, Hans–Werner Hartmann, etc. These persons

Professional Application Of The Behavior Modification Model
This paper discusses professional application of the behavior modification model. The theoretical
basis for this model is behavioral theory. This model emphasizes the client system, but will shift
focus to the mezzo system when needed. The process of behavior modification is outlined in detail
in this paper. To end the paper, there will be articles that support this model and prove its
effectiveness with individuals.
Keywords: behavioral theory, behavior modification, individuals
Behavior Modification
Theoretical Explanation
The theoretical background for behavior modification lies within behavioral theory. Behavioral
theory is based on a learning process that all our behaviors and some emotional reactions are learned
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Assessment
For a social worker using the behavior modification model the client system is emphasized.
Behavioral modification in general concentrates on the client's identified behaviors that are of
interest to change. The mezzo system is an area of focus seeing that the targeted behavior could be a
response to the environment and other surroundings. The immediate conditions (reinforcements in
the environment) contribute to the current situation (maladaptive behavior). If the behavior is
abnormal and is negatively effecting client functioning it is important to further explore. Although,
past history can play a part in determining current factors involved in the behavior (Behavior
Modification, n.d.). As mentioned previously client functioning is of concern for behavior
modification during assessment. Additionally, client functioning in context or clients functioning in
each situation is another area of focus. When does, the targeted behavior occur and when does it not
is of interest when beginning the assessment. Along with that the social worker is curious to know if
there is a specific pattern that is tied to the behavior. Within each environment, how the client
behaves and how the client is influenced is a emphasized during assessment. A detailed data
collection of the behavior is needed, such as frequency, duration, and intensity (Sheafor & Horejsi,
2012). To do this the social worker could use self–reports, role playing, and information from family
and friends

Analysis of Strengths and Weaknesses
Reflection Essay Introduction With the long–term goal of becoming a transformational leader, it is
often useful to consider one's strengths and weak nesses across four dimensions. These include
personal and professional accountability, career planning, personal journey disciplines and reflect
practice reference behaviors and tenets. The intent of this analysis is to evaluate my strengths and
weaknesses in each of these four areas. In addition, a discussion will be completed on how current
leadership skill sets will be used for advocating change in my workplace. The conclusion of the
paper will concentrate on one personal goal for leadership growth, including an implementation plan
leading to its fulfillment. Analysis of Strengths and Weaknesses In the four areas of personal and
professional accountability, career planning, personal journey disciplines, and reflective practice
reference behaviors/tenets, my strengths and weaknesses align to the progression from transactional
to transformational leadership. As transformational leadership concentrates on creating a culture of
trust and transparency (Fitzgerald, Schutte, 2010) my strength in personal and professional
accountability is to strive to be trust–worthy. One of my strengths in this area is the willingness to
keep other informed as to my progress over time on projects and if I am going to be on time for an
appointment or not. My strength in the personal and professional accountability area has to do with
my

Concept Analysis Critique of Homophobia in Nursing Essay
analysis critiqueRunning Head: CONCEPT ANALYSIS CRITIQUE
Concept Analysis Critique of Christensen's Homophobia in Nursing Using Walker and Avant's
Framework
NUR 701–90 Nursing Theory
The Sage Colleges
Lori Ciafardoni–Hawkes RN, MSN/MEd
November 17, 2010
Concept Analysis Critique of Christensen's Homophobia in Nursing Using Walker and Avant's
Framework
Introduction
Concept analysis is discussed by Walker and Avant (2005) as a way to describe phenomena in
nursing practice, as it "allows the theorist, researcher, or clinician to come to grips with the various
possibilities within the concept of interest" (Walker & Avant, 2005, pg. 63). Walker and Avant
developed an eight step process of concept analysis, which includes ... Show more content on
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Areas of particular relevance to health educators include heterosexual bias in sexuality education
curriculum and textbook context, AIDS education, hate violence, adolescent suicide, and health
education research on lesbian and gay topics. Strategies for eliminating homophobia include
professional development of health educators and curriculum change at the university level" (Baker,
1991, np). Other researchers like Black, Oles and Moore (1998) "reported on a study of the
relationship between students' attitudes toward women and toward gay men and lesbians and
changes in those attitudes during social work courses at two universities. The study found a
significant relationship between students' levels of homophobia and sexism. The relationship was
stronger for female students than for male students and varied by race and academic major. The
article also discussed the implications of the findings for changing social work curricula" (np). Barry
(1998) explained "that a series of contemporary theories that had been used to explain homophobia.
Structural, feminist, comparative, gender panic, queer, and socio–historical theories rely on the
premises of a diverse set of scholarly disciplines, and in turn, generate their own objects of analysis,
whether `homophobia', `heterosexism', or `heteronormativity'. While the current flourishing of gay
and lesbian studies had generated important insights into the workings of homophobia, analyses
have also

Auditor Independence Essay
Abstract. The article reviewed was Role of Independence in Ethics for SMP Accountants. The key of
the abstract is to emphasize the strength of ethics and moral behavior while conducting the audit
(pp. 305–306).
Introduction. The author studied professional ethics and auditor independence at small and medium
firms. The researcher compared ethics with values, and laid emphasis on the credibility as one of the
most important ethics element (p. 306). The concept of auditor independence and ethics has
significantly changed for the last century. There was a drastic move toward the neutrality in
reporting. The main objective of research is to analyze two terms independence of mind and
independence in appearance; and examine perceptions of independent auditors (pp. 307–308). The
study is important because it investigates professional ethics as the key of quality assurance
services. The researcher considered two problems of the study: shifts in regulations affect the
auditors' behavior, and changes in settings and culture of businesses (p. 305).
Literature Review. The author used a systematic review of literature in the research. The researcher
examined studies of Gill and Cosseral (1996), The Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, and
Guidance Note on Independence of Auditors to analyze the word "independence" in depth. The
author stated that the term might bring a lot of confusion (p. 307). The term should emphasize that
the professional is free from financial relationships.

Physical Therapists And Physical Therapy Essay
Physical therapists have become a highly respected and necessary part of the healthcare team, yet
the process of becoming a physical therapist has become increasingly challenging. Physical therapy
students must maintain a high GPA in order to remain in highly competitive doctoral programs and
must also successfully complete several clinical experiences over the course of, on average, three
years. For many students, their first clinical experience can be very intimidating because it will be
the first time they have been in a type of setting other than the classroom. Often times, they will
have no idea what to expect or how to prepare. Physical therapists also have the additional
challenges of dealing with drastic changes in the profession that include the disparities in healthcare,
escalating healthcare costs, and the demand for more efficient and cost–effective practice (Hayward
et al., 2013). The scope of physical therapy practice is also evolving to include direct access as the
norm in all 50 states, including Washington D.C. This change requires ever–growing autonomy and
clinical decision making skills for all physical therapists (Hayward et al., 2013).
Clinical affiliations are an integral part of the doctor of physical therapy (DPT) education. Currently,
all physical therapy students in the United States will graduate with a doctoral degree. Along with
this relatively new advancement in the field, it is the expectation that entry–level physical therapists
are

Behavior Analysis : The Scientific Study Of Behavior
Behavior analysis is the scientific study of behavior. The two main areas of focus within the field are
experimental analysis of behavior and applied behavior analysis. The experimental analysis of
behavior studies how behavior is learned and changes over time and is the scientific foundation of
applied behavior analysis. Through the use of applied behavior analysis a practitioner is able to
systematically identify the variables involved in socially significant behaviors and influence a
change of behavior. Practitioners utilizing this approach may provide service in a wide array of areas
such as working within an organization to improve the overall organizational functioning, improve
skills, or reduce problem behaviors. A behavior ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this route, twelve classes are taken in sequence in order to provide the necessary training to sit for
the test to become certified to practice. The comprehensive exam track offers the student the
opportunity to complete three written assignments to earn the Masters degree in lieu of completing a
research project which would require an additional class and the completion of a written thesis
based on the research compiled. Through completion of the courses, the student is presented with
the necessary education and training to sit for the required tests and enjoy a career in Applied
Behavior Analysis.
Licensing
Although California requires no special license to practice ABA, one must obtain national
certification in order to provide services as an ABA therapist. This certification requires the
practitioner to complete a qualifying degree which includes taking the appropriate coursework from
an approved university; meet a minimum number of supervised experience hours under a certified
BCBA; after which the therapist must pass the BCBA examination. Only after the exam is passed
does one become board certified and able to practice within the field of ABA as a board certified
behavior analyst. The licensing authority in the field of ABA is the Behavior Analyst Certification
Board which was established in 1998 in order to meet professional credentialing needs of the
professional and provide consistent standards across

Sample Case Management Personal Statement
Attn: Graduate Admissions Committee
I am applying to your master's graduate program in behavioral analysis for the fall of 2016. After
completing my undergraduate degree in psychology from University of Memphis. Since 2010 I've
worked in several capacities within the behavioral health system. December of 2010 I began
working for Case Management Inc. where I filled in as a Residential Technician at the Peabody
House. In an emergency housing unit for HIV/AIDS positive clients I advocated resources and
provided crisis intervention for six years. Within this capacity a handled an array of responsibilities,
including but not limited to: substance abuse rehabilitation assistance, composing/receiving resident
activity reports, overseeing nightly resident activity, establishing treatment programs and training
new PRN staff. I remained in this capacity until it became a conflict of interest to my newest
employer. June of 2013 I began working as a Community Counselor for Lakeside Behavioral
Health. In this role, until February 2016. In this role I ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I've always prided myself on my skills of observation and to have a career where my observation
skills can be refined and used in a professional setting is an ideal situation. Include the fact that I
have always wanted to work in the private prison sector. Seeing that Saint Joseph's University host
it's program within its criminal justice department, makes SJU number one on my list of schools to
attend. Within the criminal justice field I would like to perform behavioral analysis in the prison
system. Through reading and research I believe behavior modification is key to rehabilitation.
Building constructive environments, avoiding the counter control of applied behavior analysis, as
well priming inmates for a life outside of prison with the necessary skills both socially and
professionally are key factors that should be the point of

Functional Behavior Assessment Advantages And Disadvantages
When a student who has a disability's educational placement is changed due to challenging behavior,
a functional behavior assessment must be conducted. Functional behavior assessment (FBA) is used
to aid in the development of behavior intervention plans (BIP's). In a functional assessment, the type
and the source of reinforcement for problem behaviors are used as a basis for intervention efforts
that are designed to increase occurrence. Functional analysis can also be used to determine the
specific function of a behavior, but FBA's are more commonly used, especially in school settings. In
a functional analysis (FA), antecedents and consequences that represent those in the person's natural
environment are arranged so that their effects on the problem behavior can be observed and
measured. The difference between a functional analysis and functional behavior assessment is that
the assessment establishes a connection between the behavior and antecedent or the consequent
variables, but a functional analysis identifies informal relationships. For this reason, a functional
analysis is seen to be a more valid tool for identifying the function of a behavior; however, there are
limitations to using a functional analysis. This method may momentarily strengthen the problem
behavior or result in the behavior acquiring new functions. Federal mandates like IDEA 2004 and
school reforms such as Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) have played a role in
the increase of the

Humanistic Psychology Essay
The focus of this paper is the person–centered approach, which is the understanding of personality
and human relationships in psychotherapy and counseling in the areas of client–centered therapy,
education of student–centered learning, organizations, and other group settings. Even though
psychoanalysis and behaviorism have made major contributions to psychology, it has influenced the
understanding and practices of the humanistic movement, specifically with the therapies for the
different mental disorders. Psychoanalysis understands the unconscious behavior, behaviorism
focuses on the conditioning process that produces behavior. Humanistic psychology focuses on the
person's potential to act as a whole person in a nurturing environment by ... Show more content on
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It is important that the therapist conduct sessions in a way where they are showing themselves in the
session without pretense. This allows a growth–promoting climate with the psychoanalysis of the
client's behavior. An important factor for a successful person–centered therapy allows clients the
freedom to develop and control their own lives, rather than being tied to their past (Goodwin, 2008).
This method also denotes and consists of psychotherapy theory and humanistic therapy where the
concentration is on the present rather than the past, and the humanistic analyst tends to underlines
awareness instead of being unaware. Both theories share a common method while patients and
clients converse their feelings vocally and the therapist provide analyses.
In a humanistic therapy approach or a person–centered psychoanalysis, the therapist's center of
attention is on the conscious of the client to show their awareness. In this environment, such as the
therapist displays realism, acceptance and kindness, as an effort in helping the client to openly
convey their feelings. These types of sessions allows for information to flow between the client and
the therapist in a humanistic genuineness, realness, professional and no façade way. The idea is for
the client to freely express their thought and feelings to the psychotherapists so that in return
kindness and acceptance is

Autism Research Methods
Topic In the article, Assessing Stimulus Control and Promoting Generalization via Video Modeling
when Teaching Social Responses to Children With Autism (Jones, Lerman, and Lechago 2014),
different methods and their generalization for teaching children with autism social responses are
assessed. The authors (Jones, Lerman, and Lechago, 2014) were interested in whether or not
children's learned proper social responses with adults would also generalize to children responding
appropriately to their peers. This should be the goal, they claim (2014). All these different methods
such as play–scripting, reinforcement, and video–modeling should promote peer relationships
through learning better social behavior with adults. They also wanted to ... Show more content on
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Main Ideas The main idea of the article was to help children with autism develop better social
behavior so that they could in turn develop better relationships with their peers. This study was
designed to assess and hopefully narrow down the methods that could best bring about this outcome.
The authors' argument (Jones, Lerman, and Lechago 2014) was that the method of video–modeling,
or having the participants view a video of a similar–aged child acting out the targeted social
behavior, was the most effective method of promoting generalized social skills. A second,
underlying argument of theirs' was the idea that if the children's learned social behavior didn't
translate from adults to their peers, it is ultimately unhelpful for that child. While these ideas are
presented clearly, their results were not. The authors' were not able to fully control many variables in
the study (things like the adults and peers past interactions with the participants) and as such,
indicated the need for more studies to be conducted to validate their findings (Jones, Lerman, and
Lechago, pg 49, 2014).
Reflection
Jones, Lerman, and Lechago's conclusion seems to be supported by their results (2014). However,
though the study was conducted well under the circumstances, the pool of participants was small
(2014). The study also had several limitations, like being conducted at a center focused on behavior
therapy (2014). Hopefully, this study

Example Of Narrative Essay Sample
I am extremely interested in the behavior specialist position proposed at Fontana Unified School
District. I have substantial background knowledge pertaining to the field of special education, more
specifically the mild, moderate, and severe student populations. I am currently carrying out my
eleventh year of employment at San Bernardino City Unified School District, as a moderate to
severe education specialist. My experience as a special education teacher has generated
opportunities for professional growth and development, as I am able to effectively educate and
manage youth with moderate to severe disabilities. I have acquired over a decade of significant
knowledge regarding behavior interventions, special education law, and effective ... Show more
I work in a synergistic manner, thus I am able to effectively communicate with all members of the
school community, while ensuring professionalism is of upmost priority. In addition, I am a doctoral
candidate, working on obtaining a doctorate degree in Educational Leadership from California State
University, San Bernardino. My desire to obtain a doctorate degree stemmed from my passion to
best serve students with disabilities, for I aspire to create policies and procedures that will leave a
positive impression on the essential stakeholders. I am an esteemed resource to any educational
organization, as I demonstrate expertise in the following areas: special education policies and law,
positive behavioral interventions and supports (PBiS), applied behavior analysis (ABA), composing
and conducting professional developments, restorative justice practices, curriculum design, research
and data analysis, program evaluation, executing collaborative Individualized Education Programs,
and Behavior Intervention Plans. In conclusion, I support the notion of proactive interventions and
provisions, as they create effective pathways to a higher quality of life for students with disabilities,
therefore supporting each student, their families, the surrounding community, and district needs are
my

Autism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )
Introduction/Background Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability that can
cause significant social, communication, and behavior challenges and was first described by Dr. Leo
Kanner in 1943 (Brown & Percy, 2007). Individuals with ASD can range from high functioning to
low functioning in their ability to learn, think, and problem solve (Brown & Percy, 2007). Behavior
problems are common among individuals with ASD (Hill at el, 2014). Kogan (2009) estimates that
approximately 637,000 children in the U.S. alone have ASD and within those 637,000 children,
Hagopian (2007) suggests that half of those children, who are diagnosed with ASD, also display
problem behavior. According to Hagopian & Hardesty (2014), Applied Behavior ... Show more
The use of physical restraint as a treatment strategy to reduce aggressive behavior among
individuals with ASD is common in the field of ABA. However, looking in from the outside, many
may believe that this type of intervention is unethical or unconventional. Therefore, there are many
ethical issues that arise as a result with such a controversial treatment strategy. According to
Patterson (2003), restraint is defined as "being held against active resistance." Some examples of
physical restraint include, but are not limited to: basket hold (locking the individual's elbows and
holding them at the forearm, 5–person stabilization hold (having 5 individuals hold down the limbs
of another individual), and the hands down procedure (placing your arms over the individuals arms
from behind them). Many professionals struggle with justifying physical restraint both in and
outside of the field of ABA. Although there is much research that suggests that physical restraint can
be an affective way to reduce problem behavior among individuals with ASD, as well as reduce the
physical harms their behavior can pose to caregivers, there is also research that suggests these types
of interventions are dangerous and have been abused by professionals in the past. The topic of
whether or not the use of physical restraint should be used as a consequence has been passionately
debated among professionals for years (Collier &

The Concept Analysis of Stress in the Nursing Field
Concept Analysis of Stress: The nursing field is an occupation that is naturally subject to a high
degree of stress because professionals in this field deal with grief, suffering, and death cases. The
vulnerability to stress in the nursing occupation is also fueled by the fact that several nursing tasks
tend to be mundane and unrewarding. In normal standards, nursing tasks range from being
distasteful to degrading, disgusting, and frightening. Generally, many visits by patients to health
care services are usually brought by stress–related illnesses to an extent that 90 percent of these
visits are associated to stress. Therefore, stress is part of nearly every person's existence since it's
linked to the development of mental disorders, enhanced stress–related diseases, and minimized
immunologic function. Definition of the Concept of Stress: In defining the concept of stress,
occupational stress and role stress are examined based on the fact that people's lives are
characterized with stressors that contribute to numerous threats to their well–being. Since the
concept of role stress, which is related to occupational stress, is not found in the dictionary, the
starting point in the definition and analysis of stress is the use of the term stress (Riahi, 2011, p.722).
While stress was initially described as the experience of some form of strain by any living
organisms, the description has been expanded to a phenomenon that contributes to severe and
distressing experience,

RES 351 Week 2 Individual Assignment Essay
RUNNING HEAD:Business Research Ethics
Business Research Ethics
RES 351
Business Research Ethics
An article was chosen from the University Library to evaluate the issue of unethical business
research conduct. The article chose is called Flacking for Big Pharma: Drugmakers Don't Just
Compromise Doctors; They Also Undermine the Top Medical Journals and Skew the Findings of
Medical Research . The identification of the unethical business research involved in the article is
given. The parties involved along with effected party is mentioned. The evaluation of the article also
identifies how the unethical behavior affected the organization, injured party, and society. A
proposition of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The consumers receive the biggest lost because the use of wrong drug and doses can lead to other
illness and even death.
The unethical behavior has effected the organization, injured party, and society. The organization is
effected because of the unreliability of new drugs brought to the market. With past issues with
unethical practices in medical research, the prescribing health professionals are reluctant to use
product. The organization loses profit and reputation because of the unethical practices some
companies use. The injured party, the patient, is affected because lost of life or developed illnesses
that are not able to returned to normal state. With illness and death the individual places hardship on
other family members creating a wealth of economic instability. Society is effected because new
drugs are not developed to help with incurable diseases because of the past experiences, and if
developed the health care professionals do not want to prescribe the medication because of potential
lawsuit. Society is trying to gain a healthier community but can not because the trust in
pharmaceuticals is no longer valid.
To avoid the unethical behavior in pharmaceutical companies a law should be proposed that sets
guidelines and standards to pharmaceutical practices in medical research. The laws can govern how
many

A Statement Of The Behavioral Psychology Program
I. Problem Statement
A. Statement of the Problem and its Significance As the number of children with autism and other
developmental disability diagnoses continue to rise across the nation, there is a greater need for
comprehensive services and programs designed to address the needs of these individuals. At
Advocate Illinois Masonic Pediatric Developmental Center, the behavioral psychology program is
one of five programs aimed to assist children with disabilities to be able to function across
environments. Behavioral issues are a common occurrence in children diagnosed with a
developmental disability. Some behaviors can be easily redirected, while more aggressive, self–
injurious and harmful behaviors can sometimes lead to hospitalization. The main objective of the
behavioral psychology program is to provide parent–focused training to implement strategies and
skills to reduce behaviors and the amount of hospitalizations of children with disabilities.
B. Specific Objectives of Projected Research Currently at the Pediatric Developmental center, the
waitlist for services is very long. Some families are waiting up to two years to begin receiving
individual behavior therapy services after the initial parent training requirement of the behavior
psychology program. In addition, current data collection protocols have been determined to be
inadequate measures of effectiveness within the program by program stakeholders. There is a need
for data to be collected at more regulated times

The Demons Within Essay
The Demons Within 	There are many interesting, well developed, entertaining, colorful,
exciting, and provocative characters in Mario Vargas LlosaÕs novel Aunt Julia and the
Scriptwriter. Pedro Camacho is quite a character, as well as Aunt Julia herself. I was even greatly
intrigued by such small characters as Cousin Nancy and, believe it or not, the cabdriver who helped
find a mayor to marry Aunt Julia and Marito. however, nobody in the whole book interested me
more than Marito Varguitas himself. He is just such a well developed character, and really seems
like a person who would be fun to know. In fact, nothing about Marito interested me more than the
demons that he possesses, or should I say seem to posses him and manifest ... Show more content on
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They are not actually blood relatives, but Aunt Julia is MaritoÕs Uncle Lucho's sister in law.
But that still makes here a relative of sorts and therefore makes their relationship and eventual
marriage wrong, especially in the eyes of the family. another interesting thing in the book is that
every other one of Aunt JuliaÕs suitors who come to call is also a distant relative of some
sort. The last bit of incest comes out at the very end of the story. After and eight year marriage, and a
divorce that actually devastates the family, Marito remarries an actual blood relative. He marries his
cousin Patricia and turns his aunt and uncle in to his mother and father in law. ItÕs funny that
his family didnÕt seem to have too much of a problem accepting this marriage. Perhaps they
were numb to it by this time. 	Another demon expressed in MaritoÕs writing and life is
money. There never seems to be enough of it for him to do what he wants. He canÕt take
Aunt Julia out as much as he would like because he doesnÕt earn enough money. He
canÕt move out of his familyÕs house and solve most of his problems with them
because he doesnÕt earn enough money to pay rent at an apartment. He also almost risks not
being able to marry Aunt Julia for want of money to pay the mayor. Likewise, money also shows up
in his writing. For example, the story about the soccer referee Joaquin Hinostroza Bellmont in

Applied Behavior Analysis Essay
Applied behavior analysis, or ABA therapy, is a tool that helps children, especially those with
autism, succeed in daily life. ABA applies basic behavioral practices, including positive
reinforcement, teaching in small steps, prompting, and repeated practice, to facilitate the
development of a child's language, social interactions, independent living skills, and other aptitudes.
Originated by the scientific principles of Dr. B.F. Skinner in the 1960s, ABA methods gained
popularity treating children with autism in the 1980s because the therapy works. Based on decades
of research, (Read the research) ABA is proven to be the most effective method to teach children
and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and other developmental disabilities. ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The team then creates measurable goals that address the triggering factors with the purpose of
reducing maladaptive behavior, even if it's complex, and promoting adaptive behavior.
During therapy sessions, the therapist breaks objectives into small goals, offers positive support,
includes prompts, and promotes practice. Families also receive training so they can use the same
techniques at home. Over time, the therapist collects data, tweaks the goals and helps the child
master each step and build on their achievements, a strategy that improves overall success.
While there are varying applications of Applied Behavior Analysis, Invo Behavior and Therapy
Services and Autism Home Support Services take a holistic approach in implementing the core
methodologies of Applied Behavior Analysis, or ABA therapy, to build on a child's skills and further
develop capabilities. These methods include pairing and play, Discrete Trial Training (DTT), Pivotal
Response Training, Natural Environment Teaching (NET), Verbal Behavior (VB), and

Explain Edward Thorndike Theory Of Behaviourism
A COMPREHENSIVE INTRODUCTION
Children learn through encouragement and praise rather than punishment.
Edward Thorndike's Law of Effect states:
Behaviour that is followed by pleasant consequences is like to occur again and any behaviour that is
followed by unpleasant consequences is likely to stop occurring.
Edward Thorndike was a Beaviourist and worked on his theory that lead to the development of
Operant Conditioning within Behaviourism. Operant Conditioning involves learning from the
consequences of our Behaviour.
Thorndike's theory simply means to achieve good behaviour and learning one must first present a
form of encouragement and not punishment in order to achieve this goal. There are several different
types of Operant Conditioning. The one that explains clearly what his theory states is the Token
Economy. The Token Economy is a form ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As teachers, we should try our best to befriend our pupils so as to enhance learning and to show
results that what was taught was taken in and processed. Teachers should encourage pupils and be
like a second parent to their pupils so as to foster learning in and outside a classroom. Teachers need
to show encouragement or give them small tokens or praises so they can break the fear barrier and
pupils show positive behaviour towards the teacher and learning. In any science class, teachers
should encourage pupils to love science and show them how fun science can be. One major fact of
why pupils see science as a burden is the amount of reading and writing of work to do and study.
Teachers now need to make it clear to pupils that science is fun. What do this mean? They need to
create more fun in class and out of class science related activities so pupils learn without even
thinking that leaning is taking place. This way it is fun and more memorable than normal ways of
learning. Science is fun! And this way pupils will love

Education And Social Problem Solving Skills
Introduction Teachers have different ways of engaging children in social problem solving skills. The
literature review revolves around this argument. The different topics to be discussed are inclusive of
the children capabilities in terms of their social emotional development and skills that children need
in order to become problem solvers. The other topic is the methodology which discusses the
strategies used in different articles, the classroom environment and the action of teachers as models
following their professional development from their training to coaching activities. At the end the
paper the influence of this training on children is discussed. Children capabilities Social emotional
development Whitted, K. S. (2011), ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This provides significant positive impacts statistically on the social behaviors of the three year olds
and a mutual closeness with their teachers and with each other. The results point to new potential
directions for future research and the development of pre–school interventions to enhance. Skills
that children need to become a problem solver (such as imaginations, flexibility, etc.) Pitri, E.
(2013), discusses Creative Problem solving via artwork. It involves analysis and logical thinking
and also irrational thinking through ways such as fantasy and play. Creativity is ideally not a
requirement in problem solving but creative production is a situation that needs problem solving.
Individuals who are creative are able to solve problems in a more innovative, appropriate manner
and high quality. Art activities help children face technical, interpersonal and contextual problems,
following critical thinking skills the children can make choices among a variety of possible solutions
(Pitri, E. 2013). Children who solve problems using creative thinking skills to solve problems are
usually focused on the task and they continuously define new problems and can ask questions out
loud. Problem solving skills and reasoning create a foundation for the learning of a lifetime.
Reasoning, making inferences, implementing decisions and analysing arguments to solve the
common problems are all important skills across all the areas of development. The skills give

Nursing Theory Analysis Paper
Theory Analysis Paper It is critical to know how to describe, analyze and evaluate theory, in order to
use it appropriately in practice, education and research (Dudley–Brown, 1997, p. 76). The middle–
range theory to be analyzed in this paper is Orlando's Nursing Process Discipline Theory. Fawcett's
Analysis and Evaluation of Nursing Theories framework will be used to complete an analysis of the
theory. Jacqueline Fawcett, PhD, FAAN and Susan Desanto–Madeya, PhD, RN (2103) present a two
phase approach to theory analysis and evaluation in their book Contemporary nursing knowledge:
Analysis and Evaluation of Nursing Models and Theories. During the analysis phase, Fawcett's
framework focuses on the theories origins, unique focus and content (McEwen & Wills, 2014, p.
100). During the evaluation phase, Fawcett specifies that judgements should be made on the theories
ability to satisfy criteria including, significance, internal consistency, parsimony, testability,
empirical adequacy, and pragmatic adequacy (Fawcett, & Desanto–Madeya, 2013)
Theory Description ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The duty of the nurse is to discover and fulfill the patient's immediate need for help. The client's
presenting behavior may be an appeal for help, however, the help desired might not be what it seems
to be (Current Nursing, 2013). The nurse is able to explore the meaning of the patient's behavior
using their perceptions and their thoughts and feelings about those perceptions. This practice assists
the nurse in discovering the nature of the suffering and what help the patient

The Cgi I Is A Stand Alone Clinical Assessment
The CGI–I is a stand–alone clinical assessment utilized in clinical trials which provides a clinicians
view of the participants functioning prior to, and after initiating, treatment (Busner & Targum,
2007). It provides an overall summary measure that considers available information including
history, psychosocial circumstances, behavior, and impact of the symptoms of the participant 's
ability to function (Busner & Targum, 2007). Through evaluation the severity of symptoms on a
scale of 1–7 and the changes on a similar scale after initiation of treatment, it can track progress
across time. It is easily understood by the non–researcher, which enables the team to engage an
independent clinician in the completion of the assessment which ... Show more content on
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The introduction of two treatments provide two independent variables which will be measured
across their influence on the 2 levels of dependent variables being child behavior and parent
confidence. Children will be randomized at baseline to either receive parent training or teaching.
Measures will be taken biweekly by independent clinician and compared at the end of the 12 week
trial to determine if the results of the individual participants proved to be positive or not and to
evaluate the effectiveness of training versus a classroom environment when teaching parents
behavior modification strategies. A specific training binder based on the principles found in Applied
behavior analysis, 2nd Ed. (Cooper, Heron, & Heward, 2007), has been created for each group
which will be followed precisely to ensure program consistency. Therapist will be trained according
to the manuals by the lead researcher and will be rated for adherence to program through
observation by two of the original creators of the manual which will provide inter–observer
agreement and validity to the ability of the trainer. Further, as part of the Likert questionnaire
provided to parents following training, they will be asked to rate trainers on the presentation and
knowledge, as well as their confidence

Behavior Analysis And Ethical Practices
According to Schreck & Miller, 2010 the field of behavior analysis has been plagued with a rapid
growth of fad treatments thus, subjecting individuals with autism to arrange of ineffective,
pseudoscientific, and antiscientific treatments. In order to prevent these incidents from happening
behavior analyst need to be able to make ethical decisions often before research is conducted or
published. Ethical guidelines and codes have been developed to protect behavioral professionals and
clients from using fads, unvalidated, and dangerous treatments (Schreck & Miller, 2010).
The BCBA code 1.01 is the roots to science of behavior. Behavior analyst must adhere to using
scientific knowledge in their daily practices. They can retain scientific knowledge

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