Foundations of Communication and Models of Comm.
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1) Strong social relationships and avoiding loneliness provide significant health benefits, while social isolation is a major risk factor for disease. 2) Communication is a complex process where people interact through symbols to create and interpret meanings in a systemic way. Early models of communication focused on simple linear exchanges, but modern models recognize the transactional nature of communication. 3) Many factors can introduce noise or ambiguity into communication exchanges, including environmental factors, internal states, and the symbolic and personal nature of deriving meaning from words and messages. Establishing shared contexts is important for effective communication.
Foundations of Communication and Models of Comm.
- 2. HEALTH BENEFITS Of Interpersonal Communication
- 3. • White blood cells of the chronically lonely display abnormalities • Socially isolated people are 4 times more susceptible to common cold than non-isolated people • People who lack strong relationships have 2-3 times the risk of early death regardless of whether they smoke, exercise, drink • Social isolation is a major risk factor contributing to coronary disease • Divorced, separated, widowed people are 5-10 times more likely to need mental hospitalization than couples
- 4. INCREASE EFFECTIVENESS in your personal, social and professional life Values: personal id & health, relationship, professional & cultural
- 5. Communication is a systemic process in which people interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings.
- 6. Hmm, nice guy. Good morning, officer! Receiver Message Channel Linear Communication Model Shannon & Weaver, 1949 Source Who? Says what? In what channel?To whom? With what effect? - Laswell 1948 S i m p l i s t i c M o d e l
- 7. He smiled! Hmm, nice guy. Good morning, officer! Receiver Message Channel Interactive Comm. Model Source Added verbal/non-verbal; intentional/unintentional feedback - Schramm 1955 Feedback S t i l l n o t a p e r f e c t m o d e l
- 8. Transactional Model Context/Environment/Field of Experiences Feedback /Receiver /Source Message Channel N o i s e Receiver Source Added time & simultaneous nature of sender/receiver role
- 10. Internal Noise External/Physical Noise - daydreaming - prejudices - worrying - physiological noise - semantic noise - loud air-conditioner - microphone interference - cough - crying baby TYPES OF NOISE
- 11. Need to adapt comm. to the environment Time, place, cultural & social-psychological setting in which the communication takes place Need to plan for and control the environment THE CONTEXT
- 12. FEEDBACK reactions to what is said Important because: - tells us how a message is received - helps us adjust our message
- 13. Watch the feedback What type of noise is there?
- 15. ? Communication is symbolic • Words have no inherent meaning • Symbol: arbitrary signals created by humans to represent experiences, objects, or concepts • Referent: the object or experience to which a symbol refers Communication is personal • Meaning is in the people, not in the words REASONS FOR AMBIGUITY
- 16. SIGNIFIERS & REFERENTS Thoughts / Reference Symbol Referent C H A I R an open back wooden red chair with lattice scrollwork and velvet cushion Symbol Thoughts / Reference
- 18. GREEN Requires your brain to respond to conflicting information Takes longer because the mind automatically determines the semantic meaning of the word (it reads the word "green" and thinks of the color "green"), and then must override this first impression with the identification of the color of the word -- a process that is not automatized. 60 second brain game
- 19. Love Consider the meaning of the following words: COMMUNICATION IS PERSONAL Meaning is in the people, not in the words Beauty Excellence
- 20. Meaning involves a content & relational level
- 21. AREAS OF STUDY • Interpersonal Interaction • Group Communication • Organizational Communication • Health Communication • Mass Communication/Social Media • Intercultural Communication • Public Communication