Final Research Presentation
- 1. The Effects of A Sediment Trap on Benthic Macroinvertebrate Populations in the North Branch of the Boardman River Whitney Nelson, Calvin College Adviser: Daniel Ippolito, Anderson University
- 3. Boardman Watershed and Uses
- 6. Effects of River Sedimentation
- 7. Sand Trap
- 8. Boardman River Sand Trap Installed in 1994, with yearly sand removal until 2006 Over 6,000 cubic yards of sand removed since construction
- 10. Sampling Methods Kick-net Surber Sampler
- 11. Upstream Sites
- 12. Downstream Sites
- 14. Common Macroinvertebrates: Ephemerellidae, Drunella Leptohyphidae, Tricorythodes Heptageniidae, Heptagenia
- 15. Common Macroinvertebrates: Brachycentridae, Brachycentrus Heliocopsychidae, Heliocopsyche
- 16. Common Macroinvertebrates: Elmidae, Opitoservus (larvae and adult) Athericidae, Atherix Chironomidae
- 18. Simpson’s Indices and Chi-Squared Test Upstream Downstream Taxa Richness (# of Morphospecies) 77 89 # of individuals 5611 6813 Dominance (D) 0.1099 0.0844 Simpson (1-D) 0.8901 0.9156
- 19. “ EPT” Ratio Index and Chi-Squared Values Upstream Downstream EPT ratio Average 21.1 31.4 "EPT" ratio index. The sum of E + T+ P / # Chronomid larvae (Crawford and Lenat, 1989)
- 20. Comparisons…
- 21. Functional Group Comparisons Collector-gatherer Collector-filterers Scrapers Predators Others Upstream 10.2% 41.7% 28.6% 13.4% 6.0% Downstream 21.4% 37.0% 28.7% 10.9% 2.0%
- 24. Conclusions Upstream and Downstream riffles not pronouncedly different. Why? Abundance of opportunistic species. Summer sampling = lack of emergent species Sand trap last emptied 2006
- 25. Possible Sources of Error Sampling Error - Sorting - Riffle error Statistical Error Student ignorance Area multiplier ≠ actual sample
- 26. Next Summer? Cleaner Sampling methods – Either Surber or Kick-net sampling Sample as early as possible (perhaps a J-term student coming back for research)?
- 27. Acknowledgements Hal Reed (ORU), Research Director Dave Mahan (ASI), Mentor Dan Ippolito (Anderson U), Mentor Aquatic Bio, 2007 John Csoros, Josh Dockery
- 28. References Alexander, G.R., Hansen, E.A. 1986. Sand bed load in a brook trout stream. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 6:9-23. Angradi, T.R. 1999. Fine sediments and macroinvertebrate assemblages in Appalachian streams: a field experiment with biomonitoring applications. J.N. Am. Benthol. Soc. 18: 49-66. Department of Natural Resources, Michigan. 2007. DNR-Boardman river. http://www.michigan.gov/dnr/0,1607,7-153- 30301_31431_31442-95769--,00.html (June 25, 2007). Ervin, T, Kalish, T. 2006 Traverse City, Mi. Boardman river dams project. Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Cities Initiative. http://www.glslcities.org/TraverseCity_Dam_Project.pdf (July 8, 2007). Horn, H.S. 1966. Measurement of “overlap” in comparative ecological studies. Amer. Matur. 100:416-424 Largent, S. 2007. Boardman river project. http://www.boardmanriver.org (June 24, 2007). Lenat, D.R. 1988. Water quality assessment of streams using a qualitative collection method for benthic macroinvertebrates. J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. 7:222-233.
- 29. References Plafkin, J.L., Barbour, M.T., Porter, K.D., Gross, S.K., Hughes, R.M. 1989. Rapid bioassessment protocols for use in streams and rivers: benthic macroinvertebrates and fish. U.S. Enviornmental Protection Agency. EPA 440/4-89/001. 8 chapters, Appendices A-D. Simpson, E.H. 1949. Measurement of diversity. Nature. 163:688. Surber, E.W. 1936. Rainbow trout and bottom fauna production in one mile of stream. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 66:193-202. Woller, M.M. 2007.River restoration in Northwest Michigan. http://www.liaa.info/crabmp/default.asp (June 26, 2007) Zweig, L.D., Rabeni, C.F. 2001. Biomonitoring for deposited sediment using benthic invertebrates: a test on 4 Missouri streams. J. N.Am. Benthol. Soc. 20:643-657.