Feature Mapping Workshop
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The document discusses Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) and its integration with sprint planning, focusing on acceptance criteria, defining 'done', and using Gherkin for writing criteria. It emphasizes collaborative practices like feature mapping for effective requirements discovery and validation through shared understanding, with examples and exercises to illustrate key concepts. Additionally, it highlights the need for clear, testable acceptance criteria while fostering communication among stakeholders in software development.
Feature Mapping Workshop
- 1. AUTHOR OF ‘BDD IN ACTION’ @wakaleo www.johnfergusonsmart.com Feature Mapping The fast track from stories to acceptance criteria Jan Molak Lead Developer of Serenity/JS @janmolak janmolak.com
- 2. Overview Overview What we will cover BDD and Sprint Planning Acceptance Criteria and the Definition of Done Writing acceptance criteria in Gherkin Acceptance criteria with Feature Mapping
- 3. Overview Overview http://bit.ly/feature-mapping-draw Before we finish… Fill in the survey and win a book!
- 4. BDD and Sprint Planning in a nutshell
- 5. Overview Overview Validation The BDD Way Collaboration As a corporate frequent flyer I want to earn points on my business flights So that I can get discounts on my holiday flights Business Scenario: First class earns double points Given London-Paris in economy earns 100 points When I fly from London to Paris in First Class Then I should earn 200 points SHARED UNDERSTANDING Automation
- 6. Overview Overview The BDD Way BA Business BA UX Testers Business Rules Examples A shared understanding Executable Specifications Wireframes Vision Flow Capabilities Features Developers UI Designers Define Formalise Automate Automated Acceptance Testing Feedback Visibility Valuable Software Deliver Discover TDD
- 7. Overview Overview Shared Understanding and Automated Validation Automated Acceptance Criteria A Shared Understanding Validation Collaborative Requirements Discovery Living Documentation Regression Tests Change with confidence Effective Automation Sustainable Automation Executable Requirements Story Mapping 3 amigos Acceptance Criteria Feature Mapping Example Mapping Impact Mapping Sprint Planning Gherkin Format
- 8. Overview Overview Shared Understanding and Automated Validation Automated Acceptance Criteria A Shared Understanding Validation Collaborative Requirements Discovery Living Documentation Regression Tests Change with confidence Effective Automation Sustainable Automation Executable Requirements Story Mapping 3 amigos Acceptance Criteria Feature Mapping Example Mapping Impact Mapping Sprint Delivery Gherkin Format Sprint Planning
- 9. Acceptance Criteria and the definition of done
- 10. Acceptance Criteria ✓ Define the Definition of Done ✓ Functional and non-functional requirements ✓ Expressed in business language ✓ Describe expected outcomes, not inputs ✓ Describe intent, not solution (what, not how) ✓ Easily testable ✓ Single responsibility
- 11. Acceptance Criteria should be simple ✓ Simple phrases - “A teacher can return an essay for correction when the average mark is under 7” ✓ Can be non-functional - “A teacher should be able to open and record the marks of an essay in less than 30 seconds on average with a load of 1000 simultaneous users”
- 12. Examples are concrete scenarios that illustrate rules ✓ “The one where…” - “The one where the student submits a bad essay” ✓ Given/When/Then - “Given Stu submits an essay with an average mark of 4 When Tess records the marks Then she has the option of returning the essay to Stu”
- 13. Writing Acceptance Criteria in Gherkin
- 14. Gherkin The Lingua Franca of BDD Collaboration Automation Feature: Earning Frequent Flyer points through flights Scenario: Economy flights earn points by distance Flyers earn 1 point per kilometre travelled Given the distance from London to Paris is 344 km When I fly from London to Paris in Economy Then I should earn 344 points
- 15. Overview Overview Scenario: Economy flights earn points by distance Given the distance from London to Paris is 344 km When I fly from London to Paris in Economy Then I should earn 344 points Preconditions Action to illustrate Expected outcome
- 16. Overview Overview Scenario Outline: Economy flights earn points by distance Given the distance from <departure> to <dest> is <distance> km When I fly from <departure> to <destination> in <class> class Then I should earn <points> points Examples: | departure | dest | distance | class | points | | Paris | London | 344 | economy | 344 | | Paris | London | 344 | first | 688 | A table of examples
- 17. Let’s give it a try!
- 18. Workshop Time! As a regular business traveller I want to earn privileges when I fly So that I can take my family on holiday more often Create Acceptance criteria for the following rules - Member privileges are based on their Frequent Flyer level - Members can be Bronze, Silver, Gold or Platinum - Levels are earned based on distance and cabin class
- 19. Retrospective • How much functionality did you cover? • How would you judge the quality of the scenarios you wrote? • How well did it help you understand the problem domain? • How many surprises did you find?
- 20. In the last exercise… Did you spend more time collaborating or formalising?
- 23. Now for something different Step Away From The Gherkin
- 24. Understanding a requirement As a Frequent Flyer member I want to see where I can travel with my current point balance So that I can plan my next holiday
- 25. Overview Overview As a Frequent Flyer member I want to see where I can travel with my current point balance So that I can plan my next holiday “The flights available depend on the number of points” “Rule” “The one where a member has 10000 points” “Example” “Jackie has 10000 points, and lives in London. “Steps” “She chooses to view her flight options.” “She can choose from flights to Edinburgh, Paris and Amsterdam”
- 26. Overview Overview As a Frequent Flyer member I want to see where I can travel with my current point balance So that I can plan my next holiday “The flights available depend on the number of points” “Rule” “The one where a member has 10000 points” “Example” “Jackie has 10000 points, and lives in London. “Steps” “She chooses to view her flight options.” “She can choose from flights to Edinburgh, Paris and Amsterdam” What if she lives somewhere else? What if she wants to fly from another city? Are these economy flights? What if the wants to fly business? What if she wants to book a flight for someone else? Why these destinations?
- 27. Questions lead to learning Why these destinations? “The flights available depend on the number of points” (1 km distance for every 10 points) New or clarified rules points Edinburgh 1000 Paris Amsterdam 5000 10000 Yes Yes No No Yes Yes NoNo No New or clarified examples
- 28. Feature Mapping
- 29. Rules explain Examples Examples illustrate Rules Steps explore Examples Questions challenge everything Four Principles
- 30. List the rules you know Ask for examples Explore the steps that make up each example Question, challenge, expand And Four Steps
- 31. Leave no assumption unchallenged “If you do not know how to ask the right question, you discover nothing.” - W. Edwards Deming
- 33. Overview Overview We start with an anchoring example “Fred has 10000 points and lives in London. He wants to go on holidays in August. He checks his account balance, and sees that he can go to Rome, Aberdeen or Barcelona.”
- 34. Overview Overview Step 1) Find a rule “Guideline"
- 35. Overview Overview Step 1) Find a rule “Guideline" A rule Any economy flight within Europe is 10000 points
- 36. Overview Overview“Guideline" A rule Any economy flight within Europe is 10000 points Step 2) “Give me an example”An example Member has enough to fly to Rome
- 37. Overview Overview“Guideline" A rule Any economy flight within Europe is 10000 points Step 3) Break it down An example Member has enough to fly to Rome => Fred has 10000 points => Fred can fly to Edinburgh, Barcelona or Rome Consequences
- 38. Overview Overview Any economy flight within Europe is 10000 points Step 4) Explore variations Member has enough to fly to Rome Member doesn’t have enough points => Joe has just joined the program and has 0 points => Joe can’t go anywhere => Fred has 10000 points => Fred can fly to Edinburgh, Barcelona or Rome
- 39. Overview OverviewAny economy flight within Europe is 10000 points Step 5) Discover new rules Member has enough to fly to Rome Member doesn’t have enough points A business flight within Europe is 20000 points Likes to fly in style => Fred can fly to Edinburgh, Barcelona or Rome in Business => Barry has 20000 points => Joe has just joined the program and has 0 points => Joe can’t go anywhere => Fred has 10000 points => Fred can fly to Edinburgh, Barcelona or Rome
- 40. Overview OverviewAny economy flight within Europe is 10000 points Step 6) Learn and refactor Member has enough to fly to Rome Member doesn’t have enough points A business flight within Europe is 20000 points Likes to fly in style The available destinations depends on the number of points and the cabin class => Fred can fly to Edinburgh, Barcelona or Rome in Business => Barry has 20000 points => Joe has just joined the program and has 0 points => Joe can’t go anywhere => Fred has 10000 points => Fred can fly to Edinburgh, Barcelona or Rome
- 41. Overview OverviewAny economy flight within Europe is 10000 points Questions record uncertainty Member has enough to fly to Rome Member doesn’t have enough points A business flight within Europe is 20000 points Likes to fly in style The available destinations depends on the number of points and the cabin class Can he buy someone else a ticket? Are points transferrable? => Fred can fly to Edinburgh, Barcelona or Rome in Business => Barry has 20000 points => Joe has just joined the program and has 0 points => Joe can’t go anywhere => Fred has 10000 points => Fred can fly to Edinburgh, Barcelona or Rome
- 42. Overview OverviewAny economy flight within Europe is 10000 points Questions record uncertainty Member has enough to fly to Rome Member doesn’t have enough points A business flight within Europe is 20000 points Likes to fly in style The available destinations depends on the number of points and the cabin class “Pointsperdestination” story“Pointsperclass” story => Fred can fly to Edinburgh, Barcelona or Rome in Business => Barry has 20000 points => Joe has just joined the program and has 0 points => Joe can’t go anywhere => Fred has 10000 points => Fred can fly to Edinburgh, Barcelona or Rome
- 43. Let’s give it a try!
- 44. Mob Mapping! As a regular business traveller I want to be able to access the lounge with my travel companions So that I can get more work done before the flight
- 45. Overview OverviewLounge Access As a regular business traveller I want to be able to access the lounge with my travel companions So that I can get more work done before the flight Step 1) “Tell me a story” “Barry the business traveller is Gold status, and flying on holidays in economy with his wife and two children. He asks to access the lounge with his family. He is given access, but has to use all of his yearly guest passes as he can normally only invite one guest.”
- 46. Overview OverviewAs a regular business traveller I want to be able to access the lounge with my travel companions So that I can get more work done before the flight Step 2) “Tell me the rules you know about” “Barry the business traveller is Gold status, and flying on holidays in economy with his wife and two children. He asks to access the lounge with his family. He is given access, but has to use all of his yearly guest passes as he can normally only invite one guest.” What else? Gold Frequent Flyers can come with a guest Gold Frequent Flyers get two guest passes per year that they can use for additional guests
- 47. Overview OverviewAs a regular business traveller I want to be able to access the lounge with my travel companions So that I can get more work done before the flight Step 3) Pick a rule. “Barry the business traveller is Gold status, and flying on holidays in economy with his wife and two children. He asks to access the lounge with his family. He is given access, but has to use all of his yearly guest passes as he can normally only invite one guest.” Gold Frequent Flyers get two guest passes per year that they can use for additional guests
- 48. Overview Overview Step 4) Give me an example Gold Frequent Flyers get two guest passes per year that they can use for additional guests Barry can invite his family because he is a Gold FF “The one where…” Barry is a Gold FF Barry wants to bring 3 guests => Everyone can enter the lounge => Barry has no guest passes left Barry has 2 guest passes Barry agrees to use his guest passes
- 49. Overview Overview Step 5) Explore and challenge Gold Frequent Flyers get two guest passes per year that they can use for additional guests Barry can invite his family because he is a Gold FF “What if…” Barry is a Gold FF Barry wants to bring 3 guests => Everyone can enter the lounge => Barry has no guest passes left Barry has 2 guest passes Barry agrees to use his guest passes W hatifBarry is Silver? W hatifBarry has only 1 guest W hatifBarry doesn’twantto use his guest passes? => Everyone can enter the lounge => Barry has no guest passes left
- 50. Now work in teams As a business traveller I want to have access to a place to freshen up and work when I land So that I can be more productive in my work
- 51. Now work in teams As a business traveller I want to have access to a place to freshen up and work when I land So that I can be more productive in my work “Barry has landed 6 hours ahead of his meeting, and wants to freshen up, have breakfast and prepare his meeting. He goes to the lounge in the arrival airport, and is granted access.”
- 53. Key Take Aways
- 54. Feature Mapping Collaborative Iterative Exploratory A requirements discovery practice that is…
- 55. Feature Mapping Breadth Depth Context
- 56. Feature Mapping More precise than free-form acceptance criteria Faster than Gherkin Easy to automate