Faster Cures For All
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This document discusses how distributed computing and crowdsourcing could accelerate biomedical research and drug discovery. It notes that while medical advances in the last century greatly increased life expectancy, many diseases still lack cures. Traditional drug development takes a long time and has a high failure rate. The author proposes that empowering millions of people to participate in biomedical research through online gaming platforms like Fit2Cure could help address this challenge by leveraging vast computing power and human problem-solving abilities. Fit2Cure gamifies protein folding and drug design so players can make real contributions to science while having fun. In the future, such platforms may enable personalized medicine by linking to individuals' genomic data, remote controlled labs, and even at-
Faster Cures For All
- 1. Faster Cures For All Geoffrey H. Siwo Co-Founder Fit2Cure Lurie Medical Research Center Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- 2. A century of exponential progress in Health
- 3. In 100 years, Life expectancy increased 100%
- 4. 93% reduction in child mortality
- 5. Time from bench to bedside much shorter
- 6. ~200 years since discovery of scurvy-lemon juice association to implementation
- 7. Faster time to clinic, last 100 years
- 8. But….
- 9. 7 million children die before age of 5
- 11. Bench to bedside still takes too long
- 12. 17 years $1 Billion 90% Failure
- 14. We don’t even have data for most of these diseases
- 15. Cystic Fibrosis
- 16. >95% of diseases have no cures
- 17. Most medicines don’t work in most people Allen Roses, GSK VP Genetics
- 18. Why?
- 19. Human Genetic Diversity is Massive
- 22. Current system can’t cope
- 23. We must empower millions to be part of discovery
- 24. Can we really? What if we do? Are we ready for it? Is our policy ready for it?
- 25. Can we?
- 26. ~3 billion people online by end of this year
- 29. What if each computer/ mobile was a lab?
- 31. … in Africa 2003: Undergraduate in Africa doing computational modeling of HIV on a pay-to-go computer 2003 to 2005: organized Bioinformatics training for fellow students 2010: Students in 2003 group organize First Virtual Bioinformatics Conference in Africa
- 32. …in USA • 15 year old Jack Andraka develops pancreatic cancer test: 100 times more sensitive and 28 times cheaper
- 33. Even more complex experiments will be possible
- 35. Virtual Heart- Cardiod project • Near-cellular resolution Real-time simulation of the electrophysiology of the human heart
- 36. Virtual Brain
- 37. These complex experiments will come to your computer
- 39. Everywhere
- 40. 628,000 members 2.5 million devices 796,000 years of computing
- 41. Something from the Nobel prize in Chemistry 2013
- 43. >Half a billion people play computer/ video games for at least 1 hour a day
- 44. Why not solve science problems in games?
- 46. Fit2Cure A lab and a scientist on every computer
- 47. Computers are incredibly fast, accurate and stupid. Human beings are incredibly slow, inaccurate and brilliant. Together they are powerful beyond imagination
- 48. With Co-Founders Ian Sander and Victoria Lam
- 49. Drug discovery pipeline Identify disease Isolate protein involved in disease (2-5yrs) Foldit Find a drug effective against disease protein (2-5yrs) Fit2Cure Preclinical Testing (1-3yrs) Formulation & Scale-up FILE IND: Human clinical trials (2-10yrs) FILE NDA: FDA approval (2-3yrs)
- 50. Game interface
- 51. Competition! + Social Impact Compete with friends! In the future: For our top scoring players, we will be donating (real) money to an approved research center or rare & neglected disease institute of your choosing, and in your name.
- 52. Emergent patterns in play trace • Expectation-maximization (EM) based mining of player data -user interface design - novel scientific insights
- 53. Players can do real science! Time (Mins) HIV-1 Protease
- 55. Design your medicine in future
- 56. Connecting Fit2Cure to Your Genetics: Fit2CureMyDisease • Fit2Cure links personal genome data from the company 23andMe • Fit2Cure can alert you when you are playing with a protein in which you have mutations or allergic drug reactions
- 57. Print your own medicine
- 59. Or send to robot scientists online to make it and mail it to you
- 60. Remote controlled chemistry lab
- 61. Hypothesis generating and testing robot scientists
- 62. Adam- The Robot Scientist • Adam designed hypotheses, experiments and tested them to discover function of novel yeast genes
- 63. Who owns the discoveries?
- 64. Who decides which disease should be studied first?
- 65. Should players be compensated?
- 66. What if players design dangerous chemical from game?
- 67. Discoveries are going to happen faster than policy
- 68. What are the challenges?
- 69. • Fast discovery will outpace our ability to build policy • Policy must anticipate, there will be no time • Central regulation will be extremely difficult since tools will be available to many
- 70. What are the opportunities?
- 71. • Allow millions to engage in experimentation in what affects them • Democratized and rapid discovery • Realistic simulations of your own health (Personalized medicine) • Preparing the world for an unknown pandemic