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- 2. Recognizing Figurative Language The opposite of literal language is figurative language. Figurative language is language that means more than what it says on the surface. It usually gives us a feeling about its subject. Authors and poets use figurative language almost as frequently as literal language. When you read, you must be conscious of the difference. Otherwise, a text may make no sense at all.
- 3. Recognizing Literal Language “I’ve eaten so much I feel as if I could literally burst!” In this case, the person is not using the word literally in its true meaning. Literal means "exact" or "not exaggerated." By pretending that the statement is not exaggerated, the person stresses how much he has eaten. Literal language is language that means exactly what is said. Most of the time, we use literal language.
- 4. What is figurative language? Whenever you describe something by comparing it with something else, you are using figurative language.
- 5. Types of Figurative Language Imagery Simile Metaphor Alliteration Personification Onomatopoeia Hyperbole Idioms
- 6. Alliteration Repeated consonant sounds occurring at the beginning of words or within words. Example: She was wide-eyed and wondering while she waited for Walter to waken.
- 7. Allusion An allusion is a reference to a famous person, place, event, or work of literature. It is something that is in most cases widely known by all people. Example: “He ran the race but lost despite his Herculean effort.
- 8. Dialect A dialect is a form of language that is spoken in a certain place or by a certain group of people. Dialects may differ in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar. Example: “Yes’m. I reckon that’s what I should do.”
- 9. Flashback A flashback is an interruption of the action to present a scene that took place at an earlier time. Example: “As soon as I saw the trophy my mind was transported back to a younger time. I wasn’t an old man. I was young and had just won that award for…”
- 10. Foreshadowing Foreshadowing is when an author provides clues or hints that suggest future events. Example: “Charlotte took the dirk that Zachariah gave her and put it under her mattress. She hoped she wouldn’t need to think of it again, but alas, that would not be the case.
- 11. Hyperbole An exaggerated statement used to heighten effect. It is not used to mislead the reader, but to emphasize a point. Example: She’s said so on several million occasions.
- 12. Imagery Language that appeals to the senses. Descriptions of people or objects stated in terms of our senses. • Sight • Hearing • Touch • Taste • Smell
- 13. Metaphor A figure of speech which involves an implied comparison between two relatively unlike things using a form of be. The comparison is not announced by like or as. Example: The road was a ribbon wrapped through the dessert.
- 14. Onomatopoeia The use of words that mimic sounds. Example: The firecracker made a loud ka-boom!
- 15. Personification A figure of speech which gives the qualities of a person to an animal, an object, or an idea. Example: “The wind yells while blowing." The wind cannot yell. Only a living thing can yell.
- 16. Simile A figure of speech which involves a direct comparison between two unlike things, usually with the words like or as. Example: The muscles on his brawny arms are strong as iron bands.
- 17. Symbolism A symbol or symbolism is a person, place, object or an action that stands for something beyond itself.
- 18. Repetition Repetition is the use of any element of language—a sound, word, phrase---more than once to stress a certain idea. Example: “The highwayman came riding, riding, riding, the highwayman came riding up to the old inn door.”
- 19. Idioms An idiom or idiomatic expression refers to a construction or expression in one language that cannot be matched or directly translated word-for-word in another language. Example: "She has a bee in her bonnet," meaning "she is obsessed," cannot be literally translated into another language word for word.
- 20. Figurative Language Resources Eye on Idioms (Online PPT) Paint by Idioms (Game) Alliteration or Simile? (Quiz) Similes and Metaphors (PPT) The Search for Similes, Metaphors, and Idioms (PPT) Alliteration (PPT) Onomatopoeia (PPT) Personification (PPT) Hyperbole (PPT) Idioms (PPT) Simile (PPT)
- 21. Teaching Similes and Metaphors Alliteration Lesson Plan and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/1allitera.htm Hyperbole- Lesson Plans and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/10lesson.htm Idiom Lesson Plan http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/6lesson.htm Imagery- Lesson Plans and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/imagery2.htm Lesson Plan for Puns http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/5lesson.htm Onomatopoeia- Lesson Plans and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/9lesson.htm Personification Lesson Plans and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/7lesson.htm Proverbs- Lesson Plans and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/proverbs2.htm