File types lecture
- 2. Digital Graphics 0 There are two main types of Digital Graphics 0 Raster 0 Vector 0 Raster Graphics are made up of Bitmaps 0 Vector Graphics are made up of Vectors/Paths
- 3. Bitmaps 0 Raster graphics are made up of bitmaps 0 Bitmaps are a graphic made up of pixels. Each pixel/bit records the colour information of that section of the image. 0 Bitmapped images have a fixed resolution (like when we set Photoshop to 300dpi) which means resizing can result in distortion
- 4. Bitmaps 0 When a camera mentions megapixels, its relating to how many million pixels/bits it separates the picture into. 0 14 Megapixels = 14,000,000 pixels 0 Separates the image into millions of little squares and records what colour that part of the image should be 0 That’s why when you get a picture off the internet and it goes pixelated is because its been compressed into less megapixels
- 5. Vectors 0Vector graphics are made up of Vectors (also known as paths and strokes) 0Vectors/paths are defined by a start and an end points, with curves, points and angles between them 0From this information the path can become a line, a square, a triangle, or a curvy shape.
- 6. Vectors 0 Can be scaled big and small as Vectors have no loss in definition. 0 Perfect for company logos- can be small on business card or huge on a billboard
- 8. Raster Graphics 0 JPEG 0 Joint Photographic Experts Group 0 Photographs and Web formats 0 Photographs on Facebook are saved as JPEG 0 Loses quality with multiple edits due to compression and recompression each time edited
- 9. Raster Graphics 0 TIFF 0 Tagged Image File Format 0 Desktop Publishing (popular with graphic designers) 0 Adobe InDesign documents saved as TIFFs can save multi-page documents to a single TIFF file 0 TIFF have the option of Lossless compression; doesn’t lose any quality due to compression
- 10. Raster Graphics 0 GIF 0 Graphics Interchange Format 0 Used for short digital animations, often on the internet 0 A series of images played one after another in a loop to create the appearance of a video
- 11. Raster Graphics 0 BMP 0 Bitmap image file 0 Similar to TIFF and JPEG 0 No loss in compression 0 Has a large file size
- 12. Vector Graphics 0 PSD 0 Photoshop Document 0 Image Manipulation 0 Front cover images for magazines 0 Saves layers, page formatting information, swatches etc 0 Supports transparency
- 13. Vector Graphics 0 AI 0 Adobe Illustrator Art 0 Logos creation 0 Graphics to represent a company (logos) 0 Can be scaled big and small as Vectors have no loss in definition.
- 14. Vector Graphics 0 FLA 0Flash File 0Used to create animation and games 0Can produce high quality files with a small file size 0Can include sound and video
- 15. Vector Graphics 0 WMF 0 Windows Metafile 0 Similar to AI files 0 Used for logos 0 Can be scaled big and small as Vectors have no loss in definition. 0 Can contain both vector and bitmap components
- 16. Compression 0 Lossy compression is the way in which files sizes are reduced by reducing the amount of information that is saved. 0 Images become more pixelated as they are compressed as they save smaller amounts of coloured squares each time Low compression Medium compression High compression
- 17. Image Capture 0 Graphics can be captured in a variety of ways 0 Scanner 0You can digitise physical images like sketches, physical photos or mixed media products 0 Digital Camera 0Taking pictures 0 Tablet 0A piece of technology that allows you to control the mouse like a pen, allowing for enhanced control of drawing/selection/digital handwriting
- 18. Optimising 0 Images that are uploaded to the internet are optimised to ensure easy viewing on the web. 0 Images that are not optimised normally have a large file size, leading downloads to take a lot longer. 0 The larger the file size (pixel information) the longer images take to download. 0 Images should not be more than 500 pixels wide. 0 You can optimise for web my changing “Image Size” in Photoshop.
- 19. Optimising 0 Images can be optimised by: 0 Reducing image size 0 Reducing bit depth 0Bit depth refers to the amount of “bits” used regarding the colour of individual pixels 0 Reducing resolution 0The amount of pixels within the image 0 Compressing images 8 bits (256 colours) 4 bits (16 colours) 2 bits (4 colours)
- 20. Task 0 You need to; 0 Complete the Digital Graphics Pro-Forma 0 Research each file format listed and describe in detail the features of the format 0 Name 0 What the name stands for 0 What the format is used for 0 The advantages of using the format 0 The disadvantages of using the format 0 Link what you are discussing to specific industry examples (where are JPEGs used in the media? etc) 0 Include images to help illustrate your examples. 0 Discuss compression, capture, optimising, storage