final ppt nano with corrections
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Drug delivery involves transporting pharmaceutical compounds in the body to safely achieve their desired effects using technologies and systems. It concerns both the quantity and duration of drug presence. For example, protein drugs must be delivered via injection or nano-needles. Nanoparticles like liposomes, dendrimers, fullerenes, nanoshells, quantum dots, and nanorobots can provide targeted drug delivery, improved solubility, constant drug release rates, and increased stability.
final ppt nano with corrections
- 2. •Drug delivery is transportation of a pharmaceutical compound in the body to safely achieve the desired effect via use of system or technology. • It concerns with both quantity and duration of drug presence. •For example protein drugs have to be delivered by injection (daily life) or a nano-needle.
- 3. Classic vs. Nano Targeted delivery Targeting 1 Improved solubility 2 Constant rate of drug delivery 3 Increased drug stability 4
- 4. LIPOSOMES DENDRIMERSFULLERENES NANOSHELLS Materials used QUANTUM DOTS NANOROBOTS NANOSENSORS
- 5. Structure of Nanorobotics Nanorobots are nanodevices that are used for the purpose of maintaining and protecting the human body against pathogens. Size: Diameter of about 0.5 to 0.3microns. What are Nanobots? Designs is derived from biological models. Components are onboard sensors, motors, manipulators , power suppliers, molecular components. Best known biological sample is ribosome used to construct robotic arm. Synthesis of Nanobots Parasite removal Fighting cancer Breaking up kidney stones Breaking up blood clots Treating Arteriosclerosis. Medical application
- 6. Nanorobots may treat conditions like arteriosclerosis by physically chipping away the plaque along artery walls How blood swimming robots work Nanobots carry small USG to deliver frequencies directly to kidney stone
- 7. A quantum dot is a nano-crystal made of semiconductor materials that glow when excited by a light source at any wavelength from infrared to ultraviolet. Size: 5 and 20nm. What are Quantum dots? The synthesis of quantum dots is done by using precursors, organometallic surfactants, and solvents. Heating the solution at high temperature, the precursors decompose forming monomers which then nucleate and generate nanocrystals. How they are made… They are specifically attached to biological materials such as cells , proteins and nucleic acids making them powerful tagging agents. Advantages of QD technology high sensitivity, Fluorescence stable, highly resistant to degradation Application and advantages Quantum dots
- 8. Liposomes can encapsulate and transport water soluble ingredients in their polar cavity and oil soluble ingredients in their hydrophobic cavity. Liposomes are spherical vesicles with a phospholipid bilayer and are extensively used in drug. They are versatile and allow tagging of small molecules for targeted delivery. Size : arround 200nm What are liposomes ? 1. Polycarbonate membrane extrusion method. 2. High pressure homogenisation. 3. Reversed phase evaporation method. 4. Sonication method. Synthesis of liposomes Two methods are used :Active and passive Active targeting of the drug can be achieved by using immuno-liposomes and ligand directed liposomes. Targeting of liposomal drugs
- 9. Buckyball (C60 ) They are spherical arrangement of carbon atoms. They were discovered by Richard Buckminster Fuller. They are neither graphite nor diamond. Size ~1nm. What is fullerenes ? Method used: 1. Carbon-arc method -two graphite rods are used -current is passed for 10s -carbon arc is created and soot is formed -10 % is C60 2. Laser Ablation -quartz system, one end fitted with laser and another with copper collector -laser beam hits graphite target Synthesis of buckyballs The core of fullerene is hydrophobic in nature. When hydrophilic moieties are attached, fullerenes become water-soluble and are capable of carrying drugs for the cellular delivery. Fullerenes has the capacity to penetrate through intact skin Application in drug delivery Endohedral metallofullerence Laser Ablation MethodCarbon arc Method
- 10. 1. Prevention of drug from biological degradation 4. Patient compliance 3. Effective targeting 2. Cost effectiveness