Fdm ask and twested pair
- 2. A form of amplitude modulation process. Represents digital data as variations in the amplitude of a carrier wave. Imparts to a sinusoid, two or more discrete amplitude levels. Uses a finite number of amplitudes, each assigned a unique pattern of binary digits. What is Amplitude Shift Keying ?
- 3. A Simple ASK Wave
- 4. ASK GENERATION AND MODULATION From a sinusoidal wave signal, ASK output is generated by BAND LIMITING method. By applying BAND LIMITING method, sharp discontinuities would be rounded-off, before transmission.
- 5. Conversion Of Original Message To ASK Through Band Limit Method
- 6. Amplitude Shift Keying is of Two types- 1. Binary ASK 2. Multilevel ASK Binary ASK is implemented using only 2 levels. It is known as ON-OFF keying. Multilevel ASK is implemented with more than two level. Different Amplitude used are – 4,8,16… Different Bits used are- 2,3,4… TYPES OF AMPLITUDE SHIFT KEYING
- 7. Binary amplitude shift keying
- 8. DEMODULATION process consists of two stages- Recovery of band limited bit stream. Regeneration of binary bit stream. DEMODULATION
- 9. ASK SYSTEM DIVISION ASK System Transmitter Linear model of effects of channel Reciever
- 10. IN OUR DAILY USE Commonly used to transmit digital data over optical fibre. Transmit Morse code. For example, in LED transmitter.
- 12. FDM Sharing is done by assigning each user a specific frequency (Carrier Frequency) Modulation equipment is used to move each signal to the required frequency band. Multiplexing equipment is needed to combine the modulated signal
- 13. FDM Separation of spectrum into smaller frequency bands Channel gets band of the spectrum for the whole time
- 14. User 1 User 2 User 3 M O D U L A T O R f1 f2 f3
- 15. All the users transmit their data simultaneously…. f1 f2 f3
- 16. The Received data at the Receiver f1 f2 f3 f1 f2 f3 The Filter The output f1 f2 f3
- 17. FDM process
- 18. FDM process
- 19. Advantages no dynamic coordination needed works also for analog signals
- 20. Twisted Pair Cable Department of CE/IT
- 21. Introduction • Twisted pair is the simples, oldest and low priced cable medium. • It is made up of two insulated copper wires, typically, twisted around each other in a continuous spiral. • The purpose of twisting the wires is to reduce electrical interference (or noise) from similar pairs close by. Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable – Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Cable Department of CE/IT
- 22. Twisted Pair Cable Department of CE/IT
- 23. Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable • Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) is the most common type of twisted pair cable used in telecommunication networks. • The reason for placing twist in the pair of wires is to minimize the vulnerability of the twisted pair cable to external electrical noise. • Its frequency range is suitable for data transmission as well as voice transmission (100 Hz-5 MHz). • Department of CE/IT
- 25. UTP Cable Department of CE/IT
- 26. Advantages • The advantages of UTP are its low cost, • It is easy to installation procedure. • It is basically used in LAN implementations. Department of CE/IT
- 27. UTP color codes Department of CE/IT
- 28. Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Cable • In Shielded Twisted Pair cable, each pair of insulated conductors is encased in a metal shield to prevent Crosstalk. • The quality aspect of shielded twisted pair is same as the unshielded twisted pair but the shield must be connected to ground. Department of CE/IT
- 30. STP Cable Department of CE/IT
- 31. Uses • STP cables use same connectors as UTP, and are more expensive than UTP cable. • It is used for both analog and digital transmission. • It is said to be a “balanced transmission medium Department of CE/IT