Explain The Stages Of Child Development

Explain The Stages Of Child Development
When a child turns the age between three and five, children start to want to explore a little more,
these are the years when the child developing into a child. Once the child begins to shows different
behaviors, parents may see this as aggressive".
When your child start interact with other children in a school setting this period is when they begin
to be primary involved in learning. The beginning of this stage is play, as it helps children explore
their interpersonal skills through initiating activities.
Children begin to plan activities, make up games, and initiate activities with others. When the
opportunity arises children will develop initiative, and they will then feel secure and want to lead
others and make decisions.
The children will
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Child Development Stages 1-19 Analysis
The child's first year is very important, it not only is when the child is doing big things for the first
time but it's when children form a special bond with his/her parents. From the moment the child is
born the parents have a very good indication of who or what they want their child to grow up wether
that's personally wise. Most parents just want their children to be happy and healthy. It is important
to feed the child wholesome and nutritious meals and to look after the child. Not to disrespect it. The
child will go through three main development stages in the first year physical,mental and
intellectual.
The development stage of a 1 year olds physical appearance isn't very different to a new born
appearance. During the first few months ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the first few months a child will learn eat,sleep,talk/make sounds. In the 1st year a child will
learn the gross motor skill, which is the basic motion of When he/ she moves about pretty quickly
by grabbing hold of furniture or other objects. They will also feel the need investigate objects
around them. Anything that will either shake and bang will entertain them and keep them occupied
for hours (L.C.C. 2015). During the first year they will also learn things like feeding
themselves,beginning to scribble with a crayons or pens, covering and uncovering jars or boxes,
tearing up paper and throwing it around, putting items into containers and taking them out again,
turning rotating handles (eg. on a jack–in–the–box toy) and finally playing with items together eg
keys or plastic plates and bowls to create different sounds.The child will be able to find hidden
objects,manipulate items to get a response (shake a maraca, bang the bottom of a bucket. The child
will be able to understand proper use for things as they watch you use things for example they will
learn how a fork or spoon is used because you show them accordingly. As the child grows it will be
able to indefinitely their name and there limbs

Cypop5 Assessment Task 7 Essay
Assessment 7: Understand How to Provide Play and Other Activities for Children in Home–based
Settings That Will Support Equality and Inclusion. Topic 1: Play 5.1: Explain the importance of play
to children's learning and development and the need for an inclusive approach. The relationship
between play and learning seems obvious to many child professionals and parents, and yet there are
still lack of understanding surrounding the importance of children's play. Some people believe that
children need to "work" not play, and that playing serves no useful purpose in a learning and
development environment. This is surprising considering that play, with its high levels of motivation
and potential enjoyment empowers children (as well as people ... Show more content on
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Children's work is their play, and it is vital that adults childminders support and extend children's
play experiences effectively. Inclusive Play: Apart from the importance of play it's essential that
inclusive play is promoted by all child professionals including childminders. The values of Inclusive
are: Every child should be treated as an individual with respect no matter of their social ethnic
background, beliefs, health status or ability. A truer understanding of the world: that there are
similarities and differences between people; the development of attitudes such as tolerance,
appreciation of difference, acceptance of perspectives and perceptions other than their own; To play
as one unit to develop a richer play environment which includes different language and methods of
communication, a wider range and use of play materials. This should help other children to respect
and understanding other children in your care setting. As a childminder it is important to be a
positive role model to teach each child to have a sense of self, self–esteem and positive
reinforcement of their sense of identity; experiences linked to curricular goals, in particular in the
realms of social and emotional development, language development, knowledge and understanding
of the world and citizenship; the ability to exercise their rights under the UN Convention on the
Rights of the Child.

Understanding Child And Young Person Development Essay
Understanding Child and Young Person Development
The sequence and rate of each aspect of development.
I found this topic very interesting and have enjoyed gaining a deeper understanding of how and why
children develop the way they do; also the huge influences that differing factors can have on that
development. As adults we utilise many skills in order to complete any given task, the same applies
to children and because of this overlap of skills , child development is regarded as a holistic event,
where no part of development takes place in isolation from the others.
The sequence of development is the expected order or pattern that the child's development stages
will take as they grow older whereas the rate of development means how ... Show more content on
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Can unbutton their clothes, builds tower of approx. 4 cubes, learnt to scribble, can use a spoon, picks
up tiny objects. Learns that they and their parent(s) are different people and separate from each
other, imitates things and can do simple tasks, indicates their needs or wants without having to cry.
Learn objects for words and people. Can say some words other than 'dada' and 'mama', follows
simple instructions.
Pre–school
2–5 years Can run/hop well, use a pedal tricycle, capable of balancing on one foot.
Buttons own clothes, now builds tower of approx. 8 cubes, copies simple figures/ letters. Happy to
separate easily from parent(s), can dress with help, can clean own hands, joins in communal games
like tag. Understands concepts such as cold, tired and hungry, identifies main colours, perceives
letters and numbers. Can follow directions, can produce simple sentences of two/ three words,
increases in vocabulary, can put names to pictures.
School Age
5–12 Years Can Skip, able to balance on one foot for 10 seconds, tens to overestimates own physical
abilities.
Now draws people with 6 parts, can copy a detailed figure and object. Can act independently but is
still emotionally close to mother and father, will now dress without assistance; join in with same sex
playgroups/clubs. Can now understand concepts of numeracy and literacy, learns that there are
relationships between objects and feelings, gains understanding

Early Childhood, A Stage In Child Development
Early Childhood Introduction:– Early childhood is a stage in human development. Early childhood
is usually defined as the time period from the age of two until the age of six or seven years. It is a
time of significant physical, cognitive, social and emotional development. Infants enter the world
with a partial range of skills. Watching a child develop new motor, language and social skills is a
source of wonder for caregivers. Early childhood is an important time of growth and change. Most
children do not learn in the rest of their lives than they do in early childhood. They are learning new
things all the time. Early childhood follow the infancy stage and begins with ... Show more content
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Adults who are most helpful to young children interact in ways that understand that the child is
learning from the whole experience, not just that part of the experience to which the adult gives
attention The most important process of learning occur between the time periodfrom the birth till the
age of 3, during this developmental period the children learn things more rapidly because brain
develop at high rate. Love, affection, encouragement and mental stimulation from the parents or
guardians of these young children aid in development. At these developmental period children need
vital nutrients and supplements that help their brain to grow properly. Children develop close
relationships with the children they spend a large period of time with. Close relationships with peers
develop strong social connections that can be transferred later in life, even children at an early age
have a preference of whom they want to interact with or form friendships with. Howe's (1983)
research suggested that there are distinctive characteristics of friendships, for infants, toddler and
pre–school aged

Piaget's Development Of The Stages Of Child Development...
Development, whether in language or in cognition determines the level of homeostasis a person is
able to reach, no matter the theory from which we draw our knowledge. Growth and development
are effected by culture, social experiences, modeling and language. Jean Piaget, a Swiss biologist,
was best known for his cognitive – constructivist model focusing on development in stages. He
believed that a person passed through four stages of development during the lifetime through active
participation (Singleton, 2014). Through Piaget's model, no specific age was named for a certain
developmental stage, though he did suggest there was an age that typically emerging children would
reach the milestone (McLeod, 2015). Consequently, a child must reach a certain level of readiness
for gen and ideas to the taught. Central to the Piagetian model was the idea that constructive
learning is vital in the process of discovery as is collaborative and individual activities. While many
psychologists and theorists focused on the growth and development of adults, Piaget was more
interested in the development of children. Linguistic development and prior cognitive development
are thought to be linked according to traditional Piagetian views (Singleton, 2014). Within his model
of development, Piaget believed that cognitive development occurred through equilibrium (the
balance of old and new information) following assimilation (the mental application of schema) and
accommodation (the child's

Developmental Stages Of Child Development
Every child is different, and so is every parent 's experience; but experts have gained a clear idea
about the range of normal development from birth to the time of a person's death. Although most
child development experiences are not going to be the same due to the differentiation between
culture and genetics, there are developmental milestones every child should experience within a
certain range of age. Some of the most apparent factors of a child's developmental stages are
genetics, parenting, experiences, friends and family, education, and culture, or environment. All of
these factors shape and individual life from the earliest years to the later years of life and eventually
death. Although there are multiple developmental stages in one's life, the time span at the age of
two, is one of the most influential times of growth and development for both child and parent. This
stage of life is considered to be in the category of a toddler. The toddler years consists of ages one
through three, but this paper is most concisely focused on a child at the age of two. Because of a
child's growing desire to be independent, this stage is often called the "terrible twos." Even though
this time span of growth sounds as if it is the worst, it can also be the most exciting for both a parent
and a toddler. This developmental stage consist of four major aspects in an individual's lifespan.
Throughout life, a person will endure physical, cognitive, personality and social developmental

Child Development: Laugh & Learn Smart Stages Puppy
The "Toy Paper" is a research paper assignment for Child Development which we are to complete
an in–depth analysis of the usefulness of a specific toy of our choice. The toy itself will be evaluated
by three various stages in relation to cognitive, developmental, social and cultural perspective in
addition to discussing topics which relate to the toy and its possible use by the child. The toy I have
chosen for my topic to write about is the "Laugh & Learn Smart Stages Puppy" which is a toy
designed by Fisher Price for children ranging in age 6 to 36 months it contains 50+ sing along
songs, tunes and phrases. A testimonial by a parent stated, "the interactive components of the puppy
are engaging, the songs are fun and the different levels allow ... Show more content on
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This toy hits many of Piaget's sensorimotor stages of development in a child beginning at age 6MO
sub–stage 3 which was remarkable to me where one toy could assist with secondary circular
reactions, coordination of secondary schemes, tertiary circular reaction and beginning of
representational thought (Bee, Boyd, pg. 140). It is very easy to use for both small children and
more advanced toddlers. I was impressed with the fact it is not a throw away toy after 6 months it
can be used over several years and by multiple family members to assist with growth and
development. After watching the video and reading information on this toy I would strongly
recommend to parents who have children ranging in age 6MO to

Stages of Child Development
Webster's dictionary defines teaching as: "one that teaches; especially: one whose occupation is to
instruct." However, teaching is so much more than that, it is the ability to instruct future generations
yes, but also to aid in the development of the student in all aspects. Some students have a harder
time developing the whole person, meaning that they have a harder time developing the physical,
cognitive, and emotional–social parts of themselves all at the same time and pace. A student
observation of a typical 2nd grade classroom was completed and one child stood out among the rest
in his setting in both of their characteristics and stages of development. In order to protect the rights
of the student, for the length of this paper, the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He ate lunch in the cafeteria and seemed almost tired when he returned to the classroom. Once he
could relax, James' characteristics seemed more on the usual side. Another big aspect in a child's
development is the cognitive side. This shows more of the academic promise of a student and their
learning ability as opposed to their physical or social development. In the case of James, it was
unclear at first of whether he was capable of completing the material given to him. During "solo
time" when the children are required to do the individual work of the day assigned by the teacher,
James was not completing the task at hand but rather taking out a book he was reading for fun and
read that instead. The teacher had to constantly come over to his desk and give him baby steps in
order to complete the necessary assignment. Each time he finished one of the minor and specific
steps given to him by the teacher the book he was not supposed to be reading at that time came out
and he began to read that instead of continuing with the task given by the teacher. When only
observing the student for a very short period of time one might think that James is not up to the
cognitive level of all of the other children on the early stages of Piaget's concrete operational stage.
However, once someone is working very individually with James and keeping him on the
appropriate tasks and giving him the attention necessary he excels

The Principles, Sequences And Stages Of A Child 's Growth...
The principles, sequences and stages of a child 's growth and development. This includes Social
development, Physical Development, Intellectual development and communication development.
Physical development outlines the basic body changes which you begin to develop such as fine
motor skills, which is like writing and so on. This also includes social development, where you will
meet new people everyday and interact with them, and become more involved in the relationships
you will share with others. Emotional development where you will be understanding and learning
how to express your feelings and emotions that you 're experiencing. Intellectual development also
known as cognitive where you begin understanding and learning of new things around you.
Communication development where you will develop your speech skills and learn how to let others
take their turn to speak and voice their opinions.
All children develop in the three areas. Child development is undergoing changes in physical, social,
emotional and cognitive development. Cognitive development is the procedure of actually learning
how to think and getting knowledge and the understanding of how the world works. It 's developing
your memory. This works on developing your problem solving skills. Emotional development, is the
understanding of emotions and how they express themselves. Social development is learning an
understanding of the different skills you need to communicate successfully with others. Physical

Piaget's Three Stages Of Child Development
The environment for the activity would be for one of our facility members to observe the child in
their recess or lunch break. They will pose as a staff member for their school with the permissions of
the board of education to complete our research. Our goal of this activity is to measure a child's
social behavior and if they increase or decrease in social aspects with other kids. Example, sharing
toys, learning how to take turns, communication or the progress in the activity a child enjoys. The
competency the activity intends to measure is the development of a child's social behavior with
other peers. What is involved in this activity is permission with educational board and the child's
family for our facility advisors to monitor ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Other details that are important in understanding how this activity will be carried out is by the
progression of their age. We want to know if anything has changed their learning from right or
wrong or if they develop better in activities they enjoy playing. From this Activity, we will be
paying attention to Piaget's three stages of development from Preoperational Period, Concrete
Operational Period, and Formal Operational
Period. In his theory, children have certain characteristics that a child progress by age. From 2–7,
children develop language and mental imagery, egocentric communication with others, and see if
they start to develop as age progresses. What we want to do is monitor these stages and see if the
children are progressing with their peers or struggling to communicate so they can address it in
counseling and get help. The expected challenges we will have is that this activity is un–
observational. We will not be able to interfere with the child in accordance to bullies. If the situation
is life–threatening, we would than get involved and tell the teacher or authorities depending on the
outcome that is being

Explain Why It Is Important To Understand The Stages Of...
It is important to remember when looking at child and young person development that development
is a learning and holistic process. Each child is unique, they will develop at their own rate and in
their own way. A broad average of when children and young people are expected to reach particular
stages is set out through milestones of development. Some children may reach certain milestones
either in advance or later than other children, this is their rate of development. To give an example
some children may be showing signs of puberty in their last year of primary school where others
may not. It is important to understand this individual rate of development so that staff can offer the
correct support to the child. Extra support maybe required

Erikson 's Stages Of Development And Child Directed Speech
The first two years of a child's life is filled with adventure and learning. Throughout this time period
they will learn to sit up, crawl, walk, talk, amongst many more things. Their psychological
development and interactions with their social environment change along with their forms of
communication as they mature and learn; all of which can be seen and explained in Erikson's stages
of development and child–directed speech.
According to Erik Erikson, a developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst, from birth to 1 year of
age, children psychosocially go through the stage of Trust vs. Mistrust. At this stage infants either
trust they will be taken care of in their basic needs such as physical contact, cleanliness,
nourishment, and warmth or "develop mistrust about the care of others" (Berger, pg. 24, 2014). In
observation one (infant), it was clear that the child trusted his parents, however, it was especially
displayed with his mother. The child's biggest display of trust was when he fell as he ran towards the
playground. He laid there, trusting that his mother would come to his aid and provide his basic
needs. She picked him up, wiped his hands and body, kissed his hands, his face and his stomach.
This instantly brought his crying to an end, he then leaned into his mother as she kissed his head. In
the moment his mother picked him up his needs were met –physical contact, warmth, and
cleanliness. By doing the actions that she did, his mother was showing and promoting

Erikson's Stages Of Child Development
The processes and theories in child development can be taught in classes and explored through
textbooks, but real word observation is essential to truly understanding how significant this
information is in daily life. Each child's development is unique, and subtle differences in life
experiences can dramatically alter their development both positively and negatively. For my
observation, I chose to attend one of my close friends' family nights where her brother and his wife
brought their three young children, ages 8, 3, and 4 months. To get a glimpse both of the two main
stages of human development we've been studying, birth through infancy and early childhood, I got
permission from each parent to observe and write about both their three–year–old daughter and
four–month–old son. To protect their privacy I will refer to the 3 year old girl as Anna and the 4–
month–old baby boy as Adam. Throughout my observation process, I chose not to formally
interview the children, but instead merely observe and participate when needed. At first, there was ...
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When talking with Anna's mother, she described her daughter as "little miss independent". Before
dinner Anna set out placemats for everybody and brought in the food from the kitchen, serving it to
each person. When family members tried to offer their help, she would defensively reply that she
could do it on her own. Additionally later that night, she proudly informed me that she was able to
pick out her own outfit that day, something that she wasn't allowed to do independently until
recently. As she danced around the room in her princess Elsa shirt, tutu, and bight pink leggings, it
was clear her parents are supportive of her choices and let her explore her independence instead of
discouraging her by saying things such as "That doesn't match, you need to

Child Development Stages 0-19
Children's Development from 0 to 19 years
Stages of Child Development:
Age ofChild: | Illustration: | Physical Development | Intellectual /Cognitive Development | Social
Development | Emotional Development | 0 – 3 | | 0–3 Months: * Tries to lift head. * Begins to hold
objects when placed in hand.3–9 Months: * Establishes head control * Begins to sit with support
from about 6 months un–supported.9–18 Months: * Is now very mobile e.g. crawls, bottom–
shuffles, cruises, walks.18 Months – 2 Years: * Walks well and tries to run but has difficulty
stopping.2–3 Years: * Kicks a ball, learns to jump and may learn to somersault. | 0–3 Months: *
Explores by putting objects in mouth. * Recognises its parents.3–9 Months: ... Show more content
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* Shows some awareness of right and wrong.. | 3 – 5 Years: * Uses language more effectively to
communicate with others. * Gradually is able to share group possessions at play group or nursery. | 3
– 5 Years: * Begins to use language to express feelings and wishes. * Still has emotional outbursts,
especially when tired, stressed or frustrated. | 5–7 | | 5 – 7 Years: * Has improved gross motor skills
and coordination so is more proficient at running, jumping, climbing and balancing but may have
some difficulty with hopping and skipping. | 5 – 7 Years: * Is very curious and asks questions. *
Continues to enjoy imaginative and creative play activities. * Develops interest in reading for
themselves. * Enjoys jigsaws & puzzles. | 5 – 7 Years: * Enjoys the company of other children;
may have special friend(s). * Appears confident and competent in abilities. * May copy un wanted
behaviour, e.g. swearing, biting, kicking to gain adult attention. | 5 – 7 Years: * Becomes more
aware of the feelings and needs of others. * Tries to comfort others who are upset, hurt or unwell. *
Using language to express feelings and wishes. * Argues with other children but may take longer to
forgive and forget. | 7 – 1212–16

0-3 Stages Of Child Development
Development stages 0–3 years Physical From 0–3 children develop from babies into the stage of
infancy. For the first three months after birth babies are able to respond the voice of their mother.
Slowly babies then begin to create a strong bond with their mother. They are then able to start using
their main reflexes these reflexes are walking, grasping, Moro and walking. The reflex they are able
to use straight away is the grasping reflex. Babies are then also able to hold on to their mother's
fingers tightly and are soon able to lift up their own weight by using force when gripping to their
mother's fingers. The rooting reflex comes naturally when someone touches babies on the cheek as
they would respond to this by turning heads to the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Skinner was an American psychologist who mostly worked with pigeons and rats to discover some
of the key principles of learning new behaviour. Skinner used a very famous device which is called a
skinner box. The box contains a lever which when pressed released a food pallet into the box so
reinforcing lever presser behaviour. When the rat is placed into the box it will run around, sniff the
different items and will then press the lever which will release a food pallet. After a bit when the rat
has performed the action repeatedly, it will learn that this behaviour (pressing the lever) is
automatically followed by the food pallet being released. There are two types of reinforcement and
they are negative and positive reinforcement. Pavlov evidence based approach Evidence based
approaches are influenced by evidence based on research. Everyday practice can help influence an
evidence based decision. When considering a evidence based approach research and findings need
to be kept up to date with as findings will help show the best possible results and choices. Evidence
based approach at my work setting has shown that children who have attended nursery's during their
early years have developed more social skills as well as behavioural skills and cognitive skills as
these have been developed through their early years at

Bambi Childcare Business Plan Essay
BUSINESS PLAN
Sep 13, 2009
Table of Contents
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY2
1.1 Mission2
2.0 COMPANY SUMMARY2 3.0 SERVICES 3
4.0 MARKET ANALYSIS SUMMARY3
4.1 Market Segmentation4 4.2 Target Market Segment Strategy4 4.3 Competition5
5.0 STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION5
5.1 Sales Strategy5
6.0 HUMAN RESOURCE PLAN6
7.0 LOCATION/FACILITY PLAN15
8.0 INVENTORY MANAGEMENT PLAN17
9.0 FINANCIAL PLAN17
9.1 Expansion Start–up Costs18
9.2 Pro Forma Income Statement20
9.3 Pro Forma Balance Sheet21
9.4 Pro Forma Cash Flow22
10.0 REFERENCES23
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Calgary Bambi Childcare is a full–service child care/development facility that cares for toddlers
from age three months to six years. The Bambi Childcare ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Bambi Childcare will continue to develop the children's skills.
This customer group is typically made up of two professional parents. This would explain why the
parents 1) have the money for more sophisticated child care, and 2) are ambitious in terms of their
children's learning and development. 5.2 Target Market Segment Strategy
Bambi Childcare intends to concentrate on the double income working professional families because
they are the segment that can most willingly afford day care, are the ones who need day care

because of their work obligations, appreciate the advanced learning and development Bambi
Childcare has to offer, and lastly are a growing segment of our society.
With both parents working, this segment needs some sort of provisions for the care of their child.
Having both parents as professionals, they are ambitious with the development of their child and are
willing to pay to get the best program for their prodigy.
As Canada continues to be a society of people working long hours, there will always be the need for
child care. The trend of longer work weeks is increasing and this drives Bambi Childcare's business.
5.3 Competition
There are many different competitors in the child care space. Bambi Childcare only detail the direct,
or reasonably direct competitors, and will not detail the countless of other service providers that
offer some sort of child care option. Bambi Childcare

Lifespan Essay
At 0 months: ARDA sleeps virtually all of the time, only waking when hungry, cold, or wet. He
usually drifts back to sleep toward the end of the feeding. You talk quietly to ARDA during the
feeding, making sure ARDA sees your face a great deal of the time. You try to wake ARDA up for
some parent–baby interaction time. You dance gently around with him in your arms, and talk or sing
out loud. You figure that ARDA needs the sleeping time for brain development so you don't disturb
him. AAt 0 months: After only a week with ARDA, you can already feel a hormonal connection.
When ARDA cries, you begin to lactate!This will increase if you choose to breast feed, but it will
die off gradually if you do not. You want ARDA to be active ... Show more content on
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B At 3 months: Your available funds and living situation are such that you are able to take 6 months
to a year off from work or work part–time at home and hire a babysitter when needed.
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– You will use several family members
as babysitters. You will use primarily one family member as a babysitter. You'll use a highly
recommended woman with grown children as a babysitter. B At 3 months: ARDA is getting more
curious about the world around him. You still want to be careful about germs, so you avoid
introducing ARDA to new people. You buy ARDA some new baby toys and watch how he plays
with them. You bring ARDA along to visit several new people (relatives and friends). AAt 3
months: ARDA is fussy on rare occasions after meals, but most of the time is relaxed and content.
You continue with just breast/bottle feeding and wait a couple more months before introducing solid
food. Since ARDA is tolerating feedings well, introduce some solid foods, while maintaining the
breast/bottle as his main source of food. Introduce food from the family's dinner, blended or pureed.
AAt 8 months: It has become clear that ARDA shows a preference for you over others (especially
when distressed), with your partner a close second. How will your partner become a stronger
attachment figure for ARDA? ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Top of

Stages Of Child Development Essay
Child development is all apart of a life cycle. The life cycle defines pathways for individuals as they
age from birth to death. Child development is an interesting topic to observe. Anyone who is around
or care for children cannot help but to notice the rapid growth from infancy to adulthood. Those
without children can recognize the rapid growth also, because he or she was once a child.
"Childhood has thus been identified as a stage of life, associated with chronological age, located
between infancy and youth, and including adolescence" (Burke 4). Children go through periods of
development as they grow up in life, and they also participate in their own development and
learning. Childhood is generally considered to be a natural biological stage of development (Burke
1). In each stage there are multiple changes in the development of the brain. Studies show that child
development processes through three stages; early childhood, late childhood, and adolescence. The
beginning stage in child development is early childhood. "Early childhood is defined as the period
from birth to five years old. This is the time in which the brain grows; these years lay the foundation
for subsequent learning and development" (Mott 1). While the structure of the brain is determined
biologically and develops during the prenatal stage, the connections within the brain that are critical
in laying the foundation for all later development result from the child 's interaction with his or her
human

Child Development Stages
As children grow towards adolescence they go through many stages of development. Child
development refers to the stages of physical, cognitive, emotional, social, and language growth that
occurs from the birth to beginning of adulthood. All aspects of a child's development may be
affected by many different factors, including a poor learning environment, lack of social interaction,
cultural background differences, abuse, and loss of a parent. All of the before mentioned examples
can affect the child's maturation, "a biological growth process that enables orderly changes in
behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience" (Myers 172). Children grow and mature at very
different rates, some faster than others, which is why it is necessary ... Show more content on
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Taking care of someone who has been hurt, showing appropriate behavior in any situation,
expressing gratitude, and sharing feelings are all examples of how a child develops emotionally.
Like any type of skill, young children develop these abilities in small steps over time. Factors
outside of the daycare setting can hinder and delay emotional development, but it is still important
for the child to be exposed to a positive social setting in order to progress emotionally. Social
development "involves learning the values, knowledge and skills that enable children to relate to
others effectively and to contribute in positive ways to family, school, and the community"
(kidsmatter.edu). While "Piaget emphasized that a child's mind grows through interaction with the
physical environment, Lev Vygotsky", a Russian psychologist, "emphasized that a child's mind
grows through interaction with the social environment" (Meyers 179). Vygotsky believed that social
factors, mainly language, contributes to a child's cognitive development. While both theories may be
right, a strong balance of the two would be most influential in a child's development. Children gain a
sense of who they are through their relationships with friends and family. As these important factors
help them develop socially, children still respond to the influences around them and "play an active
part in shaping their relationships" (kidsmatter.edu). By

Four Stages Of Jean Piaget's Model Of Child Development
Swiss biologist and psychologist Jean Piaget 1896–1980 is renowned for constructing a highly
influential model of child development and learning (Professional Development through Distance
Education). Piaget's theory is based on the idea that the developing child builds cognitive structures–
in other words, mental "maps," schemes, or networked concepts for understanding and responding
to physical experiences within his or her environment. Piaget further attested that a child's cognitive
structure increases in sophistication with development, moving from a few innate reflexes such as
crying and sucking to highly complex mental activities. Piaget's theory identifies four
developmental stages and the processes by which children progress through them. Piaget proposed
four stages of cognitive development which reflect the increasing sophistication of children's
thought are Sensorimotor stage birth to age two, a Pre–operational stage from age two to age seven,
Concrete operational stage from age seven to age eleven, and Formal operational stage age eleven
and up or adolescence and adulthood.
Key Points
The four stages are sensorimotor stage birth two years old. The child, through physical interaction
with his or her environment, builds a set of concepts about reality and how it works. This is the
stage where a child does not know that physical objects remain in existence even when out of sight
object permanence. Preoperational stage ages are two to seven (Funderstanding Education

Essay on Main Stages of Child Development from Birth to 19...
Main stages of child development from birth to 19 years
1. From birth to 19 years of age, children and young people tend to follow a broad developmental
plan. Although children and young people are different, the way they grow and develop is often
quite similar. This means we can work out a pattern for development and from this we can pinpoint
particular skills or milestones that most children can do at different age ranges. Milestones describe
when particular skills are achieved, such as walking, usually achieved by 18 months. These
milestones have been draw up by researchers looking at children's development and working out an
average from their recordings. However as children grow older the variations between individuals
grow ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Babies who are staring to relax at bath time or when their nappies are changed. Fleeting smiles when
asleep (smiles of contentment begin from five or six weeks. Coos when content (from around five or
six weeks)
Babies at Three months Babies at three months have now grown in both height and weight. They are
wearing new sets of clothes and have changed in many ways. Some babies have learned the
difference between night and day and are able to sleep through the night, which is great help for
parents. Babies are also crying less and most parents are getting better at knowing at what their cries
mean. Babies are starting to sleep a little less and are far more alert. They may smile quite often and
show that they know the sound of their parents' voices and movements. Babies' bodies are also
developing. They are able to lift their heads up and look about when they are put on their tummies.
These are things you may expect to observe in a baby at 3 months:–
Physical Development Babies who lift and turn their heads Interest in play with fingers
Communication and Intellectual Development Excitement when it is time to be fed Babies who are
starting to notice mobiles and objects around them
Social, Emotional and behavioural

The Piaget's Theory Descibes Stages Of Child Development
1) Piaget's Theory The Piage's Theory descibes stages of the child development, including the actual
abilities, that the child gains from infancy through the period of adulthood. According to Piaget, this
includes thinking, learning and learning. There are four stages of development, related to the
Piaget's Theory: sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, and formal operations.
Furthermore, Piaget mentioned that children may show characteristics that are related to the certain
stage at a certain point of time. However, he insisted on the fact that development of every child is
followed by this definite consistency. Sensimotor Stage of child development is presented be the
period when the child is focused on the things that can actually be seen, on what the child can do
and on the way how to cooperate with the world around them. Children do not know how to react on
the things that surround them, as a result, they may put them in the mouth, shake these things
whether throw them. The end of this stage is presented by early development of the language.
Preoperational Stage is the period when the child develop one's memory, language and imagination.
It becomes easier for them to recognize the contrast between the events that happened in past, as a
result, they more clearly understand the term of future. However, the way, in which the ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Short–term memory may hold in mind a minor part of the information in general, that stays in mind
for a short period of time. An example of the working memory may be the case when the person
reads a book and when reads up to the end of the page, has to hold the information that was
mentioned at the beginning of it in order to understand the main meaning. As to me, it may be an
issue and, sometimes, I have to reread one page in order to remember the primary information of

The Creative Curriculum Essay
Creative curriculum
I. Introduction: Creative curriculum A.) Description of what is Creative Curriculum
II. Theories and research behind Creative Curriculum A.) Maslow B.) Erikson C.) Piaget D.)
Smilansky E.) Vygotsky F.) Gardner
III. How children learn and develop A.) Areas of development 1.) Social/Emotional 2.) Physical 3.)
Cognitive 4.) Language B.) Individual differences
IIII. The learning environment A.) Setting and maintaining the classroom B.) Establishing a
structure for each day C.) Creating a classroom community
V. What the children learn A.) Literacy (Reading) B.) Math C.) Science (Discovery) D.) The Arts
(Art, Dance, Dramatic play, Music)
VI. Teacher's role
VII. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The creative curriculum classroom is a community. In the creative curriculum classroom, instruction
is based on observing and developing what the children say and do. Based on Vygotsky's term zone
of proximal development (ZPD), creative curriculum teachers provide learning experiences that are
challenging enough to move children to a higher level of learning, not so challenging as to frustrate
them. Creative curriculum teachers facilitate growth and development of all children in the class and
create a classroom environment in which their own effectiveness can be affirmed.(Colker) The
creative curriculum applies Gardner's theory by showing teachers how to provide opportunities for
each child to pursuer his or her special talents and to demonstrate areas of strength. In
Creative curriculum
keeping with Gardner's notion of interpersonal and intra personal intelligences, the curriculum gives
learning social skills the same level of importance as learning content. It includes plenty of physical
activity and choices to explore nature, along with traditional academics. The first component of the
creative curriculum is how children develop and learn. The preschool years are a special time in the
life of a young child. They gain independence, self–control, learn to take initiative, and assert
themselves in socially acceptable ways. At the same time, they become keen observers of their
world and

Piaget's Four Stages Of Child Development
The first theorist I have chosen to touch upon is Jean Piaget who was born on August 9th, 1896 in
Neuchâtel, Germany. As a boy, Piaget was infatuated with the sciences and began studying mollusks
in his late childhood. Although his mother, Rebecca Jackson, discouraged Piaget's work, his father,
Arthur Piaget, showed extreme interest in Piaget's studies. Piaget began attending high school at the
age of 11 and continued to write more about his scientific findings. By the time Piaget was in his
teens, his works were widely published and many regarded him with great respect despite the fact
that they were unaware of the boys age. Piaget went on to study zoology and obtained his Ph.D.
while also taking the time to study under the famous psychologists ... Show more content on
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Between each milestone existed an adaptation phase in which the child is able to apply what they
already know to what they will need to know for future stages. There are four stages of Piaget's
cognitive–developmental theory which consist of sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational,
and formal operational. The sensorimotor stage occurs from birth to 2 years of age and is
characterized by the infant beginning to explore the world and tying together sensory information
with motor skills while acquiring an understanding of objects continuing to exist, even when not
present (object permanence). In the preoperational stage, occurring between 2 and 7 years, the child
begins to develop language skills through use of symbols such as words and images and views
themselves as being the center of everything (egocentrism). Illogical thinking is still evident. In the
concrete operational phase, lasting from 7 to 11 years, the child's reasoning becomes increasingly
more logical and he or she begins to understand the idea of conservation after change in

5 Stages Of Child Development : 5 Stages Of Human Development
There are 5 stages of human development the first one being Infancy. Infancy lasts approximately
from birth to two years and is where a large amount of early learning occurs in the infant's
development. This learning can be influenced by environmental cues for example a parent's
behaviour. It is within this time period that basic skills are mastered for example crying, nursing,
co–ordination and developing the ability of using words to identify images and objects. At this stage
in the child's life the parents are an important influence. It is especially common for children
between the ages of 7 and 9 months to get upset when they are separated from their primary
caregiver. This is known as attachment where the child and caregiver ... Show more content on
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Although the order of many of the changes appears to be general, the timing and the speed of the
change can vary among each individual. Both the characteristics of an individual (e.g. sex) and
external factors (e.g. an abusive environment, inadequate nutrition) can influence these changes.
During the adolescent years, important neuronal developments also take place. These developments
are linked to hormonal changes however they are not always dependent on them. Developments are
taking place in different regions of the brain, such as the limbic system which is responsible for the
emotional responses and sleep regulation. At the same time as these developments, changes are also
occurring in the pre–frontal cortex, which is the area responsible for decision making, organisation
and impulse control. Although these changes both occur in adolescence, these changes in the pre–
frontal cortex happen later on than the limbic system changes. Physical development refers to the
different biological changes that a child will experience as they get older. There are important
aspects that determine the progress of physical development in infancy which include both physical
and brain changes, the development of reflexes, motor skills, sensations, perceptions, health issues
and learning skills. Piaget recognised that infants learn about their world by interacting with it
through their senses and therefore made infancy his "Sensorimotor" stage. Infants don't

Piaget's Stages Of Child Development
1. Tim is most likely withdrawn because of his traumatic experience as a young child. From the start
of Tim's life, he is already predisposed to an idea of abandonment with the type of relationship he
had with his birth mother the first few years of his life. Tim's mother going into the role of more so a
sibling than parental figure most likely set the stage for these ideas of the instability of relationships.
Though he was successful with his grandma, the household dynamic was set up in a confusing way
for a young child. Without the full understanding of the situation and these dynamics, left Tim to
come up with his own idea of his role in the family. According to Piaget's stages of cognitive
operations, at this time in Tim's life he would ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is noted in the case study, that Tim wondered if his mother and grandmother left him because he
was "too naughty." From this idea, in Tim's mind he needs to overcompensate for these failures and
be better for his new family. Yet, in reality he has done nothing wrong. This goes back to the idea of
cognitive development and how this can affect a child. Moreover, the shyness and nail biting that
Tim is exhibiting are signs of anxiousness. This anxiousness comes from his internal idea of how he
views himself in school. Furthermore, Tim is potentially worried about the reaction of others in his
classroom if he were to try to start a friendship with them. An aspect of self–evaluation is comparing
themselves to their peers and obtaining a personal reflection of oneself in relation to others
(Hutchison, 2013, p. 560) Still, from this self–evaluation, internal and external frames of reference
are both at play. By constantly being alone and isolating himself from others, one can come to the
conclusion why Tim would consider himself bad. His role in relation to others as somewhat an
outsider, could cause him to further play into these ideas of himself. These thoughts stem from his
own personal perception of himself and how he fits in along with everyone

Cyp 3.2 Essay
CYP Core 3.2 Promote child and young person development. 1.1 Explain the factors that need to be
taken into account when assessing development. 1.3 Explain the selection of the assessment
methods used Assessing children and young people's needs has to be done sensitively and
accurately. There are a number of factors to be considered. * Confidentiality and consent *
Children's wishes and feelings * Ethnic, linguistic and cultural background * Disability or specific
requirements * Reliability of information * Avoiding bias * Open and closed recording methods *
Mixing methods of observation, technique, ways of collection When assessing a child you must be
careful to take into account ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Observation techniques Different observation techniques help to focus the observation so
appropriate data is collected and presented in meaningful ways. * Anecdotal – This is a written
narrative that tells the story as it happens. Observations can be of planned activities, but spontaneous
observations can show surprising things about a child's development that might never be seen. *
Schedules – It is helpful to research the area of development before observing. A pre–planned
development checklist helps to focus the observation, but can be limited unless individual details are
recorded. * Charts and Pictograms – Charts and pictures can present observation data in colourful
ways to make your portfolio appear more interesting. * Time sampling – Observations of children
are recorded at fixed regular intervals of time to note what is happening at that moment. For
example children's play during a morning can be recorded every 15 minutes. * Event sampling–
Observations focus on particular events to build up a pattern of a child's behaviour over a period of
days or weeks. For example to discover what provokes tantrums, or how a child reacts to leaving
their carer at the start of each day in nursery. * Target child – A series of observations to give a
picture of an individual child's holistic development. A baby will change rapidly during your time in
placement and a longitudinal study of a child's development over several months is fascinating.

Exposure To Prenatal Distress
It has been said that exposure to prenatal maternal stress can have lifelong consequences resulting in
problems with child cognitive development and motor skills as young as the age of 16 months. The
researchers that conducted this study hypothesized that the severity of objective hardship and
subjective stress reactions would predict different aspects of child development.
U70100955 S17
They anticipated that relationships with child development would be moderated by timing and sex.
And lastly, they hypothesized that a cascade of maternal stress reactions would link flood exposure
with child development, with higher flood exposure related to worse development. In order to be
eligible for this study, participants were part of the QF2011 already; ... Show more content on
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The participants were tested and asked questions on their reactions to the flooding using a five–point
scale ranging from 0 (not at all true) to 4 (extremely true). Parenting stress was also measured 16
months after the child was born using the Parenting Stress Index which is a 36–item questionnaire
that measures stress within the parent– child system and three subscales. The Parental Distress
subscale measures perceived competence, conflict, social support and role stress. The Parent–Child
Dysfunctional Interaction subscale (PSIDI) measures the extent to which the child meets the parent's
expectations, and the level of reward associated with interactions. The Difficult Child subscale
measures the parent's perception of the child's temperament, compliance and demands. The last
measure tested was child development. The Cognitive and Motor scales of the Bayley Scales of
Infant Development were administered to children at 16 months of age by researchers who were
unaware to the mother's stress

Jean Piaget's Stages Of Child Development
It is no question that a child's early development is largely influenced by the environment around
them and how they are able to internalize it. The human lifespan is divided into four main stages,
each entailing developmental benchmarks to be met. Each person carries an ego that is developed by
our responses to common conflict and crises. I believe the four stages explained by Swiss
psychologist Jean Piaget can result in a very healthy development if reached successfully, and that
despite our predetermined characteristics, the ego is largely developed through the exploration of
various environment and social interactions.
The sensorimotor stage includes the first two years of life as children begin to gain an understanding
of common concepts, such as object permanence. The goal of this stage is for the child to learn how
to make mental representations of physical objects, regardless of the object's visibility. A child must
reach the cognitive stage of symbolic thought in order to conceptually grasp how an object may still
exist when they cannot directly see it. To test or exercise a child's understanding of object
permanence, one may remove a toy from a child's hand and place it under a blanket in front of them.
If the child is to show signs of confusion ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Egocentrism being a child's lack of ability to put themselves in other's shoes, it is important to guide
a child to understand that what they feel is also felt by those around them. This skill can be
developed through reading socio emotional books with a child and asking them questions about their
immediate impression of a character's language or behavior. Failure to outgrow egocentrism
between the ages of two and seven can result in an unhealthy outlook later in life that prevents one
from displaying healthy levels of compassion and

Erik Erikson’s Stages of Child Development Essay
Erik Erikson presented eight stages of human development, which last throughout an entire life–
span. Throughout each developmental stage, each developmental task presents a catastrophe for the
individual. Erikson defined catastrophe as "a turning point of increased vulnerability and enhanced
potential" (Santrock 73). Each of Erikson's developmental stages is presented in such a way that the
negatives and positives are clearly defined. Although there are eight developmental stages, five
pertain to a child's development. The first stage, which occurs during the first year of life, is labeled
as trust versus mistrust. Trust is developed when the caregiver is nurturing which gives the child a
feel of comfort. When a child receives ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As a child gains initiative, the child is then most likely in middle to late childhood and experiencing
a developmental stage Erikson called industry versus inferiority. At this stage, children master
knowledge and educational skills with the help of an elementary school classroom. If children
believe that they are not mastering skills at a level as same as their peers, children may develop a
sense of inferiority which may also hinder the educational experience throughout a child's entire life.
When a child passes through Erikson's fourth stage and into adolescence, the child experiences a
stage identified as identity versus identity confusion. Identity versus identity confusion is the final
stage that affects a child's development. Children at this stage are searching for their own identities
through many avenues to identify themselves in the way they feel. A child at this age should be able
to search out his or her own identity because; if the child is constrained in anyway the child may
become identity confused. Identity confusion is caused when a child fails to choose any one identity
but instead chooses several to identify his or her self. With the eight stages of Erik Erikson's
developmental theory, five occur between birth and twenty years old that affect a child's
development greatly. Every person throughout life experiences each stage within Erikson's theory
whether the outcome is negative or positive however, if the

Discuss The Four Stages Of Play In Child Development
If you wanted to know exactly how many different stages of play existed in child development, the
answer would vary depending on which developmentalist you ask. Mildred Parten says that a child
goes through four different stages between infancy and kindergarten whereas Jean Piaget feels that
children go through only three stages from infancy to primary school and Sara Smilansky says that
there are four stages from infancy to primary school. Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky and Daniil
Elkonin did not focus on their studies generically on the stages of play, but specifically the levels of
make–believe play Elkonin and Vygotsky agreed that children develop four levels of imaginary play
between toddlerhood and primary school. While none of these developmentalists could agree on
how many stages of play occurred during early childhood, they could all agree that play is an
important aspect to child development, physically, emotionally, socially, and cognitively. ... Show
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Play builds strength and stamina. Beginning in infancy, children try to gain physical control of their
proximodistal extremities, such as their arms or legs. To to this, infants strive to reach for
manipulatives. Play also drives the child to explore, discover and master skills. Running, jumping,
climbing, throwing balls, and riding bikes, not only develops gross motor skills, but also develops
perceptual–motor coordination.
Emotionally, students learn to overcome their fears and anxieties. In fact, some therapists even use
play therapy as a way to help students overcome a traumatic event or situation that occurred in their
life. Play can also help students resolve conflicts within themselves. Students can also learn new
ways to express their emotions. When at play, children feel in control of the environment around

Understand Child and Young Persons Development 0-19 Essay...
MARCIA MCKENZIE Unit – 506 Level 5 CYP | Units Criteria | ''We are moulded by and re–
moulded by those who have loved us; and though the love may pass, we are nevertheless their work
for good or ill'' ( Francois Mairlac) 1. Explain the sequence of development that would normally be
expected in children and young people from birth to –19 years.Children have certain basic, physical
and psychological needs and if these needs are not met then growth psychological developmental
will be distorted in many ways. Everyone needs shelter, food, water, warmth and not to mention
grooming and hygiene, activities which are laid down in Maslow's hierarchy of basic need. If they
are neglected or unfulfilled then this will have ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2.3 Explain how theorise of development and frame works to support Development. Family and
Social Relationships:How stable and affectionate is the young person's relationship with parents,
staff, peers, as manager I would analyse if the interaction is of age appropriate with peers and other
significant persons in the child's lifeTheir understanding of the way in which appearance, behaviour
and any impairment are perceived by the outside world will be addressed. Their appropriateness
regarding dress for their age and gender. Their personal hygiene and cleanliness routine will also
addressed. And finally, an overview of their placement with us, their behaviour, and concerns any
future recommendations. Educational needs will be assessed and how they respond to this, and their
capabilities.Fairbridge is a government run initiative where it promotes young people to make life
changes regarding their own lives. It offers life skills, along with activities to enhance their
communications and listening skills. Fairbridge will also do exercises, which incorporate trust along
with integration with other young people with the same background.The child's growing sense of
self as a separate and valued individual person. Their own views of self–image and self–esteem. If
their self–worth is how a lot of work will be undertaken by the team to ensure it is boosted. Race,
religion, age, gender, sexuality and disability may contribute to this feeling of

Expected Pattern of Development
Understanding the expected development for children and young persons from birth to 19? Explain
the sequence and rate of development from birth to 19 years:– Emotional and social development
Emotional development is the expected pattern of a Childs ability to feel and express and increa
vsing range of emotions. Social and behavioural development is the expected growth pattern of a
child's ability to relate to the world around them. There are various theories and models that show
the different aspects of the development stages. I have combined these and below is my
understanding of these. Birth–3 years At this stage a baby is trying to develop an attachment to the
primary care giver, because of the limited language skills a baby posses it ... Show more content on
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Children of this age concentrate more on their peer groups and less on what their care givers think.
Towards the later age they start to understand what it is to be part of a social society. 16–19 years At
this stage in a young person's life intelligence and communication skill are at a peak, they have
made a decision to go onto further education or have decided that they would feel more comfortable
concentrating their skills on a work environment. Young person's at this stage are fully aware of
their standing within their communities and hold themselves accountable within those communities
and wider a field in society. Physical aspect of development:– Physical development is the
explanation of the development of the body and its functions; below is an explanation of physical
development from 0–19 years of age. 0–2 years At this age they start to grow rapidly, they learn to
crawl and walk, and they start learning a few words and noises. They can start eating on their own
with a knife and fork, learn to do new things such as kicking and throwing a ball, start scribbling
using a pen, climb up and down the stairs and can sort shapes in a shape sorter. They can turn pages
and knobs of doors and are able to pedal a tricycle. Some skills using

The Five Stages Of Child Development
There are five areas of development that children undergo as they grow to be young adults:
Physical: learn to move and use their body, gross motor skills and fine motor skills Intellectual:
learn to think, use memory and solve problems. Language: refers to language usage, also includes
sign language Social: the way children learn to play and work with other children and adults
Emotional: express and control feelings 0–3 years Physical Physical development is very fast during
early years. Babies start from grabbing things to rolling over their back or stomach, then crawling
and eventually by 12 months most babies start to walk, sit and stand without support. They start to
pick up small objects and explore them with their mouth. In the second year they gain more control
over their body. They can run, throw, paint scribble with a pencil, climb stairs and kick a ball. They
are able to use ride on toys. They can feed themselves and use the cutlery properly. But by the age of
three they are more confident in drawing with a pencil because they have more wrist control. They
can walk for longer and not use the pushchair as much. They can put their cloths on by themselves.
They develop better hand and eye coordination and fine motor skills. Intellectual/Cognitive From
birth babies are very aware of their surroundings. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They spend more time with peers. At this stage they are going through both physical and mental
transition, their body begins to change which can affect their self–esteem and confidence. Peer
pressure can become a significant influence on them. Emotional changes take place due to puberty
such as mood swings. Parent child conflicts may increase. At this stage they might find themselves
attracted more towards the opposite sex and develop strong feelings. They will start to become
strong opinionated which could lead to disagreements and they will find it hard to forgive and

Analyzing The Three Stages Of Child Development
Once the child begins his or her school journey, a preschool in the case of my friend's child,
socialization skills must continue by learning from the teacher or teachers. Per Lise Fox and
Rochelle Harper Lentini on the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC)
website, "in thinking about how to teach social skills systematically, teachers need to be aware of the
three stages of learning (Bailey & Wolery 1992). The first stage is skill acquisition–the skill is
introduced to the child; the second stage is fluency–the child has learned the skill and can use it
easily, and the final stage of learning is skill maintenance and generalization–the child can use the
skill over time and in new situations. Once teachers become ... Show more content on
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First, in regards to families and children in relation to society, I will encourage young children's
social and emotional development by teaching them the rules of the center and how to follow them,
how to understand the needs of others, and how both positive and negative actions affect others.
Teaching these to the young children in my care, and working with their parents as to how they also
can teach their children, will help their sons and daughters grow into productive and socially
acceptable adults. Secondly, I must understand the theories of socialization. For example, I need to
understand Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory. Knowing the five systems of
Bronfenbrenner's theory – the microsystem, the mesosystem, the exosystem, the microsystem, and
the chronosystem, will allow me to understand human development from childhood to adulthood.
Moreover, knowing this theory will also help me to understand how a child's environment, and the
people or organizations involved in their environment, encourage a child's growth and development.
Lastly, understanding child development will give me the knowledge needed to prepare and provide
the best environment for quality care at my center, and gain the ability to teach and interact with
each child within the different age groups. Knowing what is typical child development at a certain
age is important when planning my environment yet, I also need to know how to make changes to
accommodate individual children who may be ahead or behind in his or her development. Knowing
child development also will help me to provide activities that challenge the children just enough to
progress without frustrating them. Furthermore, understanding and knowing child development will

Development Stages of a Child
According to Freud, the child develops socially through a series of 'psychosexual stages' e.g. oral,
anal, phallic, latency and genital. The first three psychosexual stages are focused on more as they
span the important first five years in which the id, ego and superego develop. Fixation, when libido
(sexual pleasure drive) is locked into a stage, determines personality and is caused by either
frustration or overindulgence. If a child is fixated in the oral stage for example, as a result of
frustration, the adult will be characterised as envious, pessimistic and sarcastic. Freud believed
normal development occurs when a child does not fixate on a stage. According to Erikson, the child
develops socially as they pass through eight developmental stages, referred to as psychosocial
stages, which are each characterised by a psychological crisis. The psychological crisis must be
resolved in each stage before the child can move on to the next. Each stage also has two possible
outcomes e.g. negative or positive and it is successfully completing each stage that results in a
healthy personality and sense of self. Failing to complete a stage means the ability to complete
further stages is reduced and personality and sense of self can become negative and unhealthy.
According to Kohlberg, children develop socially by developing a sense of right, wrong and justice.
There are six stages of moral development which are divided into 3 categories e.g. premoral and
preconventional stages,

Basic Normal Stages of Child Development Essay example
Basic Normal Stages of Child Development This section is a brief overview of child development
looking at children from birth to the age of five. It is easiest show this information as part of a table
as it enables us to compare different parts of a child's development along side each other. It is also
very important to realise that the ages and time frames shown in the table have been taken from the
average ages and would not be cause for concern if a child developed slightly slower than shown in
the table bellow. Physical and Language Emotional Social Birth to 1 month: The child generally
needs feeding at least five times a day and sleeps for about twenty hours every ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The child should now be able to recognise and depict a known care giver from a stranger. Is
beginning to expect feeding dressing and bathing. 7 to 9 months: The child now has gained the basic
control of his trunk and hands, Can sit without support and is comfortable crawling about An
emotional bond develops between the child and parent, the child may protest separation from parent
The child enjoys attention and enjoys playing simple games such as "peek–a–boo" 10 to 12 months:
The child develops an ability to control both legs and feet and can now develop a pincer grip. Can
now imitate sounds and respond to simple commands, should be able to say a few simple words
Emotional development continues as the child starts to understand the feelings of fear and curiosity.
Can now be responsive to own name and can give and take objects, and can play slightly more
complex games 1 to 1 ½ years: Can walk for about 10 minutes at a time and can crawl up and down
stairs, can make lines with crayons. May start to show signs of a will for dependant behaviour, may
become very upset when separated from a parent and may have

Characteristics Of A High Quality Program
When researching early childhood programs, it's important to look for characteristics of a high
quality program. Components and characteristics of a high–quality program include, but are not
limited to: a curriculum that is developmentally appropriate; teachers with adequate training; a safe
environment; small group size and low adult to child ratios; and communication between parents
and teachers (Schuyler Center for Analysis and Advocacy, 2012). Developmentally appropriate
curriculum means using knowledge about child development to create a program that is suitable for
the age and stage of development of the group of children you are teaching. At the same time, your
program considers the needs of each individual child" ("Developmentally ... Show more content on
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Rooms should be organized for the safety and supervision of all children. Materials that are age–
appropriate should be safe, and accessible to the children. Adequate staff must be available to meet
and ensure that all needs are met appropriately. High–quality programs should accommodate for
indoor and outdoor play, and space for active and quiet play. Activities should allow for gross motor
development, and provide safe surfaces for the children in case of falls or accidents. To meet the
needs for emotional safety, staff should be understanding to the anxiety felt by both child and parent
after separation, and help to ease this anxiety. Consistent schedules and clear expectations of staff
and an age–appropriate environment will help to settle the child into the program, and provide a
feeling of safety. The National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) has
described a high–quality program as providing a "safe, nurturing environment that promotes the
physical, social, emotional and cognitive development of young children while responding to the
needs of families."
Early childhood education and interventions have various benefits for children. Experimental
evidence has proven that program intensity matters, and that early intervention home–visit programs
support cognitive development benefits with an intensity level of three visits per week (Powell &
Grantham–McGregor, 1989; Ramey & Ramey, 1998). In one study in particular, it was

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