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Serenity and the Journey Pattern

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John Ferguson Smart Limited

The document discusses the evolution and importance of automated testing practices, emphasizing the significance of maintaining efficient test suites for better software delivery. It highlights concepts like cost analysis of testing, the impact of maintenance overhead, and the application of software engineering principles to improve maintainability. It also introduces the 'journey pattern' as a user-centric approach to testing in software development.

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@wakaleo The evolution of automated testing practices Take me on a journey @wakaleo
@wakaleo John Ferguson Smart Introductions “I help teams of smart people 
 learn to work together more efficiently, 
 to deliver better software faster”
@wakaleo Test Automation Do it well, or don’t do it at all
@wakaleo How much are your tests worth? Weekly cost vs weekly savings $0 $20,000 $40,000 $60,000 $80,000 $100,000 $120,000 $140,000 $160,000 $180,000 1/09/2015 1/10/2015 1/11/2015 1/12/2015 Test0suite0cost0vs0savings0(per0week) Cost0saved0par0week Test0suite0cost0per0week
@wakaleo How much are your tests worth? Weekly cost vs weekly savings $0 $20,000 $40,000 $60,000 $80,000 $100,000 $120,000 $140,000 $160,000 $180,000 1/09/2015 1/10/2015 1/11/2015 1/12/2015 Test0suite0cost0vs0savings0(per0week) Cost0saved0par0week Test0suite0cost0per0week Team cost is constant
@wakaleo How much are your tests worth? Weekly cost vs weekly savings $0 $20,000 $40,000 $60,000 $80,000 $100,000 $120,000 $140,000 $160,000 $180,000 1/09/2015 1/10/2015 1/11/2015 1/12/2015 Test0suite0cost0vs0savings0(per0week) Cost0saved0par0week Test0suite0cost0per0week Team cost is constant Time saved increases with the number of executed
@wakaleo How much are your tests worth? $0 $200,000 $400,000 $600,000 $800,000 $1,000,000 $1,200,000 1/09/2015 1/10/2015 1/11/2015 1/12/2015 What0is0your0test0suite0worth? Test0suite0ROI Test0suite0cost Cumulated cost vs cumulated savings
@wakaleo How much are your tests worth? $0 $200,000 $400,000 $600,000 $800,000 $1,000,000 $1,200,000 1/09/2015 1/10/2015 1/11/2015 1/12/2015 What0is0your0test0suite0worth? Test0suite0ROI Test0suite0cost Cumulated cost vs cumulated savings Cumulated value should increase faster than cumulated cost
@wakaleo Now factor in high maintenance 40-60% Typical maintenance overhead for poorly-written test suites
@wakaleo Now factor in high maintenance Number of tests Maintenanceoverhead
@wakaleo Now factor in high maintenance Number of tests Maintenanceoverhead
@wakaleo $0 $50,000 $100,000 $150,000 $200,000 $250,000 $300,000 $350,000 $400,000 $450,000 $500,000 1/09/2015 1/10/2015 1/11/2015 1/12/2015 1/01/2016 What0is0your0test0suite0worth? Test0suite0cost Test0suite0ROI Now factor in high maintenance High-maintenance costs reduce the number of tests a team can write
@wakaleo $0 $50,000 $100,000 $150,000 $200,000 $250,000 $300,000 $350,000 $400,000 $450,000 $500,000 1/09/2015 1/10/2015 1/11/2015 1/12/2015 1/01/2016 What0is0your0test0suite0worth? Test0suite0cost Test0suite0ROI Now factor in high maintenance High-maintenance costs reduce the number of tests a team can write High maintenance costs can cause your test suite to lose value
@wakaleo Narrative Coding Style Open-Closed Principle Single Responsibility Principle Separation of Concerns Software Engineering Principles can help you write more maintainable tests
@wakaleo Narrative Coding Style Open-Closed Principle Single Responsibility Principle Separation of Concerns Software Engineering Principles can help you write more maintainable tests
@wakaleo Narrative Coding Style Open-Closed Principle Single Responsibility Principle Separation of Concerns Software Engineering Principles can help you write more maintainable tests
@wakaleo Narrative Coding Style Open-Closed Principle Single Responsibility Principle Separation of Concerns Software Engineering Principles can help you write more maintainable tests
@wakaleo Narrative Coding Style Open-Closed Principle Single Responsibility Principle Separation of Concerns Software Engineering Principles can help you write more maintainable tests
@wakaleo Separation of Concerns - Layers Goals Tasks Actions
@wakaleo Separation of Concerns - Layers Goals Tasks Actions What are you trying to achieve?
@wakaleo Separation of Concerns - Layers Goals Tasks Actions What are you trying to achieve? What do you need to do to achieve this goal?
@wakaleo Separation of Concerns - Layers Goals Tasks Actions What are you trying to achieve? What do you need to do to achieve this goal? What interactions with the system do you need for each task?
@wakaleo Separation of Concerns - Layers Scenario: Add a new todo entry on the todo home page
 Given I am on the Todo application home page
 When I enter 'Buy some milk' into the New Todo field
 And I press ENTER
 Then the todo list box should contain 'Buy some milk'
@wakaleo Separation of Concerns - Layers Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given I need to buy some milk
 When I add the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in my todo list
@wakaleo Feature documentationDetailed feedbackHigh level feedback Communication and documentation
@wakaleo Feature documentationDetailed feedbackHigh level feedback Communication and documentation
@wakaleo Serenity BDD “Because life is too short to h a v e t o m a i n t a i n u g l y automated test suites”
@wakaleo Living documentation Strong Selenium WebDriver support JUnit, Cucumber or JBehave A layered approach Serenity BDD
@wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Goals Tasks Interactions
@wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Goals Tasks Interactions Tests or scenarios
@wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Goals Tasks Interactions Tests or scenarios “Steps”
@wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Goals Tasks Interactions Tests or scenarios “Steps” Page Objects or other technical components
@wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Feature: Add new todos
 James needs to be able to jot down actions he needs to do as he thinks of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list
@wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Feature: Add new todos
 James needs to be able to jot down actions he needs to do as he thinks of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list A goal
@wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Feature: Add new todos
 James needs to be able to jot down actions he needs to do as he thinks of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list A goal A task
@wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Feature: Add new todos
 James needs to be able to jot down actions he needs to do as he thinks of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list A goal A task @Steps ATodoUser james;
 
 @When(“^(?:.*) (?:adds|has added) the todo action '(.*)'$")
 public void i_add_the_todo_action(String actionName) {
 james.adds_an_action_called(actionName);
 }
@wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Feature: Add new todos
 James needs to be able to jot down actions he needs to do as he thinks of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list A goal A task @Steps ATodoUser james;
 
 @When(“^(?:.*) (?:adds|has added) the todo action '(.*)'$")
 public void i_add_the_todo_action(String actionName) {
 james.adds_an_action_called(actionName);
 } The task definition
@wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Feature: Add new todos
 James needs to be able to jot down actions he needs to do as he thinks of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list A goal A task @Steps ATodoUser james;
 
 @When(“^(?:.*) (?:adds|has added) the todo action '(.*)'$")
 public void i_add_the_todo_action(String actionName) {
 james.adds_an_action_called(actionName);
 } The task definition TodoPage onTheTodoHomePage;
 
 @Step
 public void adds_an_action_called(String actionName) {
 onTheTodoHomePage.addAnActionCalled(actionName);
 }
@wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Feature: Add new todos
 James needs to be able to jot down actions he needs to do as he thinks of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list A goal A task @Steps ATodoUser james;
 
 @When(“^(?:.*) (?:adds|has added) the todo action '(.*)'$")
 public void i_add_the_todo_action(String actionName) {
 james.adds_an_action_called(actionName);
 } The task definition TodoPage onTheTodoHomePage;
 
 @Step
 public void adds_an_action_called(String actionName) {
 onTheTodoHomePage.addAnActionCalled(actionName);
 } An interaction
@wakaleo Serenity for Living Documentation Feature: Add new todos
 I need to be able to jot down actions I need to do as fast as I think of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given I need to buy some milk
 When I add the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in my todo list
@wakaleo Serenity for Living Documentation Feature: Add new todos
 I need to be able to jot down actions I need to do as fast as I think of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given I need to buy some milk
 When I add the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in my todo list
@wakaleo Coding demo
@wakaleo Hard to apply to Single Page Apps Need modifications to extend Multiple Responsibilities Bloat Page Objects considered harmful
@wakaleo Introducing the Journey Pattern
@wakaleo Highly readable style Encourages reuse and maintainable code Small, reusable interaction components User-centric The Journey Pattern
@wakaleo Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 * * Based on actual events
@wakaleo Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano “Page Objects kinda suck. Why not try this pattern instead?” Agile Alliance Functional Test Tools Workshop 2007 2007 * * Based on actual events
@wakaleo Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 Andy Palmer
@wakaleo Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 More people should know about this pattern Andy Palmer
@wakaleo Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 More people should know about this pattern JNarrate Andy Palmer Let’s write a reference implementation!
@wakaleo Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 “Coronation Street rocks 2012 Andy Palmer
@wakaleo Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 “Coronation Street rocks 2012 Andy Palmer Eureka! “Soap Opera Personas”
@wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak
@wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak You should call this “The Journey Pattern”
@wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak You should call this “The Journey Pattern” Damn!
@wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak You should call this “The Journey Pattern” Damn! Why didn’t we think of that!
@wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak 2015 John Smart
@wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak 2015 John Smart Serenity is cool
@wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak 2015 John Smart Serenity is cool But it needs the Journey Pattern
@wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak 2015 John Smart Serenity is cool So let’s make it happen! But it needs the Journey Pattern
@wakaleo The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors have goals
@wakaleo The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors have goals Meet James
@wakaleo The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors have goals I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do Meet James
@wakaleo The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors have abilities
@wakaleo The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors have abilities I can browse the web with my browser
@wakaleo The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors have abilities I can browse the web with my browser I can also query REST services
@wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks
@wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list
@wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors may interact with the system to perform these tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list
@wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors may interact with the system to perform these tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list
@wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors may interact with the system to perform these tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list Type ‘Buy the milk’
@wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors may interact with the system to perform these tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list Type ‘Buy the milk’
@wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors may interact with the system to perform these tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list Type ‘Buy the milk’ Press ‘ENTER’
@wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors may interact with the system to perform these tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list Type ‘Buy the milk’ Press ‘ENTER’
@wakaleo The Journey Pattern in Serenity Actors have goals I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do
@wakaleo The Journey Pattern in Serenity Actors have goals Feature: Add new todos
 James would like to be able to recall all the things he needs to do
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do
@wakaleo A User-Centric model Actors have abilities I can browse the web with my browser Actor james = Actor.named(“James"); @Managed
 WebDriver hisBrowser; … james.can(BrowseTheWeb.with(hisBrowser));
@wakaleo A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks @Steps
 AddItem addATodoItem; … james.attemptsTo(addATodoItem.called("Buy some milk"));
@wakaleo A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list @Steps
 AddItem addATodoItem; … james.attemptsTo(addATodoItem.called("Buy some milk"));
@wakaleo A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks @Steps
 AddItem addATodoItem; … james.attemptsTo(addATodoItem.called("Buy some milk")); actor.attemptsTo(
 Enter.theValue(thingToDo).into(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD),
 Hit.the(RETURN).keyIn(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD)
 );
@wakaleo A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list @Steps
 AddItem addATodoItem; … james.attemptsTo(addATodoItem.called("Buy some milk")); actor.attemptsTo(
 Enter.theValue(thingToDo).into(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD),
 Hit.the(RETURN).keyIn(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD)
 );
@wakaleo A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list @Steps
 AddItem addATodoItem; … james.attemptsTo(addATodoItem.called("Buy some milk")); actor.attemptsTo(
 Enter.theValue(thingToDo).into(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD),
 Hit.the(RETURN).keyIn(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD)
 ); Type ‘Buy the milk’
@wakaleo A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list @Steps
 AddItem addATodoItem; … james.attemptsTo(addATodoItem.called("Buy some milk")); actor.attemptsTo(
 Enter.theValue(thingToDo).into(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD),
 Hit.the(RETURN).keyIn(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD)
 ); Type ‘Buy the milk’ Press ‘ENTER’
@wakaleo Coding demo
@wakaleo References • http://www.serenity-bdd.info • https://github.com/serenity-bdd/serenity-journey-demo • http://bit.ly/rg-journey
@wakaleo Questions? John Ferguson Smart john.smart@wakaleo.com wakaleo http://www.wakaleo.com http://www.serenity-bdd.info

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Serenity and the Journey Pattern

  • 1. @wakaleo The evolution of automated testing practices Take me on a journey @wakaleo
  • 2. @wakaleo John Ferguson Smart Introductions “I help teams of smart people 
 learn to work together more efficiently, 
 to deliver better software faster”
  • 3. @wakaleo Test Automation Do it well, or don’t do it at all
  • 4. @wakaleo How much are your tests worth? Weekly cost vs weekly savings $0 $20,000 $40,000 $60,000 $80,000 $100,000 $120,000 $140,000 $160,000 $180,000 1/09/2015 1/10/2015 1/11/2015 1/12/2015 Test0suite0cost0vs0savings0(per0week) Cost0saved0par0week Test0suite0cost0per0week
  • 5. @wakaleo How much are your tests worth? Weekly cost vs weekly savings $0 $20,000 $40,000 $60,000 $80,000 $100,000 $120,000 $140,000 $160,000 $180,000 1/09/2015 1/10/2015 1/11/2015 1/12/2015 Test0suite0cost0vs0savings0(per0week) Cost0saved0par0week Test0suite0cost0per0week Team cost is constant
  • 6. @wakaleo How much are your tests worth? Weekly cost vs weekly savings $0 $20,000 $40,000 $60,000 $80,000 $100,000 $120,000 $140,000 $160,000 $180,000 1/09/2015 1/10/2015 1/11/2015 1/12/2015 Test0suite0cost0vs0savings0(per0week) Cost0saved0par0week Test0suite0cost0per0week Team cost is constant Time saved increases with the number of executed
  • 7. @wakaleo How much are your tests worth? $0 $200,000 $400,000 $600,000 $800,000 $1,000,000 $1,200,000 1/09/2015 1/10/2015 1/11/2015 1/12/2015 What0is0your0test0suite0worth? Test0suite0ROI Test0suite0cost Cumulated cost vs cumulated savings
  • 8. @wakaleo How much are your tests worth? $0 $200,000 $400,000 $600,000 $800,000 $1,000,000 $1,200,000 1/09/2015 1/10/2015 1/11/2015 1/12/2015 What0is0your0test0suite0worth? Test0suite0ROI Test0suite0cost Cumulated cost vs cumulated savings Cumulated value should increase faster than cumulated cost
  • 9. @wakaleo Now factor in high maintenance 40-60% Typical maintenance overhead for poorly-written test suites
  • 10. @wakaleo Now factor in high maintenance Number of tests Maintenanceoverhead
  • 11. @wakaleo Now factor in high maintenance Number of tests Maintenanceoverhead
  • 12. @wakaleo $0 $50,000 $100,000 $150,000 $200,000 $250,000 $300,000 $350,000 $400,000 $450,000 $500,000 1/09/2015 1/10/2015 1/11/2015 1/12/2015 1/01/2016 What0is0your0test0suite0worth? Test0suite0cost Test0suite0ROI Now factor in high maintenance High-maintenance costs reduce the number of tests a team can write
  • 13. @wakaleo $0 $50,000 $100,000 $150,000 $200,000 $250,000 $300,000 $350,000 $400,000 $450,000 $500,000 1/09/2015 1/10/2015 1/11/2015 1/12/2015 1/01/2016 What0is0your0test0suite0worth? Test0suite0cost Test0suite0ROI Now factor in high maintenance High-maintenance costs reduce the number of tests a team can write High maintenance costs can cause your test suite to lose value
  • 19. @wakaleo Separation of Concerns - Layers Goals Tasks Actions
  • 20. @wakaleo Separation of Concerns - Layers Goals Tasks Actions What are you trying to achieve?
  • 21. @wakaleo Separation of Concerns - Layers Goals Tasks Actions What are you trying to achieve? What do you need to do to achieve this goal?
  • 22. @wakaleo Separation of Concerns - Layers Goals Tasks Actions What are you trying to achieve? What do you need to do to achieve this goal? What interactions with the system do you need for each task?
  • 23. @wakaleo Separation of Concerns - Layers Scenario: Add a new todo entry on the todo home page
 Given I am on the Todo application home page
 When I enter 'Buy some milk' into the New Todo field
 And I press ENTER
 Then the todo list box should contain 'Buy some milk'
  • 24. @wakaleo Separation of Concerns - Layers Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given I need to buy some milk
 When I add the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in my todo list
  • 25. @wakaleo Feature documentationDetailed feedbackHigh level feedback Communication and documentation
  • 26. @wakaleo Feature documentationDetailed feedbackHigh level feedback Communication and documentation
  • 27. @wakaleo Serenity BDD “Because life is too short to h a v e t o m a i n t a i n u g l y automated test suites”
  • 28. @wakaleo Living documentation Strong Selenium WebDriver support JUnit, Cucumber or JBehave A layered approach Serenity BDD
  • 29. @wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Goals Tasks Interactions
  • 30. @wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Goals Tasks Interactions Tests or scenarios
  • 31. @wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Goals Tasks Interactions Tests or scenarios “Steps”
  • 32. @wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Goals Tasks Interactions Tests or scenarios “Steps” Page Objects or other technical components
  • 33. @wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Feature: Add new todos
 James needs to be able to jot down actions he needs to do as he thinks of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list
  • 34. @wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Feature: Add new todos
 James needs to be able to jot down actions he needs to do as he thinks of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list A goal
  • 35. @wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Feature: Add new todos
 James needs to be able to jot down actions he needs to do as he thinks of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list A goal A task
  • 36. @wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Feature: Add new todos
 James needs to be able to jot down actions he needs to do as he thinks of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list A goal A task @Steps ATodoUser james;
 
 @When(“^(?:.*) (?:adds|has added) the todo action '(.*)'$")
 public void i_add_the_todo_action(String actionName) {
 james.adds_an_action_called(actionName);
 }
  • 37. @wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Feature: Add new todos
 James needs to be able to jot down actions he needs to do as he thinks of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list A goal A task @Steps ATodoUser james;
 
 @When(“^(?:.*) (?:adds|has added) the todo action '(.*)'$")
 public void i_add_the_todo_action(String actionName) {
 james.adds_an_action_called(actionName);
 } The task definition
  • 38. @wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Feature: Add new todos
 James needs to be able to jot down actions he needs to do as he thinks of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list A goal A task @Steps ATodoUser james;
 
 @When(“^(?:.*) (?:adds|has added) the todo action '(.*)'$")
 public void i_add_the_todo_action(String actionName) {
 james.adds_an_action_called(actionName);
 } The task definition TodoPage onTheTodoHomePage;
 
 @Step
 public void adds_an_action_called(String actionName) {
 onTheTodoHomePage.addAnActionCalled(actionName);
 }
  • 39. @wakaleo The Serenity layered architecture Feature: Add new todos
 James needs to be able to jot down actions he needs to do as he thinks of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list A goal A task @Steps ATodoUser james;
 
 @When(“^(?:.*) (?:adds|has added) the todo action '(.*)'$")
 public void i_add_the_todo_action(String actionName) {
 james.adds_an_action_called(actionName);
 } The task definition TodoPage onTheTodoHomePage;
 
 @Step
 public void adds_an_action_called(String actionName) {
 onTheTodoHomePage.addAnActionCalled(actionName);
 } An interaction
  • 40. @wakaleo Serenity for Living Documentation Feature: Add new todos
 I need to be able to jot down actions I need to do as fast as I think of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given I need to buy some milk
 When I add the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in my todo list
  • 41. @wakaleo Serenity for Living Documentation Feature: Add new todos
 I need to be able to jot down actions I need to do as fast as I think of them
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given I need to buy some milk
 When I add the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in my todo list
  • 43. @wakaleo Hard to apply to Single Page Apps Need modifications to extend Multiple Responsibilities Bloat Page Objects considered harmful
  • 45. @wakaleo Highly readable style Encourages reuse and maintainable code Small, reusable interaction components User-centric The Journey Pattern
  • 46. @wakaleo Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 * * Based on actual events
  • 47. @wakaleo Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano “Page Objects kinda suck. Why not try this pattern instead?” Agile Alliance Functional Test Tools Workshop 2007 2007 * * Based on actual events
  • 48. @wakaleo Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 Andy Palmer
  • 49. @wakaleo Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 More people should know about this pattern Andy Palmer
  • 50. @wakaleo Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 More people should know about this pattern JNarrate Andy Palmer Let’s write a reference implementation!
  • 51. @wakaleo Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 “Coronation Street rocks 2012 Andy Palmer
  • 52. @wakaleo Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 “Coronation Street rocks 2012 Andy Palmer Eureka! “Soap Opera Personas”
  • 53. @wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak
  • 54. @wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak You should call this “The Journey Pattern”
  • 55. @wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak You should call this “The Journey Pattern” Damn!
  • 56. @wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak You should call this “The Journey Pattern” Damn! Why didn’t we think of that!
  • 57. @wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak 2015 John Smart
  • 58. @wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak 2015 John Smart Serenity is cool
  • 59. @wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak 2015 John Smart Serenity is cool But it needs the Journey Pattern
  • 60. @wakaleo Andy Palmer Origins of the Journey Pattern in Serenity Antony Marcano 2007 2009 2012 Jan Molak 2015 John Smart Serenity is cool So let’s make it happen! But it needs the Journey Pattern
  • 61. @wakaleo The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors have goals
  • 62. @wakaleo The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors have goals Meet James
  • 63. @wakaleo The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors have goals I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do Meet James
  • 64. @wakaleo The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors have abilities
  • 65. @wakaleo The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors have abilities I can browse the web with my browser
  • 66. @wakaleo The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors have abilities I can browse the web with my browser I can also query REST services
  • 67. @wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks
  • 68. @wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list
  • 69. @wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors may interact with the system to perform these tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list
  • 70. @wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors may interact with the system to perform these tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list
  • 71. @wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors may interact with the system to perform these tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list Type ‘Buy the milk’
  • 72. @wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors may interact with the system to perform these tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list Type ‘Buy the milk’
  • 73. @wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors may interact with the system to perform these tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list Type ‘Buy the milk’ Press ‘ENTER’
  • 74. @wakaleo I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do The Journey Pattern - A User-Centric model Actors may interact with the system to perform these tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list Type ‘Buy the milk’ Press ‘ENTER’
  • 75. @wakaleo The Journey Pattern in Serenity Actors have goals I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do
  • 76. @wakaleo The Journey Pattern in Serenity Actors have goals Feature: Add new todos
 James would like to be able to recall all the things he needs to do
 
 Scenario: Record a new todo action for future use
 Given James needs to buy some milk
 When James adds the todo action 'Buy some milk'
 Then 'Buy some milk' should be recorded in his todo list I’d like to be able to recall all the things I need to do
  • 77. @wakaleo A User-Centric model Actors have abilities I can browse the web with my browser Actor james = Actor.named(“James"); @Managed
 WebDriver hisBrowser; … james.can(BrowseTheWeb.with(hisBrowser));
  • 78. @wakaleo A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks @Steps
 AddItem addATodoItem; … james.attemptsTo(addATodoItem.called("Buy some milk"));
  • 79. @wakaleo A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list @Steps
 AddItem addATodoItem; … james.attemptsTo(addATodoItem.called("Buy some milk"));
  • 80. @wakaleo A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks @Steps
 AddItem addATodoItem; … james.attemptsTo(addATodoItem.called("Buy some milk")); actor.attemptsTo(
 Enter.theValue(thingToDo).into(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD),
 Hit.the(RETURN).keyIn(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD)
 );
  • 81. @wakaleo A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list @Steps
 AddItem addATodoItem; … james.attemptsTo(addATodoItem.called("Buy some milk")); actor.attemptsTo(
 Enter.theValue(thingToDo).into(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD),
 Hit.the(RETURN).keyIn(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD)
 );
  • 82. @wakaleo A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list @Steps
 AddItem addATodoItem; … james.attemptsTo(addATodoItem.called("Buy some milk")); actor.attemptsTo(
 Enter.theValue(thingToDo).into(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD),
 Hit.the(RETURN).keyIn(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD)
 ); Type ‘Buy the milk’
  • 83. @wakaleo A User-Centric model Actors perform tasks I’ll add ‘Buy some milk’ to my todo list @Steps
 AddItem addATodoItem; … james.attemptsTo(addATodoItem.called("Buy some milk")); actor.attemptsTo(
 Enter.theValue(thingToDo).into(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD),
 Hit.the(RETURN).keyIn(ToDoList.NEW_TODO_FIELD)
 ); Type ‘Buy the milk’ Press ‘ENTER’