Function generator
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A function generator is a piece of electronic test equipment or software that generates different types of electrical waveforms like sine, square, triangular, and sawtooth shapes over a wide range of frequencies. It has features like continuous tuning over wide frequency bands, output amplitudes, and modulation capabilities. Function generators are used to test and develop electronic equipment by providing signal sources, and produce waveforms by repeatedly charging and discharging a capacitor from a constant current source.
![ A function generator is usually a piece of electronic
test equipment or software used to generate different
types of electrical waveforms over a wide range of
frequencies. Some of the most common waveforms
produced by the function generator are the sine,
square, triangular and sawtooth shapes. These
waveforms can be either repetitive or single-shot
(which requires an internal or external trigger
source).[1] Integrated circuits used to generate
waveforms may also be described as function
generator Ics
.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/functiongenerator-130407040737-phpapp01/85/Function-generator-2-320.jpg)
![ Other important features of the function
generator are continuous tuning over wide
bands with max-min frequency ratios of 10:1
or more, a wide range of frequencies from a
few Hz to a few MHz, a flat output amplitude
and modulation capabilities like frequency
sweeping, frequency modulation and amplitude
modulation.[2]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/functiongenerator-130407040737-phpapp01/85/Function-generator-3-320.jpg)
![ Some function generators can be phase-locked to an
external signal source (which may be a frequency
reference) or another function generator.[3]
Function generators are used in the development, test
and repair of electronic equipment. For example, they
may be used as a signal source to test amplifiers or to
introduce an error signal into a control loop.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/functiongenerator-130407040737-phpapp01/85/Function-generator-5-320.jpg)
![ Simple function generators usually generate triangular
waveform whose frequency can be controlled
smoothly as well as in steps.[4] This triangular wave is
used as the basis for all of its other outputs. The
triangular wave is generated by repeatedly charging
and discharging a capacitor from a constant current
source.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/functiongenerator-130407040737-phpapp01/85/Function-generator-6-320.jpg)
Function generator
- 2. A function generator is usually a piece of electronic test equipment or software used to generate different types of electrical waveforms over a wide range of frequencies. Some of the most common waveforms produced by the function generator are the sine, square, triangular and sawtooth shapes. These waveforms can be either repetitive or single-shot (which requires an internal or external trigger source).[1] Integrated circuits used to generate waveforms may also be described as function generator Ics .
- 3. Other important features of the function generator are continuous tuning over wide bands with max-min frequency ratios of 10:1 or more, a wide range of frequencies from a few Hz to a few MHz, a flat output amplitude and modulation capabilities like frequency sweeping, frequency modulation and amplitude modulation.[2]
- 4. Although function generators cover both audio and RF frequencies, they are usually not suitable for applications that need low distortion or stable frequency signals. When those traits are required, other signal generators would be more appropriate.
- 5. Some function generators can be phase-locked to an external signal source (which may be a frequency reference) or another function generator.[3] Function generators are used in the development, test and repair of electronic equipment. For example, they may be used as a signal source to test amplifiers or to introduce an error signal into a control loop.
- 6. Simple function generators usually generate triangular waveform whose frequency can be controlled smoothly as well as in steps.[4] This triangular wave is used as the basis for all of its other outputs. The triangular wave is generated by repeatedly charging and discharging a capacitor from a constant current source.
- 7. This produces a linearly ascending or descending voltage ramp. As the output voltage reaches upper and lower limits, the charging and discharging is reversed using a comparator, producing the linear triangle wave. By varying the current and the size of the capacitor, different frequencies may be obtained.
- 8. Sawtooth waves can be produced by charging the capacitor slowly, using a current, but using a diode over the current source to discharge quickly - the polarity of the diode changes the polarity of the resulting sawtooth, i.e. slow rise and fast fall, or fast rise and slow fall.
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