framing in computer network by tanuj jain
- 1. Framing Methods in Computer Networks Framing is a fundamental process in computer networks that involves encapsulating data into discrete units called frames for efficient transmission and error detection. This introduction covers the key concepts and common framing methods used in various network technologies. Submitted To : Dr. Kuldeep Narayan Tripathi TANUJ JAIN 0901CD233D05
- 2. Framing and the OSI Model 1 Physical Layer Defines the physical specifications for data transmission, such as voltage levels, signal timing, and cable types. 2 Data Link Layer Responsible for framing, error detection and correction, and media access control to ensure reliable data transfer. 3 Network Layer Handles logical addressing and routing of data packets between network devices.
- 3. Common Framing Methods Ethernet A widely used framing method for local area networks (LANs) based on the IEEE 802.3 standard. Wi-Fi The framing method used in wireless networks, following the IEEE 802.11 standard. PPP Point-to-Point Protocol, a common framing method for serial links and dial-up connections.
- 4. Framing Structure and Components 1 Preamble Synchronization pattern to allow the receiver to detect and lock onto the frame. 2 Addressing Destination and source addresses to identify the sender and intended receiver. 3 Control Flags and sequence numbers for flow control and error detection. 4 Payload The actual data being transmitted, encapsulated within the frame.
- 5. Error Detection and Correction Parity Bits Simple error detection by adding an extra bit to ensure an even or odd number of 1s. Checksum Arithmetic sum of the frame's contents used to detect errors during transmission. CRC Cyclic redundancy check, a more advanced error detection technique using polynomial division. Retransmission Incorrectly received frames can be requested for retransmission to ensure data integrity.
- 6. Framing Methods Compared Ethernet Reliable, high-speed, and widely adopted, but limited to wired LANs. Wi-Fi Flexible wireless connectivity, but subject to interference and security challenges. PPP Simple and suitable for point- to-point serial links, but limited to low data rates.
- 7. Selecting the Right Framing Method Network Requirements Evaluate factors like speed, range, reliability, and cost to identify the most suitable framing method. Network Architecture Consider the network topology, device types, and existing infrastructure to ensure compatibility. Performance Trade-offs Understand the pros and cons of each framing method to make an informed decision.
- 8. Conclusion Key Takeaways Framing is essential for reliable data transmission in computer networks. Understanding the various framing methods and their trade-offs is crucial for designing and implementing effective network solutions. Adaptability The choice of framing method should be tailored to the specific requirements and constraints of the network, ensuring optimal performance and compatibility. Collaboration Effective network design involves close collaboration between network engineers, IT professionals, and stakeholders to select the most appropriate framing method.