Nanotechnology baseddrugdelivery.ppt
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Nanotechnology can be used to improve drug delivery in 3 key ways: 1) Nanoparticles can effectively target drugs to specific areas, like tumors, improving treatment and reducing side effects. Different types of nanoparticles like gold nanorods, quantum dots, and liposomes are being developed for targeted delivery. 2) Nanoparticles can help protect drugs from degradation and control their release in the body over extended time periods, improving compliance. This allows drugs to be administered less frequently. 3) Nanotechnology has the potential to lower drug costs by allowing conventional drugs to be delivered more effectively in low doses using nanoparticle carriers, extending their patent lifetimes.
Nanotechnology baseddrugdelivery.ppt
- 1. November 8, 2011 Sumit Kumar Pramanik Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Jadavpur
- 2. Nanotechnology Based Drug Delivery (I) Introduction – a) what is nanotechnolgy? b) So far its major application (II)Nanotechnology in drug delivery – a) Why nanoparticle is used? b) Different examples (c) Conclusion
- 3. (I) Introduction: What is Nano-scale ? 1.27 × 10 7 m 0.22 m 0.7 × 10 -9 m Fullerenes C 60 12,756 Km 22 cm 0.7 nm 10 millions times smaller 1 billion times smaller
- 4. Applications of Nanotechnology in day to day life…. Information Technology Energy Medicine Consumer Goods Smaller, faster, more energy efficient and powerful computing and other IT-based systems More efficient and cost effective technologies for energy production Solar cells Fuel cells Batteries Bio fuels Foods and beverages Advanced packaging materials, sensors, and lab-on-chips for food quality testing Appliances and textiles Stain proof, water proof and wrinkle free textiles Cancer treatment Bone treatment Drug delivery Drug development Medical tools Diagnostic tests Imaging
- 5. Applications of Nano-biotechnology in therapeutics: • Medical Diagnostic tools and Sensors • Drug Delivery • Pharmacocatalysis • Medical Imaging • Filters
- 6. Challenges to make the drug more effective via Nanotechnology: Prevention of drug from biological degradation Effective Targeting Patient Compliance Cost effectiveness Product life extensio n
- 7. Nanotechnology in Cancer therapy: Diagnosis using Quantum Dots Tumor Targeted Delivery Imaging Cancer Gene Therapy etc….
- 8. Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Metal-based nanoparticles – Au, Ag, Cd-Se, Zn-S etc Lipid-based nanoparticles – Liposome & Neosome based…. Polymer-based nanoparticles – Dendrimer, Micelle Biological nanoparticles – Bovine-albumin serum based… The following different types of np-based drug-delivery systems will be discussed elaborately ….
- 9. Thermal ablation of cancer cells by ‘ Silica-gold ’ nano shells Thermal ablation of cancer cells assisted by nanoshells coated with metallic layer and by applying an external energy source to kill them…..
- 10. Gold Nanoparticles surrounding appropriate dielectric materials can absorb light in the near infra red region which becomes hot and can kill the cells in their proximity. This technique has now been used for the treatment of cancer.
- 11. Gastrin Releasing Protein (GRP) Receptor Specific Gold Nano-rods General structure of GNR-BBN conjugates. GNR-BBN conjugates have very high binding affinity toward GRP receptors in cancer cells and can easily enter into the cancer cell. The selective delivery of GNRs to tumoral region can be achieved by attaching a target-specific protein (BBN). Bombesin (BBN) Gold nanorod (GNR)
- 12. Quantum Dot Based Drug Delivery System to Target Cancer Quantum Dots conjugated to peptide/antibodies specific against the cancer marker on the surface of the target cancer cells would be made to release the drug only when hit with laser light. This would allow control of the cells that will receive the toxin, thus minimizing side effects. Quantum Dots: Quantum dots are tiny particles, or “nanoparticles”, of a semiconductor material, traditionally chalcogenides (selenides or sulfides) of metals like cadmium or zinc (CdSe or ZnS, for example), which range from 2 to 10 nanometers in diameter (about the width of 50 atoms).
- 13. Brain-The ultimate target for drug delivery The mechanism for transport is due to endocytosis via the low density lipoprotein receptor of endothelial cells after absorption of lipoproteins from blood plasma to the nanoparticles. The BBB is formed by the single layer of endothelial cells that line the inner surfaces of capillaries in the brain. In the brain, the endothelial cells fit tightly together and substances cannot pass out of the bloodstream.
- 15. Niosome based drug delivery:
- 16. Polymer based nano-technology:Micelle Micelle is an aggregate of amphiphilic molecules in water, with the nonpolar portions in the interior and the polar portions at the exterior surface, exposed to water….
- 17. Dendrimers These branched macromolecules are constructed around a simple core unit. Dendrimers have a high degree of molecular uniformity, narrow molecular weight distribution, specific size and shape characteristics, and a highly- functionalized terminal surface.
- 19. Polymeric Nano-particles In recent years, biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention as potential drug delivery devices in view of their applications in drug targeting to particular organs/tissues, as carriers of DNA in gene therapy, and in their ability to deliver proteins, peptides and genes.
- 20. Carbon 60
- 21. Carbon 60 C60 are spherical molecules about 1nm in diameter, comprising 60 carbon atoms arranged as 20 hexagons and 12 pentagons: the configuration of a football. It has nanopharmaceuticals application as antimicrobial agent in view of its potency for induction of reactive oxygen species after photo excitation. On the other hand with development of various chemical substitutes for C60, it is possible to develop functionalized C60 with better drug targeting properties
- 22. Carbon Nanotube
- 23. Biological nano-particles from bovine-serum albumin for drug delivery The disadvantages in use of liposome which has low encapsulation efficiency, rapid leakage of water-soluble drug in presence of blood component and poor storage stability. The benefits of protein nanoparticles are: nontoxicity, stability for long duration,non-antigen also posse biodegradability.
- 25. Significant achievements of nano-technology so far: Development of one dose a day ciprofloxacin using nanotechnology Tumor targeted taxol delivery using nanoparticles Improved ophthalmic delivery formulation using smart hydrogel nanoparticles Oral insulin formulation using nanoparticles carriers. Liposomal based Doxorubicin B formulation
- 26. Conclusion It involves low cost research compared that for discovery of new chemical entity. Minimizing the drug usage would significantly reduce the effective cost of drug which would give financial relief to the patients. Novel means of delivery particularly using nano-carriers, can allow branded drugs to be rescued from abyss of generic competition.
- 27. Acknowledgement To my Supervisor Dr. Biswadip Banerji, My labmates, Faculty of chemistry Departments, My friends of IICB
- 28. Thanks