Final technical report baru

3.3 HOUSING ....................................................................................... 34 3.7.3 ROAD INTERSECTION ............................................................ 164
3.3.1 HOUSING DISTRIBUTION AND PATTERN ................................ 35 3.7.4 TRAFFIC VOLUME.................................................................. 171
Table of Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 2 3.3.2 HOUSING DENSITY.................................................................. 39 3.7.5 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT ....................................................... 183

1.1 GENERAL IDEA OF SPECIAL AREA PLAN .......................................... 2 3.3.3 HOUSING CONDITION ............................................................ 42 3.7.6 PARKING STUDIES ................................................................. 186

1.2 IMPORTANCE OF SPECIAL AREA PLAN IN STUDY AREA .................. 2 3.3.4 HOUSING PROJECTION ........................................................... 46 3.7.7 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION.................................................... 190

1.3 PURPOSES OF TECHNICAL REPORT ................................................. 2 3.4.1 COMMERCIAL PATTERNS AND DISTRIBUTION ....................... 50 3.7.8 PEDESTRIAN .......................................................................... 195

1.4 ISSUES AND CONSTRAINTS ............................................................. 2 3.4 COMMERCIAL AND SERVICES ........................................................ 50 3.8 URBAN DESIGN AND CONSERVATION ......................................... 199

1.5 MISSION, OBJECTIVES AND VISION ................................................. 3 3.4.2 CURRENT COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES ...................................... 53 3.8.1 TOWNSCAPE ELEMENT .................................................. 208

2.0 SITE PROFILE........................................................................................ 4 3.4.3 COMMERCIAL’S BUILDING CONDITIONS................................ 72 3.8.2 VISUAL QUALITY ............................................................ 215

2.1 SITE BACKGROUND ......................................................................... 4 3.4.4 PREMISES OWNERSHIP .......................................................... 80 3.8.3 CONSERVATION BUILDINGS AND AREA IN KUALA KUBU
3.4.5 COMMERCIAL PROJECTION .................................................... 89 BHARU ........................................................................................... 238
2.2 HIERARCHY OF TOWN ..................................................................... 4
3.5.1 EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES ....................................................... 90 5.9.1 SOFTSCAPE ELEMENTS ......................................................... 249
2.3 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION ........................................................... 4
3.5 PUBLIC FACILITIES.......................................................................... 90 3.9 LANDSCAPE AND RECREATION .............................................. 249
2.4 HISTORY OF KUALA KUBU BHARU .................................................. 5
3.5.2 TRAINING INSTITUTIONS ........................................................ 92 5.9.2 HARDSCAPE ELEMENTS ........................................................ 253
2.4.1 LEGEND BECOMES A PART OF HISTORY................................... 5
3.5.3 ADMINISTRATION................................................................... 96 5.9.3 RECREATION ......................................................................... 256
2.4.2 SUPERSTITIONS. ....................................................................... 5
3.5.4 RELIGIOUS FACILITIES ............................................................. 99 3.10 ENVIRONMENT .......................................................................... 263
2.4.3 THE AFTERMATH ...................................................................... 5
3.5.5 RECREATIONAL FACILITIES ................................................... 103 3.10.1 TOPOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE PATTERN ........................... 264
2.5 LOCATION........................................................................................ 6
3.5.6 CULTURAL FACILITIES ........................................................... 106 3.10.2 LOCAL CLIMATE .................................................................. 268
3.0 SECTORAL FOCUS ................................................................................ 7
3.5.7 HEALTH FACILITIES ............................................................... 108 3.10.3 RIVER WATER QUALITY ....................................................... 270
3.1 LAND USE ........................................................................................ 7
3.5.8 SAFETY FACILITIES ................................................................ 109 3.10.4 AIR QUALITY........................................................................ 273
3.1.1 LAND USE DISTRIBUTIONS ....................................................... 9
3.5.9 CEMETRIES ........................................................................... 110 3.10.5 NOISE LEVEL ........................................................................ 275
3.1.2 COMMITED DEVELOPMENT ................................................... 11
3.5.10 TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES ............................................ 111 3.11 TOURISM.................................................................................... 278
3.1.3 LAND OWNERSHIP ................................................................. 12
3.5.11 WELFARE FACILITIES ........................................................... 111 3.11.2 ACCOMMODATION............................................................. 295
3.1.4 LAND VALUE ........................................................................... 12
3.5.12 PROJECTION ....................................................................... 115 3.11.3 PROFILE AND TOURIST ARRIVAL IN KUALA KUBU BHARU .. 297
3.1.5 LAND AVAILIBILITY ................................................................. 12
3.6 INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES................................................ 120 4.0 CONCLUSION ............................................................................. 306
3.2.1 TOTAL POPULATION IN KUALA KUBU BHARU........................ 18
3.5.1 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY .............................................................. 121 5.0 GANTT CHART .................................................................................. 307
3.2 DEMOGRAPHY & SOCIO-ECONOMY ............................................. 18
3.2.2 GENDER (SEX RATIO) .............................................................. 19 3.5.2 TELECOMMUNICATION ........................................................ 124

3.2.3 ETHNIC DISTRIBUTION ........................................................... 19 3.5.3 DRAINAGE SYSTEM ............................................................... 127

3.2.4 AGE ......................................................................................... 20 3.5.4 WATER SUPPLY ..................................................................... 132

3.2.6 DEPENDENCY RATE ................................................................ 21 3.5.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT .............................................. 138

3.2.7 EMPLOYMENT DISTRIBUTION ................................................ 21 3.5.6 SEWERAGE SYSTEM .............................................................. 142

3.2.6 STANDARD LIVING OF COMMUNITY...................................... 25 3.7 TRAFFIC &TRANSPORTATION ...................................................... 148

3.2.7 SAFETY LEVEL OF COMMUNITY ............................................. 28 3.7.1 ROAD CIRCULATION ............................................................. 149

3.2.8 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL.............................................................. 30 3.7.2 ROAD GEOMETRIC AND ROAD CAPACITY ............................ 153

1

1.0 INTRODUCTION The importance of Kuala Kubu Bharu Special Area Plan is: 1.3 PURPOSES OF TECHNICAL REPORT

1.1 GENERAL IDEA OF SPECIAL AREA PLAN
 Translate the policies and proposals in the Selangor State Technical report is one of the processes that includes in preparing a

S
Structure Plan 2020 in a more specific ways in terms of comprehensive Special Area Plan. The purpose is to explain in
pecial Area Plan (SAP) is an improvement plan provided
current and future land use. details all the information and data regarding Kuala Kubu Bharu
in short periods for the implementation objectives. The
area based on the survey and research. After all the data have been
main product of SAP is a Development Action Plan  Ensure the development strategy and direction of Kuala
analyzed, crucial information will be extracted. Thru this process,
prepared whether in layout plan form or Management Plan which Kubu Bharu Special Area Plan corresponds with the
the issues and constraints for Kuala Kubu Bharu area can be
supported by specification. SAP also provides proposal of Selangor State Structure Plan 2020.
recognized and identified. All of these data will become a summary
development programmed which contains phase, cost, and
 Provide more specifically the development guidelines based about the research findings for every aspect such as residential,
implementation approach. SAP prepared for the purpose speed up a
on the general guidelines proposed by the Selangor State commercial and etc which it will draw out the suitable proposal to
plan advancement detailed patterned local and for those areas
Structure Plan 2020. Kuala Kubu Bharu Special Area Plan tackle all the issues and constraints in Development Proposal
having special interest. In ascertaining site selection for SAP
also provides basic criteria and principles Report. At this stage, general idea of proposal can be identify so
provision should give consideration into two (2) factors namely
that the more specific plan can be executed in the next stage.
regional importance and SAP size of the area. Generally SAP area  Provide the foundation in coordinating the development
size necessarily suitable and easy manage (manageable), subject to programmed including the projects which have been
that the authorities need. As guide, proposed RKK's size of the area identified in the planning studies and land development by 1.4 ISSUES AND CONSTRAINTS
which involves development area is not exceeding 100 hectares. various government and private entities.
 Identify the natural and man-made resources in Kuala Kubu In developing the Kuala Kubu Bharu, the major issue that had been
Bharu which possess environment significance, historical identified is uncontrolled development which threatening the role
1.2 IMPORTANCE OF SPECIAL AREA PLAN IN STUDY
value and the scenery which ought to be conserved. of Kuala Kubu Bharu as heritage of the garden city in Malaysia and
AREA
 Ensuring allocation of social facilities, utilities and an administrative town of Hulu Selangor. The issue is:
Kuala Kubu Bharu Special Area Plan is a document containing an infrastructure are balanced with the present and future  Some green area which is a main element of the garden city
overall plan for Kuala Kubu Bharu which includes the Proposal development. concept had been turning off into permanent physical
Map and Written Statements supported by the implementation  Coming up with and discussing the planning issues and building. Uncontrolled development adjacent to the green
guidelines meant for special action development and land use. giving detail proposals to the public. The study ought to belt in the study area can cause the concept of garden city is
clearly explain the development consequences which will gradually disappear from view.
be in their favor and opportunities that will arise.  Most of the heritage building such monument and
government agencies building in the study area are not
preserved and conserved as much as it should be.
 The government quarters along Jalan Syed Manshor which
was a British officer residence during the time of British
rule in Malaya is left abandoned and covered with
bushes without any conservation activities.

2

 Most of building design of the shop lots in the town DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES
centre of Kuala Kubu Bharu town which is rich with The objectives of Kuala Kubu Bharu Special Area Plan are to:
historical value is not conserved and there is no
standard guideline in controlling the renovation  Strengthen the function of Kuala Kubu Bharu as the
activities of the building. administrative centre of Hulu Selangor through effective
and comprehensive physical appearance and public
infrastructure.
1.5 MISSION, OBJECTIVES AND VISION
 Enhance the image of Kuala Kubu Bharu due to its heritage
MISSION
as the first garden city being implemented in Malaysia.

The mission of Kuala Kubu Bharu Technical Report is to improve  Improve the traffic condition in Kuala Kubu Bharu to serve

the image of Kuala Kubu Bharu as the administrative centre of its function as the administrative centre of Hulu Selangor.

District Hulu Selangor in-line with its history as the heritage of  Improve the image and the identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu
garden city. according to fundamental characteristic due to its history as
the first garden city in Malaysia.
VISION  Upgrade the quality of the public transportation services
suitable to its function as the administrative centre of Hulu

REJUVENATE THE Selangor.
 Improve socio-economic status and supportive facilities
VINTAGE with consideration of the needs of local residents.
 Preserve and conserve the natural resources as well as the
built environment significance on the heritage and natural
The vision for Special Area Plan of Kuala Kubu Bharu is:
environment.
“Rejuvenate the Vintage” means giving a new breath to Kuala
 Strengthen Kuala Kubu Bharu as the transit centre for
Kubu Bharu town, which in a way to elevate the current status of
economy and tourism.
Kuala Kubu Bharu town as administrative centre of Hulu Selangor
district in-line with its history as the first garden city in Malaysia.

3

2.0 SITE PROFILE
2.1 SITE BACKGROUND
Kuala Kubu Bharu (KKB) is a rebuilt city after the old town of Kuala Kubu was destroyed in floods that
occurred in 1883 and 1926. KKB has a high historical value based on the city's role in the past as an area
rich in tin mining and the position as gateway to Pahang. As well as the myth of its own, this area is also
the first „Garden City' in Malay Land at that time.
The function of Kuala Kubu Bharu is as an administrative centre as all of the government
building situated in the main town. The KKB still maintain the green physical characteristic. Residential
quarters and a lot of various government institutions remained in the urban character of the area while
still maintaining its heritage. In addition, KKB is also a transit point for visitors heading to Fraser's Hill.
Thus, KKB should be developing with more effectively to exploit its resources as KKB is still a focal STUDY AREA
point of local and rural communities. However, natural features shall be preserved in KKB.

2.2 HIERARCHY OF TOWN
According to the Selangor Structure Plan of 2020, Kuala Kubu Baru Town has been categorized as the
Sub-Regional Centre which is the third hierarchy in the hierarchy of the Growth Centre and Partial of the
Strategic Development of Selangor after the Country Regional Centre and the State Regional Centre.
From the context of development zone of the existing state, Kuala Kubu Bharu Town is a part of the
„Scenic Development Network‟ Selangor, where from the Networking aspects region. The town is also
known as the centre of secondary transit that connects between Selangor, Fraser Hills and Tanjung
Malim.

2.3 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION
The population of people in Kuala Kubu Bharu will increase yearly and the number of population LEGEND

was estimated in table below.

YEAR POPULATION

2007 14477
2011 14897

PROJECTION
` Figure 2.2.1: Hierarchy of Kuala Kubu Bharu.
2020 15866
Source: Hulu Selangor District Council (MDHS)
Figure 2.3.1: The population distribution.
Source: Hulu Selangor District Council (MDHS)

4

2.4 HISTORY OF KUALA KUBU BHARU
2.4.1 LEGEND BECOMES A PART OF HISTORY
2.4.2 SUPERSTITIONS.
On 29/10/1883, major flood has occurred in Selangor River. The floods have caused collapse of Kuala
Kubu dam and submerge the entire weekend Kuala Kubu. This important event recorded in the history
because this flood leads to the existing Kuala Kubu Bharu town. The broken dam is approximately 1.6 The residents of Kuala Kubu Bharu remember the tragedy that occurred over a century ago in 1883,
kilometres and width exceeding 91.4 meters. It was made using log and land reclaim across Sungai Kubu when a much smaller dam across the Selangor River burst and destroyed the entire town. They say the
which a small river from Sungai Selangor. first District Magistrate and Revenue Collector, Cecil Ranking, tried to kill
the crocodile penunggu (spirit guardian of the river) in defiance of the native superstitions - and within
Kuala Kubu area can be said as the rain catchment area and it was often rain here. Due to the
days a monstrous flash flood smashed the dam and buried Kuala Kubu town under tons of mud. After the
heavy rain, the river becomes shallow and illegal logging activities unfortunately contribute to the
waters subsided, Ranking‟s body was found atop a tree (which gives a graphic idea how high the
erosion of riverside. Not long after, Sungai Selangor can no long hold the amount of water and it
floodwaters reached).
collapse, destroying all old Kuala Kubu town.
2.4.3 THE AFTERMATH
The incident has claimed a lot of lives and property. A total of 33, including Cecil Ranking, First
English District Officer and Magistrate in the district were killed. 38 houses washed away and the only
After the tragedy, the British government decided to build a new town near the remains of Kuala Kubu.
source of economy in that particular area that is tin mines also was badly impact. This tragedy also The new town was named Kuala Kubu Bharu, with Bharu meaning "new" in the Malay language.
known as the “History of Kuala Kubu”
Residential houses have been developed since the 1980s in the previously abandoned old town, or
Ampang Pecah. Most inhabitants are from the nearby new town of Kuala Kubu Bharu. The
redevelopment of Ampang Pecah, the site of the old town, was a natural progression on the organic
Kuala Kubu opened in the eighteenth century by the Malays and they are the workers of tin
growth of the new township of Kuala Kubu Bharu. A monument was built here to commemorate the
mining activities in that area. The District is also a bastion of resistance between Syed Mashor, Raja
Kuala Kubu tragedy.
Mahdi against Tengku Kudin in the Selangor Civil War in 1867-1874.
(Sources: Arkib Negara)

The effort to rebuild Kuala Kubu has been made, and in 1931, the town of Kuala Kubu Bharu has
been developed which remains until now and known as the Hulu Selangor district administrative centre,
replacing Kuala Kubu Old which in the memories.

5

2.5 LOCATION
SELANGOR is one of the 13 states of Malaysia. It is on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and is Kuala Kubu Bharu located in the North part of Selangor in Sub-District of Ampang Pecah under the
bordered by Perak to the north, Pahang to the east, Negeri Sembilan to the south and the Strait of Administration of Hulu Selangor District Council. The study area of Kuala Kubu Bharu is approximately
Malacca to the west. The study area which is Hulu Selangor, located in the North part of Selangor, 66Km from Kuala Lumpur, 21Km from Tanjung Malim and 10Km from Rawang.
Malaysia.

KE IPOH

PERAK

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KE RAUB

Bukit
Tanjung Fraser
Malim
PAHANG
• Ulu Bernam Gap

Kalumpang

STUDY AREA STUDY AREA
Kawasan Kajian
i
eng
.T
Sg
Kuala
HULU Kerling Kubu Bharu

SELANGOR

Rasa
r
go
lan
Se
KUALA Sg.
Batang
SELANGOR Kali
Bukit
Beruntung Genting
Hulu Highlands
Yam

Bandar Sg
Buaya Serendah
Figure 2.5.1: The Key Plan of Kuala Kubu Bharu
Sg. Choh

Rawang GOMBAK
Rawang
KUALA LUMPUR GOMBAK
LEGEND
KE KUALA LUMPUR

Main Road and Highway Site Boundary Rivers

Figure 2.5.2: The Location Plan of Kuala Kubu
Bharu

6

OBJECTIVE METHODOLOGY OF LAND USE SECTOR
3.0 SECTORAL FOCUS The main objectives of this land use study are to identify; The chronology/methodology of how data are going to be present
3.1 LAND USE  To identify the existing land use pattern of Kuala Kubu and analyze can be understood by show.
Bharu study area.

P
Goal
hysical aspect study and land use was conducted to  To verify the available land that exists and the potential to
determine the current state or the changes that occurred be developed. STAGE 1 Objective
mainly on the pattern of land use in KKB. This research SCOPE OF STUDIES
Scope of studies
focuses on the dispersion of land use and land-use group Scope One: Land use Pattern and Distributions.
 Land use pattern and distribution are related to the existing Technical Report Focus
classification being based on land use was determined to find out
the current pattern of land use in the KKB. The analysis carried out of the land use in terms of the types, acreage and percentage Findings: Primary Data
will be able to determine the ability and preparedness of the land of the land use and also the intensity of the land use at study
STAGE 2 All the primary data can be
and help in forming the future strategies of development to address area.
done by fieldwork, observation,
current issues related to the physical aspects of the KKB. In photo and etc.
addition, the potential areas and the obstacle will also be identified. Scope Two: Land Ownership.
Thus, aspects of land use studies are necessary to ensure that each  Land ownership is related to ownership of the land whether Findings: Secondary Data
component of the proposed development of appropriate and timely it belong to government, private land or gazette land and
The secondary data can be
with the current situation as well as land use can prevent a host of also the lot title of the land and the owners.
used from the related
problems and conflicts of land use. department such as MDHS
STAGE 3
Land Use has been concerned with the use of ground space. Scope Three: Land Value. and local authority.
The classifications of land uses are; Residential, commercial,  Land value can be estimate based on location and potential
The data can be shown by
industrial, open space and recreational area, and agriculture. The of the site. If the land near to the commercial or near the
using models such as chart,
existing pattern of land uses also taking a look into the matter of town city the value is more expensive than others. table and etc.
land ownership, land value, land availability, potential and
constraints, issues and problems related to the land uses as well as Scope four: Committed Development.
 Committed development is a development that still in ANALYSIS
the adjacent land use developments and committed developments
progress and also the development that have been proposed STAGE 4
which will bring impact to the study area physically, economically Analysis can be done by
and socially. to the site for the future. This committed development interpreting the outcome of
usually covered stage by stage until it complete and it also findings.

take a long period to implement and finish.

Scope five: Land Availability.
 Land availability is an empty land that can be used for
development for the future.

7

TOPOGRAPHY PLAN OF KUALA KUBU BHARU

LEGEND

Two-Dimensional View (2D)

Note *
Plan View of Kuala Kubu Bharu Location
Each scale given is measuring two meters.

8

GENERAL OVERVIEW OF LAND USE CONTENTS

SCOPE DATA/FINDINGS PURPOSE OUTCOME

 Recognize the trends of Land Use.
ONE Pattern and distribution: Type, Acreage, and To determine the distributions and pattern of the  Ensure the compatibility of Land Uses with
Percentage of existing land use. land use of Kuala Kubu Bharu. other sector.
 Optimize the land management.

TWO Land Ownership To identify whether the land is under government or  View of tenure and ownership of the land.
private.

To compare KKB‟s current land value by evaluating  Comparison and reason of the different land
THREE Land Value current and previous land value of every corner and values.
parcel.

FOUR Committed Development To ensure the township development is focused on  Determine future development for site study.
the stated development area.

FIVE Land Availability To verify the available land that exist and it‟s  Identified existing surrounding land that can
potential to be developed. be developed.

PHYSICAL ANALYSIS OF CURRENT LAND USE Table 3.1.1: The details of current land use in KKB

3.1.1 LAND USE DISTRIBUTIONS The whole KKB is covering an area of 1463.33 acres of land uses
I. Topography. consists of residential, business and services, industrial, AREA PERCENTAGE
NO CURRENT LAND USE (Acres) (%)
Generally, the physical characteristics of the whole area of agricultural, institution and community facilities, open space and
recreation, and road networks. In addition there is also committed 1 Residential 328.61 22.46
KKB are flat. There is a hilly area with a height of 124 meters
2 Commercial & Services 143.97 9.84
above sea level which is in the area near the commuter station to the development either in the implementation of the project or
3 Industrial 4.21 0.28
KKB and the other area of 84 meters at the Government Hill‟s road has obtained the approval of MDHS. In conclusion, major
4 Agriculture 97.85 6.69
and in the northern part of KKB which is at quarters housing area component of our study area is conquered by road type of land use
5 Institution & Public 326.54 22.31
with total acreage and percentage of 342.46 and 23.40%. This Facilities
near the Hulu Selangor District Hospital and the lowest height is 56 6 Open Space & 28.78 1.97
meters. Based on the topography, it is not a barrier for this KKB to followed by residential with total acreage of 328.61 acres and Recreations
7 Vacant Land 190.91 13.05
receive any form of physical development because the area does percentage of 22.46% and institution and public facilities with the
8 Transportation (Road) 342.46 23.40
not have steep slope or any physical aspect that require special size of 326.54 acres that is 22.31%; this clearly shows that KKB is
TOTAL 1463.33 100.00
planning. building a stable area for development.

9

I. Residential III. Agriculture. V. Institutions and Community Facilities

As the crucial type of land use in every development, There are several agricultural areas in the KKB such Land use for institution and public facilities covers an area

residential cover up of a total of 328.61 acres or 22% or the total as rubber and various traces of crops such as of 326.54 acres (22.31%). The category of institution and public

area. From these total acreages, it consists of private housing units banana plantations with the total area 97.85 acre (6.69%). Both facilities are educational, religious, heath, government institution,

by 1963 (59.41%) and government quarters of 1480 housing units areas are close to the industry and residential areas. This shows other public facilities and cemeteries. The land use for educational

(40.59%). From the total, it is estimated 70% of housing in poor that many residents in the area of agricultural activities although purposes covers around 80.4 acres(24.64%)., which in the case

condition but still have occupants. Most of the private housing is the location of the agricultural area is quite unfavourable since it is only include secondary schools, primary schools, religious schools

located just off the KKB and acceptable condition. The residential located at the hilly area and will require high cost to develop it. and kindergarten. Religious place like masjid and temple cover an

quarters consist of JKR quarters, traffic police, police headquarters, area of 6.51 acres (2.00%). Hospital and clinic takes up a total area

hospitals, military and teachers. Majority in poor condition but still IV. Commercials and Services. of 33.57 acres (10.28%) and followed by government institution

occupied and there were some old abandoned quarters in Jalan The majority of commercials activities and services in KKB which sums of 33.63acres (10.30%).

Hospital, Jalan Syed Mashor, Rasathurai Road and Traffic Police are located in development commercial area, which covers the total An institution and community facility in the KKB shows a

quarters in the way of the Government Hill. But the quarters are area 143.97 acres (9.84%). Among the types of business are as well-planned layout. The location of public facilities can be ease

very well planned and some of it has its own historical value. retail, food and drinks, markets, food courts and a variety of for the people to deal with such as with the government‟s office

Almost all of them are under the care of Public Works Department services to meet the people need. Besides that there are also and school. Besides that, there are some institutions

(JKR). hawkers alongside the main roads. In addition, there are lots of that developed away from the other institutions

vacant commercial land with no development and creating an
environment that is not uniform in the commercial. Table 3.1.2: Institutions and Public facilities current Land Use.
LAND USE
RESIDENTIAL LAND USE UNITS PERCENTAGE (%) INSTITUTIONS NO AREA PERCENTAGE
AND PUBLIC (ACRES) (%)
Private Housing 2167 59.41 FACILITIES
Institutions 9 80.4 24.62
Religious 6 6.51 2.00

Health 2 33.57 10.28
Government 13 33.63 10.30
Examples of commercial at KualaKubu Bharu Institution
Government 1480 40.59 Others Public 2 166.02 50.84
Facilities
In conclusion, the pattern of land use KKB commercial is at Cemetery 2 6.41 1.96
least satisfactory, especially in terms of land use planning which of TOTAL 25 326.54 100.00
the conflicting land use as well as the development of commercial
that is not in order. Industrial land use in the KKB is a wide area In conclusion, the Institutions and Public Facilities play an
4.21 acre (0.28%), which consists of two lots of land light important role to the communities of KKB because they basically
TOTAL 3647 100.00 industrial activities in Jalan Pahang. fill the basic need of people in KKB.
II.

10

Table 3.1.3: The Schedule shows the numbers of Public Facilities In overall, land use for open space and recreational in KKB is 28.78 VIII. Vacant Land.
in KKB. acres (1.97%) of the overall land use. Vacant Land in KKB can be categorized as these:
TYPE OF FACILITIES CURRENT STATUS
Secondary School 3 Schools Figure 1.4: Land Use of Open Space and Recreational.
A. A slump area for example the area near the Royal Police
LAND USE FOR OPEN Institute.
NO. SPACE AND AREA (acres) PERCENTAG
Primary School 6 Schools B. Infill land where the commercial lots are not being built by
RECREATIONAL E (%)
Hospital District Hospital 1. Open Space 19.40 67.41 the owner.
No. of staffs: 270 (30 vacancies)
Police Station District Police HQ Overall, vacant lands in KKB covers 190.01acres (13.05%) of
Fire Station D Class (1 hall, 3 bay) the whole land uses. All these vacant lands are not being taken care
For the need of <20,000 people
of and really give bad impressions to the whole KKB especially in
2. Sports and Recreational 9.38 32.59 the town area. These lands really need to be developed as it has lot
Based on the table above, the needs of the community
of potentials to boost the current economy of KKB.
facilities available in the KKB is sufficient. However, there are also
facilities that have yet to meet the standards set requirements, such
as hospitals. In addition, fire and rescue facilities are also found to
be in accordance with the standards set specifications.

TOTAL 28.78 100.0
VI. Open Space and Recreational.
Open space is any open piece of land that is undeveloped (has
In conclusion, It can be said that the open space and
no buildings or other built structures) and is accessible to the
recreational in KKB are mainly for the population as well as people Examples of vacant land at Kuala Kubu Bharu area
public. Open space provides recreational areas for residents and
coming, stopping by or visiting the city, but in such a way it
helps to enhance the beauty and environmental quality of
doesn‟t work really well for the open space.
neighbourhoods. But with this broad range of recreational sites 3.1.2 COMMITED DEVELOPMENT

comes an equally broad range of environmental issues. Just as in
VII. Roads and Transportation. Committed development means that certain land has been
any other land uses, the way parks are managed can have good or
342.46 acres (23.40%) of the KKB are for road developed according to what has been approved by the authority or
bad environmental impacts, from pesticide runoff, siltation from
and transportation purposes. This amount is included in any development that has been approved by the local authority.
overused hiking and logging trails, and destruction of habitat.
the road reserve is calculated as a green area and a buffer for the Committed development in KKB includes the development of
purpose of road widening and landscaping. Overall, the KKB road Residential lot involving almost 79.05 acres. Based on the analysis,
Below are the category of Open Space and Recreational
in this area requires more work and maintenance of it can be said that the development trend at Kuala Kubu Bharu is
Available in KKB:
road widening for the proposed route is more comfortable mainly focusing on the residential matter rather than other type of
A. Open spaces for landscape and children‟s playground.
and easier movement. land use. If this trend continues, unstable development trend will
B. Open spaces for sports and recreation such as stadiums and
sport complexes. cause problem in the future

11

3.1.3 LAND OWNERSHIP In term of empty lot, include physical constraints need to be maintain so, after the
Vacant Land Price Range (RM per square analysis, the land availability information can be retrieve and
The current status shows that 887.69 acres (60.66) of land in
feet) making it easier to make early development proposals.
KKB is belong to the government and government agencies such as
Residential Lot 25~40
Telekom, TNB, National Drugs Agency and the others.
Commercial Lot 40~60  Class one – Area that require high cost to be develop
574.64acres (39.27%) is private own land and the rest which is
Agriculture Land 15~25 Criteria for this class one is because of the location of the land
0.99acres (0.07%) is belong to private clubs (Chinese temple,
which is located at slope of 25% and located on at least 76 m above
Indian temple and Church) *Source from the Land Office
the ground level. This area can be classified as the environmental
sensitive area and high cost is require make this place live able.
NO LAND AREA PERCENTAGE Based on the price of the land, it can be concluded that the price
OWNERSHIP (acres) (%) isn‟t much different with the adjacent location such as Batang Kali
1 Government 887.69 60.66  Class two – Area that require moderate cost to be develop
or Bukit Beruntung. Even though the price does not have much
2 Private 574.64 39.27
Certain area is classified as class two because of the current high
3 Clubs 0.99 0.07 different, other factor such as commercial area, location to work
TOTAL 1463.33 100.00 development density at particular area like residential, commercial,
place and accessibility to Kuala Kubu Bharu are the main reason
Figure 1.5: Land Ownership in KKB.
industrial, institution and public facilities. With all the development
some of these land become abandoned and underutilized. These
surrounding, this area might require a little more cost rather than
prices might change in the future according the development trend
With most of the land is belong to the government, in a way
area with less development.
of the area and the surrounding area.
it will make any development easier especially the physical
development of the area without too many hassle going through
 Class three– Area that require less cost to be develop
acquisition process and this will save a lot of time. 3.1.5 LAND AVAILIBILITY The usual criteria for this class are the area is located at a less
As an existing town, Kuala Kubu Bharu already has a lot of
development density area and on a less than 25% degree slope with
development in the area. For future expansion to be done, the
3.1.4 LAND VALUE the height less than 76m above the ground level. The less develop
availability of land, need to be identified. These crucial data‟s,
Generally the area of SAP Kuala Kubu Bharu offers various area are ready to be develop since it require less cost.
need to be analysed and identified so that the sector such as
types of land use that is residential, commercial and industrial with
residential or commercial and et cetera can determine the location
various prices according to the types of land use, size and the Based on the analysis, it is understandable that majority of
of future development and enhance the existing development at
location of the land. the Kuala Kubu Bharu area fall under either class 3 which cover
Kuala Kubu Bharu area.
992.42 acres of the site (67.81%). Only certain parcel of the land is
Types of Land Value Price Range (RM) classified as class 2 which cover 470.91 acres (32.19%) due to
Land availability is an analysis on certain area, which in this
Residential unfavourable topography and the density of the development.
case is Kuala Kubu Bharu, which is ready to be developed. To
1-Storey Terrace house 40000~100000 There is no environmental sensitive area at the site which explane
recognize the suitable development that can be done, analysis to
2-Storey Terrace house 100000~200000 the non-existing class one. All in all, land in KKB development
Bungalow 200000+ get the land availability area. Land Availability Analysis is a plan
Commercial straight away because it is supplied with the sufficient facilities and
that produces by the physical sector and land use. It is crucial since
2-Storey Shop house 200000~300000 necessities.
it differentiate the land, whether it is more suitable to be developed
first, or should be hold on because of the constraints. Area that

12

FINDINGS b. Constraints EARLY PROPOSAL
In this finding, there are several potential and constraints as well as
After the analysis has been complete, the needs of early proposals
issues and problem based on the made analysis. The findings are: i. Urban sprawl of adjacent site with better facilities
are crucial so that development plan can be foreseen. The early
and economical purposes might be an alternative for
proposal to tackle the issues and problems are:
a. Potential people to migrate from KKB area.
 Establish a team to advertise and promote the tourism
ii. Local community detest any future development
i. The existing land use in Kuala Kubu Bharu product of Kuala Kubu Bharu area
from the developer making the decision to upgrade
encourages new population growth. With housing  Convert the existing abandon government quarters to be a
KKB town difficult
development trend, it supply enough house in the homestay area so that the old buildings can be fully utilized
future population projection c. Strategic Issues and Problems once more and generate economy to Kuala Kubu Bharu
ii. Private residences and quarters that have in KKB is area.
an asset increase of economic resources, i. The existing of government quarters that are old, not  Reconstruct and restore old buildings that have historical
particularly to businesses in the City KKB. well manage and abandon on top of government value to improve the image of Kuala Kubu Bharu town.
iii. The existing of open spaces and recreational also lowered the visual quality and making the effort to
used as one of the potential sites and opportunities develop the area difficult
to improve the economy as well as introducing KKB
ii. Kuala Kubu Bharu town image and physical aspect
to outsiders, particularly the opportunities
that are not outstanding and unorganized
investment like making advertisement, drama or
film, and also the programs organized by the iii. Several types of buildings that need new building
government and private sector rehabilitation design for the area that need to be
conserved and redevelopment.
iv. The committed development
in the area and adjacent KKB could provide a iv. Traffic congestion at school area especially during
positive impact, especially in terms of economic peak hour creating conflict.
development and services to people inside and
v. High percentage of the locals that stay in Kuala
outside the area.
Kubu Bharu is not the actually locals.

vi. The existing of tourism products but lacks of
advertisement and not maintain.

vii. Lacks of public transportation especial public buses
in term of quantity, frequency, operation hour and
covered area as well as the supporting public
facilities.

13

SWOT ANALYSIS.

STRENGTH WEAKNESS OPPORTUNITY THREAT

 Existing Land Use in KKB,  Residential and quarters that  KKB is a main route of Ipoh-  The development of growth
especially for institutions and community have a lot Kuala Lumpur-Raub is the transit centres such
facilities to encourage the new population. of lots left empty without point for the tourist to go to the as the Tanjung Malim, Rawang to
the development of business Fraser Hills. be an alternative to the
 Private residences and quarters that have in indicates that land use is not residents to move into the
KKB is an asset increase of economic resources, optimal as well  Land Use institutions and area that much more developed.
particularly to businesses in the City KKB. as a conflict of land use. quarters residential is an asset for
increase the economic in the area
 The existing of open spaces of KKB.
and recreational also used as one
of potential sites and opportunities to improve
the economy as well as introducing KKB to
outsiders, particularly the
opportunities investment like making ads,
drama or film, and also the programs organized
by the government and private sector.

 The committed development
in the area and adjacent KKB could provide a
positive impact, especially in terms of economic
development and services to people inside and
outside the area.

14

3.2 DEMOGRAPHY & SOCIO-ECONOMY

INTRODUCTION FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS OF DEMOGRAPHY Chart 1: Total population of Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2007, 2011, 2015,

S
and 2020
ocioeconomy is actually based on demography aspect in For demographycal part, there are two type of finding
terms of population pattern such as size, growth, density, which primary and secondary. The primary data obtained from
15866
distribution and vital statistics. Besides, the socioeconomy survey form that have been distributed to selective people. The
15441
sector also study the interaction between the human society and total number of survey form have been distributed are 150 copies.
economical factor. This sector play an important role on Others, the secondary data obtained from several departments 14897
development process in order to know the clear view of population which related to the scope of this sector such as Majlis Daerah 14477
patterns in term of projecting the future population to suite the Hulu Selangor (MDHS), Jabatan Kebajikan Malaysia (JKM),
development on the site. Royal Malaysian Police (PDRM), and Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah
(PPD).
DEMOGRAPHY
2007 2011 2015 2020
3.2.1 TOTAL POPULATION IN KUALA KUBU BHARU
OBJECTIVE

i. To study the total number of population and migration in This table below show the total population in Kuala Kubu Bharu
study area. which only cover for the study area boundary in 2007 for the past
ii. To identify the age structure of population in the study area. population, 2011 for the current population, 2015 and 2020 From the bar chart above, the data shows that the total
iii. To analyse the ethnic distribution in the study area. population for the future. This number of population derived by the population increasing from the 2007 to 2011 (Chart 1). This gives
iv. To analyse the sex ratio in the study area. number of houses in study area are multiply by the number of the annual rate of change of 0.7 percent for the period 2007-2011.

household. In addition, the total population does not included for These changes of population occur due to growth of population
SOCIOECONOMY trainee because the trainee remain the same and not expand for the either development within study area. The increasing of population

projection. is important to know in order to suite the development for the
OBJECTIVE
future. In 2015 and 2020, the number of population has been
1. To study types of economic activities base in the study Table 1: Total population of Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2007, 2011, 2015, project for future development in order to balance the populaton
2020
area. with the development.
Year Total Population (+trainee)
2. To analyse the standard living of community based on
household monthly income. 2007 14477 (17339)

3. To investigate the safety level of community based on 2011 14897 (17759)

crime rate. 2015 15331 (18193)

4. To study the level of education within the study area. 2020 15865 (18727)

18

3.2.2 GENDER (SEX RATIO) The pie chart above shows the percentage of gender distribution SEX RATIO
which male and female. This percentage of gender is important to From the percentage of gender distribution, the sex ratio can be
The data of gender distribution is important to know analyze the gender distribution in Kuala Kubu in order to know the determining that male outnumbered female with the sex ratio of
different number of gender which is male or female in study area in suitable employer force for the future development. Men 106. Similar pattern was observed for Selangor State.
order to suite employer force in term of productivity. The table outnumbered women with the percentage 51 per cent to 49 per cent
consist of gender distribution is shown below. 3.2.3 ETHNIC DISTRIBUTION
(Chart 2). It can be shown that male population is slightly higher
than female which mean the productivity is equal between gender
The data of ethnic distribution is important to identify the major
and can apply varies type of development. However, after the
Table 2: Gender Distribution of Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011 and 2020 and minor ethnic in the study area and from that, to determine
trainee included and affected the percentage and male percentage
types of development should be provided for each ethnic especially
become more increase (Chart 3).
Gender 2011 2020 in terms of ritual facilities like mosque, temple and church. In
Male 7566(*9797) 8058(*10289) Chart 3: Gender Distribution Include Trainee addition, it is also important to study their cultures and identify the
Female 7331(*7962) 7807(*8438) problems that related with different races. It remains equal for the
Total 14897(*17759) 15865(*18727) Gender 2011 2020 according to the ratio from the past year.
*include trainee

Chart 2: Gender Distribution of Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011 and 2020 Female
45% Table 3: Ethnic Distribution in Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2010 and 2020
Male
Gender 2011 55%
Ethnic 2010 % 2020 %
Malay 9354 62.79 9961 62.79
Female Male
49%
Chinese 3043 20.43 3241 20.43
51%
Indian 2315 15.54 2465 15.54
*include trainee Others 185 1.24 198 1.24
Total 14897 100 15865 100
*without trainee
Gender 2020
Gender 2020
Female
45%
Male
Female Male
55%
49% 51%

19

The pie chart below show the percentage of ethnicity in Kuala Chart 5: Number of population by sex and age group, Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011 and 2020
Kubu Bharu to determine the major ethnic in study area (Chart 3).
The Malays was the predominant ethnic group in Kuala Kubu
Bharu which constituted 62.79 per cent. Follow by the Chinese,
20.43 per cent, Indians, 15.54 per cent. Lastly, others ethnic such
as „Orang Asli‟ and foreigner are the less with the percentage of
1.24 per cent for current population in 2011. Thus, the
development should suit the community need.

Chart 4: Ethnicity Kuala Kubu Bharu in 2011 and 2020

Others
Ethnicity 2011 1.24% 0.00%
Indian
15.54%

Chinese
20.43%
Malay
62.79%

3.2.4 AGE

The proportion of the population of Kuala Kubu Bahru below the
age of 15 years is about 29.31 per cent in 2011. Next, the
proportion of working age population (15 to 64 years) is the
highest which is about 65.09 per cent. The proportion of population
aged 65 years and over is about 5.60 per cent. In 2020, the
projection can be equally according to the normal growth. The
trend of these indicators is in line with the transition of age
structure towards aging population of Malaysia.

20

From the age structure, the type of age structure considered SCOPE OF STUDIES Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat Malaysia (JKM), Royal Malaysian
as constrictive piramid structure. This type of age structure display Police (PDRM), and Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah (PPD).
Scope One: Employment Distribution
lower number or percentages of younger people.
Employment distributions are related to three types of economic
activities in the study area that can be divided which are primary, 3.2.7 EMPLOYMENT DISTRIBUTION
3.2.6 DEPENDENCY RATE secondary and tertiary sector.
Data Collection:
Table 4: Percentage of dependency rate in Kuala Kubu Bharu
Scope Two: Standard Living of Community. Table 1: Data of employment distribution in Kuala Kubu Bharu
Dependency Rate Year 2000 Year 2011 It will be related to the residents‟ monthly household income,
number of poverty rate among the residents and monthly Employment Malay Chinese Indian Others
0-14 37.4% 45%
Distribution (Percentage/ (Percentage/ (Percentage/ (Percentage/
15-64 59.1% household expenditure.
Respondent) Respondent) Respondent) Respondent)
65++ 3.5% 8.6%
Government 43.90 (36) 10.82 (4) 24.00 (6) 16.67 (1)
Scope Three: Safety Level of Community
Private 7.32 (6) 21.62 (8) 28.00 (7) 33.33 (2)
From the table above, the percentage of dependency rate in The related data will be involved are crime rate and its types such
Retired 21.95 (18) 8.11 (3) 8.00 (2) 16.67 (1)
Kuala Kubu Bharu in 2000 show the total percentage is low which as violent and property crime and social problems in Kuala Kubu
Bharu. Self-
is 0.69 per cent from the whole population in study area. This case
Employment 26.83 (22) 59.46 (22) 40.00 (10) 33.33 (2)
show that majority of population in the study area is working and Scope Three: Educational Level of Community
contributing to economic as well. So, the development that occurs Total 100 (82) 100 (37) 100 (25) 100 (6)
will not be disturbed by the high rate of liability. It will involve the data of educational level among the residents in
Kuala Kubu Bharu primary, secondary and tertiary academic
background. There are two types of data for employment distribution

ISSUES AND PROBLEM that had been derived during site visit. First, the data obtained from
ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS OF SOCIOECONOMY
the survey form whereby several questions had been asked to the
The first issue that can be identified is that there are many For socioeconomic part, there are two types of finding which are local people regarding to their jobs and employment. Besides, the
retired groups on the study area. The problem with this retired primary and secondary. The primary data obtained from survey data had been distributed to all ethnics in Kuala Kubu Bharu such
group is they are not used to the changes in urban condition and that had been distributed to selective people. The total numbers of as Malay, Chinese, Indian and others to know the distribution of
more likely to live in quiet and calm place. In addition, they used survey form are 150 copies and 82 copies were distributed for employment among them which had been categorized into four
their car as an illegal taxi which does not have a permit. As for the Malay, 37 for Chinese, 25 for Indian, and 6 copies for others types like government sector, private sector, self-employment and
second issue, the study area has a low growth of economic status (Aborigines). retired group.
due to low growth of population. When there is less community
there, the economic status will be low due to the supply and Apart from that, the secondary data obtained from several

demand on the study area. departments which related to the scope of these sectors such as
Hulu Selangor District Council (MDHS), District and Land Office,

21

The table above shows the data collection that had been Secondly, the table above shows the types of economic
collected in the survey whereby Malay with 82 respondents has the Types of Frequency Percentage Types of economic activities in Kuala Kubu Bharu. It is referred to type of
highest number of persons who are working in the government employment activities employment distribution among the residents. The data derived
sector which is 36 persons (44%), 6 persons or (7%) in private Accountant 1 2.22 Tertiary from a research that had been done by a group of student from
sectors, 22 persons or (27%) have their own business and 18 Business 5 11.11 Tertiary National University of Malaysia (UKM) on title “Urbanization and
persons or (27%) can be considered as retired group and it is also Cleaner 1 2.22 Tertiary Cities Development. For the economic activities, it can be
Office assistant 1 2.22 Tertiary
the highest number compared to other ethnics. Meanwhile, Chinese categorized into three types which are primary sector those who are
Doctor 1 2.22 Tertiary
has 37 respondents whereby 4 persons or (11%) are working in the working in the production of raw materials and basic foods like
Barber 1 2.22 Tertiary
government sector, 8 persons or (22%) in the private sector, 22 agriculture, forestry, faming, etc.
Nurse 2 4.44 Tertiary
persons or (59%) have their own business same with Malay and 3
Cashier 1 2.22 Tertiary Next, secondary sector which is those who are working in
persons or (8%) as retired.
Sales assistant 4 8.89 Tertiary manufacturing, processing and construction lines like engineering,
Technician 2 4.44 Secondary industries, construction and shipping. Then, tertiary sector those
Lorry driver 1 2.22 Tertiary who are working in service industries like banking, business,
Next, there are 25 respondents for Indians whereby 6 Clerk 3 6.67 Tertiary
doctor, etc.
persons or (24%) who are working in government sector, 7 persons Factory worker 4 8.89 Secondary
or (28%) in the private sector, 10 persons or (33%) have their own Fisheries 1 2.22 Primary Based on the survey, the number of respondents is 45
business and only 2 persons or (8%) can be considered as retired. Teacher 5 11.11 Tertiary persons. So, it classified that 34 persons from the respondents are
Last, for others, they have only 6 respondents whereby 1 person or Restaurant manager 1 2.22 Tertiary working in the tertiary sector which is services industry like
(17%) is working in government sector, 2 persons or (33%) as Hawker 2 4.44 Tertiary accountant, nurse, and office assistant. Meanwhile, 8 persons are
private workers, 2 persons or (33%) have their own business and Mechanic 2 4.44 Secondary working in secondary sector like factories worker, technician and
Army 4 8.89 Tertiary
only 1 person or (17%) as retired. mechanic. Yet, the primary sector whereby only 3 persons from the
Forestry 1 2.22 Primary
respondents working in this sector like forestry, fisheries, etc.
Farmer 1 2.22 Primary
Bus driver 1 2.22 Tertiary
TOTAL 45 100 -

Table 2: Data types of economic activities in Kuala Kubu Bharu

22

Data Analysis: These are the charts of employment distribution based on
ethnicity in Kuala Kubu Bharu. The first chart above shows from
the survey that the percentage of employment distribution among
Malay residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu. It indicates that most of
Malays are working in government sector which is 44 %. This is
because, from the observation during site visit, there are many of
government agencies and departments in Kuala Kubu Bharu due to
the gazette of this area as administrative town for Hulu Selangor
District in local pan.

Besides that, it can be approved for the reason why the
highest number of Malay works in government agencies due to
Pie Chart 1: Percentage of employment distribution among the Pie Chart 3: Percentage of employment distribution among the their attitude and moderate lifestyle whereby most of them like to
Malay residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Indian residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu. have a simple or moderate lifestyle. Means that, they can spend
more their pleasure time with their family and friends.

Another reason is based on their academic achievement
whereby most of them come from secondary academic group
which is the group those who only have Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia
(SPM) as the highest academic achievement. Then, for those
Malays who have tertiary academic achievement like Diploma,
Degree, etc. tended to be as the government officer.

Meanwhile, what can be seen also in the charts above is the
highest percentage of retired group comes from Malay compared to
others ethnicity which is 22%. Most of them worked as
government workers during their services like armies, clerk and
Pie Chart 2: Percentage of employment distribution among the
office assistant. From some interviews and observation, most of
Chinese residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Pie Chart 4: Percentage of employment distribution among the
them doing other jobs like illegal taxi driver, small business and so
others (Aborigines) residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu.
on as their side incomes to increase their pension rate and fill their
free time than doing nothing.

23

Next, in the second pie chart as well indicates the highest benefits that they will get as government workers like housing
percentage of employment distribution among Chinese is those loan, car loan and others . It also cannot be denied that the highest
who have their own work or business which is 59%. It can be number of workers in government sector is Malay. Moreover, the
proved whereby most of the commercial area at the center of Kuala percentage also proved that the status of Kuala Kubu Bharu town
Kubu Bharu‟s town likes shop houses are owned by this as administrative center.
community. The examples of commercial activities doing by
Next, the percentage of those who are working in the
Chinese community are bicycle shop, furniture shop, and retails.
private sector is 15%. It indicates that the sector play the main role
Further, the main factor that contributes the reason why for economic growth of Kuala Kubu Bharu. But the possibilities of
most Chinese involve in this part of economic activities is their the residents to join this sector are low due to the lack of job
culture and ancestors heritage whereby money is everything to opportunities for this sector especially in the manufacturing and
them in continuing their life and without money the life is nothing. industries field. This is because there is only one small factory that
Some of them also just inherit their business from their parent Pie Chart 5: Total percentage of employment distribution among provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu. So, most of the person who want to
business means that the business had been operated from their the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu. join the industries field must work outside the Kuala Kubu Bharu
parents. like Serendah and Tanjung Malim.

Other than that, what can be seen yet in the pie charts above The percentage of retired group here can be considered as
The data in identifying either the jobs or employment that
is the highest percentage of the private sectors come from Indian not high compared to the all population in Kuala Kubu Bharu
had been provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu are enough and relevant
which is 28%.Most of them are working at private clinic, banking, which is only 16%. Most of them come from government sector
with the resident‟s capacity and capability. It also must in line with
restaurant and under others person businesses. There are also some and Malays is the major of the number but the amount of it can be
the development target by the local authorities that stated in local
of them working in manufacturing and industries field like reduced for the next several years due to the new government
plan without any jobless among residents.
factories. But they have to work outside Kuala Kubu Bharu‟s town policies to increase the period of government worker services till
like Batang Kali, Serendah and Tanjung Malim due to lack of Most of residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu are popular with 60-year old rather than before at age 58- year old. In addition, the
factories or industries activities in Kuala Kubu Bharu. It is same self-employment or have their own business which is 38%.It pension rate for already retired group will also be increased in
goes to other ethnics for those who are working in this field. cannot be denied that Chinese is the major contributor for this reducing their encumbrances of life.
types of jobs. Besides, it is also involved by the persons who have
For others like aborigines, most of them can be categorized
the small types of business like hawkers. So, it cannot be sure that
as self-employed also because of their activities to sell out of their
all of these hawkers have their own valid licenses to operate their
crops and forest products like vegetables, bird nets, and honey bees
businesses.
to get their profit or income.
Then, the government sector is the second types of
employment popular among the residents. The reason why the
chosen of people for this job maybe the office of the jobs is near
from their residential area, suitable with their academic
achievements, rate of the income with basic allowances and several

24

This chart indicates the total percentage of economic activities 3.2.6 STANDARD LIVING OF COMMUNITY RM 3000 income group and 20 persons or 24% come from more
based on the survey of types of employment distribution among the than RM 3000 income group. In Chinese, there are 37 respondents
residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu that had been done by National DATA COLLECTION and from those 7 persons or 19% are below RM 1500 income
University of Malaysia (UKM) students. It is important to analyze group, 10 persons or 27% are between RM1501 to RM 3000
the economic based of that particular area in ensuring the economic income group and 20 persons or 54% are above RM3000 income
Monthly Malay Chinese Indian Others
growth of that area is in line with the development. group.
Household (Percentage/ (Percentage/ (Percentage/ (Percentage/
Most of the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu can be Income Meanwhile, there are 25 respondents from Indian whereby
classified as tertiary group worker whereby the percentage of the 0 - 1500 28.05 (23) 18.92 (7) 24.00 (6) 33.33 (2) 6 persons or 24% are below RM 1500 income group, 10 persons or
group is the highest compared to others which is 75%. Government 1501 - 47.56 (39) 27.03 (10) 40.00 (10) 66.67 (4) 40% are between RM1501 to RM 3000 income group and 9
services is the main contributor for this type of group whereby 3000 persons or 36% are above RM3000 income group. Last, for others
there is a lot of government agencies and departments like hospital, 3001++ 24.39 (20) 54.05 (20) 36.00 (9) 0 (0) like aborigines have 6 respondents whereby 2 persons or 33% are
police station, district office and so on. In addition, there are also a Total 100 (82) 100 (37) 100 (25) 100 (6) below RM 1500 income group, 4 persons or 67% are between
lot of quarters for government servicers that had been provided in Average RM1501 to RM 3000 income group and there is no person come
Kuala Kubu Bharu. of income 2222.798 2513.698 2340.23 2000.33 from above RM3000 income group.

Besides that, the percentage of residents work in secondary (RM) From the table also what can be seen is the average of each
types is quick low which is 18%. There are two possibilities the Table 3: Data of monthly household income in Kuala Kubu Bharu. ethnic monthly household income whereby Chinese is the highest
reason why this type of jobs is not popular among the residents which RM2513.698, follows by Indians with RM2340.23, Malay is
There is only one type of data for monthly household
which are the hard condition of the jobs that needs use more energy RM 2222.798 and others like aborigines is RM2000.33.
income that had been derived during site visit. The data obtained
like labor force in factories and lack of job opportunities that had
from the survey form whereby several questions had been asked to
been provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu due to its small town. the local people regarding to their average of household monthly
Ethnic Number of persons Percentage %
Lastly, there is also primary type of job which involved in income too. It had been also distributed to all ethnics in Kuala
Malay 74 22.63
agriculture sector like farmer. But, the number of person is quick Kubu Bharu such as Malay, Chinese, Indian and others to identify
Chinese 142 43.43
small rather than other sectors due to its small income and this the comparison of their monthly income and standard of living.
Indian 89 27.22
sector is quick popular among aborigines residents because of their Then, the income has been categorized into three types Others 22 6.73
favors in nature. which are the income below RM 1500, income between RM 1501 TOTAL 327 100
to RM3000 and income more than RM3000. So, from the data it Table 4: Number of poverty rate in Kuala Kubu Bharu
can be classified that which persons come from low income,
medium income and high income people. The table shows that the number of persons those who are
below the poverty line based on each ethnicity. It means for those
The table shows that from 82 persons of Malay respondent, who have income below RM750 per month. It is derived from
23 persons or 28% of them come from below RM1500 income Hulu Selangor District and Land Office following the current
group. Next, 39 persons or 48% come from between RM 1501 to statistic.

25

From the statistic, it can be shown that the total number of First, the data will be calculated follows the average of Data Analysis:
residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu that still have income below RM monthly household income among the residents which is about
750 per month and can be categorized into poverty line group is RM2250. The amount can be obtained after identifying the min of
327 persons. The highest number comes from Chinese which is basic income from low income people which is RM1500 and basic
142 persons or 43%, then it follows by Indian which is 89 persons income of high income people which is RM3000.
or 27%. Meanwhile for Malay, there are 74 persons or 23% can be
Majority of the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu spent more
classified in this group and last for others like aborigines which is
of their income for their vehicles which is about RM750 per month
22 persons or 7 %.
or 33%. It includes the payment of the cars or motorcycles, oils and
Expenses Amount (RM) Percentage (%) the maintenance of the vehicles. Besides that, they will spend on

Food 400 17.78 the basic needs of human being which is foods and drinks about

Utilities 200 8.89 RM400 or 18% of their income. It is depend on the size of the
family, means that the bigger size of the family needs the more Histogram 1: Graph of monthly household income among the
Vehicles 750 33.33
provision of income for food. residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu.
Children 400 17.78
Education Next, the residents also spent their income on their children
Entertainment 150 6.67 education which is also RM400 or 18% per month. It is based on
150 6.67 the level of education of their children primary, secondary or From the graph above, what can be analyzed from the data
Personal
tertiary. The bigger amount needs to be provided if they have that had been collected during site visit is most of the high income
Savings 200 8.89
children in universities and colleges level due to the high payment people which persons who has income more than RM3000 come
TOTAL 2250 100
like books, tuition fees and so on. from Chinese which is 54% although the number of respondents is
Table 5: Distribution of monthly household expenditure in Kuala
similar with Malays which is 20 respondents but the valuation is
Kubu Bharu
Besides that, the residents also spent their income to the based on the percentage of each ethnicity. The reason why the
The table above shows the total average of household basic needs of life or utilities like electricity bill, water supply, Chinese have more percentage in high income group because of
monthly expenditure among the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu. telephone and internet which is about RM200 or 9% per month. most of them have their own major and strong business and
The data derived from the survey during site visit whereby the They also spent on their personal cases and family entertainment involve in commercial activities at the town center like furniture
local residents also had been asked about their monthly like holiday and shopping which is about RM150 or 7% for each. shops, photography shop and retails compared to other ethnic
expenditure for food, utilities, vehicles, children education and so which involved in only small business like hawkers.
Last, there is also a little bit of saving from their monthly
on. It is important to know the data in identifying their monthly
income which is about RM200 or 9% per month after the provision In addition, other persons those who can be also
savings either enough or exceeds more than their income.
of the income for their monthly expenditure like food, vehicles, categorized into high income group but they are not involve in
children education, etc. But, the amount of it is not static every business work at private company outside the Kuala Kubu Bharu
month due to some emergencies like health and financial problems. town like Rawang as well as there is also some of them joined the
government sector as government officers and have many years of
experiences and services especially in Malays.

26

Besides that, what can be seen also in the graph is most of The chart shows that the total percentage of persons who Indian, there is also their own community society and for
the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu can be categorized into medium have the income below than RM750 and can be classified as aborigines they have also Jabatan Kebajikan Hal Ehwal Orang Asli
income group which is income between RM1501 to RM3000. It is poverty group in Kuala Kubu Bharu. This is the current officially (JKHEOA).
believed that most of the residents in this group of income work as data that researched by Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat Hulu
Last, there is also provided under the state government
the government worker like office assistant, clerk, nurse, etc. It Selangor (JKM) and given to Hulu Selangor Land and District
which is Tabung Warisan Anak Selangor or TAWAS that will help
based on the standardize of salary as government employees due to Office.
the children in poor families for their education. It can be seen that
their stages and levels.
First, what can be identified in the chart is the highest even they come from poverty group, their children education is
Then, the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu those who have percentage of group of poverty lines is Chinese which 43%. Even important to be continued till the highest level. This is the best way
income below RM 1500 can be categorized into low income group. there is more Chinese in high group income but it cannot be denied for someone to go out from the list of poverty group.
It is hard for them if there is only one of the family members work that there is a lot of Chinese is under the poverty lives in reality. It
and have many numbers of dependency. Some of them do other is believed that most of this group of people comes from Kg. Asam
jobs for their side income to increase the monthly income like Kumbang whereby it is a Chinese community residential. It can be
illegal taxi driver and hawker at night market. For aborigines, this proved that situation from some of Chinese respondent those had
happen to those who only get their profit or income based on the been asked in the survey and the bad condition of their houses
selling of crops and forest product. It will be a problem for those in itself in that area.
this group if the try to solve their financial problem from illegal
In addition, there is also poverty group of people from other
money borrower.
ethnicity like Malay which is 23%, Indian with 27% and others like
aborigines with 7%. But the number of this ethnicity is not larger
rather than Chinese community. There is some of possibilities
reason for those who are in this poverty group like very low Pie Chart 8: Percentage of monthly household expenditure among
academic achievement. Some of them only have their primary the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu.
school certificate as the highest achievement and it is hard to get
any job opportunities either in government or private sector even as The chart shows that the percentage of monthly expenditure

the factory worker. Another reason is some of them inherit of the among the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Most of them provide

poverty from their parents due to have many siblings. the quarter of their monthly income to vehicles purposed which is
33%. It indicates that majority of the residents here have their own
vehicles like cars and motorcycles and the important of the usage
Pie Chart 7: Percentage of poverty rate among the residents in There are also some departments and agencies come to help of the vehicles to their life.
Kuala Kubu Bharu. this types of people in reducing their encumbrances in life like Besides that, the second highest is their children education
Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat Malaysia (JKMM) which contribute whereby majority of them provided 18 % of their monthly income
some of food like rice, milk, sugar and pocket money. For for it. It cannot be denied that education is important as their asset
Muslim, they are lucky due to the existence of Lembaga Zakat of their children future life. Next, they will provide 18% also for
Selangor (LZS) in helping their future life and for Chinese and

27

food as the basic need of life. Then, for their utilities like electricity The table shows the two types of data for crime cases in Types of social problems Frequency Percentage (%)

and water supply is 9 %, the family entertainment is about 6% and Kuala Kubu Bharu along January till October of 2011. The data is (survey)

their personal matters are about 7 %. derived from Hulu Selangor District of Royal Malaysian Police Theft
(Car, motorcycle etc.) 13 27.66
(PDRM). The status of data is confidential for public but the police
The most important part of monthly expenditure is to know Break-in 3 6.38
still give their collaboration for this academic research.
the percentage of savings from the monthly household income Drug addict 6 12.77
among the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Look at the chart, First, it can be classified into two types of crimes which are Gum addict 5 10.64

majority of the people here provided almost 9% from their income violent crime that means involving the use of, or even the threat of Loiter 7 14.89

as their savings. It is important to know that data in identifying the force or violence either it use of a weapon or not. Then, for the Sexual harassment 3 6.38

possibilities of people in Kuala Kubu Bharu have the financial second types of crime is property crime which occurs when Illegal racer 6 12.77

problem or not. This is because, when they have the problems, it someone attempts to destroy someone else‟s property, or to steal Alcoholism 4 8.51

may lead to some other problems in the area like social problems something from their properties. Table 7: Number of respondents for social problems survey in

and the existence of illegal hawkers or money borrowers. Kuala Kubu Bharu
Look at the violent crime data in Kuala Kubu Bharu, there
3.2.7 SAFETY LEVEL OF COMMUNITY are several types of cases happen during this statistic data is
Social problem Respondent Percentage (%)
provided which are rape is about 4 cases, injure of someone with 5
Yes 47 31.33
Data collection: cases, molested with 2 cases, riot with 2 cases and blackmail with 7
No 103 68.67
cases. Meanwhile there is no cases are reported along this period
Table 8: Data of social problems in Kuala Kubu Bharu
for murder, extortion, armed robbery and robbery cases but the
Types of crime (Jan-Oct 2011)
police still give data to state that these types of crime ever Apart from that, these two tables above shows the data for
Violent crime Frequency Property crime Frequency
happened in Kuala Kubu Bharu before this time. types of social problem in Kuala Kubu Bharu whereby the first
Murder 0 Theft 6
table indicates the reaction from the residents itself about the
Rape 4 Car theft 3 Next, for the property crime data in Kuala Kubu Bharu,
problems and it had been asked during the site visit. There are 47
Extortion 0 Motorcycle theft 20 there are several types of cases happen during this statistic data is
respondents or 31% said that there is social problem in their area
Armed robbery 0 Van/lorry theft 0 provided which are theft is about 6 cases, car theft with 3 cases,
Robbery 0 Snatch theft 0
but another 103 respondents or 69% person said there is no social
motorcycles theft with 20 cases as well as break-in with 2 cases.
Injure 5 Break-in 2 problem in their area. Actually, it depends on the area where the
Then, it is same with van/lorry theft and snatch theft, there is no
Molested 2 - - social problems is happen and how the concern of residents about
cases reported for them but the police still give the data to state that
Riot 2 - - the problems.
these types of crime ever happened in Kuala Kubu Bharu before
Blackmail 7 - -
this time.
Table 6: Data of crime rate (Jan-Oct 2011) in Kuala Kubu Bharu

28

For the second table as well, it is the lists of types of social For blackmail cases, the officer said that sometimes it is foreigner like Indonesian but some of the case comes from the
problems that happen in Kuala Kubu Bharu. It is what the happen for the small matters like coupling between the school local residents.
respondent‟s state in their social survey form. There are several students and it can avoided. Besides, the rape cases always happen
For motorcycles theft, most of the cases happen at the
social problems can be identified here which are theft including at night and it also happen at the hidden place like in an empty
residential area and it is believed that had been done by the group
cars and motorcycles is about 13 cases or 28%, break-in with 3 house or building. It is same goes to the molested cases and one of
of illegal racer which among the youth. Besides, the normal theft is
cases or 6 %, drug addict with 6 cases or 13%, gum addict with 5 the cases done by the same criminal with rape cases. Then, for riot
reported mostly at the shops and commercial area. Then, for the car
cases or 11%, loiter with 7 cases or 15%, sexual harassments with cases is seldom happen in Kuala Kubu Bharu and it happen due to
theft and break-in cases are popular with the outsider and foreigner
3 cases or 6 %, illegal rider with 6 cases or 13% and alcoholism the argument of the workers to the employers.
and it usually happens at night.
with 4 cases or 9%.
Last, the officer said for all the violent crime happen in
Lastly, the officer also believed that the property crime in
Data analysis: Kuala Kubu Bharu is still under the control of police due to the
Kuala Kubu Bharu also is under the control of police but the police
lack of cases reported to them compared with other places or parts
nowadays have increasing their patrolling in reducing more cases
in Hulu Selangor.
especially for motorcycle theft.

Histogram 2: Graph of violent crime in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The first histogram shows the statistic of violent crime
Histogram 3: Graph of property crime in Kuala Kubu Bharu.
cases in Kuala Kubu Bharu. It indicates that blackmail is the Histogram 4: Graph of social problems in Kuala Kubu Bharu.
highest cases are reported to police which 7 cases, follows by The second histogram shows the statistic of property crime
The third histogram shows the statistic of social problems
injure of someone with 5 cases, rape with 4 cases and the lowest cases in Kuala Kubu Bharu. It indicates that motorcycles theft is
in Kuala Kubu Bharu whereby all the cases are stated in their
are molested and riot with 2 cases for each. the highest cases are reported to police which 20 cases, then
social survey form by the respondents those who agreed that there
follows with normal theft which is 6 cases, car theft with 3 cases
Based on the interview with Encik Norman, the police is social problem in their area. But in the survey, not all the
and the lowest is break-in with 2 cases.
officer who is in charge with crime statistics said that some of the respondents stated and agreed there is social problems and it may
crime happen in Kuala Kubu Bharu is cannot be predicted or According to Encik Norman, the property crime in Kuala be not because of the different location and the consciousness and
forecasted by the police. Means that, the crime is not planned in Kubu Bharu is done by local residents, outsider as well as the information gathered by someone.
time and the location of it.

29

Based on the statistics, the most popular problems is the 3.2.8 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL primary academic, 55 persons or 57% with secondary academic
theft including motorcycles and cars theft which is 13 cases. It can Data collection: and 29 persons or 30% at tertiary background.
be proved by referring to the police report whereby most of the Table 9: Data of educational level among the residents in Kuala Meanwhile, for Indian, 15 persons or 19% with primary
report for property crime is referred to theft cases. The respondents Kubu Bharu academic, 46 persons or 58% with secondary academic and 19
also agreed that it had been done by some of innocent youth as
persons or 24% with tertiary academic. Last, for other like
known as those in group of illegal rider
Education Malay Chinese Indian Others aborigines, there is 8 persons or 40% with primary academic, 10
Besides, there are also other types of social problems which level (Percentage/ (Percentage/ (Percentage/ (Percentage/ persons or 50% with secondary academic and only 2 persons or
are loiter, drug addict, gum addict and illegal racer in Kuala Kubu 10% with tertiary academic.
Bharu and most of it had been done also by young group of people. Primary 5.29 (10) 12.50 (12) 18.75 (15) 40.00 (8)
Data analysis:
It indicates that seems there is nothing to do with their pleasure Secondary 71.43 (135) 57.29 (55) 57.50 (46) 50.00 (10)
time except doing non-beneficial activities like above. It also can Tertiary 23.28 (44) 30.21 (29) 23.75 (19) 10.00 (2)
be proved by the suggestion from one of the respondents in the Total 100 (189) 100 (96) 100 (80) 100 (20)
survey that need to be built up a futsal court for the youth
generation as their beneficial activities during the free time. This
The table above shows the data for level of education
idea is nice and it is in line with government policies to build up
among the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu whereby all the
with “One District, One Futsal Court”.
respondents had been asked also in the survey for their academic
Last, it is important to identify the level of security and achievement. It is also including their households‟ academic
safety in certain development area like Kuala Kubu Bharu because achievement like wife of husband and the children. In addition,
of that situation is ensuring and determines the status of there is no official data from Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah (PPD) are
socioeconomic in that particular area. The more safety level in that derived for this types of data, they have only data for current Pie Chart 9: Percentage of educational level among the residents in
area, the better of economic growth in that area. It is same with the education development in every schools in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Kuala Kubu Bharu.
context of investment in Malaysia whereby most of the investors
There is several level of education which is different From the chart above, it can be analyzed that most of the
will see the security level and political status in this country before
according to types of education such as primary for those only residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu have the secondary type of
they will do the investment because of both of these factors are
achieve at primary school level, then secondary for those achieve at academic background like Malaysian Certificate of Education
ensuring the economic growth of this country.
SPM level and tertiary for those at university level like certificate, (MCE) as their basic academic which is 64%. Next, the second
diploma, degree, master and doctorate students. highest group of them comes from the university level as the

For Malays, there are 10 persons or 5% with primary tertiary academic background like certificate, diploma, degree,

academic background, 135 persons or 71% with secondary master and doctorate which is about 24 %. Then, the third group is

academic and 44 persons or 23% with tertiary academic those who only achieve their primary school level which is 12%.

achievement. Then, in Chinese there are 12 persons or 13% with

30

Apart from that, for those who are in primary academic private sector like banking either inside or outside Kuala Kubu
background, most of them are the old residents which are around Bharu. But for the fresh graduate, they have suggestion to migrate
65 above. The main reason is previously they come from poverty from Kuala Kubu Bharu to the big cities like Kuala Lumpur in
families and do not have enough money to further their secondary seeking the suitable jobs with their achievement due to the lack of
academic level. Moreover, they are not exposed to academic job opportunities in Kuala Kubu Bharu that meet with their
priorities which can help them in their future life and for them it is requirement and achievement.
important to help their parents in reducing the families‟
In addition, the analysis proved that the level of education
encumbrance of life due to having many of children. Nowadays,
among the residents is related with the socioeconomic growth in
the problem are decreasing due to the consciousness of various
that particular area whereby it will determine the types of
parties especially government in helping those children from the
employment of the residents. The higher education of an
poverty families to further their studies. All the school equipment
individual, the best types of employment that he or she can get and
and payment will be supported by government like the
further the best salary for their future life. It is also important for
establishment of Tabung Warisan Anak Negeri (TAWAS).
the local authorities in providing the suitable types of employment
Besides that, it can be seen for the secondary type of for their residents that meet the achievement of residents‟
academic background come from many stages of age in community academic.
such as from the youth till the old generation. For youth, the reason
Last, the interrelated between level of education among the
is they are not interested yet to further their studies in the upper
residents with socioeconomic can be seen also when there is more
level even though they know the importance of high level of
educated people in that particular area. It indicates that more
studies in their future life. What is the important for them is to get
people will have the best of their jobs and further shows that there
the jobs and get the profit from the salaries. Another reason is they
is lack of poverty problem in that area. Then, it will reduce more of
are not given to continue their studies due to the bad result in the
social problems in that particular area such as theft and robbery
Malaysian Certificate of Education (MCE).
whereby all of these social problems due to the poverty problem.
Meanwhile for the old generation those who have the
secondary academic achievement, most of them now are working
with government sector as office assistant, clerk and technician.
They start from the below stages and rank of salaries in the earlier
and they are lucky because of in their era, it is easier for them to
join or involve in government service. Now, the situation is
different, not all people can join this sector.

Next, for the tertiary group of academic background in
Kuala Kubu Bharu, there are some of them join the government
sector as government officer and some of them has worked with

31

Scopes of studies Issues and Problems Verification Recommendation
a) The lack of job opportunities for the secondary sector like a) There is only one small factory that provided in a) Provide light or medium industries or any commercial
Employment manufacturing and industries field. Kuala Kubu Bharu. The consequence is most of activities like Giant hypermarket in Kuala Kubu Bharu
distribution the person who want to join the industries field that given the job opportunities for the residents in Kuala
must work outside the Kuala Kubu Bharu like Kubu Bharu and it is agreed by some of the respondents
Serendah and Tanjung Malim. in their survey form.

b) It is popular among the retired group as their
side incomes to increase their pension rate and b) Enhance the image of the illegal taxi driver by giving
b) The existences of illegal taxi drivers and hawkers that have no
fill their free time than doing nothing. them the valid permit to be as “tourism ambassador” for
their own valid licenses to operate their businesses.
Kuala Kubu Bharu area.

c) Programs for the retired group that will benefit and give
them some profits as their side income rather than their
low pension rate.

a)The possibilities of low income group to borrow a) It may lead to other social problem like murder, a) Help from some of the departments and government
Monthly household
money from the non-licensed money lender due to blackmail and etc. agencies like Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat Malaysia
income
their financial problems. that (JKMM) Lembaga Zakat Selangor (LZS) and Jabatan
Kebajikan Hal Ehwal Orang Asli (JKHEOA).
b) Monitoring of the existence of illegal money borrower by
the police in Kuala Kubu Bharu

a) Most of the social problems and crime cases like illegal racer and a) It indicates seems there are no activities and a) Built up a futsal court or sports centre for the youth
Level of safety
vehicles theft are done by the teenagers and youth generation programs for the youth in Kuala Kubu Bharu generation as their beneficial activities during the free
including school students. for their pleasure time. Therefore the will time. It is in line with government policies to build up
involve with non-beneficial activities like with “One District, One Futsal Court”.
illegal racer.
a) Poverty problems that eliminates someone for continuing study. a) Due to lack of job opportunities that meet with a) Education help for low income group especially those
Level of education
their achievements. So, it may be lead them to under poverty lines.
b) The lack of opportunities for fresh graduate at the university level
migrate outside the Kuala Kubu Bharu. b) Attract the investors to invest surrounding the Kuala
to work in their hometown.
Kubu Bharu for increasing the jobs opportunities that
meet with the achievement of the fresh graduates.

32

S.W.O.T ANALYSIS

Scopes of studies Strength Weaknesses Opportunities Threat

Demography part -Has a variety ethnic population - Need to provide variety facilities. - Can provide variety development on the site - May lead to different economic status
according to different ethnic.
Employment -A lot of government agencies and -Majority of Malays join the government -Give the job opportunities for the residents -A lot of government quarters in
Distribution department in Kuala Kubu Bharu as sector compared to other ethnics. KualaKubu Bharu due to some of the
administrative center - Lack of job opportunities for the secondary -The distance between working place and quarters are quick old.
sector like manufacturing and industries residential area is near. - The existences of illegal taxi drivers and
field. hawkers that have no their own valid
- A small number of retired groups that has licenses to operate their businesses as their
nothing to do after their retirement. side income.
Monthly household Majority of the residents in Kuala Kubu -There are also a small number of the -The will be prepared if they have the financial -Lead to the social exclusion among these
income Bharu have their savings from their residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu under the problems or emergencies in the future. poverty groups.
monthly income which is 9% poverty lines income which is under RM750 - Borrowing money from the illegal will
per month. -Give the opportunities for some of government make others social problem like rape and
agencies like Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat murder.
-The possibilities of low income group to (JKM) and Lembaga Zakat Selangor (LZS) to give
borrow money from the illegal money their help and it is called social empowerment.
borrower due to their financial problems
Level of safety -Lack of social problems and crime cases -The number of theft including motorcycles -The residents life is safe and comfort -Bad habit in young generations that may
in Kuala Kubu Bharu. and car theft is high and it is caused by the -The residents can do their routine activities freely lead to other social problems like robbery.
local teenagers and youth who joined the
illegal rider.
Level of education -The percentage people those have primary -But the percentage of people those have -The number of primary academic group will be -Wastage of the new labor force that will
academic background is low which is 12% secondary academic background is quick reduced for the next several years due to most of help their hometown community.
high which is 64%. them come from the old generation. -Increase the number of migration out of
-Lack of opportunities for fresh graduate at Kuala Kubu Bharu especially among
the university level to work in their young generation.
hometown due to lack of job opportunities

33

3.3 HOUSING

INTRODUCTION SCOPE OF STUDY

H
ousing is the main sector that needs to be considered to 1) Housing pattern and distribution 2) Housing problem
fulfill the necessities in a particular area. Therefore, the For the purpose of this analysis, distribution of houses can be Housing condition is referring to the structure of house; either
provision of the houses should consider the priority of identified with two scopes which are characteristic of houses it is good or bad and the condition surround the housing area,
residents to ensure the living environment in Kuala Kubu Bharu and the types of house. The distribution of houses can also be either clean or in improper management. Good conditioned
can be more comfortable and have the entire requirements that the done to differentiate between government-owned houses and houses are identified when there are no cracks seen on the
resident need. In Kuala Kubu Bharu, housing area are most private houses. The characteristic and types of houses can be building structure and roof without holes in it. They are also in
occupied with the terrace houses as well as the government house. classified according to: a good condition in terms of cleanliness and well managed
Therefore most of the arrangements of the houses are well planned. I. Distribution: landscaping. Bad condition houses on the other hand are
OBJECTIVES  Terrace identified when cracks can be seen on the building structure
and the roofs have holes in it.
In the housing sector there are some objectives set in this analysis  Semi-detached house
which include:
 Bungalow

i. To identify the housing distribution according to the 3) Housing projection
 Multi-storey houses
types of houses Housing needs projection made is based on units of houses
 Village houses
ii. To identify the density of houses in term of household projection and also housing land need in future. Units of houses
and acreage  Government Quarters projection made based on estimate backlog, usual replacement
iii. To investigate the housing material used in construction
II. Housing density and new family expansion. For projection its land need made
as well as the housing condition based on land need and also standards from the Department of
Population density is a measurement of population per unit
iv. To make projection of the housing in future and the Town and Country Planning.
area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms,
available land based on the population growth
and particularly to humans. Density is important to identify the
suitability of the number of people in one place either it is
crowd or in a comfort condition. The development with less
than 8 units per acre is categorized as low density, between 9-
22 units per acre as medium density and above 23 units per
acre as high density.

34

3.3.1 HOUSING DISTRIBUTION AND PATTERN
Table 3.3.1 Percentage of housing types 2011
TYPE UNIT ACREAGE( ACRE) PERCENTAGE (%)
FINDINGS
Terrace Single Storey 1036 54.51 28.4
Generally, the pattern and distribution of housing in Kuala Kubu
Bharu are based from six main types of houses which includes Terrace Double Storey 265 7.98 7.2

single and double storey terrace house, semi-detached house, Semi-Detached House 36 4.17 1.0
bungalow, village house as well as government quarters ( flats,
terrace, semi-detached houses, bungalow,).( Refer to Figure 3.4.1- Bungalow 100 26.73 2.7

Figure 3.4.6). Overall area that covered by the housing is for about Village House 730 107.67 20.0
300 acres. (Refer map 3.4.1 for current housing map KKB 2011)
Government Quarters 1480 125.35 40.7

Total 3647 328.61 100
Type of Housing, Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011
Source: Majlis Daerah Hulu Selangor

Single Storey

28.40% Double Storey
40.70%
Semi-detached

Bungalow
20% Figure 3.3.3
7.20% Figure 3.3.1 Figure 3.3.2
Village House
1%
Single storey Terrace House Double storey Terrace House Semi-Detached House
2.70% Government
Quarters

Chart 3.3.1 Percentage of housing types 2011

Type and distribution of the housing can be categorized according
to their type, unit, area, and percentage. (Refer table 3.4.1 Current Figure 3.3.4 Figure 3.3.5 Figure 3.3.6

housing distribution KKB 2011). Data can also been identified by Bungalow Village House Government Quarters
using the pie chart to see the clear distribution of the houses in
Kuala Kubu Bharu.

35

MAP DISTRIBUTION

36

MAP PLANNED AND UNPLANNED HOUSING

37

Data also can be analyzed by showing the previous and the future Housing pattern and distribution are collected from the Secondary
data of the housing distribution. The purpose of comparing the data source which is from the Jabatan Penilaian Majlis Daerah Hulu
is to identify the changes of the distribution and to forecast the Selangor. Table 3.4.2 Housing Pattern in 2008, 2011 and 2020
housing pattern of the future development. shows the different for each type of houses within the period of 12
years which include the number of houses in Kuala Kubu Bharu,
acreage as well as the percentage of the houses according to their
types.

Table 3.3.2 Housing pattern in 2008, 2011 and 2020
Single Storey
28.40%
2008 2011 2020
40.70% Double Storey
Semi-detached COMPONENT
Unit Acreage Percentage Unit Acreage Percentage Unit Acreage Percentage
Bungalow
20% (%) (%) (%)
7.20% Village House
1% Terrace Single 1036 54.51 30.05 1036 54.51 28.4 1036 54.15 25.14
Government Quarters
2.70%
Storey
Terrace Double 265 7.98 7.68 265 7.98 7.2 588 11.82 14.27
Chart 3.3.2 Percentage of housing types 2011 Storey
Semi-Detached 36 4.17 1.07 36 4.17 1 36 4.17 1.52
House
Bungalow 100 26.73 2.90 100 26.73 2.7 250 58.87 6.06

Village House 730 107.67 21.17 730 107.67 20 730 107.67 17.71
Single Storey

40.70% 28.40% Double Storey Government 1280 123.35 37.13 1480 125.35 40.7 1480 125.35 35.3
Semi-detached
Quarters
Bungalow
20% Total 3447 326.41 100 3647 328.61 100 4120 364.13 100
7.20% Village House
1%
Government Quarters
2.70%

Chart 3.3.3 Percentage of housing types 2020

38

ANALYSIS Comparision of Housing in 2008, 2011 and 2020 3.3.2 HOUSING DENSITY

Housing pattern and distribution In the latest existing land use map, it can be seen some part of
the housing are increasing on the ground which some of it have FINDINGS
Housing pattern and distribution for Kuala Kubu can be separated
already finished been constructed and some of it just been a Housing density shows the customary method in determined the
into several types of houses. Each types of houss carries out different
commited development on the paper. intensity of development as a basic indicator of amenity and
units and due to that, it brings different percentage to the housing
distribution. Government quarters is the main types of houses that For the government quarters, in 2008 it consist of 1280 units environmental quality. To know the density of housing in each zone,

exist in Kuala Kubu Bharu. This is due to the function of Kuala Kubu which carries 40 % of overall housing. It had increased to 1480 in the sum of dwelling divided by the acreage of the area.

Bharu which act as the Administrative Centre for Hulu Selangor 2011 as 200 units of apartment for the Police Academy staff have
district. In addition, government quarters carries the largest been build. In the year 2020 projection, the number of houses
Housing Density: No. of dwelling
percentage for the housing units as there are many government increase up to for about 3800 units. ( Refer to chart 3.4.4 Housing
institution in Kuala Kubu Bharu such as Police Academy, Fire unit in 2008, 2011 and 2020). This increases occur due to the new Acreage of area
Fighter Academy, Army and as well as the Police District Quarters. settlement are going to be constructed as stated in the Hulu Selangor
The total number for government quarters is 1480 which is 40.8% out Local Plan and most of it will be constructed on the vacant land that Table 3.3.3 Housing Density
of 100 percent. Single storey terrace houses can be seen as the second exist in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Category Density / Acre Population / Acre
highest percentage in Kuala Kubu Bharu which comprise of 28.40%.
3800 ( Maximum)
This is due to the location of Hulu Selangor which located far away
from the urban area and more low cost housing scheme were 3700
High Density 50 units 200 person
3600
provided in order to cater the needs for the low income people live
3500 2008 Medium Density 40 units 160 person
there. In addition, it can be seen a lot of village houses in Kuala Kubu
3400 2011
Bharu which comprise almost 21 % of the total units of housing. Medium Low Density 20 units 48 person
3300 2020
Almost half of the village houses located just in one village which
3200 Low Density 12 units 24 person
named Kampung Asam Kumbang. This happened because during
Source: Hulu Selangor Local Plan
Malayan Emergency, all the comunist were allocated in one area in
Units
order to monitoring them. Then after the Independence Day, they are
Density of housing for the whole study area
given the Land Title for their own house. Chart 3.3.4 Housing units in 2008, 2011 and 2020
Number of houses : 3647

Total Acreage : 1463.33 acres

: 2.49 acre

The calculation above shows that the density for the housing area
Kuala Kubu Bharu can be categorized as Low Density class.

39

Basically there are four indicators to measure the density of the housing for each area and the indicator are based on the Table 3.4.3. from that ANALYSIS
table, data had been produced to know which area in Kuala Kubu Bharu can be considered as low density or high density in term of the Housing density can be divided into four but in Kuala Kubu Bharu,
housing intensity. Refer to Table 3.4.4 for the housing density according to each neighbourhood it just consist of two category of density which are medium low
density and low density. It can be seen from Chart 3.3.5, 80 %
Table 3.3.4 Housing Density according to neighborhood from overall housing neighbourhood are in the Low Density and
BIL NAME UNITS ACREAGE HOUSE/ACRE CATEGORY 20% can be classified as the Medium Low Density. Basically,
1 Taman Arif Utama 201 15.23 13/acre Medium Low Density from the Table 3.4.4 there are four housing area that classified as
2 Taman Teratai 206 17.05 12/acre Low Density Medium Low Density which are Taman Arif Utama, Taman Juta,
3 Taman Kuala Kubu 72 9.8 7/acre Low Density Rumah Murah Padang Tembak, and Taman Selesa. All of these
4 Kampung Kelapa 176 43.43 4/acre Low Density housing areas consist of single-storey terrace houses and also can
5 Taman Juta 136 11.3 13/acre Medium Low Density be categorized as low-cost housing. Although these houses are
6 Kampung Padang Golf 147 21.3 7/acre Low Density categorized as low cost house, but the density for that area are still
7 Kampung Orang Asli 42 8.8 4/acre Low Density in the medium-low density as all of it are landed house which also
8 Taman Sri Kubu 23 7.35 3/acre Low Density which are supported by other elements such as open space,
9 Rumah Murah Padang 247 20.1 13/acre Medium Low Density playground and so on.
Tembak
10 Taman Seruling 160 24 7/acre Low Density In addition, we can see from the table that is some low-
11 Taman Pesara 71 16.8 4/acre Low Density density area where it consists of average six houses per acre. This
12 Kampung Asam Kumbang 365 54.11 7/acre Low Density is due to the land of that area had been subdivided into some lot for
13 Taman Bukit Bunga 116 11 11/acre Low Density an acre of land. Basically an acre will be divided maximum up to
14 Taman Selesa 205 6.68 30/acre Medium Low Density six lots per acre. That is why number of houses for that area is less
15 Government Quarters 1480 125.35 11/acre Low Density compared with the terrace houses.
Government quarters also been categorized as the low

Type of Housing, Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011 density. Although there are apartments units of government
quarters which are the District Police Quarters, Fire Fighter
Quarters, Police academy quarters, but the total units of houses for
20.00%
Medium Low government quarters had been divided with the total land of that
Density
area. That is the reasons why there are some quarters are not
categorized as high density even it consist of high rise building.
Low Density
Refer to map 3.4.2 for map indicates the location for low density
80.00%
and medium-low density housing area.

Chart 3.3.5 Percentage of housing density

40

3.3.3 HOUSING CONDITION

Table 3.3.6 Housing condition for each neighbourhood
BIL NAME TYPES UNITS CONDITION
There are commonly three types of material that been used to build a
1 Taman Arif Utama Terrace Single Storey 201 Moderate 1250
house which are brick, brick + wood and wood. In Kuala Kubu 2 Taman Teratai Terrace Single Storey 170 Good
Bharu, 122 houses using wood, 374 houses using wood + brick and 3 Taman Teratai Terrace Double Storey 36 Good
4 Taman Kuala Kubu Terrace Single Storey 50 Moderate
the rest 3217 houses are using brick. Refer to Map 3.4.3 for location
5 Taman Kuala Kubu Semi-Detached, Bungalow 22 Good
of houses according to the material used in construction. 6 Kampung Kelapa Village House 176 Moderate
7 Taman Juta Terrace Single Storey 108 Moderate
Table 3.3.5 Housing Material 8 Taman Juta Terrace Double Storey 28 Good
Unit 9 Kampung Padang Golf Village Houses 147 Good
Types Material Total 10 Kampung Orang Asli Village Houses 42 Bad, Moderate 130
Wood Wood + Brick 11 Taman Sri Kubu Bungalow 23 Good
Brick 12 Rumah Murah Padang Tembak Terrace Single Storey 247 Moderate
Units 122 374 3151 3647 13 Taman Seruling Terrace Single Storey 160 Good
Percentage (%) 3.3 10.2 86.7 100 14 Taman Pesara Village Houses 71 Good 787
15 Kampung Asam Kumbang Village Houses 365 Bad, Moderate, Good
16 Taman Bukit Bunga Terrace Single Storey 96 Moderate
17 Taman Bukit Bunga Semi-Detached 20 Good
Percentage of Housing Materia)
18 Taman Selesa Terrace Single Storey 205 Moderate
Total 2167 units
100.00% 86.70%
80.00% Wood
60.00%
40.00% 3.30%10.20% Wood +
20.00%
0.00% Brick Table 3.3.7 Housing condition for each government quarters
BIL NAME TYPES CONDITION
1 Fire Fighter Quarters Apartment, Terrace houses Good
2 Police Quarters Apartment Bad
Chart 3.3.6 Percentage of Material for Construction 3 Police Academy Quarters Apartment Good
4 Army Quarters (High Officer) Terrace house Good
5 Army Quarters (Low Officer) Semi-Detached, Bungalow Good
Besides, housing condition can be classified into three parts which are 6 Forestry Quarters Village House Moderate
bad, moderate and good. In Kuala Kubu Bharu, there are two 7 JKR Quarters Terrace house Moderate
8 Hospital Quarters Apartment, Terrace house Moderate
different ownership of houses which are owned by individual as well
9 PPD Quarters Terrace house Good
as owned by the government. Most of the government houses in a 10 MDHS Quarters Semi-detached, Bungalow Bad, Moderate
moderate condition as well as the private houses and some of it need Total 1480 units
to be improved in term of the physical form as it located in the centre
of the town.Refer to map 3.4.5 for the location of housing area that
are in their own condition. Table above shows the condition of each
neighbourhood and also the government quarters.

42

ANALYSIS
Percentage of Housing Condition
(Private House)
Housing Constuction Material Housing Condition
100.00%
80.00% In this analysis, it shows that most of the houses in Kuala Kubu Bharu Based on the analysis made, it can be seen most of the houses in
57.60% BAD
60.00% are made up of bricks. It is due to the highest number of terrace Kuala Kubu Bharu is at a satisfactory level. This is due to the most of
36.40% MODERATE
40.00%
6.00% houses as well as the government houses whereby most of these the houses at there were constructed using long-lasting material
20.00% GOOD
0.00% building started to be constructed since 1960‟s. During that time, (bricks). That is why most of the houses were still at a level that does
people start to use brick as the building materials as the brick long- not require any replacement. In addition, almost half or the
lasting material compared with the wood. ( Refer to Figure 1.7, percentage of the housing in Kuala Kubu Bharu are dominated by the
Chart 3.3.7 Percentage of Housing Condition (Private) Figure 1.8 and Figure 1.9) for houses that construced using wood, government quarters and it is government responsible to ensure the
wood + brick and fully brick. quarters are in a good condition. (Refer to Figure 1.10, Figure 1.11
and 1.12) to have a look on some example of housing condition.
Percentage of Housing Condition
(Government Quarters)

100.00%
80.00% BAD
60.00% 50.00%
35.00%
40.00% 15.00% MODERATE
20.00% GOOD
0.00%

Figure 3.3.6 Figure 3.3.6

Chart 3.3.8 Percentage of Housing Condition (Government) House using wood House using wood + brick Figure 3.3.6 Figure 3.3.6
Bad Conditions Moderate Conditions

Overall Percentage of Housing Condition

100.00%
80.00%
BAD
60.00% 50.00%
35.00% MODERATE
40.00% 15.00%
20.00% GOOD
0.00%
Figure 3.3.6

House using brick Figure 3.3.6

Chart 3.3.9 Overall Percentage of Housing Condition Good Conditions

45

3.3.4 HOUSING PROJECTION

Table 3.3.8 Housing Projection
Types 2011 2020
Percentage Percentage
Terrace Single Storey Unit Acreage Unit Acreage
(%) (%)
Terrace Double Storey 1036 54.51 28.4 1036 54.15 25.14
Semi-Detached House 265 7.98 7.2 588 11.82 14.27
Bungalow 36 4.17 1 36 4.17 1.52
Village House 100 26.73 2.7 250 58.87 6.06
Government Quarters 730 107.67 20 730 107.67 17.71
Total 1480 125.35 40.7 1480 125.35 35.3
Terrace Single Storey 3647 328.61 100 4120 364.13 100

Housing projection need to be done in order to estimate the housing ANALYSIS
growth in line with the population growth. Population projection
Based on the table 3.4.8 Housing Projection, it can be seen there
would be a base for the housing projection and it will be an indicator
are some additional in the number units of houses especially for
for the housing demand for Kuala Kubu Bharu from year 2011 until
the bungalow and the semi-detached houses. The provision of the
2020. For housing projection, it involves new housing development
high cost houses are much more than other types of houses are due
and upgrading the current existing housing area and covers planned
to create the balance development between the low cost houses and
and unplanned housing area. In year 2011, there are 3, 647 units of
the high cost development. This is due to enhance the image of
houses. While in year 2020 projection, the number of houses will
Kuala Kubu Bharu as a place that has various types of housing to
increases up to 4,120 units of houses.
fulfill the needs of the demand.

46

MAP PROJECTION 2020

47

ISSUES

ISSUES VERIFICATION RECOMMENDATION
Dilapedated houses
In several parts of the housing area, the condition of houses  Give some initiatives for the owner to enhance the image of the
especially the village houses are not in a good condition as the owner houses
does not have enough money to renovate their house

Abondened Houses
Abondened houses can always bring negative impoct of that area. this  Improve or renovate the abondened house in order to enhance the
kind of houses can bring harm for the residents as it can increase image of the town whereby some of the houses located.
social problem such as drug, raped and so on.  Repair the old British houses that still good enough to conserve
the heritage of the building

Vacant House
There are some houses in Kuala Kubu Bharu not been occupied  This housing area should be open for others public either for rent
especially at Taman Seruling. This id due to that housing area is just or for sell.
for those who work with the army.

House act as a grocery
 Enforcement for the misuse of the housing area that may harm the
Some of the houses in Kuala Kubu Bharu are being used as a grocery residents
and also as a workshop. This problem may leads to the disturbance  Replacement for the illegal commercial to the proper commercial
for the residents there as it can harm the residents if something area
unexpected happen.

48

SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGHT WEAKNESS OPPURTUNITY THREAT

 Provide housing for the workers in the  A lot of houses are still do not be occupied  Development of housing to support other  Commited housing development that does not
administation field  Condition of houses that need to be improved sectors activity been constructed yet due to some problems.
 Still have land that available and suitable to  A lot of abondend houses that does not been  Location of Kuala Kubu Bharu which  Problem to upgrading the houses in bad
be developed as housing areas utilized surrounded by the hilly area that can attract condition as some of it owned by the
 Prices of houses still cheap the high income people to live in it as it have individual.
a good environment.

49

3.4 COMMERCIAL AND SERVICES

INTRODUCTION SCOPE OF STUDY ANALYSIS & FINDINGS

C
ommercial and services is the main activity centre and is  Identify the pattern and distribution: 3.4.1 COMMERCIAL PATTERNS AND DISTRIBUTION
the foundation that supports the physical and economic  Location
growth of a city or settlement centre. Commercial and  Acreage The commercial area at Kuala Kubu Bharu has been divided into 5
services plays a key role in accelerating the growth of the urban  Existing commercial area zones to make the observation and process easier. Each zone is
economy that is dynamic, progressive, competitive and resilient  Types of commercial activities classified based on the location of the commercial area. Zone 1 is
and also the main contributing factor to the development level of  Number of shop houses basically comprises the commercial area at the town of Kuala Kubu
provision of services to residents either in urban areas or centres of Bharu. Zone 2 is for Dataran KKB and Taman Seri Teratai. Zone 3
settlements.  Examine the commercial‟s building condition by using is for commercial areas that are located along Jalan Pahang. While
parameters: Zone 4 is for Taman Gamelan and Zone 5 is for commercial area at
OBJECTIVES
 Building height Kampung Assam Kumbang. And lastly, Zone 6 is specifically for
These are the objectives of the commercial and services sector for  Vacant or occupied floor area Kuala Kubu Bharu rest house and golf course area. (Refer to Figure
Kuala Kubu Bharu.  Façade 3.4.1).

 To identify the commercial patterns and distribution at Based on commercial distribution that has been made, in
 Finding the percentage of premises ownership according to
Kuala Kubu Bharu. the year 2011, there were 12 commercial activities carried out in
ethnic:
 To examine the commercial‟s building conditions. Kuala Kubu Bharu in area of 143.97 acres. Commercial in Kuala
 Malay
 To find the premises ownership according to ethnic. Kubu Bharu is focus in Zone 1; the town of Kuala Kubu Bharu
 Chinese
 To carry out the commercial projection for Kuala Kubu itself with8.15 %. While for the remaining zone which are Zone 2
 Indian
Bharu town. is 1.25 %, Zone 3 2.44 %, Zone 4 1.46 %, Zone 5 1.73 % and Zone
 Others
Percentages of Commercial Area at Kuala Kubu Bharu 6 84.97 % (refer to Table 3.4.1).
Zone 1
59% Zone 2 Zone 4  Analyze the commercial projection from the identification
1%
Zone 3 9%
2% of demand, supply and total floor area occupied in order to
Zone 5
2% review the commercial development at Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Zone 6
85%

Source: Land Use Map Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011

50

Table 3.4.1 Commercial Area in Kuala Kubu Bhru

Commercial Area Area Percentages
(Acres) (%)
Zone 1 11.73 8.15
Kuala Kubu Bharu Town
Zone 2 1.80 1.25
Dataran KKB,
Taman Seri Teratai
Zone 3 3.52 2.44
Along Jalan Pahang
Zone 4 2.10 1.46
Taman Gamelan
Zone 5 2.49 1.73
Kampung Baru Assam Kumbang
Zone 6 122.33 84.97
KKB Rest House and Golf Course
Total 143.97 100

The commercial patterns and distribution for Kuala Kubu Bharu is
more concentrated in Zone 1 which is Kuala Kubu Bharu town. The
pattern of commercial area at Zone 1 is grid iron. This can be seen in
Figure showing the plan of commercial at Zone 1.

At Zone 2, the commercial area is linear at Taman Seri Teratai but
for Dataran KKB it is clustered as it is a structured that comprises
many commercial units in it. Zone 3 is considered as linear as the
commercial area is located along Jalan Pahang- Tanjung Malim. For
Zone 4, the commercial building is clustered and for Zone 5 the
commercial area is scattered. Zone 6 shows the patterns and
Figure 3.4.1 Plan area according to zone
distribution of commercial area at Kuala Kubu Bharu.

51

Table 3.4.2 Commercial pattern and distribution
Commercial Area Development Pattern Commercial Activity

Zone 1 Grid Iron  Retails
Kuala Kubu Bharu town.  Services
Kuala Kubu Bharu Town
(47459.58 m2)
 Food & beverages
 Offices
 Market
 Finance institution and insurance
 Hotel and accommodation
 Health Institution & pharmacy
 Entertainment
 Private academic institution
 Association
 Store/Garage

Zone 2 Linear  Food and beverages
Along Jalan Seri Teratai at Taman Seri Teratai.  Services
Dataran KKB,
(719.62 m2)
Taman Seri Teratai  Retails
Clustered
Dataran KKB.
(6543.61 m2)
Zone 3 Linear  Food and beverages
Along Jalan Pahang - Tanjung Malim.  Services
Along Jalan Pahang
(14241.92 m2)
 Office
 Financial institution and insurance

Zone 4 Clustered  Food and beverages
At Taman Gamelan  Services
Taman Gamelan
(8496.90 m2)
 Private academic institution
 Health institution

Zone 5 Scattered  Food and beverages
Along Jalan Pahang - Fraser Hill.  Services
Kampung Baru Assam Kumbang
(10074.54 m2)

Zone 6 Clustered  Services
(494947.18 m2)  Hotel and accommodation
KKB Rest House and Golf Course

52

3.4.2 CURRENT COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES Table 3.4.3 Type of formal commercial activities

Types of commercial activities Total Percentages
(Unit) (%)
In terms of types of commercial activities, field studies have been
carried out over the use of each level in every building in each zone Offices (GO and NGO) 13 7.2
Retails 41 22.8
(Zone 1-6) in Kuala Kubu Bharu. -Groceries
- Wholesale
Commercial activities in Kuala Kubu Bharu can be categorized - Hardware
into 2 categories and each category has various types of - Electrical Appliances
- Personal Need
commercial activities. Market 2 1.1
Financial Institution and Insurances 11 6.1
Category 1 - Formal Commercial Activities Hotel and Accommodations 4 2.2
Food and Beverages 40 22.2
Defined as a formal business organization of economic activities Private Academic Institution 3 1.7
where all done in a formal business and operates in permanent / Association 2 1.1
Health Institution and Pharmacy 9 5.0
semi-permanent building structure. All forms of data and Entertainment 1 0.5
information for informal commercial activities of the study were -Snooker
Services 12 30.0
obtained from commercial survey research on all business -Telecommunication
establishments operating in Kuala Kubu Bharu. -Petrol Pump
-Tailor
i. Offices (GO and NGO) -Barber And Saloon
-Spa
ii. Retails
-Boutique
iii. Market -Clothing
iv. Financial institution and insurances -Spectacles
v. Hotel and accommodation -Watches
vi. Food and beverages -Book & Stationary
vii. Private academic institution -Bicycle
-Accessories
viii. Association
-Shoes
ix. Health institution -Florist
x. Pharmacy and medicine -Mortgage
xi. Entertainment -Laundry
xii. Services -Photography Service
xiii. Store/Garage -Toto (Gambling)
-Workshop, Painting & Welding
Total (Unit) 138 100
Source: Field Study in Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011

53

Kuala Kubu Bharu is an administrative town for Hulu Selangor
district. The town centre for Hulu Selangor is Batang Kali, where
the town becomes the transit for people to go to Genting Highland.

That is why commercial area in Batang Kali is developing more
than in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Kuala Kubu Bharu only has few types
of formal commercial activities as it serves the local people more
than the tourist or the people from the outside of the town.

The results showed that, there are 4 main types of commercial
activities in Kuala Kubu Bharu which are retails (22.8%), food and
beverages (22.2%), services (30.0%), and offices (7.2%).

From the data that have been collected, food and beverages are
dominance in all zones with the highest contribution is from level 1
in Zone 1 which is 15.68% from 185 unit oftype of commercial in
level 1 in Zone 1. Most of the types of food and beverages
premises are restaurants.

Offices are mostly can be found in Zone 1. Examples of offices
found are:

 Pejabat Belia dan Sukan Daerah Hulu Selangor
(Kementerian Belia dan Sukan)
 Lembaga Zakat Selangor MAIS
 MARA
 Pejabar Perdagangan Dalam Negeri Koperasi dan
Kepenggunaan KKB
 Jabatan Imigresen Malaysia (Cawangan Kuala Kubu
Bharu)
 Pejabat MCA Cawangan Kuala Kubu Bharu
 Sekretariat Task Force Felda Negeri Selangor

One of the weakness of Kuala Kubu Bharu is there is no shopping
complex or supermarket found in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Residents in
Kuala Kubu Bharu need to go to Batang Kali (Econsave) and Bukit
Beruntung (TESCO) to get things from these two supermarkets.

54

There are about seven hotel and accommodation at Kuala Kubu Bharu commercial area such as Table 3.4.4 Formal commercial activities according to zone

Hai Hin Hotel (Zone 1), Wing Wah Hotel (Zone 1), Rumah Rehat Seri Teratai (Zone 2) and KKB Zone
Rest House (Zone 6).

Kuala Kubu Bharu
Commercial Activities

Assam Kumbang
Taman Gamelan

and Golf Course
KKB Rest House
Kampung Baru
Dataran KKB,

Along Jalan
Taman Seri

Pahang
Teratai
Zone 1

Zone 2

Zone 3

Zone 4

Zone 5

Zone 6
From the survey had been asked to some of the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu, most of

Town
them said that the commercial activities in the town is good enough to cater their needs, however
they still have to go to the other town such as Batang Kali or Tanjung Malim to get other goods
for example textiles. And they also said that Kuala Kubu Bharu is still less in choice offer on the Offices 9 - 2 2 - -
goods. (GO and NGO)
Retails 38 1 - 2 - -
Market 2 - - - - -
Most of retails in Kuala Kubu Bharu still portray the classical interior and goods
Financial Institution and 10 - 1 - - -
arrangement. This is due to the local residents that mostly are the retirees and old people. They Insurances
Hotel and Accommodation 4 1 - - - -
love to shop at those types of shophouses than in modern type of shopping place such as
Food And Beverages 30 16 4 4 5 -
hypermarket and supermarket. Health Institution 3 - - 1 - -
Pharmacy and Medicine 5 - - - - -
There are also floor spaces used for home, garage and store, especially at the second floor Services 12 1 3 7 10 1
Entertainment 2 - - - - -
of shop houses in Zone 1. While workshops for vehicles services are found in all zones except for
Private Academic Institution 1 - - 2 - -
Zone 2. Association 2 - - - - -
Store/Garage/House 9 - - - - -
For the comparison of types of commercial activities according to zone, the diversity of Total (Unit)
commercial activities in Zone 1 is greater than other zones. Zone 1 provides a wide range of
commercial activities to provide the demand for residents throughout the town. While for the Distribution of Formal Commercial Activities in Kuala Kubu
other zones, the zone is mostly to provide the demand for local people in that area. Thus, Zones Bharu
2-5 only have less diversity in the types of commercial activities rather than in Zone 1. While in 45
40
Zone 6 it only consists of services and hotel and accommodation and has no retails nor food and 35
30 Distribution of
beverages. Source: Field Study in Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011 25 Formal Commercial
20 Activities in Kuala
15 Kubu Bharu
10
5
0

55

Table 3.4.5 Summary of Commercial Activities, Building Type and Building Condition Zone 1

Commercial Area Commercial Activities Physical Condition

Building Types (Unit) Building Condition (Unit) Building Structure (Unit)

Zone 1 Area: 11.73 acres Single (1) Good (48) Concrete (235)
Kuala Kubu Bharu Town Total floor area: 47459.58 m2 Terrace (245) Fair (144) Concrete and wood (11)
Total Unit: 193 Complex (2) Poor (0)

Total storey
 1 storey = 13
 2 storey = 178
 3 storey = 12
 4 storey = 1
 5 storey = 1
Type of commercial at level 1 (unit)
 Offices (8) 4.32%
 Food and beverages (29) 15.68%
 Retails (65) 35.16%
 Financial Institution and Insurance (7) 3.78%
 Hotel and Accommodation (1) 0.54%
 Market (2) 1.10%
 Entertainment (1) 0.54%
 Health Institution and Pharmacy (5) 2.70%
 Services (54) 29.2%
 Association (1) 0.5%
 Store/Garage/House (12) 6.5%
___________________________________________
Total = (185 unit) 100%

Type of commercial at level 2
 Offices (19) 11.95%
 Private Academic Institution (3) 1.89%

56

 Health Institution (1) 0.63%
 Services (5) 3.14%
 Store/House (109) 58.9%
____________________________________________
Total = (159 unit) 100%

 Offices (7) 38.90%
 House (2) 11.11%
____________________________________________
Total = (18 unit) 100%

____________________________________________

 Hotel and Accommodation (1) 100%
____________________________________________

57



Dataran KKB, Taman Seri Total floor area: 7404.18 m2 Terrace (5) Fair (6) Concrete and wood (0)
Teratai Total Unit: 7 Complex (1) Poor (0)

Total storey
 1 storey = 2
 2 storey = 5

 Food and beverages (2) 40%
 Retails (1) 20%
 Association (1) 20%
 Service (1) 20%
____________________________________________

 House (2) 66.66%
____________________________________________

62



Along Jalan Pahang Total floor area: 14241.92 m2 Terrace (4) Poor (1) Wood (0)
Total Unit: 9 Concrete and wood (1)

Total storey
 1 storey = 4
 2 storey = 4

 Offices (2) 22.22%
 Retails (3) 33.33%
 Services (2) 22.22%
____________________________________________

 Offices (4) 100%
____________________________________________

64



Zone 4 Area: 2.10 acres Terrace (26) Fair (26) Concrete (26)
2
Taman Gamelan Total floor area: 8496.6 m Concrete and wood (0)
Total Unit: 26 Polycarbonate and steel (1)

Total storey
 1 storey = 5
 2 storey = 21

 Offices (2) 10.53%
 Retails (2) 10.53%
 Health Institution (1) 5.26%
 Services (9) 47.37%
____________________________________________

 Offices (1) 6.67%
 Services (2) 13.33%
 House (10) 66.67%
____________________________________________

66



Zone 5 Area: 2.49 acres Terrace (19) Fair (9) Concrete and wood (19)
Kampung Baru Assam Total floor area: 10074.54 m2 Poor (10)
Kumbang Total Unit: 19

Total storey
 1 storey = 19
 Services (10) 58.82%
____________________________________________

KKB Rest House and Golf Total floor area: 494947.18 m2
Course Total Unit: 2

Total storey
 1 storey = 1
 3 storey = 1

Type of commercial at this zone
 Hotel and accommodation (1) 50.00%
 Services (1) 50.00%
____________________________________________

68

Category 2 – Informal Commercial Activities

Informal business activity is defined as hawking which is
permanent and temporary. In general, permanent hawking is does
have its own buildings and their sites, while temporary hawking
does not have a permanent site and it is constantly changing from
one place to another place. The study was carried out involving
hawkers trading in individual stalls, food courts, also night markets
and the morning markets.
i. Food and beverages
ii. Clothing and accessory
iii. Houseware
iv. Groceries
Table 3.4.10 Informal Commercial Activities in Kuala Kubu
Bharu
Types of commercial activities Total Percentages
(Unit) (%)
Food and Beverages 24 32.4
Clothing and accessory 31 41.9
Houseware 8 10.8
Groceries 11 14.9
Total (Unit) 74 100

Distribution of Informal Commercial
Activities in Kuala Kubu Bharu
35
30
25 Distribution of Informal
20 Commercial Activities in
15 Kuala Kubu Bharu
10
5
0


The night market (pasar malam) in Kuala Kubu Bharu, only occur
on the 9th and 29th day of every month because this is the day
where the residents of Kuala Kubu Bharu get their monthly salary.

71

3.4.3 COMMERCIAL’S BUILDING CONDITIONS
i. Building height and storey
Table 3.4.11 Commercial Activities According to Floor
Commerci Level Types of commercial activities Most of the height of commercial building in Kuala
al area /storey
Kubu Bharu is 2-storey shophouses. Only few of

Health Institution
Accommodation

Entertainment
Pharmacy and

Store/Garage
Association
Institution

Beverages

Academic
Hotel and

Food and
Financial

Medicine

Services
shophouses are single storey, 3-storey, and 5-storey.

Market

Private
Offices

/House
Retails
From the data, it can be concluded that Kuala
Kubu Bharu has not many high commercial
Zone 1 1 8 65 2 7 1 29 5 - 54 1 - 1 12
Kuala 2 17 - - 7 6 - 1 - 5 - 3 9 109 building.
Kubu 3 7 - - 3 1 - - - - - 2 3 2
Bharu
4 - - - - 1 - - - - - - 1 -
Town The old buildings from the colonial era are
5 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - -
Zone 2 1 - 1 - - 2 - - 1 - - 1
Dataran 2 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 2
mostly 2-storey. While the post modernism building
KKB, 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Taman are varies on building height, according to the owner
4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Seri
Teratai 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - decision whether to make it 2 or 3-storey.
Zone 3 1 2 3 - 1 - 1 - - 2 - - - -
Jalan 2 4 - - - - - - - - - - -
Pahang
Financial Institutions building are mostly 3-
3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - storey such as Agro Bank and Maybank.
5 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Zone 4 1 2 2 - 1 - 2 1 - 9 - - - -
Taman 2 1 - - - - - - - 2 - 2 - 10 There is only one building that is 5-storey
Gemilang 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - which is Hotel Seri Melati.
5 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Zone 5 1 - - - - - 7 - - 12 - - - -
Kampung
The variation of building height makes the
2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Baru 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - commercial area especially commercial area in Zone
Assam 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Kumbang 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1to have uneven skyline.
Zone 6 1 - - - - 1 - - - 1 - - - -
KKB Rest 2 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - -
House and 3 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - -
Golf
Course
Total 41 71 2 19 15 41 7 - 86 1 7 15 135
(Unit)

Unstandardize skyline
because of different height
and vacant lot.

i. Vacant or occupied floor and vacancy lot

72

Table 3.4.12 Premises Vacancy in Kuala Kubu Bharu

Zone Status
Vacant Lot Vacant Building Occupied

1 36 5 189

2 - 2 5
3 - 3 8
4 - 7 17
5 - 2 15
6 - - 2

Total 36 19 236

Source: Field study in Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011

The factor that cause the vacancy of premises in Kuala Kubu Bharu maybe because of the type or design
of building that not meet the demand of the current market. The physical condition of the building,
accessibility, move outto new building and buyer factor maybe influence the premises vacancy rate in
Kuala Kubu Bharu.

People tend to rent or own the shoplots rather than shophouses. This is because shoplots is more
practical in utilising the floor area than shophouses. If a person want to rent/buy a shoplot, they can
make choices whether to have the first floor or the second floor, but shophouses comprising both floor,
which sometimes they did not need one of the floor that they have. Thus, this brings the floor vacancy at
the premises.

The physical condition of the building also plays important role as people will rent or own shophouses
that is in good condition as to lower the renovation and maintenance cost.

There is one 3-storey vacant building in Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar which the building is used as Agro
Bank before the bank move out to the new building at Jalan Kamarudin. (Refer to the Picture beside in
Pictures show some of the vacant shophouses in Kuala Kubu Bharu
Zone 1)

The location of shophouses in Zone 1 also not strategic as the commercial area is not near to the main
road (Jalan Pahang). Not many people will head to the town as they cannot see the commercial area from
the main road. So, the tendency to people from the outside to drop by and buy something at the
commercial area of the town is less.

73

ii. Building façade and condition Numbering of commercial No. of lot in a No. of infill Building façade condition
Kuala Kubu Bharu is an old historical town. The historical row row land Good Moderate Poor
element can be seen on the façade and design in most of the 1 14 - 2 12 -
shophouses in the town (Zone 1). In order to enhance Kuala
2 14 12 1 1 -
Based on the site observational studies, most of old commercial 3 14 - 11 3 -
buildings in the Kuala Kubu Baru is still exist since 1930 auntill 4 14 7 1 6 -
now. Most of the buildings are made of concrete & wood. While 5 14 - - 14 -
the new generation shopshouses are made of concrete and
6 14 10 - 4 -
polycarbonate.
7 14 - 1 13 -
The shophouses built during the colonization mostly still in good 8 14 3 2 9 -
condition but need repair and conservation (moderate). 9 14 - - 14 -

This is very important because it indirectly help to improve the 10 8 - - 8 -
image of Kuala Kubu Baru. Kubu Bharu as the administrative 11 14 1 3 10 -
centre, the building façade and condition of the building should be 12 1 - - 1 -
taken into account as it can attract tourist and buyers to come or 13 9 - 2 7 -
drop by and do the trading activities. Table below shows the
14 1 - 1 - -
building condition for the commercial area in Zone 1.
15 9 - 1 8 -
16 9 2 - 7 -
17 5 1 1 3 -
18 9 - 1 8 -
19 9 1 2 6 -
20 9 7 2 - -
21 6 - 1 5 -
22 9 1 3 5 -
23 9 4 3 2 -
24 9 4 5 - -
25 10 - - 10 -
26 1 - - 1 -
Total 253 53 40 147 -

75

VISUAL ILLUSTRATION LOCATION CONDITION
Jalan Dato‟ Tabal No. 1:
(no. 1 & 2) Most of the shophouses have moderate & good
façade condition.

No. 2:
The building has good façade condition.

Commercial row area no. 1


Jalan Mat Kilau No. 3 & 5:
(no. 3, 4, 5 & 6) Shophouses in these rows ensemble the neo-
classical design. And they have good façade
condition.

No. 4 & 6:
Row 4 and 6 have some shophouses with good,
moderate, and poor façade condition.



Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar No. 7 & 9:
(no. 7, 8 &9) Shophouses in these two rows have good façade
condition.

No. 8:
There are some shophouses with good, moderate,
and poor façade condition in this row.

77

Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar No. 10 & 12:
(no. 10 &12) These two lots are comprised of two markets which
are Pasar Awam KKB and Pasar Peladang KKB.
Pasar Avam KKB has good façade condition while
Pasar Peladang has moderate façade condition.


Jalan Dato‟ Balai No. 11:
(no. 11) There are some shophouses with good, moderate,
and poor façade condition.

Jalan Abd Hamid No. 13:
(no. 13, 15, & 16) This row has good and moderate façade condition.

Jalan Rasathurai No. 14:
(no. 14) This row has good façade condition.

No. 15:
This row has good and moderate façade condition.

No. 16:
Commercial row area no. 16 This row has good, moderate and poor façade
condition.

78

Jalan Kamarudin No. 17, 18, & 19:
(no. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, & Mostly the buildings in these three rows have good
22) and moderate façade condition.

No. 20, 21, & 22:
Row 20, 21 and 22 have good, moderate, and poor
façade condition.



(no. 23, 24, 25, & 26) No. 23 & 24:
Row no 23 has good and moderate, while row 24
has moderate and poor façade condition.

No. 25 & 26:
These two rows consist of 1-storey commercial
building. They have moderate and poor façade
condition.



79

3.4.4 PREMISES OWNERSHIP
Table below shows the distribution of premises ownership according to the race. Table 3.4.13 The premises ownership of formal commercial activities.
More than half of the owners of commercial unit in Kuala Kubu Bharu initiated by
Chinese with 38.97% and mostly they are existed at Zone 1 and Zone 5. Besides Types Of Malay % Chinese % Indians % Others % Not % Total
the Chinese, Malay also has 32.8% of total commercial unit existing in Kuala Commercial Applicable
Kubu Bharu. Most of them located at Zone 1 and Zone 4. While the remaining Zone 1 36 14.12 150 58.82 15 5.88 3 1.18 51 20.00 255
balances are Indians and Others with 1.68% and 0.20% respectively. Zone 2 5 83.33 1 16.67 - - - - - - 6
Zone 3 2 25.00 2 25.00 - - - - 4 50.00 8
If seen from the nature of commercial activities conducted in Kuala Kubu Bharu, Zone 4 15 62.50 8 33.33 1 4.17 - - - - 24
commercial activities are dominated almost entirely by Chinese which includes the Zone 5 - - 17 100.00 - - - - - - 17
retails, food and beverages, hotel and accommodation, services and also housing. Zone 6 1 50.00 1 50.00 - - - - - - 2
Total (Unit) 58 184.95 178 233.82 16 10.5 3 1.18 57 170.00 312
Chinese dominated the commercial activities than Malay because of mostly Malay
work as government servant while Chinese used to involve in business. Indians
also mostly work as government servant so only a little of them involve in
business.

Figure at the right show the plan for premises ownershipof formal commercial
activities according to race and according to each zone respectively. For Zone 1,
the plans are only show the premises ownership for level 1 – 3 only because of
level 4 and 5 has the same premises ownership which is Indians, for the ownership
of Hotel Seri Melati.

Table 3.4.12 The premises ownership of informal commercial activities.

Race Malay Chinese Indian Others Total

All Zone 38 23 13 - 74

Percentages 51.4 31.1 17.6 - 100
(%)

Local participation in informal activities is much higher compared to the formal
business pioneered by the Chinese.

Factors such as large capital requirements and labor is the cause why many local
businessmen are more focused on the informal business in which many of them are
doing business, managed by their own family members.

80

3.4.5 COMMERCIAL PROJECTION
The current supply of floor space area in Kuala Kubu Bharu is
ISSUES
estimated about 96982.60 m2. While the required floor space area
based on the population in year 2011 is about 22345.50 m2. This ISSUE VERIFICATION PERILIMINARY RECOMMENDATION
Dataran KKB (Zone 2) does not Dataran KKB should be the landmark of KKB as Upgrade Dataran KKB to be one stop centre for
shows that there are surplus in supply than demand of floor space
resemble the identity and image the location is strategically located at the junction food and beverages or make the place as the place
area in Kuala Kubu Bharu. of KKB as Garden City and of Route 1 (Tanjung Malim-Rawang). for bazaar type commercial area as to promote
administrative town. KKB as interesting place to be visited.
Area Population Estimation Required Shortage(-) The redevelopment of vacant lots There are many vacant lots in KKB but the lots Encourage traders to diversify its range of goods
of current floor space /Surplus (+) of have been zone as commercial but no as to improve the choice and option of the
consumer such as textiles, and housewares. Also,
floor space area based supply than
identify a product that can be used as 'trademark'
area (m2) on demand of in Kuala Kubu Bharu to attract visitors to spend.
in year population floor space
2011 in year 2011 area (2011) Commercial‟s building height A few shophouses had been renovate without Any repair or reconstruction of shop must sustain
particularly uneven and the maintain the original design and structure. Thus, the existing facade. An action plan on controlling
Kuala 14897 96982.60 22345.50 +74637.10 variation of building façade. this makes the old building loss it unique design. the commercial‟s building height must be made.
Kubu Besides, there are buildings with varies height in
Bharu a row and causing the uneven skyline.

The use of vacant lot as garage There are some of the commercial activities The vacant lot should be developed by „in-fill
Population for Kuala Kubu Bharu in year 2020 has been projected and non-permanent structure conducted in the vacant lot such as restaurant, development‟ as it can increase the floor space
about 15866 people. Therefore, in year 2020 the projection of floor shop. garage and services. area of commercial and improve the visual quality
Furthermore, the vacant lot between the shop of the town.
space area that required for the town is about 23799.00 m2. So, at
houses causes the uneven skyline and affects the
that time the floor space area in Kuala Kubu Bharu should enough visual quality.
to serve the various types of commercial activities that will be
provided to cater the demand of the residents. SWOT ANALYSIS

Strength Weakness Opportunities Threat
Kuala Kubu Bharu is a transit town The commercial area is located The promotion of Fraser Batang Kali will attract more people
for the tourist to go to Fraser Hill. in the town, not along the main Hill and other tourism place to spend at their commercial area
So, the tourist may drop by and buy road. People unable to see any such as Chilling Waterfall rather than Kuala Kubu Bharu as
something before they continue commercial activities without as the next choice Batang Kali has wide range of choice
their journey up to Fraser Hill. come into the town. destination will increase the and option of goods.
people from outside to come
to Kuala Kubu Bharu.

89

3.5 PUBLIC FACILITIES

INTRODUCTION 3.5.1 EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES DATA COLLECTION

P
Education is the one of important parts in planning which need to
ublic facilities satisfy specific individual or community provide in order to give education to the residents of an area. The Process of data collection has been made during field study in
needs - including safety and security, communication, provision of each types of educational institution must according to Kuala Kubu Bharu. The data that need to be collected can be
recreation, sport, education, health, public administration, planning guideline in order to ensure that all facilities provided can divided into two which are primary and secondary data. For the
religious, transportation, welfare, cemetery, cultural and social. cater the population of an area. The suitability of the location of primary data, the data that need to be collected are the location,
Public facilities are generally regarded as the responsibility of each educational institution also needs to consider because it can types, number of educational facilities, existing condition and
government, whether central, regional or local, and more often than help to determine the access to the schools provided. Besides, issues in study area. The secondary data also have been collected
not are provided by government institutions. existing condition of the structure of the building itself can also be by visiting related department such as Hulu Selangor District

one of the elements that need to be analysed. Office to get the map, acreage and percentage of open space in
Public facilities can be divided into several elements that
Kuala Kubu Bharu.
need to analyse which are educational facilities, administration SCOPES OF STUDY
facilities, health facilities, cultural facilities, safety facilities, Pictures below shows the existing conditions of some schools in
religious facilities, recreational facilities, transportation facilities, The study of educational facilities comprises of several scopes Kuala Kubu Bharu that had been observed during field study.
cemeteries and welfare facilities. which are:
Schools Name of schools
 The types of educational institutions provided in study area
OBJECTIVES
which include primary, secondary and tertiary educational
Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala
The objectives of analysing the facilities in Kuala Kubu Bharu are: institutions.
Kubu Bharu Dua
1. To identify the numbers, types, and distribution pattern of  The existing condition of the building itself either needs to

the public facilities provided. enhance or not.
 The adequacy of provision of educational institutions and
2. To determine the location of public facilities in order to location of each type of educational institutions. Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala

provide better accessibility and mobility from one place to  The accessibility for residents in study area to the Kubu Bharu Satu

the other place. educational institutions and access for people outside study
area to go to the educational institutions.
3. To identify the existing condition of the existing public  The catchment area and population from the educational
facilities in order to enhance and extend the services institutions provided in study area to the surrounding area.
provided based on the population. Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan

4. To identify the catchment area of the facilities of the ( Chienese ) Khing Ming

facilities provided in the site.

90

Tables below show types, number, and acreages of schools in Kuala Kubu Bharu. ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS

Primary schools in Kuala Kubu Bharu Kuala Kubu Bharu town centre can be classified as an
administrative centre in Hulu Selangor district. So, the facilities
No. Schools No. of students No. of teachers Total class Class ratio Acreage
provided in this area must be sufficient in order to strengthen the
1 Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu 256 39 17 1:15 5
function of this little town itself as an administrative centre. Same
2 Sekolah Kebangsaan Tun Abdul Razak 192 19 6 1:32 3
goes to educational facilities in this area which need to take into
3 Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu Satu 347 33 14 1:25 3
consideration especially in term of type, number, and population in
4 Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu Dua 328 32 13 1:25 5.5
this study area.
5 Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (Cina) Khing Ming 380 29 14 1:27 1.4
6 Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (Tamil) Kuala Kubu Bharu 437 29 15 1:29 0.7 Since educational institution holds a big percentage compared to

TOTAL 1940 181 79 - 18.6 the other types of facilities in this area, it can be assumed that the
provision of schools and other institution are sufficient to this area.
Basically there are 9 schools which were provided in Kuala Kubu
Secondary schools in Kuala Kubu Bharu Bharu which consist of 6 primary schools and 3 secondary schools.

No. Schools No. of students No. of teachers Total class Class ratio Acreage Most of the schools provided located in the town centre of Kuala

1 Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu 1276 100 41 1:31 6 Kubu Bharu. Otherwise, some schools located next to each other
and near to administrative centre or in other words it make the
2 Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Dato‟ Hj. Kamarudin 802 64 26 1:31 20
parents feel easy to send and pick their children to school. Some
3 Sekolah Agama Menengah Tinggi Kuala Kubu Bharu 817 69 26 1:31 35.8
schools provided were located near to residential area or in other
TOTAL 2895 233 93 - 61.8
words, time taken for the residents to schools is about 10 to 15
minutes. Besides, some schools located in front of the main road
Total number of primary and secondary schools might cause issues regarding the safety of children studying in that
particular school. As example, Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil
No. Types of schools No. of students No. of teachers Total class Class ratio Acreage
Kuala Kubu Bharu located in front of main road in Kuala Kubu
1 Primary schools 1940 181 79 - 18.6
Bharu town centre which at Jalan Dato Balai and it‟s also in front
2 Secondary schools 2895 233 93 - 61.8
of market and bus station. So, the location itself may cause issues
TOTAL 4835 414 158 - 80.4
on the safety of children that study in this school. Besides that, the
existing condition of each type of schools provided in study area is
in good condition and not need to enhanced or upgraded. There are
also facilities provided in the school such as toilets, canteen, and
musolla which sufficient for students, teachers and visitors.

91

In term of population catchment area, schools provided can be said 3.5.2 TRAINING INSTITUTIONS ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
sufficient to cater the residents in this study area since there are 9
Based on the data that had been collected, it shows that Kuala
schools all together in study area. Kuala Kubu Bharu has the total DATA COLLECTION Kubu Bharu has a lot of educational institutions such as primary,
28940 populations which include male and female and from this
Kuala Kubu Bharu also has a lot of training institutions in the town secondary and training institutions. The training institutions hold
population, only 4835 students studying in this area. The total
centre. The training institutions are army camp, fire-brigade camp big percentages compared to primary and secondary institutions.
numbers of students studying in primary schools are 1940 which
and the police academy. Table below shows the acreages of Chart below shows comparison between the acreages of
include 6 primary schools such as Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala
training institution in Kuala Kubu Bharu. educational institutions in Kuala Kubu Bharu and shows the
Kubu Bharu, Sekolah Kebangsaan Tun Abdul Razak, Sekolah
Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu Satu, Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala acreages of training institutions was the biggest compared to the
Kubu Bharu Dua, Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (Cina) Khing Ming, Training institutions Acreages other educational institutions.
Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (Tamil) Kuala Kubu Bharu and the total Army camp 13.54

numbers of students studying in secondary schools are 2895 which Fire-brigade academy 14.64 THE ACREAGES OF EDUCATIONAL
include 3 secondary schools in study area such as Sekolah Police academy 66.27 INSTITUTIONS IN KUALA KUBU BHARU
Menengah Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu, Sekolah Menengah TOTAL 94.45
TRAINING INSTITUTIONS
Kebangsaan Dato‟ Hj. Kamarudin, Sekolah Agama Menengah
Tinggi Kuala Kubu Bharu. From this data, it can be said that the
The existing condition of each institution can be classified in a
number of teenagers in this study area is more than the children. SECONDARY SCHOOLS
good condition because the structure of the building still new and
This can be clearly seen by the pie chart below.
not need to be enhanced. Picture below shows some of the existing
PRIMARY SCHOOLS
condition of training institutions in study area.
THE PERCENTAGE OF STUDENTS
0 20 40 60 80 100
STUDYING IN PRIMARY AND
SECONDARY SCHOOL Besides that, these training institutions located at a suitable place
40.13% which in front of the main road in study area. So, it can easily be
1940
Primary school accessed by the visitors to these training institutions. The existing
students
59.87%
Secondary school condition of those buildings can be considered in a good condition
2895 since the structures of the buildings inside the camp still new. So,
students
there will be no proposal on the enhancement of these institutions
Table 1
for now but may be in future.
The different between the number of students studying in primary
and secondary is 19.74%.
The training institutions in Kuala Kubu Bharu

92

PHOTOMAP OF CATCHMENT AREA OF PRIMARY
SCHOOLS IN KUALA KUBU BHARU

93

PHOTOMAP OF CATCHMENT AREA OF SECONDARY
SCHOOLS IN KUALA KUBU BHARU

94

PHOTOMAP OF TRAINING INSTITUTIONS

95

3.5.3 ADMINISTRATION DATA COLLECTION
Types of office Location Acreage Percentage
Two types of data had been collected during field study in Kuala (%)
Hulu Selangor District Jalan Bukit 1.04 3.10
Kuala Kubu Bharu is an administrative centre of Hulu Selangor Kubu Bharu which is primary and secondary data. For the primary Office Persekutuan
District. A lot of administrative buildings such as court, Hulu data, the data that need to be collected are the location, type, Jabatan Kerja Raya Jalan 2.48 7.37
Selangor District Office and department of Drainage and Irrigation Pahang
number of recreational facilities, existing condition and issues in Land Office Department, Jalan Bukit 5.62 16.71
and most of these departments were located in the town centre. study area. The secondary data also have been collected by visiting Jabatan Kerja Raya, Persekutuan
Department of Drainage
SCOPES OF STUDY related department such as Hulu Selangor District Office to get the and Irrigation
map, acreage and percentage of each administrative building in Jabatan Pengangkutan Jalan Jalan 2.60 7.73
The scopes of analysing the administrative facilities in Kuala Kubu Pahang
Kuala Kubu Bharu. Kuala Kubu Bharu Court Jalan 0.97 2.88
Bharu are: Pahang
Table below shows the types of departments that have been found Agensi Anti Dadah Jalan Syed 0.32 0.95
 The types of offices provided in the study area. Kebangsaan Masyor
during field study in Kuala Kubu Bharu. There were 19
 The existing condition of the building itself either needs to Pejabat Agama Islam Jalan 7.57 22.51
departments altogether in Kuala Kubu Bharu and most of them Pahang
enhance or not. Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah Jalan 0.40 1.19
located in the town centre. The total acreages of administrative
 The total number of administrative building in study area Rasathurai
departments are 33.63 acre. Pejabat Perhutanan Jalan 0.24 0.71
and location of each department. Pahang
 The accessibility of the administrative buildings to the other In term of accessibility, most of the offices have a good access Pejabat Risda Jalan 1.79 5.32
Padang
part of the town and access from outside of the town to the since the locations of each department are suitably located. It can
Tembak
administrative centre. be clearly seen by referring the photomap provided in the next Pejabat Kebajikan Jalan 0.26 0.78
Masyarakat Rasathurai
attachment.
Ibu Pejabat Polis Daerah Jalan Bukit 6.69 19.89
Hulu Selangor Persekutuan
Post Office Jalan Abdul 0.33 0.98
Hamid
Department of health Jalan 0.23 0.69
Padang
Tembak
Telekom Malaysia office Jalan Dato 1.24 3.69
Balai
Veterinary Department Jalan 1.54 4.58
Padang
Tembak
Lembaga Zakat Selangor Jalan Syed 0.31 0.92
Masyor
TOTAL - 33.63 100

The existing condition of administrative building in study area can
be classified in a good condition at the same time, there is no issues
regarding the provision of administrative building in study area.

96

Table below, shows some of the pictures of administrative building Malaysia building and bus FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS
in Kuala Kubu Bharu. station. The acreages of this
Based on the data collected during field study, Kuala Kubu Bharu
building is 0.40 acres and
Types of departments Location has a lot of administrative building since this area has been
can be easily access since it
Located at Jalan Bukit gazetted as an administrative centre of Hulu Selangor District. The
was located in the town
Kerajaan and near the main total acreage of administrative building is 33.63 acres which is
centre.
road to Kuala Kubu Bharu. quite big compared to the other elements of public facilities.
The acreages of this office Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah In term of the location of offices in Kuala Kubu Bharu, most of
are 1.04 acres and can be Located in front of Jalan them located nearby the main road, Jalan Pahang, and in other
easily access by the Abdul Hamid next to the words, there is a good access to go to the offices. As example,
residents and visitors. old police station in the
Hulu Selangor District Council Department of Education and Post Office were located in the town
Kuala Kubu Bharu town centre and Hulu Selangor District Council also located in front of
Located in front of the main
centre. This post office can the main road which is Jalan Pahang.
road which is Jalan Pahang.
be easily access by the
It was a new building and it The acreages of each offices were not more than 8 acres which
residents.
is also in front of petrol Post Office suitable to accommodate all the other infrastructure, facilities and
station and can be easily landscape of each departments.
access by the visitors and Located in front of Jalan
The population catchment of offices such as post office is
residents. Pahang which is the main
Magistrates Court Kuala Kubu following the planning guideline because the total population in
road to study area and in
Bharu Kuala Kubu Bharu almost 15000 and compared to Selangor
front of the JKR‟s quarters.
Planning Guideline, the provision of post office must have at least

Located at Jalan Rasathurai 1500 population.

and in front of Kuala Kubu Jabatan Kerja Raya
The existing condition of each administrative building in Kuala
Bharu secondary school. Kubu Bharu can be classified in a good condition as shown in the
The acreages of this Located at Jalan Syed
pictures in table. Some of the building such as new Magistrate
building were 1.79 acres Masyor nearby the golf
Court that located at Jalan Pahang is still under construction so that
and this building can be course.
there are no issues regarding the building structure of
Pejabat RISDA Hulu Selangor easily access by the resident administrative department in Kuala Kubu Bharu.
and visitors.

Agensi Anti Dadah Kebangsaan
Located at Jalan Rasathurai
and in front of Telekom

97

PHOTOMAP OF ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDINGS IN
KUALA KUBU BHARU

98

3.5.4 RELIGIOUS FACILITIES DATA COLLECTION FINDING AND ANALYSIS

Two types of data that had been collected which are primary data From the table above, there are several types of religious facilities
Kuala Kubu Bharu has a multiracial population which are Malay, and secondary data. The data that can be obtained primarily are the provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu which are provided for the residents
Chinese and Indian. Malay population hold 62.79%, Chinese location, types, and the existing condition of each religious facility staying inside and outside study area.
20.43%, Indian 15.54% and the others holds 1.24%. So everyone in study area whereby secondary data can be obtained by visiting
will have their rights to have their own worship places such as There were one masjid and two musolla have been provided
related department such as Hulu Selangor District Council to get
masjid, temple and church. Same as the other elements in public in study area. Two musolla were provided in residential area which
the map of distribution of religious facilities in study area.
facilities, the provision of each worship place must according to the is in Taman Seruling and Taman Teratai. But the problem is, the

population in study area. Besides, the provision of worship places Primary data provision of musolla can be said did not cover some residential

also need to be based on planning guideline which is provided by area such as in Taman Selesa and Taman Bukit Bunga. There is a
The primary data that had been collected are the location, types,
local authority. lot of Malay staying in that particular area, but the distance from
and the existing condition of religious facilities provided in study
that area to go to the main masjid which is located in the town
SCOPES OF STUDY area.
centres quite far. By referring to planning standard and guideline,

The objectives of studying religious facilities in Kuala Kubu Bharu Table below shows the types, location, and acreage of each praying hall or musolla must be provided to cater 500 units of

are: religious facility provided in study area. Since Kuala Kubu Bharu houses of 2500 residents. The provision of praying hall also must
was a multiracial town centre, so there were a lot of worship places be at least 0.5 acres for 200 until 800 residents.
 To identify the types of religious facilities provided in study such as Masjid Ar-Rahimah, temple for Indian and Chinese, and
area including religious facilities for the other ethnics such There is no problems regarding the provision of non-
church which located in the town centre.
as Chinese, Indian and others. Muslim worship place as the location were near the access road and

 To observe the existing conditions of building structures of Types Quantity Location Acreage can cater the non-Muslim residents in study area. For more analysis

all types of religious facilities either it has the historical or Masjid Ar-Rahimah 1 Town centre 2.80 can be referred to the table above. The photomap provided shows

heritage value that needs to be preserved or enhanced. Musolla 2 Taman Seruling 0.44 the location of each worship place in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

 To identify the number of provision religious facilities in Taman Teratai 0.54

study area and location within the study area. Temple ( Indian ) 1 Town centre 0.17
 To analyse the catchment population from the religious Temple ( Chinese ) 2 Jalan Pahang 1.79
facilities provided in study area either it is following the Church 2 Town centre 0.77
Selangor Planning Guideline or not. Total 8 - 6.51
 To identify the accessibility for residents in study area to Table 6
the religious facilities.

99

FINDINGS
PICTURES POPULATION PLANNING GUIDELINES REMARKS
LOCATION/ACCESIBILITY EXISTING CONDITION ACREAGES
CATCHMENT

Located in front of Jalan Masjid in Kuala Kubu Bharu Can cater the residents in The acreage of Masjid must Although the area of masjid
Pahang and in front the has a good condition based study area as this Masjid has be at least 2.9-6.2 acres to that had been provided
junction of Jalan Mashor. on the structure of the enough size for the Malay cater at least 20000 smaller than what had been
This Masjid can be easily building with no cracks and 2.80 acres residents in Kuala Kubu residents. Masjid must be stated in planning guideline,
acces as it was located next to the appearance of the Bharu as this area consists located near the access road it can cater the residents in
access road in study area. building still attractive. of 14897 peoples. (20m). study area sin the population
in this area only 14897 and
Masjid Jamek Ar-Rahimah located in front of the access
road which can be easily
access by the residents and
visitors.

Located in front of Jalan Indian temple in study area The provision of Indian The acreage of non-Muslim The acreages of this Indian
Pahang and in front of Kuala has a good condition based temple can cater the Indian worship place must be not temple is following the
Kubu Bharu court. This on the structure of the residents in study area since more than 1.2 acres to cater planning standard since the
indian temple can be easily
building with no cracks and 0.17 acres this area consists of small the area which has at least area was not more than 1.2
access by the resident as it
was located next to the main the appearance of the number of Indian 2600 non-Muslim residents. acres and it can cater the
road to study area. building still attractive. populations. The temple must be located Indian residents in study are.
Indian temple near the access road (20m). This building also located in
front of the main road in
study area.

100

Located behind JKR‟sChinese temples in Kuala The provision of these two The acreage of non-Muslim The acreages of this Chinese
quarters and near the main Kubu Bharu have a good Chinese temples can cater worship place must be not temple is not following the
road which is Jalan Pahang condition based on the the Chinese residents in more than 1.2 acres to cater planning standard since the
and can be easily access by structure of the building study area since this area the area which has at least area was more than 1.2 acres
the residents and visitors. with no cracks and the consists of small number of 2600 non-Muslim residents. and it can cater the Chinese
appearance of the buildings Chinese populations. The temple must be located residents in study are. This
Chinese temple still attractive at the same near the access road (20m). building also located in front
1.79 acres
time, these two building still of the main road in study
Located near the jalan Pahang can make the residents feel The acreage of non-Muslim area.
and surrounded by a lot of comfort when they are using worship place must be not
Chinese houses and can be this temples. more than 1.2 acres to cater
easily access by the residents the area which has at least
and visitors. 2600 non-Muslim residents.
The temple must be located
Chinese temple near the access road (20m).

Located in front of Jalan The two churches in Kuala There were 2 churches in The provision of these two The acreage of non-Muslim The acreages of these two
Rasathurai and in front of bus Kubu Bharu have a good study area, so the total churches can cater the worship place must be not churches are following the
station in the town centre and condition based on the acreages were 0.77 acres. Christian residents in study more than 1.2 acres to cater planning standard since the
can be easily access by the structure of the building area since this area consists the area which has at least area was not more than 1.2
residents and visitors. with no cracks or damaged of small number of Christian 2600 non-Muslim residents. acres and it can cater the
church in some part on this populations. The temple must be located Christian residents in study
building. near the access road (20m). are. This building also
located in front of the access
road in study area.

101

PHOTOMAP OF RELIGIOUS FACILITIES IN KUALA KUBU BHARU

102

3.5.5 RECREATIONAL FACILITIES DATA COLLECTION Firstly, there are a lot of open spaces that have been found in Kuala
Kubu Bharu. There are 7 open spaces altogether which located in
Process of data collection has been made during field study in
Recreational facilities are one of the important elements in residential area and in the town centre itself. It can be clearly seen
Kuala Kubu Bharu. The data that need to be collected can be
designing a town or city. By having recreational area can helps by referring the photo map attached.
divided into two which are primary and secondary data. For the
communities grow smart and preventing higher costs of unplanned primary data, the data that need to be collected are the location, The distribution of open space in study area can be identified by
development. A community must decide which lands to protect for type, number of recreational facilities, existing condition and issues using map and from that, several assumption can be made such as
recreation, community character, the conservation of natural in study area. The secondary data also have been collected by the location of open space mainly focused in town centre. This is
resources, and open space. This in turn determines where compact visiting related department such as Hulu Selangor District Office to because the acreage of open space in the town centre is quite big.
development will occur. Urban parks, gardens, and recreational get the map, acreage and percentage of open space in Kuala Kubu The total acreages of open space in the town centre are 23.30 acres
open space stimulate commercial growth and promote inner-city Bharu. or 1.66% from the total area of Kuala Kubu Bharu.
revitalization. Besides, recreational facilities also can be the
indicator to boost local economies by attracting tourists and Primary data The existing conditions of open space in Kuala Kubu Bharu are

supporting outdoor recreation. This is because tourists cite natural good as shown in the pictures below.
Kuala Kubu Bharu was the first garden city in Malaysia so it has a
beauty and quality of view to be the most important criteria in lot of playground, and open space that have been provided by the
selecting a destination, many communities are now striving to local authority. The data that have been collected are the location,
protect scenic views and vistas by moving utility wires type, number of recreational facilities, existing condition and issues
underground and protecting trees and historic buildings. in study area as mention in the above paragraph.

SCOPES OF STUDY Picture below shows one of open space in Kuala Kubu Bharu

The study on the recreational facilities in Kuala Kubu Bharu which located in the town centre.

consists of several scopes including the:

 The types of recreational facilities provided in study area
such as park, garden or open space that can beautify the
appearance of the town.
 The existing condition of recreational facilities in term of
cleanliness, landscape, hardscape and others.
 The number of provision and suitability of the location of
recreational area in the study area.
 The accessibility for residents in study area to the
Playground in Kuala Kubu Bharu town centre
recreational facilities.

103

Secondary data Issues and problems
Community hall in the
Kuala Kubu Bharu also has the other recreational facilities such as There is an issue regarding the provision of open space in Kuala
sport complex.
mini stadium, sport complex, and court that located at a suitable Kubu Bharu which is, the open space and recreational facilities
place. Table below shows the area of recreational facilities that provided were not fully utilized by residents. Pictures below show
have been found in study area. some recreational areas which not fully utilized by the residents

Types of facilities Acreages Percentage (%)
Mini Stadium 6.38 4.29
Sport complex 3.00 2.02
Open space and playground 19.40 13.04
Court that was provided
Golf Course 120 80.65
in the sport complex.
TOTAL 148.78 100

Existing condition

Types of facilities Pictures

Kuala Kubu Bharu Mini
Stadium ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS

Based on the data collected, the provision of recreational facilities
in Kuala Kubu Bharu were sufficient to cater the current population
in this area at the same time, Kuala Kubu Bharu was a garden city,
Although there were a lot of open space in Kuala Kubu Bharu, but
so that there is a lot of recreational facilities and open space
these open space are not fully utilized by residents. Same goes to
provided in this area.
sport complex, this sport complex also not fully utilized by the
Badminton court
This area also provide by a huge golf course which makes the total residents. There are no people in this area visiting even during
included in open space
area for recreational facilities in this area to be 148.78 acres. Since weekend. Most of them were staying at home to get some rest
area in the town centre.
this area was covered by a lot of greeneries, it can be conclude that, during holiday.
the provision open space in and recreational facilities in are
Based on this issue, the ways to overcome this problem need to be
sufficient.
identified in order to ensure the resident using the recreational area
that had been provided by local authority.

104

PHOTOMAP OF RECREATIONAL FACILITIES IN
KUALA KUBU BHARU

105

3.5.6 CULTURAL FACILITIES ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
Place for cultural facilities must be provided in order to serve the
residents with the service of libraries and to provide the residents
FINDINGS
place for them to have an event. There are several types of cultural PLANNING
PICTURES LOCATION / EXISTING POPULATION REMARKS
facilities such as theatre, museum, public hall, and library. SIZE GUIDELINE
ACCESIBILITY CONDITION CATCHMENT
SCOPE OF STUDY
Public library that The library The provision of The acreages of The provision of
The study on cultural facilities comprises of several scopes located in the town provided in study public library public library library in study
including the: centre and near the area can be sufficient for the must be at least area was
sport complex can be classified in a good 1.39 residents in study 0.5 acres to cater sufficient for the
 Types cultural facilities which can be used by public in easily access by the condition as the area as the 10000 to 50000 residents and it
acres
study area or outside study area. Public library residents. building did not population in populations in was suitably
have any cracks. Kuala Kubu study area. located and has
 Existing conditions of building structures.
Bharu was 14897. the good access.
 Number of provision and location of cultural facilities in
study area.
 Accessibility for residents in study area or outside the study Community hall that The community The provision of The acreages of The provision of
located in the town halls provided in community halls community centre community hall in
area to the cultural facilities if there any events or functions. centre and next to Jalan study area can be sufficient for the must be at least 3 study area was
Pahang and it can be classified in a good residents in study to 5 acres. One sufficient for the
DATA COLLECTION
easily access by the condition as the area as the community centre residents and it
There are two types of data that had been collected during field Community hall residents. building did not 0.61 population in serves at least was suitably
have any cracks acres Kuala Kubu 3000 to 10000 located as both
study which are primary and secondary data. For the primary data Community hall that due to the resident Bharu was 14897. populations in community halls
that had been collected include the types of cultural facilities, located in the sport not fully utilized study area. located in the
existing condition of each type of cultural facilities that had been complex can be easily these community town centre.
access by the residents centres. Besides, these
provided and the number of cultural facilities that exist in Kuala since it also near the two buildings also
Kubu Bharu. Besides, secondary data also had been collected by access road. located near the
Community hall
visiting several departments to get some information regarding the main road of
area of cultural facilities in study area, the location of cultural study area.

facilities in map and the catchment area of cultural facilities in
study area.

Table below shows the types and the acreages of cultural facilities
that had been found in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

TYPES ACREAGES PERCENTAGE
Community hall 0.61 30.5
Library 1.39 69.5
TOTAL 2.00 100

106

PHOTOMAP OF CULTURAL FACILITIES IN KUALA
KUBU BHARU

107

3.5.7 HEALTH FACILITIES Table below shows the types of facilities, the number of each type
Health facilities play an important role in achieving a better health of health facilities, acreages, location, the number of beds and the
of the residents especially in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Health facilities number of staff.
include district hospitals, dentistry, and clinic.
Types of
SCOPES OF STUDY Number Number
health Number Acreage Location
of beds of staff
The study on the health facilities in Kuala Kubu Bharu consists of facilities
several scopes which are: District 1 32.35 Jalan 150 270
hospital Hospital
 Types of clinic and hospitals provided either owned by
Dentistry 1 1.39 Jalan - 11
private sector or provide by government to the residents in
Kolam
study area.
Air The existing condition of the buildings
 Existing condition of the building itself either need to
TOTAL 2 33.74 - 150 281
enhance or not. ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
Besides that, the existing condition of hospitals and dentistry also
 Number of provision of health facilities and location of Based on the data collection above, it shows that the provision of
had been observed during field study in Kuala Kubu Bharu. These
clinics and hospitals in order to provide a good access. health facilities such as district hospital and clinic are sufficient to
are several pictures of the view of district hospital and clinic in
 Accessibility for residents in study area to the educational cater the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu. The total acreages of
Kuala Kubu Bharu.
institutions and access for people outside study area to go to district hospital and clinic are 32.25 acre or 2.30% from the total
the clinic or hospitals in study area. acreage of study area. As mention in Selangor Planning Guideline,
 The catchment area and population from the health facilities the total acreage for district hospital must be at least 30 acres to
provided in study area. cater at least 38 thousand populations compared to the total

DATA COLLECTION population in Kuala Kubu Bharu which are 14897 in year 2010.
Kuala Kubu Bharu also has a dentistry which located at Jalan
The data that had been collected can be divided into two which are
Kolam Air and hold 1.39 acre or 0.1% from the total area.
primary and secondary data. For the primary data, the data that
need to be collect are the location, type, number of educational Data collected Planning Guideline Findings

facilities, existing condition and issues in study area. The District Hospital Each district must The provision of district
provide the hospital hospital in Kuala Kubu
secondary data also have been collected by visiting related The acreages are with the acreages at Bharu can cater the
department such as Hulu Selangor District Hospital to get the 32.35 acres and least 30 acres. It resident in study area. the
located near the must have at least 76 acreage of this building is
number of staff, patients and the number of beds in the hospital. access road. This beds and the following the
The data regarding the map, acreage and percentage of health hospital caters the location must be in requirement in planning
residents in in Kuala front of 20 meter guideline. Same to the
facilities in Kuala Kubu Bharu can be obtained by visiting Hulu Kubu Bharu and the access road. The location of this hospital
Selangor District district hospital that located in Kuala Kubu area outside Kuala population which fronting the access
Kubu Bharu. catchment is 38000 road or in other words, it
Bharu.
people. can be easily access.

108

Data collected Planning guideline Findings 3.5.8 SAFETY FACILITIES DATA COLLECTION
The element of safety must be one of the important elements that
should take into consideration during analysing stage. This is There are two types of data that had been collected during field

Kuala Kubu Bharu The acreages for The provision of because; the provision of safety facilities is to ensure the residents study which are primary and secondary data. The data that had
Dentistry clinic must be at dentistry in Kuala been collected primarily include the types of safety facilities,
feel safe without crime cases.
least 1 acre and can Kubu Bharu can cater
Located at Jalan be easily access by the resident in study existing condition of each type of safety facilities that had been
Kolam Air and the the residents. The area. The acreage of SCOPES OF STUDY provided and the number of safety facilities that exist in Kuala
acreages of this population this building is
clinic is 1.39 acres catchment for clinic following the The scope of study in analysing safety facilities in Kuala Kubu Kubu Bharu. The secondary data that had been collected are the
and serve the is between 15000 to requirement in
Bharu are including the: area of safety facilities in study area, the location of safety facilities
resident in study 20000 populations. planning guideline.
area. Same to the location in map and the catchment area of safety facilities in study area.
of this hospital which  Types safety facilities in study area such as police station,
fronting the access fire station and others. Table below shows the types and area of safety facilities in Kuala
road or in other words,
 Existing conditions of building structures of all types of Kubu Bharu.
it can be easily access.
safety facilities either need to enhance or stick with the
TYPE OF FACILITIES ACREAGES LOCATION
current condition.
Police station 6.69 Jalan Kubu
 Number of provision and location of safety facilities in
ISSUES AND PROBLEMS study area.
 Accessibility for residents in study area to the safety
The district hospital in Kuala Kubu Bharu lack of specialist and the
facilities if there any emergency cases.
resident in that area need to go to Selayang or Sungai Buloh if there Pictures below show the existing condition of police station in
 The catchment area and population from the safety facilities
is a serious case. So, the number of specialist should be added in Kuala Kubu Bharu.
provided in study area either it is following the Selangor
order to ensure the efficiency of health service in that area.
Planning Guideline.

109

ISSUES AND PROBLEMS Primary data

The condition of police station‟s building need to be enhanced at There are two types of cemeteries provided in study area which are
the same time it can beautify the Kuala Kubu Bharu town centre. It for Muslim cemeteries and Chinese cemeteries. Both of these
also strengthen the function of Kuala Kubu Bharu as an cemeteries located next to hospitals and the condition of these
administrative centre if there are a lot of beautiful buildings at the cemeteries can be classified in a good condition.
same time highlighting the element of historical value in this town
centre.
ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
Secondary data
3.5.9 CEMETRIES
Based on the data that had been collected, the provision of police Cemetery facilities must be taken into consideration in the The two types of cemeteries provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu were
station in Kuala Kubu Bharu is following the planning standard provision of development plans. Planning of cemetery must be quite huge. Both of them hold about 6.42 acres which can cater the
since the acreage of police station is according to planning standard adequate and suitable with religious requirements and community resident in this area. In term of accessibility, these cemeteries can
which is 5 to 10 acres. Besides that, this police station also can customs and place activity that is accurate and suitable according to easily access since the location itself were nearby the road inside
cater the current population as Kuala Kubu Bharu which has not the resident‟s needs. Besides, planning cemeteries needs to take the district hospital. The location of cemeteries provided also on a
more than 15000 populations. The existing condition of police into account religious beliefs and culture, topography and status of suitable place which means far from flood prone and this
station is in Kuala Kubu Bharu not in a good condition although it cemeteries which are adequate land, land use suitability. cemeteries also surrounded by more than three residential area with
was built to replace the old police station but the building still
SCOPE OF STUDY sufficient buffer zone. In addition, there is no issue regarding the
needed to be enhanced in order to improve the quality of service
provision of these cemeteries in this area.
and to beautify the town centre itself. The existing condition of the The scope of study in analysing the provision of cemeteries in
police station can be seen at the picture of data collection above. Kuala Kubu Bharu are including the: ANALYSIS AND FINDING
Below is the picture of the old police station and the existing
 Types of cemeteries either for Muslim and Non-Muslim Based on the data that had been collected, the cemeteries provided
condition of that building that located in the town centre.
cemeteries. were sufficient for the resident in Kuala Kubu Bharu and also the
area that located next to this town centre. This is because the
 Location and size of cemeteries provided in study area.
requirement for the provision of cemeteries as stated in planning
 Existing condition of cemeteries provided.
guideline is 2.47 to 4.94 acres for 5000 to 10 000 populations. As
 Accessibility to the cemeteries provided from town centre
the acreages of the cemeteries in Kuala Kubu Bharu were more
of study area.
than the minimum requirements in planning guideline so it is
DATA COLLECTION following what had been stated in the guideline. In term of the
location of cemeteries provided in study area, it were located at a
Two types of data that had been collected which are primary data
suitable place which is far from flood prone area, land slide and
Picture of the old police station that located at Jalan Dato Tabal and secondary data. The data that can be obtained primarily are the
located on a suitable topography or in other words it is located far
location, types, and the existing condition of cemeteries provided in
from slope area.
study area whereby the acreage, location and the accessibility can
be obtained by referring the map provided by the local authority.

110

The existing condition of cemeteries provided can be classified in a There are two types of transportation facilities that had been daily routine easier as the residents can move from one place to
good condition and these cemeteries can easily access by the found in Kuala Kubu Bharu, which are the bus station and railway another. So those, the provision of these transportation facilities are
visitors. In addition, there are no issues regarding the cemeteries station. The bus station located in the Kuala Kubu Bharu town fulfilling the needs of resident in Kuala Kubu Bharu.
provided. centre and the railway station located outside from the boundary of
3.5.11 WELFARE FACILITIES
the study area but this railway station is the one of the access to Kuala Kubu Bharu also has an old folk‟s house that accommodates
3.5.10 TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES
There will be no economic activities if there is no access to the Kuala Kubu Bharu. The bus station located in front of Department the old people that comes from many districts.
town. The access to the town is important to improve the economic of Education of Hulu Selangor district or at Jalan Rasathurai. It is
activities of the town by enhanced cross-border business. Road also located nearby the commercial area in Kuala Kubu Bharu town

plays an important role because it connect one place to another centre. There is an old folk‟s house in Kuala Kubu Bharu that located next

place. Besides that, the other example of transportation is the train The existing condition of bus station and railway station in a
services. good condition since there is no issues regarding the provision of

SCOPE OF STUDY these two stations that were provided in study area.

The study on the transportation facilities in Kuala Kubu Bharu is Picture below show some of the existing condition of bus station
based on several scopes which include: and railway station provided to the resident of Kuala Kubu Bharu.

 The types, size and the location of transportation facilities
in study area.
 The accessibility to the bus station/ taxi station or railway
station provided in study area.
The location of old folk's house
 The existing condition of the bus station/ taxi station or The existing condition of bus station that located in Kuala Kubu Bharu town
centre
railway station provided in study area. nearby the golf course as shown in the map below.
 The issues and problems regarding the provision of
transportation facilities in study area.
The total acreages of the old folk‟s house are 31.89 acres and it was
DATA COLLECTION The existing condition of railway station that located nearby Kuala located at Jalan Padang Golf. This old folk‟s house can easily
Kubu Bharu
access since the location itself that located at the end road of Jalan
Process of data collection had been made during field study in
Padang Golf. The existing condition of this old folk‟s house was in
Kuala Kubu Bharu and the data that need to be collected are
a good condition. There are also sufficient facilities provided in this
divided into two which are primary data and secondary data. The
ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS old folk‟s house such as toilets, facilities for disables and others. In
primary data that had been collected are the types, location,
addition, there are no issues and problems regarding the provision
accessibility, and issues and problems of the provision of Since there was more than one type of transportation facilities that
of this old folk‟s house.
transportation facilities in study area. The acreage of transportation were provided in study area, there are no problems regarding the

facilities can be measured by referring the map provided and in can access to this town centre. The provision of bus station and railway

be categorized as secondary data. station serve the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu and make their

111

PHOTOMAP OF SAFETY FACILITIES AND HEALTH
FACILITIES IN KUALA KUBU BHARU

112

PHOTOMAP OF CEMETERIES, TRANSPORTATION AND WELFARE FACILITIES IN KUALA KUBU BHARU

113

FACILITIES OUTSIDE BOUNDARY OF KUALA KUBU BHARU

Kuala Kubu Bharu Fire Station

MARA Junior Science College

Sekolah Menengah Ampang Pecah

Darul Quran Peretak National Service Training Camp Peretak National Youth Skill Institute

114

3.5.12 PROJECTION

ASPECTS NUMBER OF FACILITIES
EXISTING LOCATION AND POPULATION POPULATION
PROVIDED PROJECTION
CONDITION ACCESIBILITY IN 2011 IN 2020
(SUFFICIENT/INSUFFICIENT)
TYPES OF FACILITIES
EDUCATIONAL -9 schools had been provided in -The existing condition of -Most of the educational 14 897 15 866 -Educational institutions provided in study area are
INSTITUTIONS the study area which is 6 primary all educational institutions institutions are located at sufficient to cater the current populations and future
schools and 3 secondary schools. can be categorized as in a suitable places which are in populations.
good condition. This is front of the main road and
- The schools provided sufficient because most of the easy access by the -The enhancement process need to be done from
to cater current population. building still new and residents and students. time to time in order to maintain the appearance of
some of them still the town as the educational institutions located in
-There is also some school that had undergoes the renovation the town centre.
been provided outside the process.
boundary of the study area such as -As the population increase, some schools need to
Mara Junior Science College and -The facilities provided locate more building due to the increasing number
Sekolah Menengah Ampang such as toilets and parking of students.
Pechah (Bestari). lots sufficient for the staffs
and students. -The landscape of some schools need to enhanced in
-Kuala Kubu Bharu also consists order to give the sense of study to the students.
of 3 training institutions which are -The acreages of all types
Police Academy, Army Camp and of educational institutions
Fire-brigade Academy. also following the
requirement in planning
-Only one tertiary educational standards.
institution had been provided
outside the boundary which is
Darul Quran that located at
Ampang Pechah.

115

ADMINISTRATIVE -Kuala Kubu Bharu acts as an The existing conditions of The administrative 14 897 15 866 -Some improvements of the administrative building
INSTITUTIONS administrative centre of Hulu all administrative buildings in Kuala Kubu need to be done such as paint the building with an
Selangor District, so that there are
buildings in Kuala Kubu Bharu were located at very attractive colour so the building will never get a bad
a lot of governmental offices in Bharu were considered to suitable places and most of view.
this area. be in a good condition and them located next to each
only some of them need other. -Some department in study area need to locate new
-Almost 20 departments had been improvement in term of building in order to improve the efficiency of the
found during field study in Kuala maintenance of the There is no problem services.
Kubu Bharu for example Hulu building. regarding the access to the
Selangor district Council and Land offices since they were -Providing facilities for disable peoples in the
Office. -Facilities provided such located at the main road of building itself.
as toilets, parking lots for Kuala Kubu Bharu such as
disables, fire extinguisher Jalan Pahang and those -Increase the parking lots to ensure the staffs enable
and others are sufficient offices can be clearly seen to park their vehicles.
for the staff usage. from the road.
-The administrative buildings need to be locating at
-The acreages of each one specific place which consists of all departments
administrative building within the area.
were following the
requirements that had been
stated in planning
standard.
RELIGIOUS -Six religious places had been - The existing conditions Worship places in Kuala 14 897 15 866 -Provide musolla near the residential area to ensure
found during field study which is of all worship places in Kubu Bharu were located the Muslim residents feel easy to perform their
one Masjid, one Indian temple, Kuala Kubu Bharu were near the main road which prayer together.
two churches, and two Chinese considered to be in a good is Jalan Pahang and it can
temples not including musolla in condition and only some be easily access by the -Increase the size of the building such as Masjid due
the residential area. of them need improvement resident and visitors. to the increasing population in the study area.
in term of maintenance of
-All the religious places provided the building. -Supervise the maintenance of the building to ensure
can cater the population in the the safety of the people inside and to ensure the
study area. -Facilities provided such people feel comfort when they enter the building.
as toilets, parking lots, fire
-The provision of musolla seems extinguisher and others are -Provide sufficient facilities for disable in all
not adequate since it is provided in sufficient for the residents. worship place
some residential area.
-The acreages of each
worship places provided in
the study area were
following the requirements
that had been stated in
planning standard.

116

RECREATIONAL -There were a lot of recreational - The existing conditions The recreational facilities 14 897 15 866 -Enhance the appearance of recreational area that
facilities that had been provided in of recreational facilities in were located near the main located in the town centre and near the residential
the study area such as, mini study area considered to road and can be easily area to attract people to come to the recreational
stadium, courts, sport complex and be in a good condition. access by the residents. facilities provided by the local authority.
playgrounds.
-Some playgrounds which - Supervise the maintenance of the building of
-There is also a huge golf course are located near the recreational facilities such as sport complex and
that was provided within the residential area need to stadium to ensure the safety of the residents when
boundary of Kuala Kubu Bharu. enhance in order to give a they are doing their activities in the recreational
good view to the town. facilities provided.
-The provision of sport complex,
mini stadium and other
recreational facilities were
sufficient for the residents.

SAFETY -The safety facilities that had been
-The existing condition of The police station provided 14 897 15 866 -The old building need to be enhanced at the same
identified during field study are a
police station in study area was located near the time preserve the historical value of that building.
police station which located of the
is not in a good condition administrative building and
town centre near the commercial
because the appearance of near the access road of -Locate small community police station to supervise
area of Kuala Kubu Bharu. the building was too old Kuala Kubu Bharu. the crime in the study area and it must be located
and must have some near the residential area and also commercial area.
-The provision of this police enhancement process to -It can easily access by the
station can cater the current beautify the building. residents.
population in study area.

TRANPORTATION The provision of bus station in The bus terminal which The location of bus station 14 897 15 866 -Proposed a new bus station with the efficient
study are can facilitate the resident located in the town centre is not very suitable because services.
staying in Kuala Kubu Bharu, but needs some improvement that particular area might
the location of this bus station was in order to increase the be congested when more
not suitably located because it was efficiency of the service. vehicles using that road
near the wet market that make the especially during peak
area congested due to many hours.
vehicles using that road.

117

ISSUES

ELEMENTS OF
ISSUES AND PROBLEMS VERIFICATION PRELIMINARY RECOMMENDATION
PUBLIC FACILITIES
Religious The number of musolla provided in study area didn‟t The distances from some residential area such as Taman Provide a least one musolla in the residential area because it
sufficient and there is no musolla provided in some Selesa and Taman Juta are far from the Masjid Ar-Rahimah can make the residents feel easy to perform prayer together
residential area. that located in the town centre. due to the distances to the mosolla is near to their house.

Recreational The recreational facilities provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu are There no people in the recreational park in the town centre Provide more parking spaces so that the residents feel easier
not fully utilized by the residents although during weekend. although during weekend. Besides, the sport complex to get the parking nearby the recreational area especially
provided in the town centre seems not fully utilized by the during weekend.
residents staying in Kuala Kubu Bharu. The playground Enhanced the playground that located nearby residential area
provided near the residential area also not utilized by the so that, the residents tend to go to the playground as it has
residents as the result the lot of shrubs and rubbish in the sufficient facilities.
playground provided.
Safety The building structure of police station in Kuala Kubu Bharu The condition of police station‟s building need to be The appearances of the old building can be improved by
was an old building and need to enhanced in improve the enhanced at the same time it can beautify the Kuala Kubu applying a new paint to the wall of the building in order to
physical appearance of the police station in the town centre. Bharu town centre. It can also strengthen the function of beautify the building at the same time it can enhance the
Kuala Kubu Bharu as an administrative centre if there are a view of Kuala Kubu Bharu as an administrative centre.
lot of beautiful buildings at the same time highlighting the
element of historical value in this town centre.

Transportation The bus station not suitably located in the town centre. This This area has the tendency to get congested due to many cars The bus station must be located near at a place which do not
bus station located next to the market can make this area using the road especially during peak hours. create traffic congestion and smooth the traffic flow in the
congested. study area.

118

S.W.O.T ANALYSIS

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPOPTUNITIES THREATS

Kuala Kubu Bharu has a lot of administrative Some of administrative buildings in Kuala Kubu People will come to Kuala Kubu Bharu since there The numbers of cars keep increasing as the
buildings that can strengthen the function of its town Bharu need some improvements due to the bad were lots of government building and at the same population also keep increasing in study area. So
centre as an administrative centre of Hulu Selangor maintenance as a result, it can down grade the image time it can generate the economic activity in study that, the location of bus station must be suitably
district. The existence of railway station and bus of this little town. Some of recreational area such as area. The good road network within study area and located in order to avoid traffic jam in future. The
station can be the indicator for people who are playground, mini stadium and other recreational from study area to the other town can fasten the recreational areas that had been provided were not
staying outside study area to come in to Kuala Kubu facilities in study area not fully utilized by the traffic flow in Kuala Kubu Bharu and it can reduce fully utilized by the residents and make the area
Bharu as they all know this area has a good access residents and the playground that located near the traffic congestion to happen.The existence of huge become dull since there are no activities such as
and good transportation. Kuala Kubu Bharu has a residential area full of shrubs. As the result, it can and beautiful golf course and other recreational playing and jogging. As the result, it can give the
beautiful landscape and a lot of recreational give the bad view and at the same time it can also facilities can attract people from outside to come in bad impression from visitors when they see a lot of
facilities such as golf course, mini stadium and make the residents feel don‟t want to use the to Kuala Kubu Bharu that can make this area more recreational facilities did not used by the residents in
comfortable sport complex can enhanced the view recreational area that had been provided. Besides liveable. Kuala Kubu Bharu. To overcome these problems,
of the area. Besides that, this area can be the tourist that, there were lack of activities that can local authority must enhance the facilities provided
destination since there were a lot of historical highlighted Kuala Kubu Bharu can be tourism and they can also organise campaign to encourage
buildings that still preserved and this area also has a destination such as souvenir of Kuala Kubu Bharu the residents to exercise.
beautiful landscape and sufficient facilities that can and this area also did not have sufficient hotels or
be the indicator for this area to be tourism chalets for the visitors to stay.
destination.

119

3.6 INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES

INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES Telecommunication

I
nfrastructure and utilities serve as a backbone of the society. It The objectives that we have to achieve for a better development of 1. To identify the types of cable used for the
is the elements that form basic system for efficient Kuala Kubu Bharu are: telecommunication system in the study area as it might
functioning and performance of the system. Infrastructure and 1. To analyze whether the existing infrastructure ad utilities affect the capacity of the network itself.
utilities also play a vital role in shaping the future development of provided in the study area are in line with the planning 2. To identify the location of the transmitter exchanger and the
an area, enhancing the image of the city and improving the quality standard and guidelines. distribution point of telecommunication system in order to
of life in the society. 2. To ensure adequate provision of infrastructure and utilities locate the catchment area for the service provided.
so that all residence can benefit the infrastructure and 3. To determine the demand and supply of telecommunication
The integrated water supply and electrical supply system can
utilities provided without left behind. system based on the population and land use categories.
provide a systematic distribution system within an area which also
3. To analyze issues and problems pertaining the elements of 4. To identify the issues and problems pertaining to the
can benefit the local residents. This well-planned distribution
infrastructure and utilities. telecommunication services.
system should be accompanied by an integrated drainage and
irrigation planning in order to ensure the stability of the ecosystem SCOPE OF STUDY Drainage System
and also to avoid the issues and problems regarding to the The scopes of study are divided based on six elements of 1. To identify the drainage system used in study area whether
environment in the area. infrastructure and utilities. it is major drainage or minor drainage.

In term of solid waste management, the implementation of Electrical Supply 2. To identify the type of drainage system that had been used

recycling programme among the local resident and the systematic 1. To identify the types of electrical services provided in the in the study area based on land use categories, either it is u-

solid waste collection, it may help in providing the convenient study area based on land use category. shape drainage or v-shape drainage.

condition in the area. An effective solid waste management within 2. To identify the location and distribution of the electrical 3. To identify the flood prone area in Kuala Kubu Bharu

the society or town is very important in order to ensure a quality of main station and substation in the study area. based on the area and the rainfall data.

life for the local resident and also to provide good image of the 3. To study the coverage and catchment area of the electrical 4. To identify the issues and problems relating to the drainage

town. station based on types of land use in order to understand the system on the study area.

level of services provided. Water Supply
Besides that, an effective and systematic sewerage system is
4. To identify the demand and supply within the area whether
important to provide good, healthy and convenient environment of 1. To identify the location and current capacity of water
it is enough or not.
the town toward the better quality of life. treatment plant that supply water into study area.
5. To identify the issues and problems relating to the electrical
2. To determine the adequate provision of water supply based
In the study area, the total acreage for infrastructure and utilities supply services in the study area.
on the demand and supply base on land use category.
inside the boundary is 1.93 acres. The area is quite small because
3. To identify issues and problems relating water supply
most of infrastructure and utilities for the study area located
towards study area.
outside the boundary.

120

Solid Waste Management In Kuala Kubu Bharu, the electrical services provided are

1. To identify the location of existing sanitary landfill that can mostly covered by both conditions, which are for new development

manage solid disposal in the study area and its vicinity. and upgrading development. Tenaga Nasional Berhad is

2. To investigate the capacity and lifespan of the sanitary responsible in providing electrical services within the area.

landfill in order to project future demand. ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
3. To study the solid waste generation rate based on land use
Types of Electrical Services
categories.
4. To identify issues and problems relating to solid waste Mainly, there are four types of electrical services provided
Figure 3.5.2 Double chamber electrical transformer in the study
management in the study area. within the study area. These include power generation plant, area
transmission or grid line, the distribution of electrical current
Sewerage System
through the transformer and lastly the consumer receiving ends
1. To identify the location and distribution of the sewerage Table 3.5.1 The consumption of transmission main intake in
which include consumer substation.
Rasa
treatment plant on the study area.
2. To investigate the catchment area based on the population Transmission Main Intake TRANSMISSION VOLTAGE CAPACITY CONSUMPTION
MAIN INTAKE (2011)
for the area. Generally, the electrical supply for Kuala Kubu Bharu is
3. To identify issues and problems relating to sewerage obtained from Rasa Transmission Main Intak (PMU) which was
management is taken into consideration in order to project Rasa 132/11 kV 2x30 MVA 15.3 MW
located at Rasa. The electrical is then being distributed to the other
132/33 kV 2X90 MVA
future demand. two areas which are Rasa and Batang Kali. The capacity of the
(Source: Hulu Selangor Local Plan, Hulu Selangor District
transmission is 2x30 MVA with 132/11kV voltage provided to the
Council)
3.5.1 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY grid line, before it will be transmitted to the electrical substation in
the area. The demand for the current electrical services in Kuala
Kubu Bharu, Rasa and Batang Kali are 15.3MW. Transformer Substation
INTRODUCTION
Mainly there are two types of transformer substation which
Electricity is a fundamental form of energy observable in
present in the study area currently which are single chamber
positive and negative forms that may occur naturally or is in
substation and double chamber substation. Single chamber
produced by the generator. Electrical services can be divided into
substation usually used 35m2 areas with load of 200kVA, whilst
two conditions which are for the new development and for the
double chamber substation covered 48m2 areas with load of
upgrading services for the development such as the accessibility
2000kVA.
within road and type of settlement. Electrical services provided are
mainly based on the types of land use and its activities including
residential, mixed development (residential and commercial),
industrial and others.
Figure 3.5.1 Single chamber electrical transformer in the study
area

121

Demand and Supply Future Projection on Electrical Services

Rasa Transmission Main Intake had consumed 15.3 MW For the future demand, it had been stated that the
electrical current to its catchment area. Kuala Kubu Bharu had consumption on 2020 are 21.3, which showed an increased in
been supplied by 4973.69 kW. electrical services demand within the study area. As the
subsequent, the capacity for the electrical transmission main intake
Table 3.5.2 The current demand for the study area in Kuala
Kubu Bharu based on land use categories. in Rasa will be increase. The future capacity for the transmission is
2 x 90MVA, which will supply more services towards its
LAND USE DEMAND (kW) PERCENTAGE
(%) catchment area due to development on 2020.
Residential 3460.00 69.50
Commercial 581.43 11.70 Table 3.5.3 The demand for the study area in Kuala Kubu Bharu
Figure 3.5.3 Single chamber electrical transformer in the study on 2020 based on land use categories.
Public facilities 932.26 18.80
area
TOTAL 4973.69 100.0 LAND USE DEMAND PERCENTAGE DEMAND
(Source: Tenaga Nasional Berhad, Rawang) (kW) (%) INCREASE
(%)
Residential 4152.00 72.30 20.00

Commercial 604.70 10.50 4.00
Demand on electrical supply in
Facilities 988.20 17.20 6.00
2011
TOTAL 5744.90 100.0 30.00
18.80%

Residential
11.70%
Commercial
Demand on electrical supply in
69.50% Facilities
2020
Figure 3.5.4 Double chamber electrical transformer in the study
area
17.20%

Figure 3.5.5 The percentage on demand of electrical services Residential
10.50%
Location of Electrical Substation based on land use categories. Commercial
72.30% Public facilities
Electrical substation in the study area manly located at the
residential area, commercial and public facilities such as school,
hospital and offices. Types of electrical substations provided are
differing based on the amount of unit in the particular area. The Figure 3.5.6 The percentage on demand of electrical services in
electrical services in the particular area are mainly distributed from 2020 based on land use categories.

electrical substation and transformer in the area.

122

MAP ON ELECTRICAL SUPPLY AND CATCHMENT AREA

123

3.5.2 TELECOMMUNICATION Note that Telekom Malaysia Berhad had supplied two lines for
each unit of houses, shop lots, shop houses and facilities provided.
INTRODUCTION The demand and supply for every types of land use are differing.

Telecommunication system is the science and technology Table 3.5.5 The demand and supply on telecommunication
of communication at a distance by electronic transmission of services based on type of land use
impulses. There are two types of telecommunication system in the
TYPE OF LAND USE DEMAND AND SUPPLY
study area which are telephone line network and internet network.
Residential 2007 user lines
These systems are being managed by Telekom Malaysia Berhad.
Commercial 312 user lines
Besides, there are also telecommunication network provided by the
Public facilities 632 user lines
private company for the cellular phone such as Maxis, Celcom and
(Source: Telekom Malaysia Berhad, Rawang)
others. These cellular lines are then being connected to the
transceiver tower by wave. Telecommunication system seems to As for the main terminal voice data, it is provided in the
give impact towards the development of the community because its residential and administration centre. Normally, it can
ability to enable communication with different people in a different accommodate 420 user lines. This cabinet are only serving for the
places. area which basically distributes the services to the distribution
point before it was sent to the house.
Figure 3.5.7 Kuala Kubu Bharu Telekom Malaysia Point
Types of Cable

The types of cable used for the telecommunication services Capacity of Telecommunication Line
including internet and telephone line are mainly fiber optic.
The transmitter exchanger in Kuala Kubu Bharu can accommodate
However, copper cable are still be used to distribute the services
20 000 user lines at the same time. However, the demand and
from the telecommunication exchanger to the distribution point in
supply for the telephone and internet connectivity is only 2951 user
the residential, commercial and public facilities. Fiber optic cable
lines that covered the whole area of Kuala Kubu Bharu.
acts as a backup cable in case of the shortage of supply. It has the
ability to transmit signals over much longer distances and Table 3.5.4 The capacity and current supply on
telecommunication services kin the study area
capability to carry information at greater speeds.
TRANSMITTER CAPACITY CURRENT Figure 3.5.8 Main terminal voice data located in Jalan Pahang
It can be stated that both type of cable are being used as EXCHANGER/ DEMAND SUPPLY
telecommunication services. Copper cable had been used for a long TRANSCEIVER
STATION 20 000 user lines 2951 user lines
time before fiber optic cable being created. Although new
inventions of cable that can transmit signals at greater speed are
(Source: Telekom Malaysia Berhad, Rawang)
used, copper cables are still being a good choice for the
telecommunications services.

124

Location of Telecommunication Transmitter Demand and supply Table 3.5.6 The number of customer and demand projection
based on the year
The location of transmitter exchanger is in Jalan Houses normally used telephone as their main
Rasathurai, near the town centre. It is also known as transceiver telecommunication system as it is user friendly. It can be said that
YEAR NUMBER OF PERCENTAGES
station whereby the antenna is mounted at the highest point of the all houses should at least have one telephone to use for. However, CUSTOMER INCREASES (%)
tower in order to get a wider coverage. The coverage area for the this situation differs when it goes to the rural area whereby they are
2008 2549 5
telecommunication services provided is in 10km radius from the avoiding using the fixed line to avoid paying bills to Telekom
2011 2951 5
exchanger tower. In Hulu Selangor District, every district had been Malaysia Berhad. They normally used cellular phone instead of
2013 3252 5
provided a tower that can cover 10km radius from its exchanger fixed line provided.
2015 3586 5
tower. For example, there are a few transceiver stations that are
The internet networking system as in ten units of houses, 2017 3953 5
provided in Rawang, Serendah, Hulu Yam, Rasa, Kuala Kubu 2020 4576 5
there are only seven to eight internet connections that may have in
Bharu, Kerling, Kalumpang and others. These services covered
the area. It can be concluded that people in the study area are
10km radius for each stations. The services distributed from the
mostly used telecommunication system in an optimum level. Due The projections are done by the estimation of 5% increase per year.
area to another area by using wave as its medium. There are two
to this condition, Telekom Malaysia Berhad even had provided It had been stated that for the study area, there will be 4576
types of telecommunication line provided through this station
additional distribution points that are currently being reserved for customer in 2020. This showed that there will be an increased in
which are the fixed line and cellular line.
the maintenance. demand for the future. It may due to the growth and development
The telecommunication services provided then distributed of technology that are modern and advance which may attract
It had been stated before that the capacity of the transmitter
the network through the main terminal voice data. It is functioned people to use more telecommunication network and services.
exchanger tower only been used for 14.75%. It indicates that the
as the cable continuation from the transmitter exchanger before it is
supply of the telecommunication and internet connectivity are The transmitter exchanger or transceiver tower can
distributed to the distribution point. Mainly, the cabinet can
more than the demand of the population. As a result, the system of accommodate 20 000 user number in the study area. However,
accommodate 420 user lines, either in residential, commercial or
the transceiver tower is less and abandoned because of the over there are only 2951 user number currently, which covered 14.75%
public facilities. As for the distribution point, each point can supply
surplus. However, the over surplus are projected for the future only. There are nearly 85% vacant numbers in the exchanger. The
telecommunication services to four houses which generally project
generation which the telecommunication demand will increase in remainder can be used for the future projection of user number in
as each house will have two telecommunications services which
the future due to the latest technology and invention. the study area, which can be remaining until 20 to 30 years.
include telephone and internet.

125

MAP ON telecommunication AND CATCHMENT AREA

126

3.5.3 DRAINAGE SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS Minor Drainage

Drainage System in Study Area Minor drainage can be divided into two types which are u-shape
INTRODUCTION drainage and v-shape drainage. U-shape drainage is mostly used in
Basically, there are two types of drainage system that had been
Drainage system can be defined as a system that carrying used in the study area which are major drainage and minor residential and commercial area. V-shape drainage usually located
excess water through watercourses or drains. Drainage system can drainage. Major drainage can be referred as any natural drainage near the main road which maintained by Jabatan Kerja Raya.
be divided into two types which are natural drainage and man- existed in the area, whilst minor drainage is mainly referred as Table…Type and size of drainage based on the location
made drainage. It is important to study the drainage system in the man-made drainage.
study area in order to enhance and protect the physical appearance
TYPE OF SIZE DEPTH/ LOCATION
of the area itself. Better drainage system may avoid bad incident Major Drainage
DRAINAGE
(inches) HEIGHT
such as flood from occur. Major drainage in the study area referred to the water bodies in the
(inches)
Major drainage system can be defined as the route followed study area. There are three major drainages in the study areas
which are Kelempung River, Kumbang River and Kubu River. U-shape 12 17.3 All residential area
by the water runoff when the capacity of the minor drainage system
is exceeded. It mainly conveys runoff water from the infrequent These three rivers are tributaries of Selangor River that flow from U-shape 12 17.3 All commercial area
storms such as natural streams and man-made drains. Minor the eastern part of Kuala Kubu Bharu to the Malacca straits facing
V-shape 18 24.0 Main road
drainage system is the drainage system that provided to the western part of Selangor, with the length of 77km.
(Source: Department of Infrastructure and Engineering, Hulu
accommodate water that can cause flood. It conveys runoff water Table 3.5.7 The length of the river in Kuala Kubu Bharu Selangor District Council)
from the frequent storms and reduces the frequency of
There are certain area in Kuala Kubu Bharu used drain cover as
inconveniences by storm water ponding. Street gutters and storm
RIVER LENGTH (km) part of the safety and good appearance. This can be seen at the
sewers are the example of minor drainage.
Kelempung river 4 commercial area, especially in the farm‟s market.

Kumbang River 2

Kubu river 11

(Source: Department of Drainage and Irrigation)

Figure 3.5.9 Drain cover in commercial area

127

Figure 3.5.10 Natural drainage in study area

(Source: Related sector, Environment sector)

128

Water Runoff

Water runoff usually occurs when there is excess water from rain
or river flows to the land. Generally, it happened when the soil is
infiltrated to full capacity, and it is called as surface runoff.

During rain, the water will flow from the higher level of
land to either major drainage or minor drainage. Based on the
rainfall data provided by the related sector, Kuala Kubu Bharu had
been received a lot of rainfall ranging from 6.5 ml to 335 ml in
year 2010. The amount of rainfall starts at 71.5 ml in January and
decreases drastically in February with an increment of 6.5 ml. The
pattern repeated until December with different changes of rainfall
amount.

Table 3.5.8 The rainfall data in 2010

Rainfall mm
400

350

300

250
Axis Title

200

150

100

50 Figure 3.5.11 Natural drainage and water inflow in the study area

0 (Source: Related sector, Environment sector)
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JULY AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Water inflow

(Sources: Related sector, Environment sectore, from the
Metereology Department)

129

Flood Prone Area

There is no flood prone area in the study area as it has many water
basins surround the study area. However, there are certain areas
outside the boundary that are prone to flood, such as Batang Kali.

Sungai Selangor River Basin is located outside of the study
area. It is the tributaries of the three rivers that can be found in
Kuala Kubu Bharu which are Kelempong River, Kumbang River
and Kubu River. As Kuala Kubu Bharu is located 80 metres above
sea level, which is lower than its vicinity area, by following the
laws of gravity, water will decends from the mountain peaks to the
lowest elevation of sea level, which is Kuala Kubu Bharu.

As it is located at the lower level, based on the rainfall data
provided, it can be stated that due to the monsoon season occur
mainly in November and December, Kuala Kubu Bharu are prone
to flood in future. Due to the size and length of the current river
and the condition of the man-mad drainage system, flooding may
occur in future.

Figure 3.5.12 Three-dimensional topography map that shows the location of Kuala Kubu Bharu

(Source: Related sector, Environment sector)

130

Map on draiange

131

3.5.4 WATER SUPPLY

INTRODUCTION
During the site visit, some questionnaire had been Water Treatment Plant
Water supply is an element of infrastructure that needs to distributed among 150 respondents in the study area. From the Water treated for the whole Kuala Kubu Bharu is supplied
be managed in efficiently and properly. A well managed water questionnaire, 87.3% (131 respondents) said that water supply in by Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Treatment Plant. The water treatment
supply system will be a catalyst of economic growth which is can the study area is very good and good condition while 12.7% (19 plant has a capacity to provide 6.7 million litres treated water per
provide convenient water supply services and good water quality respondents) said that water supply in the study area is in poor and day (MLD). Table show details of Kuala Kubu Bharu Water
for local resident in Kuala Kubu Bharu town. A water supply very poor condition.
service in Kuala Kubu Bharu town is provided by Syarikat Bekalan Name of Water Location Year of Capacity
Treatment Built (MLD)
Air Selangor (SYABAS) Sdn. Bhd. Plant

Kuala Kubu 1km to the 2001 6.7
Bharu Water north-east of
ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS Treatment Kuala Kubu
Plant Bharu town
Existing Water Supply System centre
During the site visit, several existing water supply Treatment Plant:
infrastructure had been found and its location had been identified
Table 3.5.10 Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Treatment Plant
in the study area. The total acreage for water supply infrastructure
inside the boundary is 0.43 acre. The treated water is come from
Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Treatment Plant and stored in Kuala Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Treatment Plant located 1km to
Figure 3.5.13 Water Tank at Taman Arif
Kubu Bharu Water Tank before it had being distributed to the the north-east of Kuala Kubu Bharu town centre. The water
consumers. These two water supply infrastructure are located treatment plant scheme is managed by a concessionaire namely
The result of questionnaire shows that most of the local
outside the study area boundary. There are several water supply Puncak Niaga while the distribution is managed by Syarikat
residents are satisfied with water supply system in Kuala Kubu
infrastructures inside the study area boundary such: Bekalan Air Selangor Sdn. Bhd. (SYABAS).
Bharu. During the interview with local residents, there is no issue
Table 3.5.9 Water supply infrastructure inside the study area and problem issuance by the local residents. Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Treatment Plant is design to
Name Location supply 6.7 million litres treated water per day. There is also a water
From the observation during the site visit, most of physical
tank named Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Tank built closely to the
SYABAS Water Pump House Jalan Padang Golf near to conditions of water supply infrastructures are in fair condition
Rumah Ehsan Staff Quarters water treatment plant with the storage capacity of 2.727 million
Padang Golf which it should be improved and enhanced in order to give good
litres in one time.
image to the Kuala Kubu Bharu town. SYABAS and Hulu
SYABAS Water Tank Taman Arif At Taman Arif near to musolla.
Selangor District Council should have an appropriate management The raw water for Kuala Kubu Bharu water treatment plant
SYABAS Water Tank Committed Jalan Tun Abdul Razak near to plan to solve the issue and problem. is taken from Sungai Kubu and Sungai Gerachi which are main
Dev. Padang Golf Kampong Tun Abdul Razak tributaries of Sungai Selangor basin.

132

Water Treatment Plant Process

The treatment process of Kuala Kubu Bharu Water In the clarification, clarifiers perform the function of flock
Treatment Plant consists of seven processes to turn raw water to concentration, collection and discharge. Then, clarified water is
treated water for the use of consumers. filtered through a sand filter media to trap unsettled particles which
are not settled in the clarification process. During fluoridation
Firstly, raw water from river is pumped from Sungai
process, the filtered water is collected at the filtered water channel
Gerinchi and Sungai Kubu to the water intake tank. Then the raw
where sodium silicofluoride is added.
water is channeled to the floating boom and a coarse screen which
traps floating debris. The water then flows through a rotating band In the clear water tank, chlorine is added for disinfection
screen which traps smaller debris and sediment settle into sand and tests to ensure it free from pathogenic organisms. Hydrated
hoppers built into the floor of the intake channel. Then raw water lime also added for pH correction. The clear water tank also
Figure 3.5.14 Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Treatment Plant then pumped to treatment plant via a raw water pipe. provides sufficient contact time for the disinfection and
conditioning chemicals to work on the water.
At the treatment plant, the raw water enters the aerator
which is designed to create sufficient turbulence to achieve a From the clear water tank, treated water is pumped to the
dissolved oxygen content of 80% saturation at ambient balancing tank (a huge water reservoir). In the balancing reservoir,
temperature. Here, pre-lime and a primary coagulant which is poly the treated water is stored before distributed to smaller service
aluminum chloride are added. Then, the raw water flows to a flash reservoirs through gravitational method which to cater the needs of
mixing chamber where a flocculants aid (polyelectrolyte) is added the consumers.
for easier removal in the clarification process.

Figure 3.5.15Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Tank

133

Figure 3.5.16 The overall image of water treatment process of Kuala Kubu Bharu Treatment Plant

(Source: Syarikat Bekalan Air Selangor (SYABAS) Sdn. Bhd.)

134

Non Revenue Water Water Supply Projection i) Residential
Number of housing units = 3647 units
Non revenue water (NRW) is the water which has been The water supply projection of the year 2020 will include
produced by water treatment plant and is lost before it reaches the consideration of total population and the rate of water demand (Estimated 100 units are vacant) = 3647 – 100 = 3547 units

customer. The losses can be in term of real losses or apparent from different land use in the study area. Presently, the current Average number of household for each house = 4.2
losses. Real losses are because of leaks of the water supply pipe or demand of treated water for the study area is about 5,503,296 litres The current number of people in residential area = 3,547 x 4.2
sometime also referred as physical losses. Apparent losses are per day while the population of the study area is 14,897 people. = 14,897 people
referred to the action of stealing water supply like theft or the Table show the data collected from SYABAS:
Quantity of water consumption of residential area in the study area
metering inaccuracies.
Table 1.5.11 Current Water Consumption based on type of land is 2,170,129 litres per day. Therefore,
use in the study area
In the study area, the current non revenue water is about
Litre per capita per day = 2,170,129 litres per day
18.3% (data source from SYABAS) of the treated water produced
Type of Land Use Total Water Consumption (LPCD) 14,897 people
by the Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Treatment Plant in a year. The (2011)
major cause that had been identified is the leaks of the older (litre/day) = 146 litres per capita per day

galvanised iron pipe with almost 20 years old ages. Residential 2,170,129
The projection of population in residential area in the year of 2020
Based on the data collected, non revenue water in the study
is 15,866 people. The calculation of demand of the treated water
area is quite high for a suburban area like Kuala Kubu Bharu. In Commercial 775,167
for residential area in the year 2020 as below:
order to solve this problem, Syarikat Bekalan Air Selangor Sdn.
Bhd. (SYABAS) have replaced the older galvanised iron pipes Institution 2,558,000 Quantity of water = Rate of Water x Projection of Population
which easily can break if there is extra water pressure with TOTAL 5,503,296 consumption Demand in the year 2020
hydensity polyethylene pipe (HDPE) which is much stronger to
= 146 x 17,304
support high water pressure. The replacement will take in several
Based on the data collected, the analysis can be done by = 2,526,384 litres per day.
phases starting from 2005 and expected to finish in 2012. Through
calculating the rate of water demand. Therefore, the rate of water ii) Commercial
the replacement, SYABAS hope that the non revenue water in the
demand can be calculated in term of litre per person per day or litre
study area would drope down to only about 10% to 12% per For the commercial area, the rate of water demand used is in term
per area per day.
annum. of litre per area per day. Thus, the total acreage of commercial area
Rate of Water Demand = Quantity of Water Consumption in the study area is 143.97 acres. The calculation as below:
Non revenue water in the study area is almost 18.3%. It is
about 367.6 million litres treated water per annum which the 1 Population Quantity of water consumption of commercial area in the study
millon litres per day loss as non revenue water. The situation area is 775,167 litres per day. Therefore,
should be handling in the best method and more effective
Litre per capita per day = 775,167 litres per day
programme in order to overcome this issue.
(LPCD) 143.97 acres
= 5,385 litres per acre per day

135

The rate of water demand of the commercial area in the year of Based on the calculation that had been made, the projection about 5.8 million litres per day. So, the current water treatment
2020 is about 5,384 litres per area. The calculation of treated water is done for the year of 2020 because of the implementation of the plant provide sufficient water supply to the study area.
consumption of the commercial area in the year 2020 as below: special area plan for Kuala Kubu Bharu is targeted until the year of
For the projection in 2020, the estimated that 5.86 million
2020. Table show the projection of treated water in the study area.
Quantity of water = Rate of Water x Projection of Total litres per day is required and the water treatment plant only can
consumption Demand Acreage of Commercial provide 5.8 million litres per day. But due to the replacement
Table 3.5.12 Projection of Water Demand Based on Type of Land Use programme, SYABAS will ensure that the non revenue water in
= 5,384 x 143.97
2015 and 2020 is around 10% to 12% only and the treated water
= 775,279 litres per day. Land Use Projection of Water Demand
(Litre Per Day) that can be supplied to the customers in Kuala Kubu Bharu would
The demand of the treated water of the commercial area in the year increase up to 6.1 million litres per day.
2011 2020
of 2020 is remain unchanged because there is no committed (Current)
In conclusion, the increases of water demand in 2020 could
development on the commercial.
Residential 2,170,129 2,526,384 not create shortage situation in the study area because the water
iii) Institutional demand is still below and not exceeding the capacity of water
The institution is comprises public facilities and government Commercial 775,167 775,279 supply provided by Kuala Kubu Bharu water treatment plant. But,
account. The rate of water demand of institution area is in term of the most challenging for SYABAS is to ensure that their target to
litre per area per day. The total acreage of institution area in the Institutions 2,558,000 2,558,228 achieve only 10% non revenue water by the the year 2015 could be
study area is 446.54 acres. The calculation as below: realize. If not, it would create shortage to the study area due to
TOTAL 5,503,296 5,859,891
increases of water demand and high non revenue water.
Quantity of water consumption of commercial area in the study
area is 2,558,000 litres per day. Therefore,
From the calculation and analysis that had been made, the

Litre per capita per day = 2,558,000 litres per day total quantity of water demand of the study area in the year of 2020
is 5,859,891 litres per day. The residential area record big increases
(LPCD) 446.54 acres
of water demand from the year of 2011 (current) to the year of
= 5,729 litres per acre per day
2020 which is about 356,255 litres per day. The commercial area
The projection of treated water consumption of the commercial and institution area record small increases. The data collected from
area in the year of 2020 is about 5,726 litres per area. The other related sector such sector commercial and sector public
calculation of demand of the treated water of the commercial area facilities shows there is no committed development or any
in the year 2020 as below: development proposal for both types of land use in the study area.

Quantity of water = Rate of Water x Projection of Total Comparing to the current water demand in the study area
consumption Demand Acreage of Institution (in the year of 2011), there is increasing in the quantity of water
= 5,729 x 446.54 demand which is about 356,595 litres per day.

= 2,558,228 litres per day. Average non revenue water for the study area is 0.9
millions litres per day. Thus, total water supply for the study area is

136

3.5.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Based to the Table above, the schedule of garbage
INTRODUCTION collection is similar to some local authority. The frequency of
As an administrative centre of Hulu Selangor district, Kuala garbage collection for each type of land use is relevant and in good
Kubu Bharu town should enhance and take care of it town image. schedule but the local authority should identify some places that
The cleanliness and beauty of the town is the aspects that should be need more frequent garbage collection. This is to ensure the
focused. Thus, a systematic solid waste management play a vital garbage in this collection point is well managed before it is
role to ensure the cleanliness of the Kuala Kubu Bharu town is transferred to the landfill.
always in the good condition. Solid waste management in the study
Landfill
area is conducted by contractor that is appointed by Hulu Selangor
District Council (MDHS) The landfill for Kuala Kubu Bharu town is located in
Sungai Sabai, Kalumpang. It is located about 14 km from Kuala Figure 3.5.18 Solis Waste Disposed at Sungai Sabai Landfill
Existing Solid Waste Management Facilities Kubu Bharu town centre or 15 to 20 minutes travel journey by
Existing solid waste management facilities in the study area vehicle.
Recycling Programme
are focuses on the garbage collection house, individual dustbin and
Table 3.5.13 Details of the landfill
recycle dustbin. There are 5 garbage collection houses, 22 Recycling programme in the study area is conducted by
dumpster, 5 container bin, 11 recycle dustbin and individual Landfill Acreage Design Capacity Lifespan Department of Environment under Majlis Daerah Hulu Selangor.
dustbin located in front of each dwelling unit and premise in the (acre) (kg/day) (years) There are 11 places in the study area that locate recycle dustbin
study area. such in the educational institution, commercial area at the town
Sungai 20 50,000 20
Sabai centre, Masjid Ar-Rahmah, sport complex, training academy and
Schedule of Garbage Collection
Dataran Kuala Kubu Bharu. These places are strategic to locate the
Basically, the schedule of garbage collection in the study recycle dustbin because it has become focal point to the local
area is similar to other local authority in the district level. resident to do their daily activities.

Table 3.5.13 Garbage collection schedule in Kuala Kubu Bharu

Type of Frequency of Disposal Area Distance of
Garbage Landfill from
Land Use Collection (Landfill) the Kuala
Kubu Bharu
Town Centre

Residential 3 times a week Sungai Sabai 14 km

Institution 3 times a week Sungai Sabai 14 km
Figure 3.5.17 Sungai Sabai Landfill
Commercial Twice a day Sungai Sabai 14 km

138

Table 2 Solid waste generation rate based on each land use Thus, the quantity of solid waste production for residential area on

Type of Land Use Solid Waste Generation Rate daily basis is calculated as below:

Solid Waste Production = 0.9kg/capita/day x 14,897
Residential 0.9 kg per capita per day = 13,407 kg per day

The projection of population in residential area in the year of 2020
Commercial 80.97 kg per acre per day is 15,866 people. The calculation of quantity of solid waste
production for the residential area in the year 2020 is:
Institution 80.97 kg per acre per day
Figure 3.5.19 Recycle dustbin located at town centre Solid Waste Production = 0.9kg/capita/day x 17,304

Through the observation and interview that had been made = 15,574 kg per day

during the site visit, recycling programme in the study area is not Solid waste generation rate for residential area is collected ii) Commercial
successful due to several factors. The factors that had been from Town Service Department of Hulu Selangor District Council
The solid waste generation rate for commercial area is 80.97 kg per
identified are lack of awareness within the society in the study area while solid waste generation rate for commercial and institution
acre per day. Thus, the total acreage of commercial area in the
and also lack of awareness campaign in the study area. area is referred to Technical Report of Special Area Plan for
study area is 143.97 acres. The calculation as below:
Dengkil Town Centre.
Solid Waste Generation
Solid Waste Production = 80.97kg/acre/day x 143.97
From the solid waste generation rate, the estimation of solid
The solid waste generation normally depends on the size of
= 11,657 kg per day
waste production can be made. Therefore, solid waste generation
the area, the total number of residents in the area and the variation
rate is calculated as below: The projection of solid waste production for commercial area in the
of activities within the area. From the secondary data collected
year of 2020 as below:
from Town Service Department of Hulu Selangor District Council, Quantity of Solid Waste = Solid Waste x Population
the current average solid waste production in the study area is Solid Waste Production = 80.97kg/acre/day x 143.97
Production Generation Rate
between 30 to 40 tones (30,000- 40,000 kilogram) per day and it is
= 11,657 kg per day
OR
estimated that current solid waste production for a week is about
Basically, the current total solid waste production is same to the
210 to 280 tones (210,000 to 280,000 kilogram). Quantity of Solid Waste = Solid Waste x Total Acreage
total solid waste production projected in the year of 2020. It is
Production Generation Rate
because there is no committed development and any future
i) Residential
development proposal regarding to the commercial area. It is
Number of housing units = 3647 units estimated that solid waste production for commercial area in the
(Estimated 100 units are vacant) = 3647 – 100 = 3547 units year of 2020 is about 12,000 kg per day.

Average number of household for each house = 4.2
The current number of people in residential area = 3,547 x 4.2
= 14,897 people

139

iii) Institutional waste. MDHS also need to create strong collaboration with Rukun

The institutional area is comprises public facilities and government Tetangga Committee member that represent local residents in the

account. The total acreage of institutional area in the study area is study area to ensure that all programme and campaign done will

297.76 acres (not included recreational area). The calculation as give benefit to all parties.

below:


= 24,110 kg per day

The projection of solid waste production for institutional area in
the year of 2020 as below:


= 24,110 kg per day

Basically, the current total solid waste production is same
to the total solid waste production projected in the year of 2020. It
is because there is no committed development and any future
development proposal regarding to the institutional area. It is
estimated that solid waste production for institution area in the year
of 2020 is about 24,500 kg per day due to increases number of
trainee at Fire Department Training Academy and Police
Department Training Academy.

Based from this solid waste generation rate, the estimation
of current solid waste produced in the study area is 49,174 kg per
day. This estimation is made based on the waste generation rate
and the total population in the study area. Total solid waste
production projected in the year of 2020 is about 52,074 kg per
day. Sungai Sabai Landfill still can support the total solid waste
production of the study area in the year 2020 due to its capacity to
disposed solid waste.

Quantity of solid waste production is keep increasing year
by year due to changes of population. Hulu Selangor District
Council (MDHS) through Town Service Department should have
integrated and well plan strategy to reduce the production of solid

140

Map on solid waste

141

3.5.6 SEWERAGE SYSTEM
PERCENTAGE OF LOCAL
INTRODUCTION RESIDENTS OPINION ON THE
Sewerage system is a system of pipes used to collect and
SEWERAGE SYSTEM IN KUALA
carry rain, waste water and trade waste away for treatment and
KUBU BHARU
disposal is called the sewerage or the waste water system. It is Very Good
important to have well planning on sewerage system. Improper
Good
planning of the sewerage system can cause environmental pollution
Fair
especially to the water bodies. This also can contribute to health
Poor & Very Poor
problem in the society. Sewerage system in the study area is Figure 3.5.20 Sewage treatment plant at Taman Arif
conducted by Indah Water Konsortium (IWK) Sdn. Bhd. Indah
In the study area, individual septic tank system is commonly
Water also has responsibility in cleaning, checking, monitoring and
can be found in the public institution area. The location of the
maintaining the sewerage system.
individual septic tank in the study area as below:

1) Government Quarters Figure 3.5.21 Pie chart of local resident opinion on sewerage system in
Kuala Kubu Bharu town
ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS 2) Jabatan Kerja Raya Quarters
Total respondent take place in this questionnaire survey is
3) Telekom Malaysia Berhad
Existing Sewerage System 150 people. The pie chart show that almost 3/4 of the respondents
4) Kuala Kubu Bharu Traffic Office
Basically, there are types of sewerage system used in the does not have any problem regarding to sewerage system in their
5) Hulu Selangor Police Headquarters
study area which is public sewerage system, individual septic tank life and community. Besides that, some respondents also issuance
6) Mahkamah Seksyen Kuala Kubu Bharu
system, traditional sewerage system and private sewerage system. some of their unsatisfied issue such unpleasant smell from
7) Hulu Selangor Land Office
The total acreage for sewerage infrastructure inside the boundary is traditional sewerage system. Therefore, Indah Water Konsortium
8) Syed Manshor Library
1.39 acres which comprises sewage treatment plant at Taman Arif (IWK) and the owner of the sewerage system also need to solve
9) Kuala Kubu Bharu Mini Stadium
and Taman Seri Teratai. The rest sewerage infrastructure is located unsatisfied issues among the society.
10) Buddhist Temple
inside the institution area.
11) Hindus Temple The secondary data is collected from Treatment
For the public sewage treatment plant, there are three types Management Unit and Central Planning Unit of Indah Water
Traditional sewerage system in the study area normally can be
which are oxidation pond (OP) at Taman Arif, Imhoff Tank with Konsortium (IWK) Sdn. Bhd. Basically, the sewage production is
found in the residential area such Kampong Tun Abdul Razak,
Pump System (ITPS) at Taman Seri Teratai and Communal Septic closely related to the water supply. The sewage production can be
Kampong Assam Kumbang, Kampong Dagang Setia and housing
Tank (CST) at Rumah Murah Padang Golf and Rumah Murah calculated from the data of water supply. Normally, 80-85% of
area at Jalan Merak.
Padang Tembak. water demand will discharge as sewage. From this theory, the
For private sewerage system in the study area, it can be found calculation of sewage production can be made.
at Hospital Kuala Kubu Bharu, Hulu Selangor District Council,
primary school, secondary school, Fire Department Training
Academy and Police Training Academy.

142

Projection of Sewage Generation Based on the calculation that had been made, total sewage
production projection in the year of 2020 is 4,129,712 litres per
The calculation will be done based on types of land use in the
day. The current sewerage system utilities is enough and
study area. Since Kuala Kubu Bharu town is a suburban area, it is
functioning in effectively and efficiently. Moreover, the current
estimated that 80% of water demand in the study area will be
sewerage system is limited and cannot be shared with other new
converted into the form of sewage. The calculation of sewage
development. For new development, it should have its own
production as below:
sewerage system in order to avoid over load or over burden
Projection of water demand of residential area in the year of 2020 exceeding its own capacity.
is 2,526,384 litres per day. Thus, the sewage generation for
residential area in the year 2020 is calculated as below:

80 x 2,526,384 = 2,021,107litres per day
100

Projection of water demand of commercial area in the year of 2020
is 775,279 litres per day. Thus, the sewage generation for
commercial area in the year 2020 is calculated as below:

80 x 775,279 = 620,223 litres per day
100

Projection of water demand of institutional area in the year of 2020
is 2,558,228 litres per day. Thus, the sewage generation for
institutional area in the year 2020 is calculated as below:

80 x 2,558,228 = 2,046,582 litres per day
100

Total sewage production that had been projected in the year 2020 is
4,129,712 litres per day.

143

S.W.O.T. ANALYSIS

ASPECT STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS

a) Electrical Supply 1) The demand and supply of electrical 1) Due to the maintenance and cable 1) The upgrading of the main intake 1) The maintenance of the substation
services are always adequate due to lifespan, there are always shortages transmission will provide more should be taken into consideration
high voltage transmission of of electrical supply in the study area. services and increase the as there should be no abandoned
electricity towards study area. electrical supply towards study substation in the area.
area.
b) Telecommunication 1) Kuala Kubu Bharu has its own 1) There are still using copper cable 1) There are more spaces that can be 1) Overhead cable that had been
transceiver station which supplied the instead of fibre optic cable. utilized in the station as the supplied currently had been
telecommunication services to the current user only 14.75%. The stealed by irresponsible people.
whole area. remaining spaces can be used in 2) High cost of maintenance.
the future as the planner can
planned a good development on
technology such as wireless
technology in the study area.
2) Developing underground cabling
network in order to save the land
and avoiding stealing cables from
occur.

c) Drainage system 1) Better drainage system in study area 1) Less maintenance by the authorities 1) The upgrading of drainage system 1) The maintenance of the drain
had managed to prevent flooding from had caused the drain filled with in the particular area such as should be responsible by all
occur. trash. At the same time, the residential will ensure the image people.
residence did not care as they leave of the city is in good condition.
this matter to the authorities. 2) By locating the drain cover in the
particular area, it definitely can
enhance the cleanliness and safety
of the city.
d) Water Supply 1) Water treatment plant located near to 1) High Non Revenue Water 1) Gravitational system can be used 1) Leakages of water supply pipes.
the study area. 2) High maintenance cost of water for distribution of treated water 2) Short lifespan of water supply
2) Rich in source of raw water due to supply infrastructure due to it hilly from the water treatment plant infrastructures.
location of the study area as located at topography. and water tank to the consumer.
Sungai Selangor basin. 3) Poor physical condition of existing
water supply infrastructure.

e) Solid Waste Management 1) Some garbage collection house 1) Disposal landfill located quite far 1) Garbage buyers or collectors take 1) High cost of transporting the
located at strategic place in the study from the study area. this advantage to do their solid waste from study area to the
area which focal point for local 2) Lack of awareness to recycle business in the study area. landfill.
resident do their daily activities. garbage among the local residents.

f) Sewerage System 1) Sewage treatment plant is managed 1) Traditional sewerage system may 1) Local residents nearby the sewage 1) Decreases of land value located
and maintained in properly manner overload if there is no monitoring by treatment plant can live there nearby the sewage treatment
and efficiently. the owner. without any negative health plant.
impact.

145

ISSUES AND PROBLEMS

Table below show that several issues related to the sector of infrastructure and utilities:

ISSUES RELATED TO THE SECTOR OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES
Elements of Issues and problems Verification Actions
Infrastructure
 Electrical shortages in certain area.  There are a few cases of shortages in certain area based on  The authorities should carry out inspections and
Electrical supply survey and questionnaire that had been distributed to people. need to check the systems regularly relating
Mostly complaint on the shortages that affect their daily lives. electrical services and supply so that the
The electrical shortages are caused by the abandoned cable in shortages of electrical supply that happen
the main transmission intake in Rasa. regularly can be avoided.
 Abandoned electrical substation and  There are a few electrical substations in the study area that  The authorities should do regular maintenance on
transformer. had been abandoned. There are irresponsible people who did the abandoned substation. The communities are
vandalism on the substation. These resulted on the bad also responsible to take care of the surrounding
appearance and image of the community. Abandoned area of the electrical substation.
substation may cause damage to the transformer.

Figure 3.5.22 Abandoned TNB substation in Taman Juta

Solid Waste Management  Some garbage collection house in the study area  Inefficient and unsuitable location that locate garbage  Identify another suitable location to transfer the
is planned and provided in inefficient location collection house in the study area causes unpleasant smell and garbage collection house.
and difficult to maintain. bad view to the people surrounding it. It is because most of  Establish a monitoring unit to monitor and
the garbage is spilling out and scattered in the surrounding maintain the garbage collection house, so, it can
garbage collation house. It gives negative perception of tourist be always in clean and good condition.
and outsider that come to the study area. It will give bad  Increase the frequency of garbage collection for
image to the study area. the garbage collection house that always
overloaded.

146

ISSUES RELATED TO THE SECTOR OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES
Elements of Issues and problems Verification Actions
Infrastructure
Telecommunication system  Cables had been stolen by irresponsible people and  There are a few cable stealing cases in the study area  Telecommunication services should be provided if
result in a loss of money for the authorities. especially in Kampung Tun Razak. As there are there is demand on the area. If there is no demand,
oversupplying of telecommunication services in the there is no need to provide the services as it may
area, the authorities had supplied distribution point cause oversupply and causing loss of money.
and copper cable in the area. The people are not
using telecommunication services provided and the
distribution point and the cables are left abandoned
and unchecked. Some people had taken this chance
to steal the cable and sold it to get money.

Drainage system  Abandoned drainage system in the residential area  The authority did not clean up the drain regularly as  The authorities should do maintenance and clean the
because of the unclean garbage in the drain. the garbage fill the drain. This should not be happen drain regularly. Instead of expecting the authorities
as it may cause flood to the area. The water cannot to clean the garbage, the residence also should know
flow freely as there are many obstacles and this may their responsibilities as it is part of their house. The
cause the water to stagnant on the road. The residents image of the area are depends on the appearance of
also did not want to clean up the drain as they think the surrounding.
it is the authority duty to clean it up.

Figure 3.5.23 Garbage in the drain in residential area
(Taman Seruling)

147

3.7 TRAFFIC &TRANSPORTATION

INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES SCOPE OF STUDY
The objectives that are search at Kuala Kubu Bharu are;

T
he purpose of traffic and transportation system is to  To estimate the traffic volume as well as road capacity in The scope of study for sector traffic and transportation are;

coordinate the movement of people, goods and vehicles in Kuala Kubu Bharu  Road Circulation
order to utilize routes most efficiently. When  To evaluate traffic management at the site and its efficiency  Road Geometric & Road Capacity
implemented, traffic and transportation systems seek to reduce
transport costs and improve delivery times through effective  To identify parking characteristic and its impact on users  Road Intersection
timetabling and route management. This scope of study is also to  To recognize the impact of road network and road  Traffic volume
identify the problems related to transportation in study site. In case, geometric along with road intersection classification
it actually functional to reveal the difficulties that faced people on  Traffic management
study site. Hence, it is basically one of important data that needed  To evaluate the usage of pedestrian and analyze the
 Parking
for future reference. condition of pedestrian linkages
 Public Transport
In Kuala Kubu Bharu, traffic and transportation is one of  To evaluate the existing public transportation and its

the major elements on this very technical report. By knowing the efficiency of service.  Pedestrian
flow of traffic and the transportation of the site, it will come out  To identify the current issues and problems regarding  Accident
with the movement of the community whether it is become good or traffic and transportation and its impact on Kuala Kubu
getting worse. To be highlighted here, one of the major roads Bharu.
inside Kuala Kubu Bharu is heading to Fraser Hill called Route 55
or Jalan Pahang. Along the Kuala Kubu Bharu also have
expressway which is PLUS Highway, arterial and local road. Kuala
Kubu Bharu also connected with the Commuter Service provided
by KTMB and already located one of the station at Kuala Kubu
Bharu.

148

3.7.1 ROAD CIRCULATION DATA COLLECTION

R
oad circulation is about traffic routes and the measures On this data collection of road circulation, the observation
for traffic regulation. It also indicates the roads for use has been done through the site visit field work at Kuala Kubu
of certain classes of traffic. The roads also connected Bharu. Kuala Kubu Bharu has connected with surrounding well
with one of the land to another land uses. This is the crucial matter road network systems. The federal road is maintained by
in the planning method that indicated the connectedness between Department of Public Works (JKR) while Hulu Selangor District
one parts to another. The better road network system can be carried Council (MDHS) maintained the road inside Kuala Kubu Bharu.
out with the better movement of people in terms of sending goods, Figure 3.7.1 Department of Public Works logo
The existing roads networks that surroundings the Kuala
money and activities.
Kubu Bharu are PLUS Highway which is connected east to the
At Kuala Kubu Bharu, the town is surrounding with the proper south of Malaysia and Kuala Kubu Bharu located at the middle of
road network to get to the town itself which is connected with the the location of the road. Also, Route 1 that is from Kuala Lumpur
high end highway road system. Also, one of the major road in and Route 55 that heading to Fraser Hill. These are the federal
Kuala Kubu Bharu also is one of the road that heading to Fraser roads that maintained by the Department of Public Work.
Hill and the road is commonly used by people to getting there. In
While the roads inside Kuala Kubu Bharu such as Jalang
studying the road circulation in Kuala Kubu Bharu, some data
Pahang, Jalan Merdeka, Jalan Dato Balai, Jalan Rasathurai, Jalan
might be required that are;
Kubu is maintained by the local authority which is Hulu Selangor
 types of existing road network system District Council (MDHS) itself.
 accessibility
Figure 3.7.2 Hulu Selangor District Council (MDHS) logo
 time period

149

Figure 3.7.1.1.1; road network surrounding the Kuala Kubu Bharu

150

Figure 3.7.1.1.2; road network inside Kuala Kubu Bharu

151

ANALYSIS & FINDINGS
 ACCESIBILITY TO KUALA KUBU BHARU  ACCESSIBILITY TO THE TOWN CENTER
On this Kuala Kubu Bharu road circulation, it connected
with the major and minor road which is arterial road, sub arterial
Kuala Kubu Bharu is connected within any location which is There are several roads that connected to Kuala Kubu Bharu along
road, collector road and lastly local road. For the arterial road, the
north for people are from Penang or Kedah, south for people from South, West and East of the town which is;
Route 1 and Route 55 are considered as the arterial road because it
Kuala Lumpur or Johor Bharu and north east from people from
connected with different land uses. While the jalan Pahang are  Jalan Merdeka
Fraser Hill.
considered as Sub arterial road.  Jalan Kubu
For people from north which is come from Penang or Kedah, they  Jalan Abdul Hamid
Collector road take place on Jalan Merdeka, Jalan Kubu and
may use the PLUS Highway to get to Kuala Kubu Bharu. Then,  Jalan Rasathurai
also Jalan Bukit Kerajaan which is connected from the sub arterial
along the highway, they should take the Tanjung Malim / Rawang
road to local road. Then, local road take places on other roads that Jalan Merdeka and Jalan Kubu are connected with Jalan Pahang
exit to reach Kuala Kubu Bharu which is passed through Tanjung
mention above. Example for the local road is Jalan Rasathurai, which also called Route 55 at the south of the town. While Jalan
Malim.
Jalan Dato Balai and so on inside the town center. Abdul hamid is connectd with jalan Syed Masyor at the West of the
For people from south which is come from Johor Bharu, Kuala town and Jalan Rasathurai connected with Jalan padang tembak at
Lumpur or Melaka, they also should take the easiest way to get to the east.
Kuala Kubu Bharu via PLUS Highway also. It also called Route 1
because before they reach the PLUS highway to get to Kuala Kubu
Bharu, first they have to travel through different federal roads that
are connected along the way to kuala Kubu Bharu then connect
with PLUS Highway. Then, they should take the same exit which
is Tanjung Malim / Rawang exit to reach Kuala Kubu Bharu.

For people from north-east which is from Fraser Hill, they may use
the only road heading to Kuala Kubu Bharu called Route 55.
People from south and north also use this road to get to Fraser Hill
as alternative way.

152

3.7.2 ROAD GEOMETRIC AND ROAD CAPACITY
iv. Local Streets iii. Local Road

The local street system is the basic road network within a Local Authority Roads are all those roads within the
INTRODUCTION TO ROAD GEOMETRIC
neighbourhood and serves primarily to offer direct access to limits of the Local Authority and are normally
abutting land. They are links to the maintained by the responsible local authority.
Road geometrics are basically about road design, shape, curve that
collector road and thus serve short trip lengths. Through
must be interconnect for accessibility and immobility.Roads are iv. „Kampong‟ Road
traffic should be discouraged.
divided into two groups by area, i.e. rural and urban. Roads in rural
„Kampong‟ (District Office) Roads are all those roads
areas are further classified into five categories by function namely For the purposes of road administration, roads are classified as
directly under the jurisdiction of the District Office.
Expressway, Highway, Primary Road, Secondary Road and Minor Federal, State, Local Authority (City Hall, Municipal or Local
They are usually earth roads with no right of way. The
Road and into four categories in urban area, namely, Expressway, Council) or Kampong (District Office) Roads depending upon their
maintenance of these roads are the responsibility of the
Arterial, Collector and Local Street. The general application of jurisdiction.
District Office.
road in urban area is as follow:
i. Federal Road
i. Expressway
INTRODUCTION TO ROAD CAPACITY
Federal Roads are roads that are gazetted under the
An Expressway is a divided highway for through traffic
Federal Road ordinance and are usually roads linking The Road capacity means the ability of a roadway to
with full control of access and always with grade
the State Capitals, Airports, Railway Stations and Ports. accommodate traffic and is defined as the maximum number of
separations at all intersections.
Roads within the FELDA Land Schemes and those in vehicles that can pass over a given time period under prevailing
other Regional Land Schemes constructed with Federal roadway and traffic conditions. Capacity is also usually stated in
ii. Arterials
Funds also fall under this category. The maintenance of terms of passenger car units (p.c.u).
An arterial is a continuous road with partial access control these roads are the responsibility of the Federal
for through traffic within urban areas. Basically, it conveys The importance of road capacity is to plan and design
Government and is done through the State JKR with
traffic from residential areas to the vicinity of the central highway facilities. Road capacity will indicate the highway type,
funds from the Federal Government.
business district or from one part of a city to another which number of lane, lane width and road intersection. Moreover, road

does not intend to penetrate the city centre. Arterials do not capacity also important in order to improve and for any future
ii. State Road
penetrate identifiable neighbourhoods. Smooth traffic flow changes on the road geometrics features, intersection features and
State Roads are all the other roads within the State
is essential since it carries large traffic volume. traffic management measures. There are many factors affecting
outside the jurisdiction of the Local Authority or
road capacity which consists of:
iii. Collectors District Office, built to JKR standards. The maintenance
of these roads are the responsibility of the State i. Number and width of the lane where more numbers of
A collector road is a road with partial access control
Government and is done through the State JKR. lane and wider the width of the lane can accommodate
designed to serve on a collector or distributor of traffic
more traffic.
between the arterial and the local road systems. Collectors
ii. Width of the shoulder which means more wider the
are the major roads which penetrate and serve identifiable
shoulder gives more functions in term of safety such
neighbourhoods, commercial areas and industrial areas.
functioning as emergency lane for not moving vehicles.

153

iii. Commercial vehicles which can increase the road Road Capacity Level of Service
capacity if there is any commercial activities at that The term road capacity pertains to the ability of a roadway The service volume is the maximum volume of traffic that a
area. to accommodate traffic and is defined as the maximum number of designed road would be able to serve without the degree of
vehicles that can pass over a given section of a lane or a roadway congestion falling below a preselected level as defined by the level
DATA COLLECTION during a given time period under prevailing roadway and traffic of service which is the operating conditions at the time the traffic is
conditions. at the design hour volume. Table 3.7.2.3 gives an indication of the
Road Geometrics
Levels of service (LOS).
Capacity is also usually stated in terms of passenger car
Existing road network system creates road hierarchy within
units (p.c.u). Table 3.7.2 gives the conversion factors to be used in Level of Service Remarks
Kuala Kubu Bharu town center to serve different volume capacity
converting the various classes of vehicles to passenger car units. A Free Flow with low volumes, densities and
from one location to another. Referring to the JKR information,
high speeds. Drivers can maintain their speeds
Kuala Kubu Bharu consists of 3 hierarchies of roads which are: Type of Equivalent Value in passenger car unit‟s (PCU) with little or no delay.
Vehicle B Stable Flow. Operating speeds beginning to be
 Federal road Rural Standard Urban Standard restricted somewhat by traffic conditions.
Cars 1.0 1.0 Some slight delay.
 State road C Stable Flow. Speeds and manoeuvrability are
Motorcycle 1.0 0.75
 Local road Lorries 3.0 3.0
more closely controlled by higher volumes.
Acceptable delay.
Table 3.7.1 Road dimension at the selected road by field work Buses 3.0 3.0 D Approaching Unstable Flow. Tolerable
survey. operating speeds which are considerably
Table 3.7.2 shows the conversion of various classes of vehicles to
p.c.u’s. affected by operating conditions. Tolerable
Type/Name of Width (m ) Number of Right of way
delay.
road lane (m)
Source: A Guide on Geometric Design of Roads, Public Works E Unstable Flow. Yet lower operating speeds and
Department, Malaysia perhaps stoppages of momentary duration.
Federal Road 8.8 2 19.4
Volumes are at or near capacity congestion and
(FT 55 ) – Jalan intolerable delay.
Pahang
F Forced Flow. Speeds and volume can drop to
Federal Road 5.4 2 14.4 zero. Stop pages can occur for long periods.
(FT 55 ) – Road Queues of vehicles backing up from, a
towards Fraser restriction downstream.
Hill Table 3.7.3 shows the indicators of Level of Service.
State Road – 8.6 2 20.2
Jalan Merdeka Source: A Guide on Geometric Design of Roads, Public Works
Department, Malaysia
Local Road – 5.8 2 10.4
Jalan Kolam Air

Local Road– 4.2 1 6.2
Jalan Pesara

Local Road– 6.3 2 17.7
Jalan Seruling

154

Road Geometrics

Road Dimension (m)
Type/Name Cross-section/
of Road No. of Width of Carriage Shoulder Landscape Pedestrian Drainage Right of Picture
Traffic each Way Width Width Width Width Way
Lane Traffic Width Width
Lane

Federal Road 2 4.4m 8.8m 5.6m 2m - 3m 19.4m
(FT 55 ) (both of si (both of side) (both of side)
de)

Jalan Pahang

156

Road Dimension (m)
Type/Name of Cross-section/
Road Picture
No. of Width of Carriage Shoulder Landscape Pedestrian Drainage Right of
Lane

Federal Road 2 2.7m 5.4m - 6m - 3m 14.4m
(FT 55 ) (both of side) (both of side)

Road
Towards
Fraser Hill

157

Road Dimension (m)
Road No. of Width of Carriage Shoulder Landscape Pedestrian Drainage Right of Picture
Lane

State Road 2 4.3m 8.6m - 7.6m - 4m 20.2m
(both of side) (both of side)
Jalan
Merdeka

158

Road Dimension (m)
Road Width of Carriage Shoulder Landscape Pedestrian Drainage Right of No. of Picture
each Way Width Width Width Width Way Width Traffic
Traffic Width Lane
Lane

Local Road 2 2.9m 5.8m - - 1.6m 3m 10.4m
(both of side)

Jalan Kolam
Air

159

Road Dimension (m)
Width of Carriage Shoulder Landscape Pedestrian Drainage Right of No. of
Road Picture
each Way Width Width Width Width Way Width Traffic
Traffic Width Lane
Lane

Local Road 1 4.2m 4.2m - - - 2m 6.2m
(both of side)

Jalan Pesara

160

Road Dimension (m)
Type/Name of Carriage Shoulder Landscape Pedestrian Drainage Right of No. of Width of Cross-section/
Road Way Width Width Width Width Way Width Traffic Lane each Picture
Width Traffic
Lane

Local Road 2 3.15m 6.3m - 8.4m - 3m 17.7m
(both of side) (both of side)

Jalan
Seruling

Table 3.7.4 shows road dimension at selected location at Kuala Kubu Bharu.

161

Road Capacity

Roads in Kuala Kubu Bharu town centre is categorized as the urban standards road.
Table 3.7.5 and 3.7.6 shows the calculations and the results of road capacity
of Kuala Kubu Bharu town centre according to the equivalent value in p.c.u for
urban standards road.

Name of road Day of the week Total Hour Total Count Max. count Min. count Average Road Volume/ Level of Service
. (PCU/hour) (PCU/hour) (PCU/hour count Capacity Capacity (LOS)
) (PCU/hour) (PCU/hour) Ratio
Jalan Pahang Saturday 6 Hour 3430 707.5 403.25 571.67 2000 707.5 A
2000
=0.46
Jalan Saturday 6 Hour 3520.75 649.75 504.75 586.79 2000 649.75 A
Merdeka 2000
=0.48
Route 55 Saturday 6 Hour 1149.75 229.5 148.75 191.63 2000 229.5 A
2000
=0.20
Table 3.7.5 shows the calculation of road capacity for weekends at Kuala Kubu Bharu

Name of road Day of the week Total Hour Total Count Max. count Min. count Average Road Volume/ Level of Service
(PCU/hour) (PCU/hour) (PCU/hour) count Capacity Capacity (LOS)
(PCU/hour) (PCU/hour) Ratio
Jalan Pahang Monday 2 Hour 1680.75 874.75 806 840.38 2000 874.75 A
2000
=0.57
Jalan Monday 2 Hour 1500.25 751.5 748.75 750.13 2000 751.5 A
Merdeka 2000
=0.56
Route 55 Monday 2 Hour 238 139.5 98.5 119 2000 139.5 A
2000
=0.12

Table 3.7.6 shows the calculation of road capacity for weekdays at Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Source: Capacity, A Guide on Geometric Design of Roads, Public Works Department, Malaysia

162

Findings

From the field survey it shows inconsistent road
dimension along Jalan Kolam Air especially near school area.
The difference road dimension along the road in front of
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu which
cause to traffic congestion especially before and after school
hours.

This because Jalan Kolam Air functioning as the access
road for fire fighter vehicles, army vehicles and also access for
parents and school bus to send students to school.

Referring to the existing road dimension of Jalan Kolam
Air, there is lack of allocation or reserve for pedestrian
walkway especially within school area and along the road
towards school. Due to this, it may create hazard to the
pedestrian especially to students.

163

3.7.3 ROAD INTERSECTION

DATA COLLECTION
INTRODUCTION

In Kuala Kubu Bharu, study has been done about this

R
oad intersection is road intersection is a road junction sector. In there, type of intersection mostly is actually type „T‟
where two or more roads either meet or cross at grade junction and those types of intersection are not operated by
(they are at the same level). There are several types of traffic light. There are only 2 intersections are 4-way type. The
intersection that can be identified. Below are the types of location is in front of Majlis Daerah Hulu Selangor (MDHS)
intersection:- and another one located at near to Bus Terminal. These
intersections are operated by traffic light.
 3-way intersection - A junction between three road
segments (arms) is a T junction (two arms form one There are 3 major intersection in Kuala Kubu Baru
road) or a Y-junction. where it basically used by people to access to the town center.
 4-way intersections are the most common, because Traffic count has been carried out to determine traffic volume
they usually involve a crossing over of two streets or on these intersections. The data basically count the number of
roads. In areas where there are blocks and in some vehicles that through in to the intersection on respective time
other cases, the crossing streets or roads are especially during peak hour (weekday & weekend)
perpendicular to each other. However, two roads
There are several photographs that have been taken to show the
may cross at a different angle.
intersections image and also it location.
 5-way intersections are less common but still exist,
especially in urban areas with non-rectangular
blocks.

164

Data that have been collected was by counting using traffic counter
method at 3 different intersections in Kuala Kubu Bharu, the data
are also taken at same time.

The tables below show the data that has been taken.

Intersection 1
Intersection 2 Intersection 3

Intersection 1- This is the intersection between Jalan Syed Mansor
Intersection 2 - This is the intersection between Jalan Merdeka Intersection 3 - This is the intersection between Jalan Kubu and
and Jalan Pahang. The intersection is in front of Masjid jamek.
and Jalan Pahang. Jalan Pahang.

167


Intersection 1
Findings
Analysis

To KKB hospital
The type of this intersection is „T‟ junction. This
intersection also is not being operated by traffic light. Main Issue at
this intersection is about traffic flow at this intersection is giving
problems to people especially to the outsider. Basically, It is not
follow the Selangor guidelines. In that case, probability to occur
accidents is high.

Intersection 1 main point is people to get access to KKB hospital,
but actually, people also can access to the town center.

Figure beside is about the traffic volume analysis of
intersection 1. From the analysis, 202 of 737 vehicles are turn-left
from Dataran KKB road, and 92 of 428 vehicles is turn-right from
To Dataran KKB Bukit Fraser road. Which mean, the traffic volume this intersection
is actually moderate. On this intersection, more vehicles are goes
To Fraser hill straight.

Figure 3.7.3 shows the total in & out of vehicles to the
intersection 1 based on data collection in previous page. The data
taken according to specific time which is show in the table –
intersection 1

168

Intersection 2

Analysis To KKB town centerl

Findings

Types of intersection is „T‟ and intersection is follows the
Selangor Guidelines. This intersection also is not being operated by
traffic light. This intersection is major intersection in KKB because
the major use by people to access to the town center.

Beside is the figure of traffic volume analysis for
intersection 2. The level of traffic volume is high, which is over
500 vehicles used the intersection in one hour.

.

To Dataran KKB

To Fraser hill

Figure 3.7.4 shows the total in & out of vehicles to the
intersection 2 based on data collection in previous page. The data
taken according to specific time which is show in the table –
intersection 2

169

Intersection 3

Analysis To KKBtown centerl Findings

The Types of intersection is „T‟. This intersection also is
not operated by traffic light and second major for people to access
the Kuala Kubu Bharu town center especially from Fraser Hill
road.

From the analysis, the traffic volume on this intersection is
also moderate. As shown by analysis figure beside, there are total
of 292 vehicles using this intersection to going in to town center
per one hour. There also 309 vehicles going out from town center
in one hour. Basically, this intersection is used by people to exit
from town center because to avoid some traffic congestion in the
middle of town center especially during peak hour.

To Dataran KKB
To Fraser hill

Figure 3.7.5 show the total in & out of vehicles to the intersection
3 based on data collection in previous page. The data taken
according to specific time which is show in the table –
intersection 3

170

3.7.4 TRAFFIC VOLUME

INTRODUCTION DATA COLLECTION a) Weekend

T
raffic volume can be identified from the traffic counting
The methodology of traffic volume study; i) Jalan Pahang
during fieldwork. The purpose of traffic volume data is to
estimate future traffic volume in order to identify any PREPARE TIME TOTAL VEHICLES
• Communicate with other staff ( BOTH DIRECTION )
future expansion is needed. Traffic volume studies also are taken to department 7.30 – 7.45 82
determine the number of movements and classifications of vehicles • Review historical data trends 7.45 – 8.00 99
in a specific location. This information can help classify significant 8.00 – 8.15 112
8.15 – 8.30 132
flow time periods and determine the influence of large vehicles and SELECT LOCATION 8.30 – 8.45 109
small vehicle. The time period in which these traffic volumes are • Select proper location 8.45 – 9.00 113
• Plan the data collection preparations 9.00 – 9.15 128
calculated will vary depending on what data that is being collected 9.15 – 9.30 129
and what its purpose is.
COMPLETE STUDY 12.00 – 12.15 147
- type of vehicle • Collect data 12.15 – 12.30 153
• Evaluate data 12.30 – 12.45 153
- number of vehicle • calculate the traffic volume trends 12.45 – 1.00 164
- location(stations) also PCU 1.00 – 1.15 176
1.15 – 1.30 184
- time period (peak & off peak hours)
DOCUMENT 1.30 – 1.45 176
- traffic volume count 1.45 – 2.00 166
• Finalize the report
5.00 – 5.15 132
- passenger car unit • Analyze & Findings the data
5.15 – 5.30 151
5.30 – 5.45 157
5.45 – 6.00 145
6.00 – 6.15 126
On this data collection, it has been divided by two different 6.15 – 6.30 201
groups which are weekend and the weekday. For the both groups, 6.30 – 6.45 179
6.45 – 7.00 127
the data that have been collected located at three major roads in
TOTAL 3441
Kuala Kubu Bharu which is at Jalan Pahang, Jalan Merdeka and Table 3.7.5 shows traffic volume at Jalan Pahang during
Route 55 which is heading to Fraser Hill. For weekend, traffic weekend

volume counts are collected every 15 minutes for 6 hours period.
While for the weekday, the traffic volume counts are collected
every 15 minutes for 2 hours period only.

171

ii) Jalan Merdeka iii) Route 55 b) Weekday

TIME TOTAL VEHICLES TIME TOTAL VEHICLES i) Jalan Pahang
( BOTH DIRECTIONS ) ( BOTH DIRECTIONS
TIME TOTAL VEHICLES
7.30 – 7.45 106 7.30 – 7.45 28 ( BOTH DIRECTIONS )
7.45 – 8.00 122 7.45 – 8.00 30
8.00 – 8.15 127 8.00 – 8.15 33 7.45 – 8.00 275
8.15 – 8.30 125 8.00 – 8.15 222
8.15 – 8.30 37
8.30 – 8.45 139 8.15 – 8.30 175
8.30 – 8.45 38
8.45 – 9.00 153 8.30 – 8.45 185
8.45 – 9.00 36
9.00 – 9.15 129 8.45 – 9.00 196
9.00 – 9.15 42
9.15 – 9.30 144 9.00 – 9.15 199
9.15 – 9.30 36
9.15 – 9.30 188
12.00 – 12.15 150 9.30 – 9.45 196
12.00 – 12.15 39
12.15 – 12.30 128 TOTAL 1636
12.15 – 12.30 52 Table 3.7.8 shows traffic volume (Jalan Pahang) during weekday
12.30 – 12.45 145 12.30 – 12.45 59
12.45 – 1.00 143 12.45 – 1.00 43 ii) Jalan Merdeka
1.00 – 1.15 144 1.00 – 1.15 53
1.15 – 1.30 146 1.15 – 1.30 47 TIME TOTAL VEHICLES
1.30 – 1.45 141 1.30 – 1.45 47 ( BOTH DIRECTIONS )
1.45 – 2.00 150 1.45 – 2.00 61 7.45 – 8.00 184
5.00 – 5.15 150 8.00 – 8.15 199
5.00 – 5.15 42 8.15 – 8.30 192
5.15 – 5.30 150 5.15 – 5.30 41
5.30 – 5.45 155 8.30 – 8.45 177
5.30 – 5.45 59 8.45 – 9.00 200
5.45 – 6.00 106 5.45 – 6.00 50
6.00 – 6.15 150 9.00 – 9.15 183
6.00 – 6.15 61 9.15 – 9.30 182
6.15 – 6.30 179 6.15 – 6.30 49
6.30 – 6.45 170 9.30 – 9.45 192
6.30 – 6.45 42 TOTAL 1509
6.45 – 7.00 175 6.45 – 7.00 55
TOTAL 3427 Table 3.7.9 shows traffic volume (Jalan Merdeka) during weekday
TOTAL 1080
Table 3.7.6 shows traffic volume at Jalan Pahang during Table 3.7.7 shows traffic volume at Route 55 during weekend iii) Route 55
weekend
TIME TOTAL VEHICLES
( BOTH DIRECTIONS )
7.45 – 8.00 23
8.00 – 8.15 19
8.15 – 8.30 21
8.30 – 8.45 33
8.45 – 9.00 39
9.00 – 9.15 25
9.15 – 9.30 32
9.30 – 9.45 33
TOTAL 225
Table 3.7.10 shows traffic volume (Route 55)during weekday

172

1

2

3

2 3
1s
ac
sa
cd
ee
c1
1

Map 3.7.1; the traffic volume location taken

173

ANALYSIS

a) Weekend
i) Jalan Pahang

NAME OF DAY OF TOTAL TIME MAX COUNT MIN COUNT AVERAGE COUNT
ROAD THE WEEK COUNT TAKEN ( 15 MINUTE ) (15 MINUTE ) (15 MINUTE )

JALAN PAHANG Saturday 3441 6 HOURS 201 82 573.5

Table 3.7.11 shows analysis of traffic volume at Jalan Pahang during weekend

TRAFFIC VOLUME ( JALAN PAHANG ) - WEEKEND
250
Number Of Count

200
150
100
50
0
7.30 7.45 8.00 8.15 8.30 8.45 9.00 9.15 12.00 12.15 12.30 12.45 1.00 1.15 1.30 1.45 5.00 5.15 5.30 5.45 6.00 6.15 6.30 6.45
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – -
7.45 8.00 8.15 8.30 8.45 9.00 9.15 9.30 12.15 12.30 12.45 1.00 1.15 1.30 1.45 2.00 5.15 5.30 5.45 6.00 6.15 6.30 6.45 7.00
BUS 1 2 0 2 1 0 1 3 2 0 2 4 2 4 1 3 3 3 2 0 1 1 3 1
LORRY 3 1 1 3 3 3 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 4 1
MOTOR 14 13 18 26 19 24 33 29 30 38 47 39 42 47 38 27 22 19 25 24 23 21 33 21
CAR 64 53 93 101 86 86 93 96 114 113 102 119 128 130 134 134 105 127 129 119 101 177 139 104
TOTAL VEHICLES ( BOTH DIRECTION ) 82 99 112 132 109 113 128 129 147 153 153 164 176 184 176 166 132 151 157 145 126 201 179 127

Figure 3.7.6 shows chart analysis of the traffic volume at Jalan Pahang during weekend

Name of road Day of the week Total Count Time Max. count Min. count Average count
(PCU/hour) (PCU/hour) (PCU/hour) (PCU/hour)
Jalan Pahang Saturday 3430 6 hours 707.5 403.25 571.67

Table 3.7.12 shows analysis of Passenger Car Unit (PCU) at Jalan Pahang during weekend

174

ii) Jalan Merdeka
ROAD THE WEEK COUNT TAKEN (15 MINUTE ) (15 MINUTE ) (15 MINUTE )
JALAN MERDEKA Saturday 3427 6 HOURS 179 106 571.2
Table 3.7.13 shows analysis of traffic volume at Jalan Merdeka ( weekend )

TRAFFIC VOLUME ( JALAN MERDEKA ) - WEEKEND
200
180
NUMBER OF COUNT

160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
7.30 7.45 8.00 8.15 8.30 8.45 9.00 9.15 12.00 12.15 12.30 12.45 1.00 1.15 1.30 1.45 5.00 5.15 5.30 5.45 6.00 6.15 6.30 6.45
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
7.45 8.00 8.15 8.30 8.45 9.00 9.15 9.30 12.15 12.30 12.45 1.00 1.15 1.30 1.45 2.00 5.15 5.30 5.45 6.00 6.15 6.30 6.45 7.00
BUS 1 2 3 1 0 1 2 3 2 1 3 1 3 1 0 3 0 3 1 3 1 2 3 1
LORRY 3 1 3 6 5 4 4 4 6 3 8 5 6 6 6 9 2 0 2 3 2 1 0 4
MOTOR 20 28 24 25 33 41 36 46 46 31 40 35 36 52 41 41 46 41 41 52 47 62 51 52
CAR 82 91 97 93 101 107 87 91 96 93 94 102 99 87 94 97 102 106 111 102 100 114 116 118
TOTAL VEHICLES ( BOTH DIRECTION ) 106 122 127 125 139 153 129 144 150 128 145 143 144 146 141 150 150 150 155 160 150 179 170 175

Figure 3.7.7 shows chart analysis of the traffic volume at Jalan Merdeka ( weekend )

Jalan Merdeka Saturday 3520.75 6 hours 649.75 504.75 586.79

Table 3.7.14 show analysis of Passenger Car Unit ( PCU ) for Jalan Merdeka - Weekend

175

iii) Route 55

ROAD THE WEEK COUNT TAKEN (15 MINUTE ) (15 MINUTE ) (15 MINUTE )

ROUTE 55 Saturday 1080 6 HOURS 61 30 180

Table 3.7.15 shows analysis of traffic volume at Route 55 ( weekend )

TRAFFIC VOLUME ( ROUTE 55 ) - WEEKEND
80
70
NUMBER OF COUNT

60
50
40
30
20
10
0
7.30 7.45 8.00 8.15 8.30 8.45 9.00 9.15 12.00 12.15 12.30 12.45 1.00 1.15 1.30 1.45 5.00 5.15 5.30 5.45 6.00 6.15 6.30 6.45
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
7.45 8.00 8.15 8.30 8.45 9.00 9.15 9.30 12.15 12.30 12.45 1.00 1.15 1.30 1.45 2.00 5.15 5.30 5.45 6.00 6.15 6.30 6.45 7.00
BUS 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 1 1 0 2 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0
LORRY 2 0 2 0 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 0 2 1 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 9 0
MOTOR 6 6 16 21 18 22 22 20 8 10 10 10 14 9 10 17 11 8 17 11 14 9 11 17
CAR 20 23 23 25 28 27 28 26 29 39 45 31 58 36 34 43 30 30 40 39 46 40 28 38
TOTAL VEHICLES ( BOTH DIRECTIONS ) 28 30 33 37 38 36 42 36 39 52 59 43 73 47 47 61 42 41 59 50 61 49 42 55

Figure 3.7.8 shows chart analysis of the traffic volume at Route 55 (weekend)


Route 55 Saturday 1149.75 6 hours 229.5 148.75 191.63

Table 3.7.16 shows analysis of Passenger Car Unit ( PCU ) for Route 55 - Weekend

176

Figure 3.7.4.2.1.4; traffic volume map for weekend

177

b) Weekday
i) Jalan Pahang

NAME OF DAY OF TOTAL TIME MAX COUNT MIN COUNT
ROAD THE WEEK COUNT TAKEN ( 15 MINUTES ) ( 15 MINUTES )

JALAN PAHANG Monday 857 7.45 - 8.45 275 185

Table 3.7.17 shows analysis of traffic volume at Jalan Pahang (weekend)

TRAFFIC VOLUME ( JALAN PAHANG ) - WEEKDAY
300
NUMBER OF COUNT

250
200
150
100
50
0
7.45 – 8.00 8.00 – 8.15 8.15 – 8.30 8.30 – 8.45 8.45 – 9.00 9.00 – 9.15 9.15 – 9.30 9.30 – 9.45
BUS 5 3 2 3 4 4 3 3
LORRY 4 5 10 2 8 5 7 5
MOTOR 69 53 29 50 41 47 48 56
CAR 197 161 134 130 143 143 130 132
TOTAL VEHICLES ( BOTH DIRECTIONS ) 275 222 175 185 196 199 188 196

Figure 3.7.9 shows chart analysis of the traffic volume at Jalan Pahang (weekday)

Jalan Pahang Monday 1680.75 2 hours 874.75 806 840.38

Table 3.7.18 analysis of Passenger Car Unit ( PCU ) for Jalan Pahang - Weekend

178

ii) Jalan Merdeka


JALAN MERDEKA Monday 752 7.45 - 8.45 199 177

Table 3.7.1 shows analysis of traffic volume at Jalan Merdeka (weekend)

TRAFFIC VOLUME ( JALAN MERDEKA ) - WEEKDAY
250
NUMBER OF COUNT

200
150
100
50
0
7.45 – 8.00 8.00 – 8.15 8.15 – 8.30 8.30 – 8.45 8.45 – 9.00 9.00 – 9.15 9.15 – 9.30 9.30 – 9.45
BUS 1 5 1 2 3 1 4 4
LORRY 5 3 7 4 7 3 5 5
MOTOR 62 64 45 66 71 61 59 63
CAR 116 127 139 105 119 118 114 120

Figure 3.7.10 shows chart analysis of the traffic volume at Jalan Merdeka (weekday)

Jalan Merdeka Monday 1500.25 2 hours 751.5 748.75 750.13

Diagram 3.7.20 shows analysis of Passenger Car Unit ( PCU ) for Jalan Merdeka - Weekend

179

iii) Route 55


ROUTE 55 Monday 96 7.45 - 8.45 33 19

Table 3.7.21 shows analysis of traffic volume at Route 55 (weekend)

TRAFFIC VOLUME ( ROUTE 55 ) - WEEKDAY
45
40
NUMBER OF COUNT

35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
7.45 – 8.00 8.00 – 8.15 8.15 – 8.30 8.30 – 8.45 8.45 – 9.00 9.00 – 9.15 9.15 – 9.30 9.30 – 9.45
BUS 0 0 3 0 1 1 1 2
LORRY 3 1 0 0 3 0 2 1
MOTOR 12 12 10 12 12 9 11 14
CAR 8 6 8 21 23 15 18 16

Figure 3.7.11shows chart analysis of the traffic volume at Route 55 (weekday)

Route 55 Monday 238 2 hours 139.5 98.5 119

Table 3.7.22 shows analysis of Passenger Car Unit ( PCU ) for Route 55 - Weekend

180

Figure 3.7.4.2.2.4; traffic volume map for weekdays

181

FINDINGS

Traffic condition at Kuala Kubu Bharu mostly in smooth
traffic flowed without having bad congestion. Even though during
the peak hour, traffic at Kuala Kubu Bharu has never congestion at
all. This can be referred to analysis of the traffic volume during
weekend also weekday count (3.7.4.2). Furthermore, most of the
road users at the Kuala Kubu Bharu are the local people of Kuala
Kubu Bharu itself and also the people are heading to Fraser Hill.

182

3.7.5 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

DATA COLLECTION ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION

In Kuala Kubu Bharu, traffic management systems are Generally the roads within the town centre are two way

T
raffic management is the planning, monitoring and
being applied only in commercial area. This is due to traffic road directions. There are only two roads of one way direction
control of traffic. The aim of traffic management is to
congestion that constantly occurs in that particular township area. which are at Jalan Mat Kilau and Jalan Dato Muda Jaafar. The
maximize the effectiveness of the use of existing
Therefore, local authorities introduce some traffic rules such as right and left turning restriction is at Jalan Kamaruddin. Road users
infrastructure and to utilize the existing road network to increase
one-way street system and turnings prohibition. can easily access to the one way roads by using the connected
the efficiency of traffic movement by applying traffic rules such as
alterative road at the other side and at middle of the shop buildings
one-way system, right turn prohibition, and traffic control device to From observation, one-way street system gives best traffic
as the layout of the commercial building applies the Grid Iron
make a good use of road system in order to benefit all of the road flow at the commercial area which offers the road users to pass
layout.
user. through all of the commercial activities.
The following map shows the traffic management measures
Traffic Management Measures consist of: Moreover, there are also interlock pavement in commercial
within the town centre. It indicates the one-way direction roads and
area which creates traffic calm when road users enter this area.
 restriction of turning movements the two way direction roads. It exposes the intersection which have
Therefore, it will cause road users to reduce speed of their vehicles.
 one-way streets right and left turning. From the map, we can see the alternative
Figure below shows interlock pavement that been applied in
 priority for high-occupancy vehicles roads to access the commercial area which only allow one way
commercial area.
traffic flow. The reason it is applied is to increase the capacity of
Restriction of turning movements is to control a vehicle in a
road in that direction, to avoid accident (head-on-collusion), to
traffic movement from turning to different direction in order to
increase the vehicles speed and as well as provide more parking
avoid traffic congestion and accidents. The restriction of turning
facilities.
movements consists of right-turn prohibition, left-turn prohibition
and U-turn prohibition.

One-way streets are traffic movement which permitted in only
one direction along the road. The function of one way streets is to
increase the road capacity, reduce conflict point, to improve
pedestrian movement and to provide more parking facilities.

Priority for high-occupancy vehicles is increasing person-
movement efficiency to reduce delays to vehicles such as buses in Figure 3.7.12 shows pavement that have been used at commercial
order to increasing reliability. Example of priority for high- area

occupancy vehicles is bus-only street.

183

JA
LA Figure shows one way street
Figure shows right-turn N at Jalan Mat Kilau
prohibited signage R
JALAN DATO BALAI
A
JALAN DATO MUDA JAAFAR S
A
T
H
U
R
JALAN MAT KILAU AI

JA
LA
N
JALAN DATO TABAL
A
B
D
U
L
H
A
M
IPD
ID Figure shows left-turn prohibited
Figure shows two way street signage
at Jalan Abdul Hamid

184

FINDINGS

There are no issues and problems regarding traffic
management at Kuala Kubu Bharu, particularly at town centre or
commercial area. Road users can easily access to commercial area
without facing any traffic congestion. This is because one way
street system is being applied at this area.

One way street gives advantages for both road users and shop
owners in term of commercial activities. This is due to most of the
road users will pass through all the shops if they enter that area By
chance, it may contribute to commercial growth at this particular
area.

Moreover, interlock pavement also gives advantages to this
area by forming traffic calm other than gives good view to
commercial area. Road users also will automatically slow down
their vehicle when pass these roads.

185

3.7.6 PARKING STUDIES

INTRODUCTION DATA COLLECTION

P
arking space generally designated for people topark their Study has been done about the parking in Kuala Kubu Baru
vehicles. This can be parking garage or parking lots. The especially in town center area. From the observation and data
types of parking available are perpendicular, angled collection from the inventory, we found out that all of the parking
parking, and parallel parking. space provided are in Kuala Kubu Baru commercial area all are on-
. street parking. The types of parking are perpendicular (90°),
This can be in a parking garage or in a parking lot or on a city Angled (30°, 45° & 60°) parking and parallel parking. All parking
street. There are 2 types of parking which are on street parking also are not being operated by using road parking meter ( free of
and off street parking. On street parking is parking which located charge parking ).
at the side of the road or along the road whether it is The total of the parking spaces that had been provided are
perpendicular, parallel or angled parking. estimated to be 440 spaces. The Angled parking dominates most of
the area with the total of 234 spaces (includes 3 spaces disable
Off street parking is parking which is located at the outside of road parking) (53.18%), the perpendicular parking with the total of 121
which means it is specific land or building for parking purposes. spaces (27.5%) and parallel parking with the total of 85 spaces
There several types of off street parking such as basement parking, (19.3%) only. The percentage is not included parking space for
rooftop parking and multi-storey parking. motorcycle which is estimated 95 spaces for whole KKB
commercial area. The table below shows the type, numbers and
images of parking in Kuala Kuu Baru.

186

Table 3.7.23 shows type of parking in the study area

187

The parking area at the along the streets mostly at the

FINDINGS commercial area, and along rows of shophouses is fully occupied
during the weekdays that is during peak hours mostly.Based on the
From the observation and data collection from the inventory, even though there are double parking in the study area,
inventory, we found out that all of the parking space provided are but the traffic congestion created is only minor. Describing about
in Kuala Kubu Baru commercial area all are on-street parking. The traffic studies on the whole Kuala Kubu Baru commercial area, the
types of parking are perpendicular (90°), Angled (30°, 45° & 60°) traffic movement is very much manageable and controllable.
parking and parallel parking. All parking also are not being
operated by using road parking meter ( free of charge parking ).
Figure 3.7.12 shows illegal parking near to Pasar Awam
The total of the parking spaces that had been provided are
Kuala Kubu Bharu
estimated to be 440 spaces. The Angled parking dominates most of
the area with the total of 234 spaces (includes 3 spaces disable
parking) (53.18%), the perpendicular parking with the total of 121
spaces (27.5%) and parallel parking with the total of 85 spaces
(19.3%) only. The percentage is not included parking space for
motorcycle which is estimated 95 spaces for whole KKB
commercial area.

From the observation, the demand of parking during peak
hour is high especially at Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar (7 a.m – 8 a.m).
. This is because there are well-known for its commercial activities Figure 3.7.13 shows illegal parking at Kuala Kubu Bharu
at in front of Kuala Kubu Baru Market building. There are several town centre
photographs that people commit illegal parking in front of KKB
market building because of existing parking spaces are cannot
accommodate more vehicles during peak hour.

Figure 3.7.14 shows illegal parking at Kuala Kubu Bharu
town centre

189

3.7.7 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION

INTRODUCTION
For taxi service in Malaysia, the services are limited. The types of For local bus, Metro Bus no.36 is the only bus operating within
taxi service are: Kuala Kubu Bharu area which starts its journey at Rawang and

P
ublic transportation services are vital for civic life. Public
terminates at Tanjung Malim. Along the way from Rawang to
transport cover all transport of general public which  Town taxi
Tanjung Malim, passenger can alight at Kuala Kubu Bharu when
usually charging fares to public. Public transport usually  Interstate taxi
the Metro bus no. 36 passes by the Kuala Kubu Bharu bus station.
regulated as a common carrier organized to provide scheduled  Limousine
service on fixed routes. It can offer important advantages in an area For express bus, Maraliner bus will starts from Kuala Lumpur and
with higher population densities if it is efficiently operated. terminate at Tanjung Malim. Passengers need to use train service to
DATA COLLECTION
arrive at Kuala Kubu Bharu.
The public transportation system especially in Malaysia comprises
of bus, railway and taxi services. Kuala Kubu Bharu is an accessible town, where it has two types of Figure below shows the two type of bus that operating in Kuala
public transportation that serves the community at the town centre Kubu Bharu.
For bus, they are certain type of bus service in Malaysia such as:
and the surrounding area. The public transportation existed in
 Local bus Kuala Kubu Bharu are, bus and train services.
 Intercity bus
The bus service, which is operated by Metro Bus Nationwide Sdn.
 Express bus
Bhd. and Maraliner Sdn. Bhd. are the two bus operators for Kuala
Railway transportation also facilitates many type of service in Kubu Bharu. The bus terminal which is located at Jalan Rasathurai
Malaysia from north to south and also at Klang Valley. Rail provides the transportation facility for the whole community as it
transport in Kuala Lumpur encompasses: serves for local and intercity transportation at the same time. There
are two types of bus services provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu which
 light rail
are:
 rapid transit
 monorail i. Local bus Figure 3.7.15 shows bus express services in the study area

 commuter rail ii. Express bus

Kuala Lumpur is served by four separate rail systems which meet
in the city and extended out of the Klang Valley such as:

 RapidKL Light Rail Transit
 KL Monorail
 KTM Komuter
 KTM Intercity

190

Train is another dominant public transportation provided in
Kuala Kubu Bharu. The service is under management of Keretapi
Tanah Melayu Berhad (KTMB) creates the accessibility either for
the residents of Kuala Kubu Bharu to travel out or for the outsider
to reach Kuala Kubu Bharu. This service added varieties of public
transportation to the users.

The service is under management of Keretapi Tanah
Melayu Berhad (KTMB) is located at Kampung Paya, Kuala Kubu
Bharu. Two different routes or lines are provided to enter Kuala
Kubu Bharu which is Rawang-Seremban line and KTM North-
South Expressway.

Passengers that using Rawang-Seremban line needs to
make an interchange to Rawang-Tanjung Malim shuttle route
service to enter Kuala Kubu Bharu. This is different from KTM
North-South Expressway where the passengers can directly alight
at Kuala Kubu Bharu Station.

Figure 3.7.16 shows the Kuala Kubu Bharu Railways Station.

Figure 3.7.16 shows Kuala Kubu Bharu KTMB railway station

191

3.7.4.2 ANALYSIS

192

Bus Services Train Service

Operation of buses at Kuala Kubu Bharu Operation KTMB Trains at Kuala Kubu Bharu

Type/Name of Route Frequency Number of Interval Operation Type/ Name of Route Frequency Operation Time
bus Bus Time Time Train
Local bus/
Metro Bus No.36 Rawang- 10 Trip 3 1-1 ¼ hour 6.30am –7 pm Shuttle Train/ Rawang – 18 Trips 05:59 am –
Tanjung Malim KTM Tanjung Malim 10:34pm
Express bus/ Commuter
Maraliner Puduraya- 8 Trip 2 1-1½ hour 8.00am –
Tanjung Malim 6.00pm
Table 3.7.24 shows operation of bus services in Kuala Kubu Bharu Source: Maraliner SDN.BHD.

Express Train/ North – South 6 Trips 05.29 am –
Type/Name of bus Route Location of Bus Stop KTM Intercity line 10:33pm
Local bus/ i. Batang Kali
Metro Bus No.36 Rawang- Tanjung Malim
ii. Rasa
iii. Kuala Kubu Bharu
Table 3.7.26 shows operation of train service at Kuala Kubu Bharu
iv. Tanjung Malim
Express bus/ i. Puduraya Table 3.7.26 shows that, the operation of train services at Kuala Kubu Bharu is at an adequate rate where
Maraliner Puduraya-Tanjung Malim it has 18 trips for Rawang – Tanjung Malim route which is the main station and also 6 trips for North –
ii. Kuala Kubu Bharu
South line to cater the need of community in Kuala Kubu Bharu and surrounding area.
iii. Tanjung Malim

Table 3.7.25 shows location of bus stops in Kuala Kubu Bharu Source: Maraliner SDN.BHD.

Table 3.7.24 shows the number of route, frequency, quantity of bus, interval time and operation
time of the local and express buses. While the Table 3.7.25 stated the places where the respective route
of buses stop before enter Kuala Kubu Bharu. This service caters for the most part of the places and
surrounding area of Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Approximately, there are thousands of passengers using the service every day for different
purposes and this amount of number will significantly increase during the school holiday and festive
season. While for the express bus, Kuala Kubu Bharu acts as an interchange point for the buses from
Puduraya, Kuala Lumpur to go to Tanjung Malim which is served by the operator.

193

FINDINGS

Issues and Problem

The frequency of the bus is not sufficient especially during weekdays where most of people of Kuala
Kubu Bharu frequently go to the town centre. Also, the interval time is not reasonable as most of the
passengers are among the school student and workers which they need more frequent trips.

The major problem for the train services is the location of the station which far from town centre.
This problem become more complicated when there is no bus services towards KTM station and there is
no taxi service in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Most of the people of Kuala Kubu Bharu and outsiders need to use
private cars which the local people call as “prebet” to go to KTM station.

Other than that, the location of bus station which located in commercial area is not suitable. This is
because the location is at town centre which are focal point for community and it‟s become more
complicated at morning because there are commercial activities such as market besides the bus station.
The bus station should be relocated to avoid traffic congestion and illegal parking around that area.
Therefore, it will increase the usage of public transportation.

Lastly, residences at north part of Kuala Kubu Bharu also facing problem in term of using public
transport since the bus service was not provide services at north part of Kuala Kubu Bharu such as
Taman Seruling, Taman Pesara and Taman Juta.

194

3.7.8 PEDESTRIAN DATA COLLECTION

INTRODUCTION Primary Data
Secondary Data

Based on our observation at the Kuala Kubu bharu, there The secondary data for the pedestrian is sought out from the

P
edestrian is a walkway to community reduce dependence are some places that pedestrian pathway take places. Most of the Hulu Selangor District Council (MDHS). Most of the data
on vehicular transportation. Purpose of pedestrian is to pedestrian pathway located at the town center of Kuala Kubu bharu collected are from the MDHS itself who in charge for maintaining
contribute more intense level of recreational activity itself. Then it spread out at nearby parks with surrounding it at and make the pedestrian walkway.
towards the community to make more healthy living style. With a Jalan Merdeka also along the road heading to the town center at
proper pedestrian pathway, community will be eager to use the Jalan Kubu and some pedestrian pathway at the government offices
pedestrian way as the alternative choices rather than to use the located at Jalan Bukit Kerajaan. These pedestrian pathways are
vehicular transportation to walk along the walking radius. along the main road at the Kuala Kubu Bharu, and most of it

In the pedestrian element, some data collection can be carried out heading towards to the center of the town itself.

which is;

 connection nodes

 circulation system

 pedestrian usage

Figure 3.7.17 shows the circulation pedestrian map at Kuala
Kubu Bahru

195

Map 3.7.8.1; image of the pedestrian circulation at Kuala Kubu Bharu Town Centre

196

ANALYSIS

Pedestrian walkway at Kuala Kubu Bharu has been given Percentage Of Pedestrian usage
name „Jalan Bandar Selamat‟ by the local authority of Kuala 50%
Kubu bahru which is Hulu Selangor District Council. This is to 40% 45%
encourage people at Kuala Kubu Bharu to use the pedestrian 30% 33%
facility that has been provided which is safe to use even though
20% Percentage
while taking a walk. This is because the pedestrian walkway at
10% 13%
Kuala Kubu Bharu has been guarded by steel railing between the 9%
0%
road and the pedestrian walkway itself. (As shown on figure Age 12 - 20 Age 21 - 35 Age 36 - 50 Age 51 -
Older
3.7.18)

Figure 3.7.19 shows the percentage of pedestrian usage by age
Based on the chart above, most of the pedestrian usage used
by the age 12 – 20. This is because most of them are student who
used the pedestrian walkway to take walk to go to school. For the
age 21 and older, they used to use the pedestrian walkway to walk
around the town for the work purpose. Beside, some of them used Figure 3.7.20 shows the modified walkway at Kuala Kubu
the pedestrian walkway to have walk during the morning and Bharu town centre
evening just to have an exercise. Also, the connectedness of the pedestrian walkway is not in
proper way. For example, the pedestrian walkway in Jalan Dato
For the pedestrian walkway geometry, most of the width of
Balai is not connected with Jalan Raja Muda Jaafar and also with
pedestrian walkway is 1.5 meters. This width of the walkway can
Jalan Mat Kilau. Then, the pedestrian at in front of MDHS office is
accommodate 2 people at the same time while having the same
also not connected with the other pedestrian walkway. This make
direction. So, it is wide enough for the pedestrian walkway around
the user of pedestrian walkway become unsatisfied also confuse
Figure 3.7.18 shows the steel railing guard for pedestrian Kuala Kubu Bharu.
walkway with the walkway itself.
FINDINGS
On top of it, based on our correspondent through the people
at Kuala Kubu Bahru, they are happy with the development of The main issue of the pedestrian walkway at Kuala Kubu
pedestrian with the railing guard it because that‟s a way to make Bharu is about the walkway itself. Many of the pedestrian walkway
the people who used the pedestrian walkway feel safe n always at town center has been modified to accommodate the parking
have safety on their own. space. The walkway itself becomes unlikely to seen and make poor
image of that town (Figure 3.7.8.3.1).

197

S.W.O.T ANALYSIS

Below is the table of S.W.O.T Analysis of Traffic and Transportation

STRENGTH WEAKNESS OPPORTUNITIES THREAT
 Kuala Kubu Baru  Double lane  People didn‟t need go far  It is hard to
Commercial area parking along the away from their destination encourage
had enough road of just only looking for parking. people to use
parking spaces for commercial area pedestrian.
accommodate cars. gave disturbance  the traffic congestion created
to traffic flow. is only minor
 Traffic volume  slow
level in Kuala  Several economic
Kubu Baru is low. intersections got growth
weird shape and it
traffic flow
confuse some
people especially
outsiders.

198

3.8 URBAN DESIGN AND CONSERVATION

INTRODUCTION 4) To recognize and analyse the historical building or historical area in a way to ensure a special
protection and control for zoning of conservation purposes.
The study of urban design and landscape play a vital role in order to produce a beautiful and
attractive image of the city because these sectors covered certain aspects such as aesthetical value, SCOPE OF STUDY
physical structure and visual quality that can reflect people opinions towards the city.
For urban design, there are a few elements that had been taken into consideration, which include the
For Kuala Kubu Bharu, the urban design element in the given site is not in a favourable aspect of townscape element, visual quality, and urban form.
condition. The environment in the town itself is not vibrant enough, especially starting from the evening
1. Townscape element
until night. However, due to the not vibrant of the town, it creates a calm and peaceful surrounding to
The element of townscape that had been included in the study are path, nodes, landmarks, edges,
the community. In addition, the existing concept of the township, which is the garden city concept,
and district. These elements are important in order to identify the action to be done to enhance
makes it to have a nice view of greeneries within the town.
the basic element of town in the study area.
For the visual quality of the township, most building façade in the town are in a moderate
condition. A part of it still remaining the original architectural design of the shop lots during the British 2. Visual quality
era, where the rest had renovate it. This cause different form of skyline in the commercial area and gives For this element, there are few subtopics had been included under it. These are skyline and
an uneven visual impact to the outsiders. building façade, view and scenery, gateway, and vibrancy. These are important in order to
identify the location that need to be enhance in order to provide a stimulating view of township
In order to refurnish this township, the urban design sector should play a vital role in enhancing
to the community and visitors.
the urban design element in this township.

The main thing is to conserve the history of Kuala Kubu Bharu by maintaining the design 3. Urban form
concept of the city which is “Garden City”, the design concept of the commercial area which “Grid This element is vital in order to identify the origin and the historical aspect of the site. It also
Iron” concept has been applied and also the design of the building. Thus, the history of Kuala Kubu important to identify the cultural, physical, and natural effects that leads to the urban form of the
Bharu will still alive and known by other people especially the foreign people. site.

OBJECTIVE
4. Conservation
1) To identify the basic elements of townscape in order to get a rough view of the site. The observation on the condition of the area such as field or any particular part of the town after
obtaining the secondary data information regarding to the historical timeline of Kuala Kubu
2) To study on the urban form of Kuala Kubu Bharu in order to know the morphology of it and
Bharu.
how the site was formed.

3) To recognise the visual appearance of the site in order to upgrade it into a higher level.

199

 The Early Stage of Kuala Kubu, 1800‟s

The name of Kuala Kubu origin from the shop lots that built at the town center of the old town of Kuala
Kubu where it functions as fortress. The early stages of Kuala Kubu started with the tin mining
activities where many people especially Chinese migrate because of the natural resources. During 1833,
it was the golden age of Kuala Kubu because there are many activities in that town, and Kuala Kubu
itself provides many facilities such as government office, shops, entertainment which is the cinema,
schools and also the sports activities for the community.

Generally, Kuala Kubu situated along Sungai Selangor River. Sungai Selangor is actually the most
important river in Selangor where people use to travel from one place to another. River functions as the
main road for people to travel from Sungai Selangor to Sungai Kuala Selangor where during that time
Kuala Selangor is the administrative center for the state of Selangor.

Kuala Kubu rich in natural resources such as tins where it is the most valuables natural resources so
there are many Chinese from Kuala Lumpur, migrates to Kuala Kubu and also few other places such as
Rasa, Kalumpang, and Rawang for the tin mining purposes.

On 1868, there are civil wars that happen between Tengku Kudin and Raja Mahdi which is the main
Figure 1.1 Area of the old town of Kuala Kubu and the new town of Kuala Kubu Bharu, where it is
cause is the exploitation of the natural resources. Other factors that lead to civil war are because of the about 6 km distance.
domination of the area, where Raja Mahdi claimed that Tengku Kudin should not get any power in
dominating the Kuala Kubu Bharu because he is the descendant of Sultan Kedah but he married with
the granddaughter of Sultan Selangor. Due to the continuation of the civil war between Tengku Kudin
and Raja Mahadi, British get involve and take the opportunity to start exploitation of the natural
resources.

Kuala Kubu which does now no longer exist was well known to European travellers who across the
Kuala Kubu town before they climb the Bukit Kudu or it also known as Teacher‟s Hill. It can be proved
that the hill was occupied by the British and European traveller because of the existence of few
buildings at the top of the hill. The building design was influenced by the British colonial, as in figure
1.2 below shows the remaining building for the British officers to place their bicycles.

Then, in 1883, Kuala Kubu had been destroyed by the massive flood due to the broken dam in Sungai
Selangor. The dam of Kuala Kubu broke because Cecil Ranking blew up the dam with a bomb or
dynamite. Local people believed, there is a white crocodile that exist in the dam where Cecil Ranking Figure 1.2: Building that exists on the top of the hill of Bukit Kutu around 1988

tries to kill it but accidentally he broke the dam. Many people died due to the massive flood that
destroyed the whole Kuala Kubu town.

200

Before 1926  Starting point of the Garden City Township, Kuala Kubu Bharu, 1926-1940

Then on 1920, The British government in Malaya requested the government Town Planner, Charles
Compton Reade from the South Australian Government come to Malaya and this is the starting point
where the first garden city in Malaya had been planned.

Figure 1.4: The Garden City draft layout plan for the new township by Charles Compton Reade, 1924

Acquisition of land for the new township of Kuala Kubu Bharu started on October 1926 where the
Figure 1.3: The new site for Kuala Kubu Bharu Township before 1926. earliest building that had been built in Kuala Kubu Bharu is the shop houses which situated at the
highest level of topography. The figure 1.4 above shows the garden city concept that was planned by
Before 1926, there is no existing development on the new site of Kuala Kubu Bharu. As shown in figure
Charles Compton Reade on year 1924 and being implemented on Kuala Kubu Bharu on 1927. It was the
1.3 above, there are only roads that exist on site which is the federal route 55 .Basically during that
first garden city concept that was planned in Malaya and it being the starting point of town and country
time; the road to Fraser hill is also the main road to Pahang. The existing road connects Tanjung Malim,
planning department in Malaysia. Thus, Kuala Kubu Bharu actually gives a big impact in the national
Batang Kali, and also Pahang to Kuala Lumpur.
level of planning department in Malaysia.

201

Figure 1.5: Commercial area is the earliest buildings that was built by British Figure 1.6: shows the governmental building that was built after the commercial area.

The early stage of layout preparation of Kuala Kubu Bharu emphasized on the commercial area which Generally, during that time British still wanted to develop the new Kuala Kubu because of their own

are located at the town centre. This is because the British council wanted to attract people to move from benefits to exploit the natural resources in Kuala Kubu which is tin mining activities. Then on October

the old town of Kuala Kubu to Kuala Kubu Bharu which is situated at higher place or higher topography 1927, the sanitary Board office of Ulu Selangor start to build the governmental office and the type of

to avoid massive flood as before. Other than that, British Council also try to attract people from the old design for the government building must be the same with the previous shop lots‟ design. It is the desire

town by giving award of the shop lots to certain residents which selected based on the exchange of of the Sanitary Board to set as high standard as possible in Kuala Kubu Bharu. The government building

materials and exchange of land title or bungalow lot from the old town of Kuala Kubu. The design of also located at the highest point of the town which is at the same topography level of the shop houses.

the shop houses was influenced by British Colonial design which can be found that it is quite similar to
other colonized state in Malaya such as Malacca town.

Figure 1.8: the government office on 1930.
Figure 1.7: the shop houses during era 1930’s and the current view.

202

Next, also in 1932 is the erection of the railway station, based on the document of Provision of the
Railway Station to serve Kuala Kubu Bharu from National Archive of Malaysia stated that, the old
railway station is nearer to the town. It has been proposed by the District Engineer of Kuala Kubu
Bharu. This is due to many reasons, since Kuala Kubu Bharu is a new township therefore many building
is undergo the construction so, the district officer of Kuala Kubu Bharu wanted to prevent double
handling of transferring the material of the building for construction where it could be brought by rail
instead of by lorry as it present.

Then after all the building in the garden city layout plan had been constructed, on 1938 the memorial
clock tower had been erected at Kuala Kubu Bharu near to the government office. The site location and
the design of the clock tower were considered by the Ulu Selangor Coronation Celebration Committee.
The clock tower was built due to the funds of celebration exceeded the estimated cost. Figure 1.12
shows the current view of the clock tower at Kuala Kubu Bharu. The clock tower had been built at
higher place to avoid any damage from children that playing around.

Figure 1.9: The completion of development of the garden city concept on 1938

Around 1930, there are also several buildings that included in the draft plan of the garden city township.
There are; quarters, school, and the rest house. As shown in the layout plan, the clerk quarters was built
along the park belt because they want to separate between the commercial and residential. While the
school also had been plan near to the residential area, so to ease the residents at that area. Based on the
layout plan, the commercial area and the governmental offices are separated with the residential area by Figure 1.10: shows the British quarters that built to serve the government clerks and officers.
the park belt or green area. This is due to the function of the land use it self where the commercial area
and government building have more activities rather than the residential or the quarters area and it might
cause disturbance due to the privacy of the residential area.

Figure 1.11: the current view of Hospital Kuala Kubu Bharu.

203

 Japanese Occupation,1943

During the Japanese occupation, Kuala Kubu Bharu also was affected and defeated by Japanese army
where few buildings in the town were used as administrative center for them. One of the building that
been used by them is the British building which is now function as school names Sekolah Kebangsaan
Kuala Kubu Bharu. Generally, when the Japanese army defeated Tanah Melayu, they did not build
anything on the land, and many people were killed by them during that time. For urban growth of Kuala
Kubu Bharu, in the era of the Japanese occupation, there are no much changes, as mentioned before, the
Japanese army did not built anything, they only re-using all the building that exist in the town in order
to control and conquer the land.

Figure 1.12: the current view of the memorial
Figure1.13: The current view of Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu that had been used by the
clock tower that located at Bukit kerajaan.
Figure 1.12: the memorial Clock tower that been built near to the Japanese army in 1943.
district office at Bukit Kerajaan.

204

 Post-independence and Modernisation of Kuala Kubu Bharu

Figure1.15: One of the earliest building of Royal Malaysian Police College, Kuala Kubu Bharu before
independence on 1953.

Figure 1.14: the development that rises before independence, Royal Malaysia Police College.

Before Malaysia achieves the independence, Kuala Kubu Bharu also had been defeated by the
communist and there are few areas near to the town that had been marked as the black area of the
communist. Therefore, on 1952 British decided to build a place to train their British officers in Kuala
Kubu Bharu to threaten those communist that active in spreading their ideology and killed a lot of
Figure 1.16: Bungalow that provided for the British higher officer.
people at that time which is The Royal Malaysia Police College.There are also Kampng Asam
Kumbang which started around 1950‟s and most of the residents at that area are chinese. As can be seen
in figure below, the current view of the Royal Malaysia Police College building that situated at the West
from the town center. It can be analysed that when there is a building that built at certain area, the area
surround it also will grow or develop slowly, for example, when the police college was developed, the
quarters also will be developed to accommodate all the staff and officers.

205

 Post-independence and Modernisation of Kuala Kubu Bharu Few pictures below shows the new buildings and development that rise within the town of Kuala Kubu
Bharu after the independence on 1957 and also the modernisation of development in Kuala Kubu Bharu
town and its surrounding area.

Figure 1.18: Dataran Kuala Kubu Bharu that is located at the main entrance from Federal Route 1.

Figure 1.17: Development after independence and its modernisation.

After Malaya achieved the independence on 1957, Kuala Kubu Bharu is growing larger around the town
center. Based on the data obtained from the National Archive of Malaysia, after the independence, there Figure 1.19: The current bus station for local people in Kuala Kubu Bharu.
are many developments rise around the town center such as the residential area, Taman Seruling, Taman
Pesara, Taman and many others. There are also institutions that been built in Kuala Kubu Bharu such
as the boarding school Mara Junior Science College, Darul Quran, Akademi Bomba, Kem Tentera, Kem
Belia, and also the Program latihan Khidmat Negara camp. In the simplest form, it can be analysed that
most of the governmental buildings and institution has been built here in KKB, so, in order to
accommodate all the governmental staffs, they have to provide adequate quarters for them. So in
conclusion, in this era until now, Kuala Kubu Bharu has been a place to educate people because there
are many institutions exist, where it started with the college of Royal Malaysian Police which is before
Malaya achieves its independence. As been shown in figures below, these are the new development that
rises around the town center after the independence of Malaya and the modernisation of Kuala Kubu
Bharu. Figure 1.20: Educational office of Hulu Langat district.

206

SUMMARY AND THE TIMELINE OF KUALA KUBU BHARU

1801- The earliest town service in federation of Malay states. The committee of assessors in Penang was
established as the first town planning agencies.
1833- The golden age of Kuala Kubu – many activities and the town provides so many facilities for example
people come to Kuala Kubu for the government matter, shopping,
entertainment (Cinema), school, and also for the sports activities (
community activities).

1868- Civil war between Tengku kudin and Raja Mahadi because of the exploitation of natural resources which
is tin mining.

1873- Due to the continuation of the civil war, British starts to exploit the natural resources in Kuala Kubu.
Figure 1.21: The new high rise building of quarters that provided for the police officers.
1883- Kuala Kubu Town was destroyed by massive flood in Sungai Selangor.

Starting Point

1920- The British government in Malaya requested the government Town Planner , Charles Compton Reade
from the South Australian Government come to Malaya.

1926 -Another flood occur on this year until Kuala Kubu Town was submerged by sand and mud about 30 meter
above the ground level.
-A layout Plan of the first new township in Kuala Kubu Bharu (to replace the flood-prone area of Ampang
Pecah) was prepared.

World War 2

1941- The department was force to cease operations because of World War 2 and it was re-open under Japanese
Figure 1.22: Wet market provided to serve people in Kuala Kubu Bharu.
administration.

1943- The Department was re-established as part of the Public Works Department until T.H.H Hancock, an
architect and town planner, joined the Department in September 1946.

Pre independence

Few areas near to the town of KKB had been marked as the black area of the communist. So, the Royal Malaysia
Police College had been built to threaten the communist and one of the Chinese settlement started which is Kg.
Asam Kumbang.

Post-independence and modernisation of KKB

After independence, many buildings rise around the town centre and most of them are the quarters to
accommodate the governmental staff due to many institutions been built in Kuala Kubu Bharu. In
conclusion, based on the growth of the town, it can be analyse that Kuala Kubu Bharu is growing in a
Figure 1.23: Another government office, Jabatan Kerja Raya that been developed at Bukit Kerajaan
radial form.
near to the district office

207

URBAN DESIGN

Data collection i) Path
Based on figure above, it shows that the major path
3.8.1 TOWNSCAPE ELEMENT
For the data collection on the five townscape elements that had been mentioned by Kevin Lynch, most of it had been obtained through which is bold in map functions as the arterial road to

primary data, in which using the method observation and identification on those element in the given site. Figure 2.1 below shows the the town, while the minor path shows by the thinner

mind map of existing townscape element that can be found on site. lines which connect people from different places to
another. However, there are still other types of path
in this area, which include cycle lane and pedestrian
walkway. But they do not function as much as the
major path, which is the vehicle lane. Table 0.1.1
below shows the overall information related to the
different types of path that present in the site. Plan
2.1 shows the exact path which had been use as the
major and minor path in the KKB town, while Plan
2.2 shows the area coverage by each types of path in
this township.

Element Types Hierarchy Existing Coverage
condition
Path Vehicle lane -arterial Good Whole site, for
road: Jalan access to different
Pahang land use
-collector Good
road
-local road Moderate
Cycle lane - Good -Jalan Padang Golf,
-Jalan Syed Mashor,
-Jalan Hospital
Pedestrian - Moderate -Jalan Syed Mashor
walkway (from SKKKB2 until
military camp)
-commercial area
(Jalan Rasathurai,
Jalan Dato’ Balai,
Jalan Dato’ Muda
Jaafar, Jalan Mat
Kilau
-Jalan Merdeka
Figure 2.1: Mind mapping of townscape element. -Jalan Pahang (from
Masjid Ar-Rahimah
Through this mind mapping, it can be seen that some of the five element of townscape had been draw in the mind map. However, these
Table 2.1: Overall information related to the different types of path in
element need to be further observed in order to know the existing condition and situation that take place on the entire five townscape element
that present on the site. KKB town

208

KKB town, while the Plan 2.3 shows the location of District Land Landscape Urban
no. use/activity furniture
the nodes and landmarks on the site.
1 Residential No specific types of -Signage
landscape
2 Recreational Shrubs -
Nodes/ Landmark Types of activity Building/area 3 Institution No specific types of -
condition landscape
Masjid Ar-Rahimah Religious activity Good 4 Recreational Trees : -Lamp post
Dewan Merdeka Community activity Moderate - Polyalthia longifolia -Bench
Figure 2.2: Pedestrian walkway in Jalan Merdeka. KKB -Pterocarpus indicus
Dataran KKB Food court Good - Swietenia mahogani
Old KKB fire station Vacant Poor 5 Commercial Trees: -Lamp post
Market Trading Good - Ficus benjamina
KKB Bas station Service Moderate (mostly)
- Swietenia mahogani
Mahkamah Syariah Service Good
- Casuarina nobilis
KKB
- Mussaenda
Junction Jalan
erythrophylla
Pahang-Jalan Service Good
6 Administration Trees: -Lamp post
Hamzah
- Swietenia mahogani
Hindu temple Religious activity Good
- Ficus benjamina
Table 2.2: Information related to the nodes and landmarks in KKB
- Melia Indica
Figure 2.3: Cycle lane along Jalan Syed Mashor. 7 Residential No specific types of -Signage
landscape
8 Commercial and No specific types of -
residential landscape
Table 2.3: Districts that present in KKB township.
ii) Nodes & landmark
By referring to the figure above, it can be seen that
some of the buildings or area that had been drawn in
iv) Edges
the mind map area nodes and landmark, where the
rest are to function as symbol of the area. Most of The edges of this township are in various forms.
the nodes and landmark here are building of public These include Federal route 1, Dataran KKB, forest,
facilities. This is due to its function which is serve golf course, quarters, and shop lots. Plan 2.5 shows
the community, and thus makes them usually well the edges for this township.
known by the local community and frequently
Figure 2.4: Nodes within Kuala Kubu Bharu town.
taking them as the nodes and land mark for the site.
In addition, the junction itself, especially the one
that connected to the major path also function as
iii) District
nodes, as it is one of the point that usually known by
There are a few districts that can be identified in the
community. Table 0.1.2 below shows among the
site. Table below (Table 0.1.5) show among the
information related to the nodes and landmarks in
districts that present in the township and Plan 2.4
shows the area coverage for each district. Figure 2.5: Building that function as the edge to KKB Township.

209

3.8.2 VISUAL QUALITY
In this aspect, there are a few elements that have been taken into consideration to be included in
it. Among the aspect are the skyline and the building façade, especially the one in the town
centre, the view and vista of the site, the gateway to the town, and the vibrancy of the town. Figure 2.10: Commercial lot area no. 5

i) Skyline and building façade
For this element, the area that had been highly taken into consideration is the area of town
centre, which include the commercial area and some of the government institution area.

Figure 2.11: Commercial lot area no. 6
a) Commercial area Jalan Dato’ Muda No. 7 & 9:
Jaafar (area no. 7, - uniform skyline, 2 storey
8, 9, & 10) -good façade condition
In this classification, there area a few elements that being taken into consideration. No. 8 & 10:
Among the elements are the locations of the shop lots, skylines of each shop lots, -not uniform building skyline
with infill land, 2 & 3 storey
façade condition, and number of storey. Table below (Table 0.1.6) shows the -some with good, moderate,
and poor façade and building
information related to the one stated above, while Plan 2.6 shows the numbering of condition
each row of shop lots and the skyline of each row of shop lots.

Visual illustration Location Condition
Jalan Dato’ Tabal No. 1:
(area no. 1 & 2) -Uniform skyline, 2 storey
-most of the shop lots have Figure 2.14: Commercial lot area no. 9
moderate & good façade
condition Jalan Dato’ Balai No. 11:
No. 2: (area no. 11 & 12) -not uniform building skyline,
-4 storey building 2 storey
-good façade condition -some with good, moderate,
and poor façade and building
condition
Figure 2.15: Commercial lot area no. 11 No. 12:
-no building
-consist of car park
Figure 2.7: Commercial lot area no. 2 -view of the back of market
Jalan Abd Hamid No. 13:
Jalan Mat Kilau no. 3 & 5: (area no. 13, 14, -uniform building skyline, 2
(area no. 3, 4, 5 & -uniform skyline, 2 storey 15, & 16) storey
6) -good façade condition -good and moderate façade
No. 4 & 6: and building condition
-not uniform building skyline No. 14:
with infill land, 2, 3, & 5 -2 storey building
Figure 2.8: Commercial lot area no. 3 storey -good façade and building
-some with good, moderate, condition
and poor façade and building Figure 2.16: Commercial lot area no. 15 No. 15:
condition -uniform building skyline, 2
storey
Figure 2.9: Commercial lot area no. 4 -good and moderate façade
and building condition

215

No. 16: included in the data collection are the identification of building, its location, and the
-not uniform building skyline
with infill land, 2 storey building façade. Table below (Table 0.1.7) shows the data related to the one
-good, moderate and poor
mentioned above, while Plan 2.7 shows the location of each building that had been
façade and
listed in the table.

Figure 2.17: Commercial lot area no. 16 Building Location Façade
Jalan Kamarudin No. 17, 18, & 19: Majlis Daerah Hulu Selangor Jalan Bukit Kerajaan Good
(area no. 17, 18, -uniform building skyline with Hulu Selangor Land Office Jalan Bukit Kerajaan Good
19, 20, 21, & 22) an infill land in area 19, 2 Civil court Hulu Selangor Jalan Kubu Good
storey Jabatab Kerja Raya (JKR) Jalan Kubu Moderate
-good and moderate façade
Traffic Police Station Jalan Bukit Kerajaan Good
Figure 2.18: Commercial lot area no. 17 No. 20, 21, & 22:
Police Station Jalan Kubu Good
- not uniform building skyline Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah Jalan Rasathurai Good
with infill lands in area 20 & (PPD)
21, 2 and 3 storey Catholic Church St. Paul KKB Jalan Rasathurai Good
-good, moderate, and poor Persatuan Fei Chiu Ulu Jalan Rasathurai Moderate
façade and building condition Selangor
Pejabat Kebajikan Masyarakat Jalan Rasathurai Moderate
Figure 2.19: Commercial lot area no. 19 Daerah Hulu Selangor
Telekom Malaysia Jalan Dato’ Balai Good
KKB Multipurpose Hall Jalan Merdeka Good
Masjid Ar-Rahimah Jalan Syed Mashor Good
Table 2.5: Building around town centre and its location.


Jalan Rasathurai No. 23 & 24:
(area no. 23, 24, -not uniform building skyline
25, & 26) with infill lands,1, 2 and 3
storey
-good, moderate, and poor
façade and building condition
No. 25 & 26:
- not uniform building skyline, Figure 2.23: Among the buildings that located in KKB town centre.
2, 3, 4, & 5 storey
-good and moderate façade
ii) View
For this aspect, there are two elements that being taken into consideration. These
Figure 2.22: Commercial lot area no. 24 include the good view and bad view that can be seen within the town. View can give a
Table 2.4: information related to building façade and skyline in the commercial area. big visual impact to the visitors that come to the site. The identification of the good

b) Other building and government institution around town centre view and bad view within the site is crucial in order to gives a good impression to the

The other buildings that present within town centre are the government offices and passerby. Plan 2.8 shows the views that had been identified within the site and the

institutions. These should also be taken into consideration as it gives a huge visual location of each view that had been taken.

impact to the visitors that mostly come to the town centre. Among the elements being

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iii) Gateway ANALYSIS AND FINDING
In this aspect, the entrances and the route to the
Analysis of urban design being done in a few forms, these include urban form analysis, perceptual structure, permeability structure,
town centre of KKB town is being observed as it
visual analysis, and conservation analysis. For all of these different analyses, SWOT analysis is being used as the summary.
would give visitor the first impression on the town.
The three entrances to the site is being observed and For urban form analysis, it considers three aspect of influence, which includes natural, physical, and social influences. These aspects
Plan 2.9 shows the photos of the existing condition can be classified into several component of town development. Table 0.2.1 below shows the urban form analysis of the site.
of these gateway that lead to KKB town centre and
table below (Table 0.1.8) shows briefly about the
condition of the three entrances. COMPONENT OF
ASPECT TOWN ELEMENT DETAIL/EXPLANATION
DEVELOPMENT
Entrance Urban Visual Sense of Social Function/focal -administrative centre -the town formerly for the administration of tin mining activities around
furniture/building appearance welcoming
Route 1 & - Dataran KKB Good Moderate point of activity of Hulu Selangor Selangor area.
Jalan Pahang -Lamp post
district -the migration of the former administrative centre from Ampang Pecah to Kuala
(from Tanjung -Landscape
Malim & Kubu Bharu, due to heavy flood
Rawang)
-town of heritage - the town is first implemented garden city concept in Malaya
Jalan Pahang -signage Moderate Poor
(from Bukit -it is the starting point of town and country planning in Malaysia
Fraser)
Jalan Hamzah -Landscape Good Moderate Pattern of -exponential graph -the area in the township are gazette in local plan as suburb area, urban area,
(from Ampang population (form of population town center, and special area, most of it covered by suburbs area, thus low
Pecah)
Table 2.6: The condition of gateways to KKB town centre growth), slow growth concentration of people being located in the area . Plan 2.10 shows the transect
of population on the different classification of area zoning within the KKB town.
Natural Geography -topography, site -heavy flood occur at the former town due to its location at a lower land area;
located at highland cause it to be chosen as the site for the replacement of the old township,
area. Figure 2.25 Ampang Pecah.
show roughly the 3D
structure of landform
in KKB town.
Physical Developing -radial form of -the implementation of garden city concept to the site causing it to have a radial
Figure 2.24: Pictures of gateway to KKB town centre.
pattern development growth of development due to the concept itself. Figure 0.2.2 show roughly the
structure of garden city concept that had been that had been constructed by
Ebenezer Howard.
Movement pattern -Jalan Pahang -it formerly function as the main and only connector route to Pahang, thus
easier for people to travel to Pahang
Table 2.7: The urban form analysis of KKB township

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For the townscape elements and the views, it can be analysed through
perceptual structure, permeability structure, and visual analysis. For the
perceptual structure, it can be explained through emotional aspect and
physical aspect, where from both of these, the perception can be listed
into a few categories. For each perception that had been given by the
town, the detail explanations are being listed down and the potentials and
constraints are being identified. Table 0.2.2 shows the detail explanation
on the perceptual structure of the town.
Figure 2.25: 3D structure of landform in KKB town Figure 2.26: Structure of garden city concept by Ebenezer Howard
(Source by MDHS) (Source by MDHS)

ASPECT PERCEPTION DETAIL/EXPLAINATION CONSTRAINT POTENTIAL
Psychology / -attractive -present of greeneries beautify the town (Jalan Merdeka Recreational Park) -lack in maintenance might -as a part of the interesting or
emotion -interlocking paving of certain parts in the commercial area (Jalan Mat Kilau & Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar) lead to bad visual impact to attractive element to the
community and visitors township.

Figure 2.27: Greeneries in the area of Figure 2.28: Interlocking paving of certain
Jalan Merdeka Recreational park. area in commercial area.

Plan 2.11 shows the area coverage that provides the sense of attractiveness to the town.
-confusing -road circulation in the intersection which is different from the usual intersection system (Jalan Pahang- -might lead to road accident, -unique intersection system
Jalan Syed Mashor) especially to the visitors which rarely found in other
-scattered distribution of different land use in the township -might easily stranded when places
searching for the destination -improvement in signage
system makes both of these
element as one of the
Figure 2.29: Intersection of Jalan Pahang- uniqueness of the township
Jalan Syed Mashor

Plan 2.12 shows the area coverage that provides the sense of confusing to the town.

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-creepy/horror -left over old government quarters (Jalan Syed Mashor, Jalan Rasathurai, Jalan Dato‟ Tabal, Jalan -give a bad perception or -refurnish of the old quarters
Hospital) visual impact to the visitors would become one of the
-less provision of light at certain area of the town (Jalan Bukit Kerajaan, Jalan Padang Golf, Jalan -cause certain area in the town historical evidence to the
Merdeka) to be less vibrant or less township
movement of people -attract people to visit the town
-might increase crime rate and increase its vibrancy

Figure 2.30: the left over government Figure 2.31: no provision of light in
quarters in Jalan Rasathurai certain area of town.

Plan 2.13 shows the area coverage that provides the sense of horror to the town.
-calmness - present of greeneries beautify the town (Jalan Merdeka Recreational Park) -lack of maintenance might -park as one of the attractive
-less traffic volume / no traffic congestion gives bad visual impact to element in the town due to the
community and visitors original concept of the town and
-increase in the numbers of its historical element
visitors/ traffic user might -planting of trees and road
Figure 2.32: Less traffic volume in Jalan
reduce the sense of calmness widening might able to reduce
Pahang, the arterial road of KKB town.
to the town the traffic congestion and
remain the sense of calmness

Plan 2.14 shows the area coverage that provides the sense of calmness to the town.

Physical -high/ grand -the physical form of the route to the town from Ampang Pecah (Jalan Hamzah) -psychological perception by -giving the feeling of grand and
-location of government offices, which are located at a higher land area (Bukit Kerajaan) the visitor that the township is surprising due to its location at
quite isolated from other a higher area of land
township due to its physical -enhancement on the urban
form design element would give the
township sense of attractiveness

Figure 2.33: Land office of KKB in Bukit Kerajaan.

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-old/vintage -old design of the shop lots units in the commercial area (Jalan Dato‟ Balai, Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar, -lack of restriction in the -rejuvenation of these area
Jalan Mat Kilau, Jalan Dato‟ Tabal, Jalan Rasathurai, Jalan Kamarudin, Jalan Abdul Hamid) renovation of shop lots cause enhance the historical evidence
-old government quarters (Jalan Syed Mashor, Jalan Rasathurai, Jalan Dato‟ Tabal, Jalan Hospital) the old architectural design of the town
and historical element to be -might become one of the
fade as time goes by attractive element to the
-cause the unevenness in township and this making the
skyline and building design history of this town well known
and façade which might lead by others
to bad visual impact
Figure 2.34: Old government quarters in Figure 2.35: Old design of shop lots units
Jalan Syed Mashor in Jalan Dato’ Tabal.

Plan 2.15 shows the area coverage that provides the sense of vintage to the town.

-far/huge -condition of gateway to town centre (Jalan Pahang: from Bukit Frazer and Federal route 1) -visitors get boring with the -enhancement in the road side
-scattered of different land uses monotonous environment of landscape and urban design
the gateway element would reduce the
-easily stranded due to weak monotonous of the gateway
signage system -improvement in the signage
Figure 2.36: Condition of gateway to KKB
from Bukit Frazer. efficiency would help in
reducing the psychological
influence of the surrounding
Plan 2.16 shows the area coverage that provides the huge or far perception to the town. condition of the gateway
-beautiful/neat - present of greeneries beautify the town (Jalan Merdeka Recreational Park) -lack of maintenance might -might be one of the attractive
-interlocking paving of certain parts in the commercial area (Jalan Mat Kilau & Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar) gives bad visual impact to the element to the town
visitor
-quite -low level of vibrancy of the township -might increase crime rate -bring peacefulness to
-less provision of light at certain area of the town (Jalan Bukit Kerajaan, Jalan Padang Golf, Jalan -less number of people community due to the quietness
Merdeka) entering the area which lead of the area.
to the less movement of
people in the area.

Figure 2.37 Less vibrancy of town.

Table 2.8: The perceptual structure analysis of urban design element in KKB Township

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For the permeability structure analysis, the aspect of analysis can be divided into two, which include privacy and the connectivity aspects. And for each aspect, a few points or elements had been identified which related to the site had
been listed down and the potential and constraint of each element had been listed. Table 0.2.3 below shows the permeability structure of KKB township and the elements for each aspects of the permeability structure.

ASPECT POINT DETAIL CONSTRIANT POTENTIAL
Privacy -less connectedness of road structure, especially for the -mostly the roads that connected to residential area -difficult in accessing other area -highlight the sense of safety, where
collector road. The road structure of KKB township is only related person entering the area
among the element that being shown in Plan 2.17.
-greeneries as separator to different area. The existing -parks and green area within the township -might easily lead to misuse of the -community felt that they are prevented
location of the greeneries that separates different areas area from the bustle of the town centre
is among the element that being shown in Plan 2.17

Figure 2.38: The greeneries that separate the
government offices with other building

-the left over government quarters in certain area of -sense of horror on the unwell managed old quarters -reduce numbers of visitor accessing -might able to maintain the area to be
township which is in an unmanageable condition. The the road due to psychological effect in a calm condition
location of the old government quarters is among the -only people with related matters -unrelated people in the area easily
element that being shown in Plan 2.17. would entre the area identified to reduce crime rate
-the existing condition of the gateways to KKB town -less element of welcoming being inserted along the -passerby not attracted to come to -maintaining the original or natural
centre, which is in an unmanageable condition. These gateway the town features of the area surrounding the
can be referred back to Plan 2.9 which shows the -the historical element of the town township
existing condition of the gateways to KKB town centre. not being appreciated

Figure 2.39: the condition of gateway to KKB town
centre from Bukit Frazer

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-scattered of different land use within the town. -institution and government offices not concentrated -easily stranded in searching for the -the bustle of town not heavily
in an area right destination concentrated in the centre of the town
-the location of the government offices and institution, -Bukit Kerajaan, hospital, and police training collage -providing workers more privacy and
which situated in a highland area. The location of the not stuck in the middle of the bustle of
government offices and institutions is among the business activities
element that being shown in Plan 2.17

Figure 2.40: the JKR office on Bukit Kerajaan in
town centre of KKB

-less traffic volume within the town which bring more -less in the numbers of traffic volume in the town -less number of people know the -no urban pressure to community and
calmness to the area surrounding. -smooth traffic flow, no congestion historical element of the township calmness being maintain

Figure 2.41: the traffic condition in the entrance to
Jalan Pahang from Federal Route 1.

-less activity/ movement of people especially during -low level of vibrancy in the township -might lead to increase of crime rate -less number of people might entre the
night -less in provision of street lights area, especially during night
connectivity -road within town centre/ commercial area have a good -connected to various area through collector road -busy traffic flow in the commercial -can easily access to other area as it
element of connectivity. -become the exit from certain residential in the area connect to the whole area of town
deeper part
-weak public transportation system in the town reduce -rare provision of busses -less connectivity to outside of the -less traffic movement in the town
the connectivity of the town to the area outside town

Figure 2.42: the bas station for KKB township.

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-weak signage system within the town makes the -less provision of signage in the town -hard to access within the township -
movement of certain people facing obstacles. especially by visitors
-different types of road circulation within the township -grid iron system in commercial area -monotonous architectural effect -easily access to other part of the area
give different approach to the user. The road circulation -radial street system -accessibility only efficient at the -giving sense of privacy to the area
system is among the element that being shown in Plan town centre outside the centre.
2.12
-the connectivity of different land uses are in a -connected through collector road -hardly understood/ recognized by -people access the particular land use
moderate condition. -rarely connected to each other, accept for the area of visitor only with purpose
town centre -easily stranded for the visitor that
come to the town for the first time
Table 2.9: The permeability structure analysis of urban design element in KKB Township

For the visual analysis, the aspect of analysis can be divided into four, which include the skyline and building façade, gateway, views, and vibrancy aspects. And for each aspect, the detail explanation of the existing condition is being listed
down and the potential and constraint of each element had been identified. Table 0.2.4 below shows the visual analysis of KKB township and the detail explanation for each of it, while Plan 2.17 shows the photos of the related area on the
visual analysis.

ASPECT DETAIL/CONDITION POTENTIAL CONSTRAINT
Skyline and building -unevenness of shop lots skyline gives a bad visual impact to the visitors -variety of building form in the shop lots area, -as the original shop lots pattern is being renovated,
façade condition -lack of restriction on renovation or reconstruction of the shop lots area causing it to have less which prevent the monotonous architectural element the historical architectural building and design of the
historical value. -the conservation of certain old building in the town shop lots area will be faded.
-the conservation of the original façade of certain historical building causing to give a different acts as the historical evidence of the area and -the historical evidences and elements of the town not
visual impact to the people enhances the function of the town as the town of being fully appreciated by the people of current
heritage. generation
-in addition, it will act as the tourist attraction area -the old buildings that being conserved gives an out
due to the historical element. dated look to the town as the town itself function as
the administrative centre to Hulu Selangor district.

Figure 2.43: the view of unevenness of Figure 2.44: among the building that had been
skyline and the renovation of certain conserved on its original facade.
shop lots area.

Refer to Plan 2.6 and Plan 2.7
Gateway -all of the gateways to the KKB town centre are lack of urban furniture causing it to provide less -due to the current condition of the gateways, people - People will be less attracted to the town due to lack
sense of welcoming to the passerby will be less attracted to the town, thus only related in sense of welcoming and the bad view along the
people will entre, which in the other words would gateway.
ensure the town to be in a calm condition. -in relation to the above, less people will have the
knowledge on the historical significant of the town to

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-the lack of regulation on the gateways causing some of the area serving bad views to the visitors. the development of town planning in Malaysia.

Figure 2.45: among the existing condition on
the gateway to the KKB town.
Refer to Plan 2.9.
View -the present of infill land in the commercial area gives a bad visual impact to the visitor of the town, -the refurnish of the greeneries allows people to -the existing condition of the infill land gives a bad
even to the community itself appreciate the history of the formation of the visual impact to the visitors as the area are full of wild
-the greeneries which located at the area of road to town centre (Jalan Merdeka) bring a sense of greeneries in Jalan Merdeka grass and unregulated.
freshness and give a good visual impact to the people. -in addition, the existing condition act as a barrier for
people to appreciate the historical element of the
commercial area to the formation of KKB township.

Figure 2.46: among the existing Figure 2.47: the view that being
condition on the infill land in the provided along the area of Jalan
commercial area. Merdeka

Vibrancy -the low level of vibrancy in the town, either during day or night led to the less movement of people - -the existing condition of the vibrancy of the town
in certain area in the town. may cause people to be less attracted to visit the town
-the lack in the provision of street light somehow affects the vibrancy of the town. either during day or night time.
-it might have a high probability in the increasing of
crime rate, if the existing vibrancy condition of the
town is being take for granted.
Table 2.10: The visual analysis of views in KKB Township

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3.8.3 CONSERVATION BUILDINGS AND AREA IN KUALA KUBU BHARU 1) The Garden City Concept
Formation of Kuala Kubu Bharu also becomes an important history when the town of Kuala Kubu
 The historical and significance of the garden city concept.
Bharu (old) had been redeveloped around 1924. Charles Compton Reade was the individual who
is responsible for bringing change to the city. He has applied the concept of „Garden City‟ for the
first in Malaysia.

As Kuala Kubu Bharu is the first town that had been planned as the first garden city in Malaya,
there are many buildings and areas should be conserved and preserved due to the historical value
for the future generation. To retain its cultural significance, there are many method in conserving
the buildings and area. It can be done by restoration, reconstruction, adaptive re-use,
rehabilitation, and also any combination of the methods above.

Basically, conservation in Malaysia is still a new practice and new phenomenon. One of the acts
that related to conservation is the National Heritage Act 2005 or known as act 645. The definition
below based on the act 645;

• “tangible cultural heritage” includes area, monument and building;
• “Intangible cultural heritage” includes any form of expressions, community; musically
produced tunes…etc.
• “Natural heritage” includes natural features of any area in Malaysia which may consist of
earthly physical or biological formations or group of such formations, geological or
physiographical features.

As in Kuala Kubu Bharu, it is only the tangible cultural heritage because there are no culture or
Figure 3.1: Garden City layout plan and the current land use map that shows the difference
others intangible heritage that can be specified as something that can be conserved. There are and the changes of land use activities.
several buildings and places that has been discovered have its own uniqueness and need to be
The draft of layout plan for Garden city concept in Kuala Kubu Bharu had been done by
conserve such as the garden city plan itself, the shop houses, the old fire station at Jalan Dato
Charles Compton Reade on 1924.It is the first garden city and the starting point of town and
Tabal, , government quarters, Royal Malaysia Police College, the memorial clock tower, the
country planning in Malaysia. So, the garden city design and concept in Kuala Kubu Bharu
memorial monument of King George V.
must be conserved. The garden city was distinctive for its use of zoning where a park belt
encircling the central shop houses. The town was separated into commercial, administrative,
residential and recreational sectors; the District Offices were located at administrative hub
on a hill overlooking the town centre. As mentioned, the commercial area formed the central
core for Kuala Kubu Bharu.

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elements, the district council also preserved all the old trees located at the green area along
the main road to the town centre.
This town centre of Kuala Kubu Bharu and other development that included in the garden
city planning seems to hold a very significant value of the past. The designs of the shops-
houses in the town seem to have similarity with other colonial building in Malaysia. So, it is
evidence in proving the British colonization in Malaysia. The grid iron design of the
commercial area also one of the earliest design by Charles Reade in the draft layout plan, so
it shows that, the whole area that included in the garden city plan and concept must be
conserved. The area can be conserved by the enforcement of law such as not allowing any
development that can affects the garden city planning concept.

Figure 3.3: Landscape that enhance the tree preserving at the town center.

Figure 3.2: the changes of land use at the park belt area.

As shown in figure 3.2 above, the park belt is the main component in this garden city
design concept. It separating between commercial and residential area was to be used for
Figure 3.4: Mini stadium that been developed at the park belt area.
public recreation such as field, cricket, and golf course. The residential sectors which
provided accommodation for the government employees were located beside the park belt
and a hospital and school was sited near to the residential area. Now the land use at the park
belt area as shown in figure is changing due to the modernization of Kuala Kubu Bharu and
it can be consider as they preserving the park belt area because they built the public usage
buildings. At the park belt area they built, stadium, sports complex, school, library and the
council also enhance the place with a park which is Taman Merdeka. Based on the landscape
Figure 3.5: The recreational park that located along Jalan Syed Mashor that was abandoned.

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3)The memorial monument of King George V and memorial clock tower

 The historical and significance of memorial monument of King George V and memorial
clock tower.

Figure 3.7 : the monument of memorial clock
tower

Both of these monuments have to be conserve because it has historical value related to the
development of Kuala Kubu. However, for the memorial monument of King George V, the
current location for example in figure 3.6, is strategic but it is not outstanding based on it
Figure 3.6: the memorial monument of King George V. colour itself. While, for the clock tower, the location is on the top of the hill of Bukit
Kerajaan, but it was blocked by tall trees around it. So, to conserve the monuments, it has to
The monument of King George V located in front of Masjid Al-Rahimah. This memorial was be enhanced with landscape and signage, so it can be seen clearly by the tourist and people
built to commemorate the death of Cecil Ranking as the person who killed the white alligator who pass by those monuments.
at the old town of Kuala Kubu. It is believed that the white alligator was killed at the Kuala
Kubu dam, thus it accidentally destroying it and there was a massive flood hit the Kuala
Kubu town due to the broken dam.

The memorial clock tower had been erected on 1938 at Kuala Kubu Bharu near to the government
office. The site location and the design of the clock tower were considered by the Ulu Selangor
Coronation Celebration Committee. The clock tower was built due to the funds of celebration
exceeded the estimated cost. Figure below, it shows the current view of the clock tower at Kuala
Kubu Bharu. The clock tower had been built at higher place to avoid any damage from children
that playing around.

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In Kuala Kubu Bharu, the typical design of two storey shop houses where the ground floor
4) The old Shop Houses and the Grid Iron design of the town.
for trading and the first floor for residential use is still the same until today. It is because they are
also the oldest extant urban dwelling in the country. For the current usage, some of the shop houses
 The History and the architectural significance of the old shop houses and grid iron design of
been fully used for housing while major of it been used for trading. In figure 3.10 below shows the
Kuala Kubu Bharu town centre.
current view of few shop houses that being used as a house where it can be seen clearly that the
owner still preserve and conserve the old design of the wall, the features of the building such as the
door, window, and the façade of the building. The combination of both residential and retail used
provided is actually create a lively and vibrant urban setting that typified a living city.

Other than that, conservation also can be done on the town itself by preserving the grid iron
design of the town and also the garden city concept. It can also be done by bringing back the old
town feeling which is related to the arrangement and the activities of people, where there will be
no development allowed which can make any changes on the earlier plan of the garden city and
the grid iron concept.

Figure 3.8: the grid iron concept that can be seen clearly from the first layout plan.

Basically, the shop houses in Kuala Kubu Bharu are the earliest building that being planned in the
garden city township. The area of the shop houses at the town itself shows the grid-iron concept and
it can be seen clearly in the first layout plan of Kuala Kubu Bharu by Charles Reade on 1927 that
been shown in figure 3.8 above.

These old shop houses are integral to the evolution of the city‟s streetscapes and show very
Figure3.9: The old shop houses.
clearly the urban conditions which started in Kuala Kubu Bharu when more permanent materials
such as brick and clay roof tiles replaced the earlier shop houses at the old town, timber structures.
These buildings also demonstrate the comprehensive building and planning regulations imposed
during British rule.

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Figure 3.11: the five foot ways that was provided since the early stage of development of the shop
lot.

The old shop houses building in Malaysia is actually under threats and extinctions and Kuala Kubu
Figure 3.10: Both of the figures above show the example of few shop lots at the town centre that
Bharu is one of the place that should be conserved the existing old shop houses. In Kuala Kubu
being used as residential. As can be seen above , the vintage design of the window and door of the
Bharu, few problems in conserving the shops houses been identified such as, lack of legislation,
shop houses is quite similar even it is located at different block, and the wall and other features
lack of old materials, lack of control within local government; modernisation for example
are still be preserved by the owner of the house itself.
economic interest to replace the old shop houses with the new buildings, and lack of awareness and
perspectives towards heritage buildings between publics.
It is common for historic towns and old buildings to be valued simply for their aesthetic value,
because they are old and therefore they have a „scarcity value‟. For example the „kaki lima‟ or it also
called as „five-foot-ways‟ actually started on the traditional old shop houses which is used to cover
the passageway and also for the use of public spaces. The „five-foot-ways‟ also helps to create a
continuity and sense of unity to an urban ensembles which responsive for the hot humid climate and
the drenching rain. Based on the observation, all the shop lots in Kuala Kubu Bharu has its own
„five-foot-ways‟ starting from the earliest building of the shop houses in the town as shown in figure
3.11 below.

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5) The Earliest British Quarters.

 The History and the architectural significance of the British Quarters.

Figure 3.13: One of the bungalows that provided for the British Senior officers.

Figure 3.12: The orange coloured part shows the earliest quarters that exist in Kuala Kubu
Bharu.

The British quarters in Kuala Kubu Bharu had started it development in 1932 and it was
developed after the shop houses and the government building. The quarters been built to
accommodate all the governmental officers. Basically, the location is at the west side from
the town centre, and it is situated along Jalan Syed Mashor. The provision of the quarters
based on the hierarchy and the position of the staffs where there are two types of quarters
which are the clerks’ quarters and the officers’ quarters. The British officers’ house were
scattered at the green area beside the hospitals. As shown in figure 3.12 above, there are two
types of quarters where the clerks quarters is actually attached to each other, while for the
British officers is a single house or bungalow. Figure 3.14: The English Design of the interior of the house.

Based on the observation, it had been identified that the materials of house is different
between the officers and the clerks’ quarters. For the clerks’ quarters they are using timber
while for the officers’ quarters they are using brick and clay roof. As shown in figure below
are the bungalow lots or the British officers’ quarters that been provided in Kuala Kubu
Bharu in the year 1932.

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Figure 3.15: Shows the earliest clerks’ quarters that located along Jalan Syed Mashor and the
materials that been used is timber. Figure3.18: One of the old quarters that has been conserved by the district council to be as the
gallery of arts and literally of Hulu Selangor District.

There are few quarters that been conserved by the district council. One of it can be seen in
figure 3.18 above, which is one of the old quarters that been conserved by preservation and
restoration. Preservation means maintaining the fabric of a place and its existing state and
restoration is reassembling existing components without the introduction of new materials
where the quarters still using the same material of the building which is timber, and they
improved the façade by painting the building to protect rendering against the deteriorating
atmospheric effects.

Figure 3.16: The green area in front of the clerks’ quarters.
After undergo the preservation process, the building can be adaptive reuse for the other
functions such as commercial, for example make it as a homestay so those buildings can
generate money and increase the economy of Kuala Kubu itself.

Figure3.17: One of the old quarters that has been conserved by the district council to be as the
gallery of arts and literally of Hulu Selangor District.

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6) The fire station in Jalan Dato Tabal.
As can be seen in figure 3.20, the fire station is actually located between the shop houses at
 The History and the architectural significance of the fire station at Jalan Dato Tabal.
the middle of the town. From observation, it has been identified that the fire station is
abandoned. It is such a waste because there are many other activities that can be done and it
shows that the land in the town itself is not fully utilised. There are many other activities
such as retail, exhibition, where indirectly it can raise the economy of the place.

This building was identified has its special character proving the British colonization in
Malaysia, so it have to be conserved by restoration, improving the building façade and
rehabilitation in order to be able to live or use the particular building again. This is based on
the local plan of Hulu Langat district, it stated about the conservation guideline in Kuala
Kubu Bharu where a conservation of a place is determined based on the existence of
buildings that have evidence of historic area and urban areas with traditional and historical
images.

Figure 3.19: The vacant fire station building

The fire station is located at the town centre where it is strategic location and near to Jalan
Pahang which is one of the main roads where people use to in and out of the town. The fire
station had been built around 1930’s.

Figure 3.20: the location of the fire station

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7) The Royal Malaysian Police College

 The History and the architectural significance of the Royal Malaysian Police College.

Figure 3.22: Reconstruction of the administrative building due to bad condition of building’s
structure and façade

Figure 3.21: the red shaded part shows the area of the Royal Malaysia Police College.

The Royal Malaysian Police College is situated at the west from the town centre which is beside
the Kuala Kubu Bharu hospital. It had been built on 1952 where previously it is a place for the Figure 3.23: The old blocks of the college building that still in good conditions and good façade.
British to elect and train their officers. One of the other reason why it been built in Kuala Kubu
Bharu because of the Communist which active at that time in spreading their ideology and many
local people were killed. So the existence of Police College is to threaten the communist and to
limit and restrained their activities.

Generally, this building been officially opened in 1953 by the High Commissioner Federation of
Malaya, General Sir Gerald Templer. It has few blocks of office buildings and it provides a
bungalow for the head of British Officer where it is near to the police college building. For the
current view, there are few buildings in the college that is not in good condition of the façade and
it is due to the lifespan of the building. So, certain building is undergoing preservation process Figure 3.24: The bungalow that provided for the Senior Officer in the police college area.
which is reconstruction for the buildings that was in bad conditions.

246

It was a British colonial building where the administrative building has its own unique design.
Based on observation and study done, they still conserve the old features in the administrative
buildings itself such as the door and the window where they did not change it with new materials.
The wall of the building also been maintained by

Figure 3.26: Tanks that had been conserved at Royal Malaysia Police College Kuala Kubu Bharu

Figure 3.25: the old materials of doors that still in use and the unique design of the wall of the
building which is for the lighting of the pathway

For conservation, it can be done on the bungalow that used to be as the officer’s house. The
current condition of the bungalow is in a good condition but it is vacant, and there is a
proposal to conserve and reuse the bungalow and make it as a police museum for publics
since this college is one of the pioneer police college in Malaya. Other than that there are also
tanks during war that has been conserved by the Royal Malaysia Police College as shown in
figure 3.26.

247

SWOT ANALYSIS.

Sector Strength Weakness Opportunity Threats
URBAN DESIGN

Certain townscape element, which is the Certain townscape element can hardly Refurnish of those element gives a lot of People less attracted to visit the town
Townscape path, has no conflict in term of movement visible due to less utilization of the attractiveness to the whole are of the centre due to no attraction in the
of people. This is due to good traffic flow.
townscape element, thus giving no township. townscape element of the town.
enthusiasm to visitors.
Many greeneries being maintain or preserve Some area, People will be attracted to hang out here Due to the local climate and less parking
Visual Appearance in the town due to the concept, thus bring Specially town centre and gateway are not due to good view and landscape at certain space, people rarely use the park, thus less
the feeling of calmness and good view to well manage. area. maintainance of the area provided –gives
people. These thus give bad visual impact and the area bad visual quality
excluding the element of welcoming the
town
Vibrancy of the town can be seen in the Vibrancy of the town only during particular People feel calm due to less movement of Crime rate might increase due to less
Vibrancy early morning as movement of people in time and event car which in the other perspective would vibrancy of town,
the early morning are more concentrated in lead to vibrancy of town.
the area of market and commercial area.
Gazetted in Local plan as town of heritage Less populated – slow economic pattern( Tourist attraction for future different Lack of enforcement.
Historical analysis business) elements of interaction/ history not wasted.
CONSERVATION

Many historic building during British era Lack of old materials and expensive Rich heritage shall attract tourists, many Modernisation of a town can affect the
that has unique building design and prove materials for the buildings restoration and more potential sites under consideration conservation of historical buildings which is
of the British colonization exist in Kuala rehabilitation for conservation purpose to lack of awareness and different perspective
Kubu and it should be conserved. ensure no much change on the building towards heritage building between publics.
fabrics.

ISSUES

ISSUES VERIFICATION PRELIMINARY RECOMMENDATION

Many historical buildings that has unique design and high potential are There are buildings such as the quarter’s area, and the fire station at town Proposed to undergo comprehensive conservation such as the restoration
abandoned and vacant. centre, and few shop houses that vacant and abandoned. Thus, it can process, rehabilitation, reconstruction, and adaptive reuse of the historic
decrease the image quality of the town and the land is not fully utilised. building that has potential in order to increase the tourist attraction and
increase the economy of Kuala Kubu Bharu.
Week urban design element in the town causing it to have a low level of The low level of vibrancy either during the day or night, and the bad visual The vibrancy of the town needs to be enhanced, primarily through the
attraction for the passer by and the visitor of the town. quality of the town especially in the area of the gateway to town and the provision of street light at the whole town. In addition, the regulation by
area with abandoned old government quarters affect the level of interest related authority need to be emphasised in the enhancement of the views
in people to visit the town. in the town, especially at the entrance to the town, in order to increase
the level of attractiveness of people to the town.

248

3.9 LANDSCAPE AND RECREATION

INTRODUCTION SCOPE OF STUDY ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS

L
andscape and recreation area play a vital role in enhancing i) Softscape Landscape can be divided into 2 types which are softscape and
the image and identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu as the first hardscape. Softscape is an organic component of landscape which
garden city in Malaysia. It can be seen where the main The analysis will be focused on the dominant tree and flowers
requires time to mature or effectual and dependent on climatic
location of the recreation area is located at the center of the town planted throughout Kuala Kubu Bharu town which also can be
factors. All types of tree, shrubs and grasses can be classified as
appropriate with the concept of ‘Garden City’. Besides that, it also enhanced to improve the image and identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu.
softscape. Hardscape is non-organic components of landscape
provides the sense of welcoming for the outside people who comes It also includes the types of tree planted within the town, its
which is effectual once it is constructed and non-dependent of
to Kuala Kubu Bharu. Rather than that, landscape in Kuala Kubu location, existing condition, and its possible purpose.
climatic factors which is walkways, street lamp, bench and
Bharu also functioned in beautifying the image of the city as the ii) Hardscape monument.
administrative centre of Hulu Selangor. Besides for the visual
In this element, the aspects that are going to be highlighted are the 5.9.1 SOFTSCAPE ELEMENTS
purpose, it also can help boost the economy in commercial area as
types of hardscape provided in the town, the existing condition,
well as attract the tourist to visit the town.
and its location. Besides that, the elements of hardscape that have Due to their history as the first ‘Garden City’ in Malaysia, soft
OBJECTIVE potential to be enhanced as the identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu also landscape plays an important role to enhance the concept of
i. To recognize landscape that has potential to become an are going to be identified. Garden City in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Soft landscape in the town
image and identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu. iii) Recreation area become the main element functioned in beautifying the image of
ii. To analyze the existing condition of landscape in different Kuala Kubu Bharu as an administrative centre of Hulu Selangor.
The analysis in the aspect will be focused on the hierarchy of open The dominant tree planted in Kuala Kubu Bharu is ‘Swietenia
land uses.
spaces provided within the town. This include the area, location, Mahogany’. This type of trees were planted along Jalan Dato‟
iii. To identify the hierarchy of the open spaces and activity
existing condition and also the activity provided within the open Tabal, Jalan Kubu and Jalan Merdeka. Sunflower or in scientific
provided within the open spaces.
spaces. name called ‘Helianthus Annuus’ become trademark for Kuala
iv. To identify the issues related to the landscape and
recreational area. Kubu Bharu town. The location of the flowers planted more focus
on the town center and at the administrative building.

249

Most of the trees planted in Kuala Kubu Bharu are in large sizes.
This kind of trees mostly planted along the main road. Its purpose
is to create the essence of green living in Kuala Kubu Bharu due to
its own history as the first „Garden City‟ in Malaysia. The other
function is to provide the shading area for the pedestrian the
parking area. It will encourage people to use the pedestrian
walkways. Besides that, these trees were planted in order to reduce
the temperature, prevent the bad visual that can give effects to the
visual impact of the town and also functioned as the buffer zone for
air and noise pollution.

For the aesthetic purpose, the flowers and shrubs play a
vital role to increase the aesthetic value of the town. It is important
„HELIANTHUS ANNUUS‟
to enhance the image of Kuala Kubu Bharu as an administrative
planted around Kuala Kubu
centre of Hulu Selangor. This type of trees can be seen planted at
Bharu town.
the administrative building, around the commercial area and also at
the intersection of the road.

Based on the observation, the elements of soft landscape
throughout Kuala Kubu Bharu town can be further enhanced to
improve the image and identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu as the first
„Garden City‟ been applied in Malaysia as well as functioned as an
administrative centre of Hulu Selangor.

„SWIETENIA MAHOGANY‟
along Jalan Dato‟ Tabal

250

There are the images of the trees planted throughout Kuala Kubu Bharu town.

“Bismarckia nobilis” “Gardenia carinata” “Pterocarpus Indicus” “Cassia fistu ” “Polyalthia longifolia” “Acasia Mangium ” “Pisona Alba ” “Erythrina orientalis ”
(Bismarck palm) (Cempaka Hutan) (Indian Laburnam) (Asoka) (Akasia) (Mengkudu) (Dedap)

“Aquilaria malaccensis ” “Roystonia regia ” “Fagraea Fragrans ” The old tree species “Tabebuai pallida’” “Lagerstroemia” “Ficus Benjamina ”
(Karas) (Palma Di raja) (Tembusu) (Tabebuai) (Bungor) (Ara)

“Swietenia macrophylla” “Samanea saman” “Mimusops elengi “ (Jemerlang) “Azadirachta indica” “Casuarina Junghuhniana ”
(Mambu) (Rhu Cemara)

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5.9.2 HARDSCAPE ELEMENTS

Hard landscape can be classified as additional features or elements
being provided to further enhance the image and identity of Kuala
Kubu Bharu town due to its own history and status as the
administrative centre of Hulu Selangor. Its include the provision of
pedestrian walkways, landscape furniture, street furniture, and
other hardscape elements which can assist to improve the visual
image of the town as well as to serve the needs of users use.
Based on the observation, the paving road was setting in The sizes of the walkways which
Jalan Mat Kilau and Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar which are the main are not appropriate for people to
Paving road in Jalan Mat
use it.
road enter to the commercial area in order to maintain the condition Kilau.
of the road as well as to enhance the visual image of the area.
There are also walkways provided in front of the shop houses and
other hardscape elements such as bench, lamppost and dustbin.
From overall perspective point of view, the conditions of the
hardscape elements set up throughout Kuala Kubu Bharu town
were not well maintained. It can be seen either in the commercial
area which also the focal point for the community to gather or the
main focus area of the recreation activities been provided. There is
also no connection between the hardscape elements and softscape
elements. The walkways provided in the commercial area also are
not functioning due to its small size which cannot allow people to
use it and also the linkages of the pedestrian walkways which are
not really well planned. The provisions of the street lamps are
adequate but a few of it just not being used during night especially
in the commercial area.
It can be seen that the main focus areas of the provision of
the hardscape elements located in the commercial and recreational
area. This is because of the function of these areas as the focal
point for the community to come. Due to the above problems The integration between the element of
stated, the hardscape elements are not well functioning to serve softscape and hardscape
people. Because of the hardscape elements are not well maintained, (Signboard to the garden city in the world)
it‟s a little bit give effects to the visual impact to the town.

253

Based on figure 5.9.1, there are some places that pedestrian
pathways take places. Most of the pedestrian pathway located at
the town center of Kuala Kubu bharu itself. Then it spread out at
nearby parks with surrounding it at Jalan Merdeka also along the
road heading to the town center at Jalan Kubu and some pedestrian
pathway at the government offices located at Jalan Bukit Kerajaan.
These pedestrian pathways are located along the collector road in
Kuala Kubu Bharu, and most of it heading towards to the center of
the town itself.

The circulation of the pedestrian walkways in Kuala Kubu
Bharu was not well-planned. It can be seen in the commercial area
where the continuity of the pedestrian walkways was not strategic.
Based on the plan, the pedestrian walkways was not provided in
Jalan Dato‟ Tabal, Jalan Rasathurai, Jalan Kamaruddin and Jalan
Abdul Hamid. The provision of the pedestrian walkways actually
can help to boost the economy in Kuala Kubu Bharu. These
pedestrian walkways will encourage people to walk in front of the
shop houses and can attract them to buy the things sold in that
retails.

Based on the observation, the most of the pedestrian
walkways around the commercial area has been modified for the
parking area. Due to that, the size of the pedestrians walkways
were not longer appropriate for people to use it because of the size
is too small that can‟t enable people walking through it. Because of
that, people prefer moving from one place to another place by car
rather than just walking to their destination.

The design of the pedestrian walkways in Kuala Kubu
Bharu can be said as safe for the user because of the provision of
the railings along the walkways. It can prevent pedestrians from
involve in any accidents and also can avoid the snatch theft.
The sizes of the pedestrian walkways
which are not appropriate for people Railings provided along the
walking through it. pedestrian walkways.

254

Based on the analysis, there are also hardscape elements that have
potential to become the identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu. These
elements include the memorial clock of King George V and Queen
Elizabeth 1937 which located at Jalan Bukit Kerajaan, memorial
monument of King George V which located in front of Masjid Ar-
Rahimah and also the appreciation tower which located in front of
Merdeka Hall in Jalan Merdeka. All of these elements have their
own history related to Kuala Kubu Bharu.
All of these elements need to be improved in terms of the
image and softscape surrounding the area. From the observation
done, the surrounding areas of these three elements are not very
well-maintained. For example, the memorial clock and the
appreciation tower were covered by the larger tree nearby. It
prevents people from realizing the presence of these towers
because their sight has been blocked by the trees. The softscape
around these elements also has not very well highlighted. It needs
to be further enhanced so that people who come to Kuala Kubu
Bharu will notice the presence of these elements and become the
identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu.

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5.9.3 RECREATION

Due to “Garden City” concept, the main focus area of the Sports Complex
recreational activities is located at the center of the town. The total
area of the recreational area within the town is 28.78 acre which Syed Mashor Recreational Park

comprises of 1.28%. This area including the neighbourhood park
provided in the residential area. The largest park in Kuala Kubu
Bharu is Taman Merdeka recreational park which located along
Jalan Merdeka. The recreational area in Kuala Kubu Bharu consists
of:-

i. Bukit Kerajaan Recreational Park
ii. Jalan Merdeka Recreational Park
iii. Mini Stadium KKB Jalan Merdeka Recreational Park
iv. Sports Complex
v. Syed Mashor Recreational Park Stadium

Based on the observation, there are no elements that connect
between the open spaces. The circulation inside the park also is not
very well planned and there is also no clear entrance going to the
park. Besides that, chosen of the hardscape elements set up in the
park are not appropriate. There is also lack of parking spaces
provided within the park and less parking for busses and cars. The
Bukit Kerajaan Recreational Park
design of the park also is not user friendly for the disabled people
because there are no facilities provided for the disabled. By looking
at the existing condition of the parks, it is not well maintained and
managed. The activities provided within the park itself failed to
attract people come to the area. It is because there are no
interesting activities that can attract people to come.

256

Existing Condition
Bukit Kerajaan Recreational Park Syed Mashor Recreational Park Sports Complex
Area: 3.63 acre Area: 2.48 acre Area: 3.00 acre

Jalan Merdeka Recreational Park
Area: 4.75 acre

Stadium
Area: 6.38 acre

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Table 3.9.1 The hierarchy of the open spaces.
Hierarchy Recreation Area Development Components
Urban Park Bukit Kerajaan Recreational Park Playground
Jogging track
Gazebo
Outdoor gym
Bench

Jalan Merdeka Recreational Park Jogging track
Water features
Bench

Community Park Syed Mashor Recreational Park Playground
Futsal court
Tennis court
Bench

Neighbourhood Park Taman Ariff Playground
Taman Seri Teratai Futsal court
Taman Kuala Kubu Utama Badminton court
Taman Juta Football field
Rumah Murah Padang Tembak
Kg Asam Kumbang
Taman Seruling
Pocket Park In the intersection of Jalan Kubu and Jalan Bench
Dato‟ Tabal Dustbin
Lamppost
Softscape elements

259

Table 3.9.2 The character of “Garden City” in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Table 3.9.2 shows the character of “Garden City” in Kuala Kubu
Layer / ward Main Characteristics of „Garden City‟ Concept Land Use Components in Kuala Kubu Bharu Bharu that still can be seen nowadays. There are many “Garden
First layer / ward „Green Lung‟  Jalan Merdeka recreational park City” design elements were translated and applied in Kuala Kubu
In this layer, there are open spaces called center park. This  Jalan Bukit Kerajaan recreational park Bharu:-
park is a large recreational area for the community uses.  Stadium  Park belts and playground
 Syed Mashor recreational park  Visually attractive tree-planting treatment
Second layer /ward „Government Building‟  Hulu Selangor District Council (MDHS) in Jalan  Enhancing natural landscape views
All of the government buildings are located within this Bukit Kerajaan  Low density housing
area.  Hospital in Jalan Hospital  Town vista and views
 Schools in Jalan Sekolah  Sympathetic treatment of topography
 Police Station in Jalan Kubu  Separation of land uses
 Fire Station in Jalan Dato‟ Tabal
The town is surrounded and bordered by a number of mountains
 Court in Jalan Kubu
(Bukit Menggaru Mati, Bukit Batu Pahat, and Bukit Kutu)
Third layer / ward „Commercial Area‟  Shop houses
provides a scenic backdrop or picture postcard effect. There are
In this layer, there is commercial area where the business  Retails
also park belts that separate between the town centre and private
centre, shop houses, retail and bank provided.  Bank Kuala Kubu Bharu
Town Centre residential areas. Recreational complexes and schools occupy a
 Restaurant
large area of the park belts today. Based on the table …., Kuala
 Market
Kubu Bharu town was divided into 6 layers/wards. The
Fourth layer / ward „Residential Area‟  Residential area – Taman Juta, Taman Pesara,
development of the town started at the center of the town where the
In this area, the development of residential area began. The Taman Kuala Kubu Utama, Taman Seri Teratai,
main recreational area located. In other terms, it also was called as
residential area in this area consists of terraced houses and Taman Ariff, Taman Gamelan
“Greeen Lung”. Then, it surrounded by the government buildings
bungalow. There are also open spaces provided in these  Villages area – Kg Asam Kumbang, Kg Tun Abdul
and commercial area. This is the area where people are going to
residential areas. Razak, Kg Dagang Setia
work. After that, the development of the residential areas began
 Quarters – Military quarters, JKR quarters
and followed by the industrial area. The industry area is located in
Fifth layer / ward „Industrial Area‟  Factory in Jalan Pahang
the outer layer and far from the town centre due to the pollution
Industrial activities such as factory and warehouses are  In front of Kg Asam Kumbang
produces by this kind of activities. Finally, the Green Belt which
located in this layer. This kind of activities is located far
refers to the natural environment separates the Kuala Kubu Bharu
from the town center to decrease the pollution produces by
town with other town.
these activities.
Sixth layer / ward „Green Belt‟  By looking at the existing land use, Kuala Kubu
Green area is located in the outer layer where the area Bharu was surrounded by agriculture land and
refers to the natural environment surrounding the area. forest. This green area is a „Green Belt‟ for KKB.

260

ISSUES

ISSUES VERIFICATION PERILIMINARY ACTION
The main recreational area of the town are no This is due to the lack of parking spaces. The parks are not well maintained. Existing Build a large recreational area by combining all the small size of open
longer being used by the community condition of the park also very poor and lack of public facilities provided within the open spaces and provide a variety of activities within the park to attract
spaces. Besides that, the activity provided within the parks failed to attract people to people come.
come. There is also no connection between the open spaces.
The elements of landscape at the main entrance There is no clear landmark that shows the entrance to Kuala Kubu Bharu town. The Build a gateway at the main entrance to Kuala Kubu Bharu town. The
didn‟t produce the sense of welcoming for the elements of landscape set up at the entrance also not really well enhanced. landscape elements at the entrance as well as the commercial area
outside people to come to Kuala Kubu Bharu nearby are needed to be enhanced to give the positive image of the
town to the outside people.
The landscape elements in the commercial area The pedestrian walkways in front of the shop houses are not really well planned and also Planned the continuity of the pedestrian walkways in front of each row
which is the focal point for the community to gather very small in size that prevent people to use it. There is also no connection between the of shop houses. Convert all road around the commercial area into
are in poor condition. The elements of hardscape softscape elements and the hardscape elements. paving road and also increase the provision of landscape furniture
are not really well planned and cannot serve the around these area.
users need.

SWOT ANALYSIS

SECTOR STRENGTH WEAKNESSES OPPOURTINITY THREATS
Improve the urban image and vista of It could destroy the visual impact of the Can attract tourist to come to Kuala Kubu -
LANDSCAPE
Kuala Kubu Bharu town. town due to the poor maintenance. Bharu.
Can attract the outside people to come to - Can boost the economy value of Kuala -
RECREATION
Kuala Kubu Bharu Kubu Bharu.

262

ENVIRONMENT
3.10 ENVIRONMENT

INTRODUCTION SCOPE OF STUDY

Environment is the circumstances or conditions that surround a There are several elements on this sector which are: 4. Air quality

group of organism. It also can be defined as the complex of social
1. Topography and drainage pattern  Air monitoring stations (DoE)-location, number of stations
or cultural conditions that affect an individual or community. There
 Level of air quality index (Air Quality Index-API)
are some physical aspects that are going to be analyzed in this  Topographic pattern (highest peak; slope; land use
 Sources of pollution-e.g. Industrial areas
sector according to the scope of study which will be the parameters coverage)
to measure the quality of environment at the study area.  River basin (hectare or km2) 5. Noise level

 Upstream and downstream-river outlet
OBJECTIVE  Unit decibel (dBA)
 Water bodies (river, stream, pond, lake)
 Primary data-conduct fieldwork to record reading (location
 To identify the current environmental quality level of the  Main river and its tributaries
and number of stations)
study area and the overall development impact towards the
2. Climatic condition  Sources of pollution-vehicles; factory operation, „walit‟
environment.
bird etc.
 Temperature (0C/0F)-average mean readings (in
 To identify the topography of Kuala Kubu Bharu in order to
monthly/yearly) 6. Nuisance
determine the suitable land use to be developed on the study
 Humidity (%)-average level (monthly/yearly)
area.  Types of activities, e.g. piggery rearing, chicken farm,
 Rainfall (mm/month) dumping sites, quarrying operation etc.
 To identify the pattern and types of water bodies and its  Wind speed (knot; km/hr.) & prevailing wind (direction)  Location and number of stations of influential activities
quality including the pH value of the water as it is the main
3. River water quality  Consequences-affect community well-being and health
source for people to live.
project Kuala kubu Bharu
 To identify the pattern local climate in of the area in order  Water quality index (WQ)-yearly.
 6 parameters: pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological 7. Environmental sensitive areas (ESA)
to know the changing climate of the area
oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD),
nitrogen ammoniacal(NH3N) and total suspended solid
(TSS)
 Water monitoring station-location and number of stations

263

3.10.1 TOPOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE PATTERN

Data collected

Topography can be defined as the study of Earth's surface shape and feature. It is an important factor in
most land planning decisions. Three key attribute maps can be derived from a topographic survey. That
is elevation from mean sea level, landform and the classification of slope angles. The studying about the
landform of contour will produce the slope contour through the cross-section. This three finding are the
most important while producing the finding for topography. But, regarding to the SAP report, only the
pattern of landform of the study area will be analysing in order to relate with drainage/river system

Figure 2: legends to the topography map at figure 1

Figure 1: topography map (two dimensions)

Figure 3: topography map (three dimensions)

264

Data analysis and finding Data analysis and findings

Kuala Kubu Bharu has an elevation of roughly 50-80 metres above sea level. The elevation levels During site visit, there are a few water bodies that can be found which include few streams. Few pictures
decrease in a south fashion. Following nature‟s law of gravity, water also descends from the mountain have been snapped and some water samples have been taken. Instead of the types of hydrology, the types
peaks to the lowest elevation in the area. The rivers found on the site area are Sg. Kumbang, Sg. Kubu of water bodies, the water quality, and the flood plain area are being observed and identified.
and Sg. Kelempong. After conducting fieldwork by means of observation and reference to previous
studies relating with Kuala Kubu Bharu, the topography is a mostly flat in the middle part except Taman
Bukit Kerajaan. In short, the topography has no unique characteristic to it.

The highest point of the map is at the northwest of the site which is 124 meters from sea level and it is
near the commuter station and the lowest point is 56 metres which is at the quarters housing area near to
the hospital. The highest and lowest point can be refer to figure 1.

Water bodies/rivers are the most important element in the environmental ecosystem. The biodiversity
of the surrounding landscape depends on water for not just a source of hydration, but also habitat, food
source and to support human settlement and activities. In the case of towns and cities, the surface river
quality can indicate the well-being of the town or city.

Through primary data which is being obtained through site visit, it is found that there is one type
of water body which is stream. The existence of this water bodies has create impacts to the existence of
living things on the proposed site. This shows the importance of hydrology to balancing the
environment. The elements of water bodies here is natural.

Figure 4: Water bodies map

Sungai Selangor River Basin

The river basin has three main tributaries which are Sg, Kumbang, Sg. Kubu, and Sg. Kelempong. The
inlet of the water came from Pertak dam. The outlet of the river is at Selat Melaka.

Kuala Kubu Bharu has an elevation of roughly 50-80 metres above sea level. The elevation levels
decrease in a south fashion. Following nature‟s law of gravity, water also descends from the mountain
peaks to the lowest elevation in the area. Several rivers run northwards downstream, which indicate a
more in depth information about the topography. The rivers found on the map are Sg. Kubu,Sg.Kumbang
and Sg. Kelempong. Refer to map water bodies on the next page.

265

MAP OF water bodies

266

map of water flow

267

3.10.2 LOCAL CLIMATE The map shows six locations of places where the data of Secondary data acts to support the insufficiency of primary data. It
Data collected climate are being taken. The first point was a low area. The climate gives thorough and accurate details on the climate elements.
Local climate is one of the important elements in completing a site is slightly influenced by the surrounding area which is the Additional information about amount of rain, number of rainy
analysis. The aspects of local climate are the mean temperature, the residential area. days, mean temperature and a more precise data about wind
amount of rainfall and the mean humidity of the site. Every aspect direction are obtained from Malaysia Meteorology Department.
The second point is located far northern from the first point.
of climate has important roles in translating the suitability of Data provided are in numerical details, they are being summarized
The third location was at the north of the second point; the land
development in the area. by being made in graphic forms. The data obtained was the most
was low and even. Next, the fourth point was at a higher land, it
recent, year 2010.
Table 1: type of data was surrounded by trees. The location of the fifth point was a high
land also surrounded by trees. The last point which was the sixth Figure 5: temperature (secondary data)
Types of data Source
was the highest point among the chosen locations. The locations
Primary data The study area of Kuala Kubu
where data are taken will give a huge influenced on the results
Bharu. TemperatureºC
regarding especially the surrounding area and heights of the 28
Secondary data Department of Meteorology
locations. 27.5
Malaysia
Table 2: Temperature (primary data) 27

26.5
Data of local climate are partially provided by the LOCATIONS TIME HUMIDITY (%) TEMPERATURE( oC)

Department of Meteorology Malaysia and the rest of the data are 1 10.10 am 40.5 26.3 26

taken primarily on the site. The primary data includes the aspects 2 10.30 am 43.0 27.7 25.5
of humidity and temperature. These data were collected by using 3 10.59 am 46.6 26.8
25
the instrument named barometer. Meanwhile, the secondary data 4 11.00 am 83.0 28.8 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC

was provided by the Department of Meteorology Malaysia. The 5 11.08 am 75.0 30.2
data provided by the department are more thorough and precise. 6 11.15 am 74.0 30.5 Malaysian temperature averages from 21-29 degrees Celcius based
The station of the data collection is at the Hospital of Kuala Kubu on the graph shown, mean temperature of the area only ranges
Bharu. The data meant are mean temperature, amount of rainfall between 25.9oC until 27.7oC within a year. The highest
According to the table above, the lowest humidity identified on the
and mean humidity. The secondary data shows the mean of the temperature is recorded in February, while the coolest is at
site was 40.5% which was taken at a low land. The highest
aspects for 2006 to 2010. th September. It changes by the temperature of 1oC in the first month.
humidity in the area was 83.0%. The reading was taken at the 4
The readings of the climate elements were taken at many point on the map. The variation of the reading may be explained by The mean temperature then merely decrease and fall again within
different locations at different times. The chosen locations were the surrounding area of the location and time. Humidity of the two months. Then, it increases by 0.5oC in May, and decreases by
various from the lowest point on the site until the higher land areas study area was increased by time. It was low in the morning and 0.5oC in Jun. In July, the mean temperature maintained until
so the data would thoroughly cover if not whole, at least a huge increasing as it getting to afternoon. The average of the August and slightly decreases by 0.3oC in September Temperature
part of the study area. Instrument used in taking data of the temperature was 28.27o C. The temperature on site was slightly dropped dramatically from May to September which is probably
elements was barometer. The map (Figure) in the next page shows higher than the normal average temperature of Malaysia which is due to the monsoon season. Once again, the mean temperature
o
the locations data were taken from. 27 C.

268

rises in October and fall on November. At the end of the year, it repeated until the end of the year with less drastic changes in Humidity
increases by little. Basically the temperature of the area is not any number of rainy days between the months. The average number of
Figure 7: Humidity data
different than the normal average temperature in Malaysia which is rainy days in months for year 2010 is 19 days.
27oC.
Based on the graph above, Kuala Kubu Bharu has received a lot of Humidity %
86
Rainfall rainfall ranging from 6.5 ml to 335 ml in year 2010. The amount
84
of rainfall starts at 71.5 ml in January and decreases drastically in
Figure 6: Rainfall data
February with an increment of 6.5 ml. The pattern repeated until 82

Rainfall mm
December with different changes of rainfall amount. Typically, 80

400 Malaysia Peninsular experiences monsoon season from November 78
until the end of January. February is the driest month of the year average
350 76
as it received the least amount of water followed by January with
300 74
the reading of 71.5 ml. According to the graph, the study area in
250 72
the early half year has distinct changes of rainfall amount with the
Axis Title

200 other half. The study area basically received average amount of 70
JAN FEB MAR APR MAR JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
150 rainfall within the whole year.

100
Based on the graph above, the relative humidity throughout five
50
years only ranges between 75.1 to 82.8 percentages. The readings
0 were taken averagely from 2006 to 2010. The highest percentage is
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JULY AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
84.9% which is on November while the lowest percentage is 75.1

According to the data provided by the Department of Meteorology % on February. Such readings and observation could be the result

Malaysia, the study area received the least of 15 days of rainy days of the two monsoon season striking Malaysia every year. It can be

in one of the months in 2010 and the highest of 26 days, the same conclude that the humidity relates to the rainfall. Readings in

year. The number of rainy days in the early months of the year is November is the highest due to the start of the monsoon season.

little because the least number of rainy days is on February. The February is the least humidity level because there is less rainfall
number started increasing until Jun and decreasing again in July. during that month while November is the highest humidity level
However, the number increases again in August and slightly because it relates to the rainfall as well.
decreases in September. The numbers of rainy days decrease in the
next month. Then, it increases again, only more dramatically in the
next month. November contains the highest number of rainy days
in the year. Such readings and observation could be the result of
the two monsoon season striking Malaysia every year. The pattern

269

3.10.3 RIVER WATER QUALITY
Data collected
Table 4: shows the description of the class
According to the site, there are three main rivers on the site which are Sg. Kubu, Sg. Kelempung and Sg.
Kumbang. These rivers are the main subject of the study. Some of the parameters that have been
analyzed on the rivers and water bodies on the study area which are Biochemical Oxygen Demand Class Description
(BOD), Suspended Solid (SS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Ammoniacal Nitrogen (NH3-N), and pH. Water Class 1 Represent water bodies of excellent quality. Standards are set for the conservation of
natural environment in its undisturbed state. Water bodies such as those in the national
had been classified into Water Quality Level and Water Quality Index. The table 2 shows the standard of park areas, fountain-heads, and in the highlands and uninhabited areas comes under this
the water quality level that has been classified into 5 classes. category where strictly no discharge of any kind is permitted. Water bodies in this
category meet the most stringent requirements of human health and aquatic life
Table 3: River Water quality guideline protection.
Class 2 Represent water bodies of good quality. Most existing raw water supply sources come
Sources: Department of Irrigation and Drainage under this category. Class IIA standard are set on the basis of the developed for the
protection of human health and sensitive aquatic species known to exist in the waters. In
Parameters CLASS 1 2 3 4 5
practice, no body contact activity is allowed in these waters for the prevention of
Ammoniacal Mg/l <0.1 0.1- 0.3- 0-2.7 >2.7
transmission of probable human pathogens.
Nitrogen (NH3-N) 0.3 0.9
Class 3 Is defined with the primary objective of protecting common and moderately tolerant
Biochemical Mg/l <1.0 1-3 3-6 6-12 >12 aquatic species of economic value. Water under this classification may be used for water
Oxygen Demand supply with extensive/ advanced treatment. This class of water is also defined to suit
(BOD) livestock drinking needs.
Chemical Oxygen Mg/l <10 10-25 25-50 50- >100 Class 4 Defines water quality required for major agricultural irrigation activities which may cover
Demand (COD) 100 minor applications too sensitive crops.
Dissolved Oxygen Mg/l >7 5-7 3-5 1-3 <1 Class 5 This class represents other water, which does not meet of any of the usage mentioned
(DO) above.

pH >7 6-7 5-6 <5 >5
Suspended Mg/l <25 25-50 50- 150- >300
Solids(SS) 150 300
Water Quality WQI > 76.5- 51.9- 31.0- <31.0
Index 92.7 92.7 76.5 51.9

270

The formula for calculating the Water Quality Index (WDI) goes as follows: Table 5: shows average of water quality year 2009 (secondary data)

WQI= (0.22 x SIDO) + (0.19 x SIBOD) + (0.16 x SICOD) + (0.15 x SIAN) + (0.16 x SISS) + (0.12 x
SIpH) Time/month Parameters
Notes: Ammoniacal Biochemical pH Total
(NH3-N) oxygen demand suspended
SIDO = Sub-Index DO (in %)
(BOD) solid (TSS)
SIBOD = Sub-Index BOD January 0.05 4 7 216
SICOD = Sub- Index COD February 5.20 10 6.9 639
March 5.20 7 6.7 195
SIAN= Sub-Index NH3N
April 2.50 6 6.9 369
SISS = Sub-Index SS May 5.20 4 6.6 304
SIpH= Sub-Index pH June 0.07 3 7.3 254
July 0.09 2 6.7 117
August 1.6 7 6.5 499
September 1.1 7 6.4 648
October 0.55 2 6.4 1120
November 0.56 3 7.2 232
December 0.09 2 6.7 323
Average 2.4 5 6.7 410
Classes 4 3 2 5

Sources: Department of Irrigation and Drainage

Table 6: shows pH water from several different water bodies (primary data)

station 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
pH 6.14 6.29 6.51 6.13 6.19 6.14 6.17 6.37

271

Map water quality station

272

Data analysis and findings 3.10.4 AIR QUALITY
Data collected
Table 1 and 2 show the guidelines of water quality and then table 3 and 4 shows secondary and primary
In Malaysia, the air quality is monitored by a national‟s network of 51 air quality monitoring stations in
data. Based on table 4, that was the result from sample of the river water that have been taken from the
the whole country. In Kuala Kubu Bharu, the nearest position of the station is on the coordinate of N
site. There were eight point/places water sample been taken. It was from Sg. Kelempung, Sg. Kubu, and
03°41.267, E 101°31.466. This station is the nearest station to Kuala Kubu Baru.
Sg. Kumbang. Those stations of water sample can be seen on Map 1. There are also formula to calculate
the water quality index. Six parameters need to be combined and need to be adding to come out the There are five air pollutants used as a parameter in computing the air pollution index (API) which
result of water quality index. However, there have only four parameters have been provided. So, the are ozone (O3), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), and
analysis will be based on those four parameters which are; ammoniacal (NH3-N), Biochemical Oxugen particulate matter less than 10 microns in size (PM10). The API is categorized as good, moderate,
Demand, pH, and total solid suspended. unhealthy, very unhealthy and hazardous as presented in Table 5.

Regarding to the table 3, we can see that the class of each parameters are different. Ammonical is under Table 7: shows the API categorised
class four, the BOD is under class3, ph water under class 2 and the worst is total solid suspended under
API Status
class 5. The average classes fall under class 3. The water quality falls under class 3 which is categorized
0-50 Good
as water that may be used for water supply with extensive/ advanced treatment. This class of water is
51-100 Moderate
also defined to suit livestock drinking needs.
101-200 Unhealthy
Knowing the water quality of the water bodies in the proposed site is one of the important steps in 201-300 Very Unhealthy
site analysis. Knowing the pH of the water able to help in identifying the contaminated water bodies, it
>300 Hazardous
also assist in searching for the source of the pollution, as well as helping in curing the polluted
environment.

To preserved water bodies needs a lot of sacrifice and may bring cost to the development but the
importance of water bodies cannot be denied. As a part of the environment, water bodies like stream and Table 8: shows API year 2006 and 2010
river gives so many things to the habitats like food and water itself. Moreover, water bodies can be a
Month/ Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
natural drainage to flow water. The proper development to the water bodies area might change its‟ Year
function as a source of water into recreational area without neglect its‟ original function. 2006 Minimum 16 18 24 13 20 21 30 21 24 18 18 21
API
Maximum 45 38 54 44 95 60 110 110 123 110 44 49
API
Average 30.5 28 39 28.5 57.5 40.5 70 65.5 73.5 64 31 35

2010 Minimum 20 26 25 27 30 25 21 20 23 23 18 18
API
Maximum 60 75 73 64 128 100 90 90 54 61 80 78
API
Average 40 50.5 49 45.5 79 62.5 55.5 55 38.5 42 49 48

273

Figure 8 : Shows the graph of Average of Air Pollution Index The air quality in Kuala Kubu Bharu is not so bad with the exceptional for some unhealthy ones.
The activities in Kuala Kubu Bharu are being held in a good way which they do not contribute much in
polluting the air and because there is less industrial sector at the site area. Kuala Kubu Bharu' air quality
can be considered as satisfactory since it there are places in Malaysia which the air quality status mostly
Average Air Pollution Index in Kuala Kubu Bharu, compromise of the moderate one and less good one to compare with other places in Malaysia,. This
Year 2006 and 2010 quality should be maintained because there is less places in Malaysia nowadays have a good air
90 quality.In a nutshell, regarding to the analysis, all types of development are suitable in the area.
80

70
Air Pollution Index (API)

60

50

40 2006
2010
30

20

10

0

Data analysis and findings

Data of API in the year of 2006 and 2010 was taken to make a comparison of the recent API and the
years before that. Table 6 shows the maximum and minimum Air Pollution Index in Kuala Kubu Bharu
for the year 2006 and 2010. The data then graphed in average as presented in table 6.

Referring to table 6, the maximum API for both years 2006 and 2010 falls in the category of
unhealthy where both records the API of above 100. However, the unhealthy API in the year 2010 was
only recorded on the month of May as if to compare with the year 2006, there were 4 months; July until
October recorded the API above 100. This shows an improvement for the air quality in term of
decreasing number of unhealthy days in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

274

3.10.5 NOISE LEVEL Table 10: location of station and the readings of noise level on nuisance to the housing area. It also same as the station six and
Data collected Saturday, 15th October 2011. seven, where there is the housing area of Kg. Baru Assam

In Malaysia, there is a guideline specifically for noise level which Kumbang and Taman Selesa. As for the fourth station which is
Station/places Time Decibel
is „The Planning Guideline for Environmental Noise Limits and Masjid Ar-Rahimah, the noise level were taken to identify whether

Control‟. In this guideline, it has provided the allowable reading 1. Dataran KKB 9.00-9.20am 73.5 the noise level can be nuisance to the community or not because

measurement for different land uses. This guideline also helps in that is where community gathers to pray. The fifth station which is
2 Station KTM 9.20-.40am 86
deciding the suitable land use according to its noise level in at Taman Bukit Kerajaan was gathered due to the traffic and as for

planning an area. Table 3 shows the maximum permissible sound 3 Taman Seri 9.40-10.00am 68.3 the last stations which are eight and nine, the noise level were also

level of receiving land use. Teratai taken due to the same reason which is to identify whether it gives
nuisance to communities. Since the data taken was in the morning,
Table 9: shows the maximum permissible sound level of receiving 4 Masjid 10.00-10.20am 71.2
the noise level that a maximum permissible sound level of
land use for planning and new development ArRahimah
receiving should be around 65 dB. The average data for the site is

Receiving land use Day time Night time 5 Taman Bukit 10.20-10.40am 76.8 74 dB which exceeds the permissible sound level. It can be
category 7:00 a.m. – 10:00 p.m. – 7:00 Kerajaan concluded that the site area is noisy even though there is less
10:00 p.m. a.m.
Noise Sensitive Areas, 50 dB (A) 40 dB(A) industrial sectors. The readings are quite the same for the weekdays
6 Kg. Baru Asam 10.40-11.00am 72.3
Low Density Residential, so the data of readings on the weekdays are not included.
Institutional (School, Kumbang
Hospital) and Worship As conclusion, regarding to the projection; the number of
Areas 7 Taman Selesa 11.00-11.20am 73.8
population will increase same goes to the vehicles on the road. So,
Suburban Residential ( 55 dB (A) 45 dB (A)
8 Commercial area 11.20-11.40am 71.6 the number of decibel unit automatically will increase and disturb
Medium Density) Areas,
Public Spaces, Parks and community especially at the hosing area. Based on the analysis, the
Recreational Areas 9 Commercial area 11.40-12.00pm 71.8
instalment or improvement of buffer zone is recommended.
Urban Residential (High 60 dB (A) 50 dB (A)
Density) Areas and
Designated Mixed
Data analysis and findings
Development Areas
(Residential-
Based on the observation and interview from local people, Kuala
Commercial)
Commercial Business 65 dB (A) 55 dB (A) Kubu Baru is quite a noisy place. As the evidence to the statement
Zones above, the reading of the noise had been taken. The main subject is
Designated Industrial 60 dB (A) 60 dB (A) the area along main road, Jalan Pahang on Saturday, 15th October
Zones
.Sources: The Planning Guidelines for Environmental Noise Limits 2011. Other than that, the area around station KTM also becomes

and Control the subject.

The third station is housing area, Taman Seri Teratai. The main
purpose is to identify either the noise from the main road give

275

Map noise level

276

ISSUES

On Issue Verification Preliminary recommendation
 Stream being polluted by domestic waste.  Solid waste from commercial and hosing been throw to the  Three main streams on the study area need
stream. have treatment before joining with Sg.
Selangor.
 Management of drainage and water bodies
needs to be improved.

SWOT ANALYSIS

ASPECT STRENGTH WEAKNESS OPPORTUNITY THREAT

Environment  Mostly, all of the elements of environment ---  Regarding to the local climate, air and  Solid waste from stream of the area
(local climate, air and noise) are noise all of development can be can give effect to the health of
satisfactory and all of type development developed. people.
can be done.  The pattern of topography and natural
 The site is mostly low land area and in condition in Kuala Kubu Baru could
suitable degree of slope for development. become attraction to people to migrate.

277

3.11 TOURISM

INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVE FINDING AND ANALYSIS

The tourism sector is one of the main catalysts in 1. To identify the categories of tourism attraction in the area 3.11.1 CATEGORIES OF TOURISM
generating economic growth in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Viewed from of Kuala Kubu Bharu in term of tourism products, elements EXISTING CATEGORIES OF TOURISM
the aspect of the potential and ability, the ability of tourism of tourism products and the assessment of tourism product.
The study area consists of three (3) tourism categories that are: -
development in Kuala Kubu Bharu is expected to be a positive 2. To identify the tourism facilities and infrastructure in term
impact on future economic growth. of the accommodation and the supporting facilities. i. Eco – tourism
ii. Agro – tourism
3. To identify the tourist arrival and origin in order to know
Kuala Kubu Bharu has a great potential to be a major iii. Heritage & Culture tourism
the tourism service.
tourist transit. This is because the road conditions are good with The area of Kuala Kubu Bharu had been categorized into 3
less crooked bend, the size of a wider road and a shorter distance. different categories which are eco-tourism, agro-tourism and
These factors provide comfort to the tourists and hence become heritage & culture tourism. The categorized tourism had been
SCOPE OF STUDY
their preferred route. The potential should be exploited in determined based on the existing potential for tourism sector on the
intelligent and optimal way by the Local Authorities of Kuala Scope of Study One: Categories of Tourism site.
Kubu Bharu to raise the economic resources and promote tourism
A category of tourism involves the existing categories of tourism Kuala Kubu Bharu has great prospects to become a transit point
products available in Kuala Kubu Bharu and its surroundings.
in the area. It is identified by the potential that has been produced because it has a potential range of travel products featured. Kuala
Kuala Kubu Bharu also serves as a transit city to the by the tourism sector of Kuala Kubu Bharu. Kubu Bharu can be used as the starting point of travel activities for
surrounding areas. Some tourist destinations that can be found are its strategic location.
Scope of Study Two: Accommodation
in the area of Kuala Kubu Bharu, the area adjacent to it and also
Eco – tourism is the main category that dominates the tourism
outside Kuala Kubu Bharu. The tourism industry has a strong The accommodation of tourism sector is determined in order to
sector in Kuala Kubu Bharu. This is because Kuala Kubu Bharu is
outlook in terms of long-term because it has many tourism provide a good service to the tourist. It is identified by the existing
a rural area which mostly consists of natural environment that
products that have not featured on a commercial basis. Therefore, type of accommodation in Kuala Kubu Bharu.
provides comforting surrounding to be enjoyed by local people and
detailed information and studies will be made to identify the
Scope of Study Three: Tourist Arrival tourist. The products of eco – tourism that can be found in Kuala
strengths, opportunities and potential of each tourism product.
Kubu Bharu are waterfalls, river basin and hot springs. All of these
The data of tourist arrival is needed to expect the demand and
But most importantly, each level of sustainability of places give the tourist the chance to explore and appreciate the
supply of tourism sector in present and future. This is to ensure that
tourism products in generating the economic growth of population nature through various activities such as camping, rafting, jungle
the demand supplied is adequate and parallel with the number of
and area of Kuala Kubu Bharu shall be determined at the end of tracking and many more.
tourist in Kuala Kubu Bharu.
this study. However, the proposal and appropriate measures will
be identified so that the tourism industry as a whole will strengthen
the development economy Kuala Kubu Bharu and district economy
in general.

278

Second category of tourism is Agro – tourism. It is based on the agriculture activities like breeding CATEGORIES OF TYPE OF PRODUCT TOURISM ATTRACTION
and home stay at the site. The existing Santuari Ikan, Sungai Chilling can be the potential for agro TOURISM
Eco – tourism 1. Waterfalls 1. Chilling waterfalls
tourism where the tourists have the chance to carry out an activity such as feeding fish. Home stay in Kg.
2. River basin 2. Kuala Kubu Bharu Hot Spring
Gerachi Jaya and Kg. Pertak are also one of the Agro – tourism products. At the home stay, tourist can 3. Hot springs
watch the „orang asli‟ traditional hunting activities that use the skills of blowpipes, fishing and searching
Agro tourism 1. Home stays 1. Kg. Pertak dan Kg. Gerachi Jaya
for natural source in the jungle. All these activities will provide experience for tourists about the 2. Breeding 2. Santuari Ikan Sg. Chilling
uniqueness of the „orang asli‟ way of life.
Heritage & Culture 1. Old buildings 1. - Balai Bomba
2. Historical monuments - Old commercial buildings
The third category which is Heritage & Culture tourism covers most of the tourism spot at town
3. Tower - Police quarters
center. This is because Kuala Kubu Bharu has many old building and monuments that reflects the 2. Memorial monuments
of Cecil Reade
historical value of the town itself. The buildings and monuments that have been identified to be the
3. - Clock tower
potential heritage into tourist attractions is the old building of fire station, commercial building, police - Appreciation tower
quarters, clock tower and Masjid Al-Hidayah that survives from flood that occurs in 1883.

Table 1.1 shows the categories of tourism in Kuala Kubu Bharu while table 1.2 shows the existing
tourism attraction located inside and outside boundary of study area in Kuala Kubu Bharu Table 1.1: The categories of tourism in Kuala Kubu Bharu

279

Table 1.2: The location of tourism in Kuala Kubu Bharu inside and outside boundary of study area

Tourism Attraction location POTENTIAL FROM EXISTING CATEGORIES OF TOURISM
inside boundary outside boundary
The existing categories of tourism in Kuala Kubu Bharu had been determined by identifying
i. Kuala Kubu Bharu Night Market 
ii. Historical Elements the areas of specific potentials and attractions. The potentials of the areas are to be exposed and
a. Old Fire Station  branded through their categories by applying recommended approach and programs to the area. For
b. Old commercial buildings 
c. Police quarters  example, the area that had been identified under the category of eco-tourism can be branded as Eco -
d. Clock tower  Zone and being implemented with interesting activities to encourage tourist to explore the natural
e. Appreciation tower 
f. Memorial monuments of Cecil  environment in the area.
Reade
iii. Millenium Park  EXISTING TOURISM ACTIVITIES / DEVELOPMENT
iv. Orang Asli‟s Village
a. Kg. Pertak  Kuala Kubu Bharu has several existing tourism activities and development. These existing
b. Kg. Gerachi Jaya 
v. Mahseer Fish Sanctuary, Sungai Chiling  tourism activities and development includes the major attractions and existing activities in the study
vi. Kuala Kubu Bharu Hot Spring  area. The existing tourism activities and development are Kuala Kubu Bharu Night Market, Old Fire
vii. Selangor Dam 
Station building, Old commercial buildings, Police quarters, Clock tower, Appreciation tower,
viii. Fraser Hill 
Memorial monuments of Cecil Reade, Millenium Park, Orang Asli‟s Village, Mahseer Fish
*The location is within 40km from the town center of Kuala Kubu
Bharu. Sanctuary Sungai Chiling, Kuala Kubu Bharu Hot Spring, Selangor Dam, White Water Rafting and
Fraser Hill. The heritage buildings at the town center like Monument of Cecil Reade, clock tower and
appreciation tower that become the landmark of Kuala Kubu Bharu, is the significance of the
elements of urban design. It is under the elements of landmarks in urban design.

MAJOR ATTRACTIONS

It is found that there are five major attractions in Kuala Kubu Bharu and those are Millenium
Park, Orang Asli‟s Village, Mahseer Fish Sanctuary Sungai Chiling, Kuala Kubu Bharu Hot spring
and Selangor Dam.

These five major attractions had been identified through readings from secondary data,
observation and from the Internet where most websites related to tourism mention about these
attractions when promoting Kuala Kubu Bharu.

280

3.11.4.1.5 FINDING & ANALYSIS ON TOURISM ATTRACTION LOCATED INSIDE BOUNDARY

Map ain

281

3.11.4.1.6 FINDING & ANALYSIS ON TOURISM ATTRACTION LOCATED OUTSIDE BOUNDARY

Map anis

289

3.11.2 ACCOMMODATION 7 air-conditioned No.1, Jalan Budget hotel 5 15
Existing accommodation in Kuala Kubu Bharu rooms Kamaruddin ,
Kuala Kubu Baru,
Based on the observation, there are a few hotels at the Kuala Kubu Bharu which are located in the town 44000
centre. The accommodations at Kuala Kubu Bharu are not fully occupied and there are less people stay Selangor Darul
Ehsan
at the hotels. Other than that, there is one rest house found in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

HOTEL NAME NO OF LOCATION SERVICE OCCUPANCY RATE
ROOMS LEVEL PER MONTH ( % ) Hotel Wing Wah
Weekdays Weekends
6 air-conditioned The Golden Guest house 20 60 6rooms 44, Jalan Budget hotel 5 10
rooms Goose, Kamaruddin ,
Kuala Kubu Baru,
Jalan Dato‟ 44000 Selangor
Balai, Kuala Darul Ehsan
Kubu Bahru,

44000
Selangor
Hotel Hai Hin

The Golden Goose
Guest House 12 rooms Rumah Rehat Rest house 30 85
Kuala Kubu Bharu,
 8
standard Jalan Padang Golf,
21 air- Hotel Sri Budget hotel 10 40 rooms
conditioned Melati, Kuala Kubu Bharu
rooms  3 deluxe
Jalan Mat Kuala Kubu Bharu rooms
Kilau, Rest House
 1 suite
Kuala Kubu
Bharu, Average 14 42

44000
Selangor
Based on the table above, it shows the hotels and other accommodation in Kuala Kubu Bharu. There are
four budget hotels and one rest house in Kuala Kubu Bharu. The total rooms of all accommodations are
Hotel Sri Melati
52 rooms. From the observation and study; the accommodation in Kuala Kubu Bharu is not fully
occupied. The total occupancy rate per month in weekdays is 14 and the total occupancy rate in
weekends is 42. For the rest house, the occupancy rates during weekends are higher but not for the other
hotels.

295

Hotel Hai Hin

Hotel Sri Melati

Hotel Wing Wah

Hotel Golden Goose

Kuala Kubu Rest
House

296

3.11.3 PROFILE AND TOURIST ARRIVAL IN KUALA KUBU BHARU
In this subtopic, it is about the profile and current arrival of tourist in Selangor state and Kuala Kubu
From the chart above, it shows that the total tourist arrival to Kuala Kubu Bharu from 2001 to 2010.
Bharu. The data for tourist arrival in Kuala Kubu Bharu has been gained through the distribution of
Based on the chart, the total number of domestic (Malaysian) tourist was increasing from year 2001 until
questionnaires that have been given around to 50 visitors in Kuala Kubu Bharu.The data for tourist
2003 and start to decreased in year 2004.However, from 2005 until 2010 the number of domestic tourist
includes the origin of tourist, duration of visit and purpose of coming to Kuala Kubu Bharu.
was increasingly continuously. For the foreign/international tourist, it shows that the number was
increasing from year 2001 to 2003 and decreased in year 2004. But, in year 2005, it start increasing until

TOURIST ARRIVAL IN SELANGOR IN YEAR 2001-2010 year 2010.

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Domestic 1,584, 1,948, 2,024, 1,794, 2,355, 2,781, 3,060, 3,075, 3,248, 3,245,
(Malaysi 034 577 989 530 613 260 651 889 961 659 Survey of tourism sector and supporting facilities in Kuala Kubu Bharu
an)
Foreign / 1,150, 1,325, 1,708, 1,290, 1,603, 2,145, 2,254, 2,601, 2,398, 2,588,
Internati 465 228 258 680 186 647 679 332 680 199
onal TOURIST ORIGIN
TOTAL 2,734, 3,273, 3,733, 3,085, 3,958, 4,926, 5,315, 5,677, 5,647, 5,833,
499 805 247 210 799 907 330 221 641 858
% 19.72 14.03 - 28.32 24.45 7.88% 6.81% - 3.29%
Change % % 17.36 % % 0.51% 6%
% 24%
Source:tourism Selangor 30%
international

TOURIST ARRIVAL IN SELANGOR IN YEAR klang valley

2001-2010 hulu selangor resident
40% other state
3500000

3000000

2500000
no. oof tourist

2000000

DOMESTIC(MALAYSIANS) Source: Fieldwork, Planning Studio 3, 11/12
1500000
FOREIGN/INTERNATIONAL
Based on the survey results, from the pie chart above, most of the tourist in Kuala Kubu Bharu is local
1000000
tourist that came from Hulu Selangor district which is 40%,20 out of 50 peoples. Followed by the tourist
500000 that came from Klang Valley, 30% equal with 15 peoples visited Kuala Kubu Bharu for the adventurous
0 activity that is White Water Rafting at Sungai Selangor then they stop by at Kuala Kubu Bharu for meal
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 .International tourist is very less number which is 6%, 3 peoples visiting Kuala Kubu Bharu and the
years
rest,24%,12 peoples came from other state. From the survey also, found that the most peoples want to
travel to Bukit Fraser will come to KKB first to buy foods and other needs. So that, it shows that Kuala
Kubu Bharu functions as transit for the visitors.

297

Fifty respondents in Kuala Kubu Bharu area have been asked for supporting facilities of tourism places With all the data gained through the survey, it can be concluded that most of the tourists who comes to
by the distribution of questionnaire. This is important as to find out the potential and the problem of the Kuala Kubu Bharu spend less than 24hours time being there. Besides that, through the survey, it has
tourism area. There are a few aspects in the questionnaire, such as accessibility, hygiene, been identified that most of them come to KKB by using own vehicles as the lacking of public transport
accommodation and etc. service in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Based on the survey result, most people satisfied with the supporting
facilities that have been provided at the area. . But, the provision of the supporting facilities still in low
level and can‟t give total maximum comfort to the tourists. For the accommodation quality aspect, it

RATING OF SUPPORTING FACILITIES ON TOURISM shows that it is in low level. So, it should be upgraded to attract the tourist to come to Kuala Kubu
40 Bharu.

35

30

25
no of respondents

20
excellent
15 good
satisfactory
10 poor
very poor
5

0

aspects of supporting faacilities

Source: Fieldwork, Planning Studio 3, 11/12

298

POTENTIAL OF TOURISM SECTOR IN
KUALA KUBU BHARU BASED ON SURVEY

Based on the survey that has been done at Kuala Kubu Bharu, the
POTENTIAL OF TOURISM SECTOR IN KUALA KUBU BHARU
people over there were asked about their opinion on the potential of tourism
25
sector for Kuala Kubu Bharu in future. There are five (5) types of potential
that can be chosen that are shopping centers, heritage and culture, nature,
food and recreations.

Most visitors that had been interviewed during the surveys are local
20
people and only a few of foreigners. It is found that heritage and culture
has the highest rating and highly recommended to be the potential tourism
sector of Kuala Kubu Bharu. Nature also has been the second recommended
option as Kuala Kubu Bharu is surrounded by natural environment that can

15
leads to eco – tourism. Recreation and food have slightly the same demand
from the people while the least option is shopping centers. From the
No. of respondent

Highly Recommended
interview, they said that shopping center is not needed because they wanted
Recommended
to maintain the area to be peace and harmony without any congestion and
Average
crowded place.
Less Recommended
10
Not Recommended

5

0
Shopping Center Heritage Nature Food Recreation
Potential

Source: Fieldwork, Planning Studio 3, 11/12

Graph 13. : Potential of tourism sector in Kuala Kubu Bharu based on survey

299

INVENTORY FOR TOURISM

LEVEL OF PRODUCT VISUAL QUALITY ACCESIBILITY SUPPORTING FACILITIES
PRODUCT PRODUCT SERVICE ACTIVITY /AMENITIES ACCOMODATION
CATEGORY OCCUPANCY RATE
INTER- LOCAL 1 2 3 1 2 3
NATIONAL
ECO – TOURISM Chilling Waterfall  -fishing   -Road network/accessibility Peak season
-camping -Infrastructure & utilities
-Water Sports
-Jungle
Tracking
Selangor Dam  -Flora/Fauna   -Road network/accessibility Peak season
- Accommodation
Observing
- Infrastructure & utilities
-fishing
-picnicking

Kuala Kubu Hot  - Picnicking   N/A Off – peak season
Spring

AGRO TOURISM Santuari Ikan Sg.  -Picnicking   -Road network/accessibility Peak season
Chilling
- Flora/Fauna -Infrastructure & utilities
Observing
Kg. Pertak dan Kg.  -Home stay   -Road network/accessibility Off – peak season
Gerachi Jaya - Accommodation
- Infrastructure & utilities

HERITAGE & Masjid Al- Hidayah  -Worship place   -Road network/accessibility Off – peak season
CULTURE -Infrastructure & utilities
-Balai Bomba  - Cultural   -Road network/accessibility Off – peak season
-Old commercial
- Education
buildings
-Police quarters
- Memorial
monuments
of Cecil Reade

-Clock tower  - Cultural   -Road network/accessibility Off – peak season
-Appreciation tower
- Education

300

Product Category: Factors of Attraction: j- Education Activities : 8-Extreme Sport Visual Quality : Supporting Facilities/Amenities
a- Natural Environment a-Beach k- Business Complex 1-Jungle Trekking 9- Cultural 1-Great 1-Road network/accessibility
b- Manmade b-Handcraft l- Museum 2-Flora/Fauna Observing 10-Shopping 2-Satisfactory 2- Accommodation
c- Historical & Heritage c-Fishing Village 3-Rock Climbing 11-Homestay 3- Poor 3- Infrastructure & utilities
d- Lifestyle & Leisure d-Seafood Level 4-Camping 12-Education
e- Agro-tourism e- River a)Local 5-Fishing 13-Seafood Centre Accessibility : Accommodation Occupancy Rate
f- Eco Tourism f- Rainforest b)International 6-Picnic 14-Worship place 1-Great 1- Peak season
g-Others g- Mangrove 7-Water Sports 2-Satisfactory 2- Off – peak season
h-Flora & Fauna 3- Poor
I –Eateries

Based on the inventory survey that has been done at assessment except it is catered more for local tourist. In Lastyly, the inventory survey was done on heritage and
Kuala Kubu Bharu, it is found that all the tourism attraction addition, Kuala Kubu Bharu Hot spring has the worst culture site which the tourism attraction is mostly situated in the
has an average outcome where most of the rating is at two assessment where it has a very poor visual quality and town center of Kuala Kubu Bharu. Most of the tourism attractions
(2). As for the categories of eco – tourism, there are three accessibility. The supporting facilities are also not provided that is Masjid Al- Hidayah (which survided from the 1st flood in
(3) different places that have been surveyed. During Peak and the occupancy rate at this area is at off – peak season. 1883), Balai Bomba, Old commercial buildings, Police quarters,
season, Chilling Waterfall‟s level of product service is Memorial monuments of Cecil Reade, Clock tower
Secondly for the categories of agro – tourism, Kg
catered more for international tourist. This is because; and Appreciation tower has the average rating on tourism
Pertak and Kg Gerachi Jaya is an aboriginal settlement after
Chilling Waterfall has a very magnificent waterfall with assessment area. It is catered for local tourist where it provides
their homes was demolished for the completion of Selangor
serene view and makes it has the best visual quality. They information and history about the town itself. The activities are
Dam. Here, they provide a homestay that always catered
also offer many activities such as camping, fishing, water mostly for worshipping, cultural and education. It has a poor visual
for international tourist. This is because the settlement is
sports and jungle tracking but with satisfactory accessibility. quality as well as accessibility. Luckily, the road network is in
surrounded by nature that helps in attract the tourist to come
Chilling Waterfall is provided with adequate facilities where good condition. All in all, tourism sector in Kuala Kubu Bharu has
here.
it has a prayer room, changing room and also toilets. an average rating which should be improved in future to developed
Besides that, Selangor dam has the same inventory the town to be more lively and vibrant.

301

ISSUES AND POTENTIAL give problem for a first timer tourist in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Therefore, the potential for these
issues is that a more comprehensive tourism promotion should be introduced at national level
Generally, issues and potentials have been discovered throughout the study and analysis of
in order to expand the existing tourism market. A tourism information center also should be
tourism sector in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Survey forms also have been distributed to the tourist
provided to promote the tourism attraction at that area. Furthermore, a promotion on tourism
regarding issues and problems that the tourist experienced in Kuala Kubu Bharu. The survey is
can be done by offering varieties of tourism activities in a tourism package.
based on fifty (50) respondents in the area of Kuala Kubu Bharu. Therefore, the potential of the
issues and problems have been identified in order to do a recommendation or suggestion plan on  Accommodation
tourism sector on that area.
Based on the survey, it is informed that the tourist is not satisfied with the existing
accommodation in Kuala Kubu Bharu. This is because it only provides budget hotel and
rest house with unsatisfactory services. Therefore, at least 3-stars hotel with good services
Issues and Problems of Tourism in Kuala is to be built in order to be parallel with market demand.
Kubu Bharu
 Public Facilities
Tourism Promotion
At Kuala Kubu Bharu, the tourism area is lack of public facilities like prayer room, public
toilets and others. If there is provided, the public facilities and infrastructure is
Issues & Problems

Public Facilities
24% unmaintained and it is bad condition. The imbalance provision of basic facilities and
18% infrastructure will result in the level of tourism services that are less than satisfactory
Public Transport 22% level. A well maintenance of public facilities and infrastructure is important to provide
36% comfort to the tourist while visiting their tourism destination.

Accommodation
 Public transport

0 5 10 15 20
No. of respondent It is analysed that there are less public transport that is provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu.
The only public facilities provided is bus and train which did not enter into town centre as
Graph 13. : Issues and Problems of tourism in Kuala Kubu Bharu well as the other area of tourism spot. This matter gives difficulty especially to the tourists
who travel by public transport to visit these areas. This aspect should be improved and
enhanced so that it facilitates travel for visitors and encourage them to visit the other
 Tourism Promotion tourist areas and not concentrated in town centre only.

It is found that 36% of the respondent state that tourism promotion is the main issue of the
tourism sector in Kuala Kubu Bharu. This is because there is less promotion on tourism sector
where there are no signboards as well as tourism information centre in that area. This will

302

Table 1.3: The issues for the tourism sector in Kuala Kubu Bharu as it has been identified.

NO. ISSUE VERIFICATION ACTION
1. Less promotion on tourism sector as well as There is no tourism signboards that can show the place of A comprehensive tourism promotion should be introduced
tourism information centre in that area. tourism attraction and no tourism information centre is provided at national level in order to expand the existing tourism
that gives difficulty to the tourist that came first time to the area. market. A tourism information centre also should be
provided to promote the tourism attraction at that area.
Furthermore, a promotion on tourism can be done by
offering varieties of tourism activities in a tourism package.

2. No provision of high class accommodation with Kuala Kubu Bharu only provides budget hotel and rest house At least 3-stars hotel with good services is to be built in
good services. with unsatisfactory services. It also only concentrated at the town order to be parallel with market demand.
centre.

3. At Kuala Kubu Bharu, the tourism area is lack of There are no basic public facilities like prayer room, public A well maintenance and provision of public facilities and
public facilities especially for the tourist. toilets and others. If there is provided, the public facilities and infrastructure is important to provide comfort to the tourist
infrastructure is unmaintained and it is bad condition. The while visiting their tourism destination.
imbalance provision of basic facilities and infrastructure will
result in the level of tourism services that are less than
satisfactory level.

4. It is analysed that there are less public transport The only public facilities provided is bus and train which did not This aspect should be improved and enhanced so that it
that is provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu. enter into town centre as well as the other area of tourism spot. facilitates travel for visitors and encourage them to visit the
This matter gives difficulty especially to the tourists who travel other tourist areas and not concentrated in town centre only.
by public transport to visit these areas.

5. The identity of tourism in Kuala Kubu Bharu is There are no significance monument of Kuala Kubu Bharu that Create an element or products that can be made attractions
less clear because of the absence of can attract the tourist to feel eager to come there. and tourism identity to Kuala Kubu Bharu.
a prominent niche product.

303

SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTH WEAKNESS OPPORTUNITY THREAT
 Kuala Kubu Bharu is surrounded  Kuala Kubu Bharu is lack of  Tourism package should be  Buildings that have historical value
by natural environments. Therefore promotion for tourism sector. There introduced to promote the tourism should be preserved and provide
the tourism sectors mostly offered are no signboards to get to the attraction in Kuala Kubu Bharu. maintenance to make it sustainable.
the category of eco-tourism. It is tourism destination. This will give  Provision of recreational and public  Development in the area that is near
the strength for Kuala Kubu Bharu problem for the tourist that came first facilities will be able to attract more the river should be controlled in order
because it can be exploited to be a time to Kuala Kubu Bharu. visitors to the tourism place. to not interfere with ecosystem.
recreational place.  The potential tourism place does not  Kuala Kubu Bharu still has many
 Kuala Kubu Bharu also does not provide adequate public facilities for natural sources that have not been
only focus on eco-tourism, it also tourist. exploited. Therefore, these sources
provides agro – tourism which  The accommodations provided at can be promoted to be a potential
helps in balancing the ecosystem. Kuala Kubu Bharu are only budget tourism spot as well as generating the
 Kuala Kubu Bharu has many hotels and Rest House. This economy in Kuala Kubu Bharu.
historical elements at town centre. accommodation does not give
It attracts the tourist for them to satisfaction to the tourist as they need
get to know the significance of the a more comfortable place to stay.
town.

PRELIMINARY RECOMMENDATIONS ii. Improve the accommodation and basic amenities for  Tourism promotion that is more comprehensive and
tourist effective in national and international level should
i. Enhancement of the existing tourism products
 The planning and management of tourism products be made to expand the existing tourism market.
 To introduce visitors to the tourism products
available and potential need to be developed in a Different approach in this campaign is done by
available around the Kuala Kubu Bharu, a program
systematic and orderly manner to ensure that they have giving more emphasis and focus on the target group.
of Tour Packages must be introduced. The travel
high competitiveness and can become tourist attractions in In addition, the emphasis on international
package that has been introduced is seen as a
the future. Tourism management also should improve the promotion should be made to encourage them to
potential to introduce new tourism products and the
provision of basic amenities and tourism infrastructure. come and travel at Kuala Kubu Bharu. This needs to
one that are identified in the area of Kuala Kubu
Also, by providing 3- star hotels can give comfort to the be made because they are the main tourist goals to
Bharu. It also helps in contributing to economic
tourist. The hotel should provide adequate facilities and increase foreign exchange in addition to introduce
growth of Kuala Kubu Bharu. A special website to
good service that can make the tourist satisfied. tourist products in Kuala Kubu Bharu at the
promote tourism products and packages at Kuala
international level. One of the examples is Heritage
Kubu Bharu should also be created for the Promotion and efficient tourism program
Tour promotion in Kuala Kubu Bharu.
convenience of visitors.

304

Map heritage tour

305

4.0 CONCLUSION As a conclusion, an appropriate suggestion and recommendation need to be proposed
systematically in order to achieve town‟s success. In this study area, urban design plays important role in
In general, from the spatial aspects it indicates that Kuala Kubu Bharu has many potential sustaining the town‟s growth. However, the district of sunflower is not just relying to urban design sector
areas to be developed to promote the study area so that they achieve regional balance compared to the only, but, they collaborate the urban design sector with other sector such as land use, commercial,
surrounding area. The town of Kuala Kubu Bharu itself should be conserved as it is the first housing, traffic and transportation, environment, tourism, landscape and socioeconomic to ensure the
implementation of Garden City in Malaysia and it was a starting point of Town and Country Planning in goal and objective of the case study is achieved successfully.
Malaysia. For the aspects of transportation, it requires a comprehensive public transport system and good
circulation system for accessibility for the study area as it is at a level that can help catalyze the
development of the study area. From the social aspect of the study area, it showed that the area is at a
moderate level, where the number of local residents who have a better level of education is decreasing,
where migration is more than the incoming migration. This is because; there are no job opportunities that
are appropriate that parallel to the academic level of the population.

From the economic aspect, it is clear that the economic level of the Malay population of
the study area is moderate and it is still monopolized by the non-Malays. As for the business aspects, the
Malay population is more concentrated in the informal business where they do business more informally,
such as hawker. In terms of tourism, the categories of eco-tourism and agro-tourism are highly
concentrated outside the study area. While Heritage and Culture tourism is focused at town center of
Kuala Kubu Bharu. The tourism aspect should be enhanced in order to attract more tourists to come to
Kuala Kubu Bharu and therefore it can generate the economy over there.

Besides that, in order to live up the vibrancy of the town, a suitable and good landscape should be
implemented in order to create an image and identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu. In addition, the idea of
improving the existing commercial area will help to generate the activity of residents in Kuala Kubu
Bharu.

By identifying the potential and the problems resulting from the analysis made, appropriate
recommendations should be made in achieving mission and objectives that have been proposed
during earlier studies. Comprehensive and thorough proposal must be submitted in realizing the goal
of study

306

5.0 GANTT CHART

NO ACTIVITIES OCTOBER NOVEMBER

14th 21th 28th 1st 5th

20th 27th 31st 4th 14th

1 TECHNICAL REPORT

th- th
Field visit to Kuala Kubu Bharu 14 17

1st meeting: compilation of data collection by th
18
each sector (maps and pictures)

2nd meeting: paste the data collection on paper th
20
and discussion

st
Consultation with lecturers and proceed with 21
works by sector
nd
Proceed with work by sector 22

3rd meeting: discussion on progress of work 23
rd

th
Proceed with works by sector 24

4th meeting: discussion on preliminary issue of th
26
each sectors

th
Consultation with lecturers 28

th
Proceed with works by sector 30

5th meeting: progression on report 31
st

6th meeting: discussion with group members 1
st

th
Consultation with lecturer 4

th th
Mid sem break 5 -13

th
Presentation and submission of technical report 14

307

HELIANTHUS CONSULTANT

ASSISTANT PROJECT
PROJECT LEADER
LEADER

MOHAMAD ZUHAIRI BIN CHE SITI SARAH BINTI SUKRI @ BADRI
DIN
(ENVIRONMENT SECTOR) (LAND USE SECTOR)

URBAN DESIGN AND
SOCIOECONOMY ENVIRONMENT TRAFFIC AND TOURISM
LAND USE INFRASTRUCTURE CONSERVATION
TRANSPORTATION

NUR SYAHIRA BINTI
AHMAD NIZAR BIN
AMIR AMZAR BIN MOHD IZUL FIKRI BIN ZULKEFLY (LANGUAGE
OTHMAN GUMANTI MOHAMED DHIAUDDIN BIN AHMAD FUAD HILMI NURUL AIN BT
ABDUL RAHMAN ADUMI EDITOR)
(SUB-EDITOR) SAMSUDIN(LANGUAGE BIN ALWI MOHAMAD
EDITOR) SHARIL(SECRETARY)
HOUSING

NUR ATIQAH BT NUR SHUHADAH BINTI
ABDULLAH(TREASURER) MOHD MUHAMMAD ROZIF
MOHAMAD AZUAN
MUHAMMAD BIN ROSLAN
BIN CHE ABDULLAH
FADHLULLAH BIN SHAHRUL HAFIZ BIN
NAJIMUDIN (MAP EDITOR) LANDSCAPE AYUB
PUBLIC FACILITIES COMMERCIAL
ANIS ZULAIKHA BT
AHMAD KAMAL

MOHAMAD ASYRAF BIN NUR NADHIRAH BINTI SYED ALI AKBAR BIN
NUR HAMIZAH BT MOHAMAD SYED MOHAMED 308
YUSOF (MAIN EDITOR) ARIFIN (SLIDE EDITOR
SHAFAR (SUB EDITOR)

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