FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEM_FUNCTIONALITY.pptx
- 1. Fire Detection and Alarm System Basics
- 2. Class B Initiating Device Circuit 4.7K EOLR 4.7K EOLR Class B Notification Appliance Circuit Class B Circuits End of line supervision resistors are required to supervise the integrity of the loop.
- 3. Single open circuit condition causes a trouble on the panel and renders all devices beyond the fault inoperative. Class B Initiating Device Circuit 4.7K EOLR 4.7K EOLR Class B Notification Appliance Circuit Class B Circuits
- 4. Class A Initiating Device Circuit Class A Notification Appliance Circuit Class A Circuits End of line supervision resistors are not necessary as the loop returns to the panel and is driven from both ends.
- 5. Class A Initiating Device Circuit Class A Notification Appliance Circuit Class A Circuits Single open circuit condition causes a trouble on the panel. All devices on the loop remain operative.
- 6. Addressable Device - A fire alarm system component with discreet identification that can have its status individually identified or that is used to individually control other functions. Analog Addressable Sensor - An initiating device that transmits a signal indicating varying degrees of condition as contrasted with a conventional or addressable initiating device, which can only indicate an off/on condition. Fire Alarm Terminology
- 7. Protocol - A language for communicating between control panels and their proprietary devices. SLC Interface - A system component that connects a signaling line circuit to any combination of initiating devices, initiating device circuits, notification appliances, notification appliance circuits, system control outputs and other signaling line circuits. Signaling Line Circuit (SLC) - A circuit or path between any combination of circuit interfaces, control units, or transmitters over which multiple system input signals or out put signals or both are carried.
- 8. Conventional control panels range in size from 1 zone to over 100 zones. Zones typically consist of some or all of the initiating devices in an area or floor of a building. Some control panels zone capacity is expandable while others are not, limiting its usefulness if a facility adds additional buildings or rooms. Comparing System Types To better understand today’s newer technology, a firm understanding of the types of systems available is necessary. The three most popular types of systems installed today are: • Conventional • Addressable • Analog Addressable Conventional Systems
- 9. Conventional Systems Zone 1 4.7K EOLR Zone 2 FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT FACP NAC 1 Multiple devices are combined into a single zone. Zones can contain 30 or more devices. 4.7K EOLR
- 10. Conventional Systems Care must be taken when laying out zones to comply with code requirements. Zone 1 4.7K EOLR Zone 2 FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT NAC 1 4.7K EOLR
- 11. Zone Considerations 2007 NFPA 72 6.8.5.5.2 Limits the number of waterflow switches in a single zone to 5. 2007 NFPA 72 6.8.5.6.2 Limits the number of supervisory devices in a single zone to 20. 2007 NFPA 72 Annex A.4.4.6.6 Suggests that the maximum number of square feet in a single zone be limited to no more than 22,500.
- 12. Conventional Systems Wiring must be installed in a supervised manner either Class A, or Class B with an EOLR. Zone #1 4.7K EOLR 4.7K EOLR Zone #2 NAC #1
- 13. Conventional Systems Alarm conditions are annunciated by zone only. Inspection is required to determine the device. Zone #1 4.7K EOLR 4.7K EOLR Zone #2 NAC #1 FIRE!
- 14. Conventional Systems Trouble conditions are annunciated by zone only. Inspection is required to determine the cause. 4.7K EOLR Zone #1 4.7K EOLR 4.7K EOLR Zone #2 NAC #1
- 15. Conventional Systems Information transmitted to the central station is by zone at best. Many panels send Alarm, Supv, Trbl only. RJ RJ Zone #1 4.7K EOLR 4.7K EOLR Zone #2 NAC #1
- 16. Addressable Systems An addressable systems point capacity is determined by the amount of SLC “Signaling Line Circuits” it contains. Each SLC circuit provides power, communication, & supervision for all of the devices connected to it. Each SLC can accommodate over 100 addressable devices, depending upon the manufacturer. FACP
- 17. Addressable Systems FACP Each SLC loop can contain a variety of addressable devices. Non-addressable devices are connected via addressable module. FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR NAC #1 Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown)
- 18. Addressable Systems Each point on the SLC loop is given a unique address when installed. 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR NAC #1 Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector
- 19. Addressable Systems Supervision is accomplished from the panel by polling the devices on the SLC loop. 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1
- 20. Addressable Systems Supervision is accomplished from the panel by polling the devices on the SLC loop. 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1
- 21. Addressable Systems Supervision is accomplished from the panel by polling the devices on the SLC loop. 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1
- 22. Addressable Systems Supervision is accomplished from the panel by polling the devices on the SLC loop. 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1
- 23. Addressable Systems Supervision is accomplished from the panel by polling the devices on the SLC loop. 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1
- 24. Addressable Systems Supervision is accomplished from the panel by polling the devices on the SLC loop. 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1
- 25. Addressable Systems Supervision is accomplished from the panel by polling the devices on the SLC loop. 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1
- 26. Addressable Systems Supervision is accomplished from the panel by polling the devices on the SLC loop. 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1
- 27. Addressable Systems Supervision is accomplished from the panel by polling the devices on the SLC loop. 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1
- 28. Addressable Systems Supervision is accomplished from the panel by polling the devices on the SLC loop. 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1
- 29. Addressable Systems Supervision is accomplished from the panel by polling the devices on the SLC loop. 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1
- 30. Addressable Systems Supervision is accomplished from the panel by polling the devices on the SLC loop. 001 002 003 004 005 006 FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector FACP NAC #1
- 31. Addressable Systems Supervision is accomplished from the panel by polling the devices on the SLC loop. < Replay 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1
- 32. Addressable Systems Alarm conditions are annunciated by point allowing responding personnel to quickly find the fire. ALARM POINT 006 LOBBY SMOKE DETECTOR 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1 FIRE!
- 33. Addressable Systems Trouble conditions can be located more quickly by analyzing the affected points. TRBL POINT 006 DISCONNECTED LOBBY SMOKE DETECTOR 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1
- 34. Addressable Systems More detailed information can be sent to the central station aiding in a quick resolution to the problem. RJ RJ 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1
- 35. Addressable Systems Since supervision is accomplished through polling, t-tapped wiring is permitted. (Class B wiring) 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1
- 36. Addressable Systems Many systems support flexible input/output programming to link initiating devices to outputs. 001 002 003 004 005 006 FACP FIRE FIRE SILENT KNIGHT Addressable Pull Station Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Detector 4.7K EOLR Addressable Smoke Detector Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) Addressable Smoke Detector NAC #1 FIRE!
- 37. Comparison Conventional Lower initial equipment costs. Wide range of compatible devices. Can be easier to program. Limited expansion capability. Addressable Easier to install. More system status information at the panel and central station. Input/Output programming much more flexible. Usually much more room available to expand.
- 38. Analog Addressable Systems Detectors in an analog addressable systems become “sensors” relaying information to the control panel corresponding to how much smoke or heat that detector is sensing. The control panel makes the decisions based on this information when to alarm etc.
- 39. Analog Addressable Systems Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Sensor 10K EOLR Addressable Smoke Sensor Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) 001 002 003 004 005 Addressable Pull Station Addressable Smoke Sensor 006 HEAT DETECTOR MECHANICAL ROOM POINT 001 A=062 NORMAL F=190 Supervision is still checked by polling. In addition an analog value is transmitted to the panel for processing. NAC #1
- 40. Analog Addressable Systems SMOKE DETECTOR LOBBY NORTH POINT 002 A=060 NORMAL F=188 Supervision is still checked by polling. In addition an analog value is transmitted to the panel for processing. Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Sensor Addressable Smoke Sensor Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) 001 002 003 004 005 Addressable Pull Station Addressable Smoke Detector 006 10K EOLR NAC #1
- 41. Analog Addressable Systems RELAY MODULE FAN SHUTDOWN POINT 003 A=N/A NORMAL F=N/A Supervision is still checked by polling. In addition an analog value is transmitted to the panel for processing. Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Sensor Addressable Smoke Sensor Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) 001 002 003 004 005 Addressable Pull Station Addressable Smoke Sensor 006 10K EOLR NAC #1
- 42. Analog Addressable Systems INPUT MODULE WATERFLOW POINT 004 A=N/A NORMAL F=N/A Supervision is still checked by polling. In addition an analog value is transmitted to the panel for processing. Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Sensor Addressable Smoke Sensor Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) 001 002 003 004 005 Addressable Pull Station Addressable Smoke Sensor 006 10K EOLR NAC #1
- 43. Analog Addressable Systems Supervision is still checked by polling. In addition an analog value is transmitted to the panel for processing. INPUT MODULE MANUAL PULL POINT 005 A=N/A NORMAL F=N/A Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Sensor Addressable Smoke Sensor Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) 001 002 003 004 005 Addressable Pull Station Addressable Smoke Sensor 006 10K EOLR NAC #1
- 44. Analog Addressable Systems SMOKE DETECTOR FRONT DESK POINT 006 A=061 NORMAL F=189 Supervision is still checked by polling. In addition an analog value is transmitted to the panel for processing. Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Sensor Addressable Smoke Sensor Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) 001 002 003 004 005 Addressable Pull Station Addressable Smoke Sensor 006 10K EOLR NAC #1
- 45. Analog Addressable Systems HEAT DETECTOR MECHANICAL ROOM POINT 001 A=062 NORMAL F=190 Supervision is still checked by polling. In addition an analog value is transmitted to the panel for processing. Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Sensor Addressable Smoke Sensor Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) 001 002 003 004 005 Addressable Pull Station Addressable Smoke Sensor 006 10K EOLR NAC #1
- 46. Analog Addressable Systems SMOKE DETECTOR LOBBY NORTH POINT 002 A=060 NORMAL F=188 Supervision is still checked by polling. In addition an analog value is transmitted to the panel for processing. Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Sensor Addressable Smoke Sensor Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) 001 002 003 004 005 Addressable Pull Station Addressable Smoke Sensor 006 10K EOLR NAC #1
- 47. Analog Addressable Systems RELAY MODULE FAN SHUTDOWN POINT 003 A=N/A NORMAL F=N/A Supervision is still checked by polling. In addition an analog value is transmitted to the panel for processing. Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Sensor Addressable Smoke Sensor Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) 001 002 003 004 005 Addressable Pull Station Addressable Smoke Sensor 006 10K EOLR NAC #1
- 48. Analog Addressable Systems INPUT MODULE WATERFLOW POINT 004 A=N/A NORMAL F=N/A Supervision is still checked by polling. In addition an analog value is transmitted to the panel for processing. Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Sensor Addressable Smoke Sensor Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) 001 002 003 004 005 Addressable Pull Station Addressable Smoke Sensor 006 10K EOLR NAC #1
- 49. Analog Addressable Systems Supervision is still checked by polling. In addition an analog value is transmitted to the panel for processing. INPUT MODULE MANUAL PULL POINT 005 A=N/A NORMAL F=N/A Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Sensor Addressable Smoke Sensor Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) 001 002 003 004 005 Addressable Pull Station Addressable Smoke Sensor 006 10K EOLR NAC #1
- 50. Analog Addressable Systems SMOKE DETECTOR FRONT DESK POINT 006 A=061 NORMAL F=189 < Replay Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Sensor Addressable Smoke Sensor Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) 001 002 003 004 005 Addressable Pull Station Addressable Smoke Sensor 006 10K EOLR NAC #1
- 51. Analog Addressable Systems This analog value corresponds to the amount of heat or smoke in that detectors area of coverage. Higher = more. HEAT DETECTOR MECHANICAL ROOM POINT 001 A=062 NORMAL F=190 Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Sensor Addressable Smoke Sensor Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) 001 002 003 004 005 Addressable Pull Station Addressable Smoke Sensor 006 10K EOLR NAC #1
- 52. Analog Addressable Systems If the analog value exceeds the alarm threshold, an alarm occurs. This alarm threshold is calculated by the panel. HEAT DETECTOR MECHANICAL ROOM POINT 001 A=062 NORMAL F=190 Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Sensor Addressable Smoke Sensor Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) 001 002 003 004 005 Addressable Pull Station Addressable Smoke Sensor 006 10K EOLR NAC #1
- 53. Analog Addressable Systems INPUT MODULE WATERFLOW POINT 004 A=N/A NORMAL F=N/A Input/output modules do not relay analog values to the panel as they are monitoring or controlling on/off devices. Addressable Relay Module (Fan Shutdown) Addressable Heat Sensor Addressable Smoke Sensor Addressable Input Module (Waterflow) 001 002 003 004 005 Addressable Pull Station Addressable Smoke Sensor 006 10K EOLR NAC #1
- 54. THE END