First conditional
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This document summarizes the rules and usage of the first conditional, which uses an if clause with a present tense verb to refer to a possible future event and its consequence. It provides examples of the basic structure using "if + present tense verb" and "subject + will + base verb" and discusses how any present or future tense can be used in the if clause. Real and unreal situations are discussed as well as punctuation usage.
First conditional
- 1. Diana L. Portillo October 2014 First conditional
- 2. *First clause: If + subject + verb in present, * Second clause: subject + will + base form verb
- 3. *A possible future situation and its consequence. *If I find you, I´ll kill you.
- 4. *It expresses real situations: *If you don´t apologize, you´ll regret later.
- 5. If - I´ll come if you like. (No comma). - If you like, I´ll come.
- 6. - If you miss the bus, take a taxi. - If you miss the bus, you can get a taxi.
- 7. She won´t be angry if you tell her the truth.
- 8. What will you do if it rains? If it rains, I´ll …
- 9. What will you do if it rains? If it rains, I´ll …
- 10. Any present tense can be used in the if clause (simple, continuous or perfect) and any future form (will, going to, future perfect, future continuous). *If you´re not going, I´m not going to go either.
- 11. * *Capel, Annette and Sharp, Wendy. (2013). Objective Proficiency. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. *Oxenden, Clive and Latham-Koenig, Christina. (1997). American English File 2. New York, USA: Oxford University Press. *Oxenden, Clive and Latham-Koenig Christina. (2009). New English File Upper-intermediate students. Oxford: Oxford University Press.