SlideShare a Scribd company logo
21                   2009   8   8 9




    1    2   3       3

1                2              3
1
•                   10:00 11:00
•          11:00 12:00
• Funnel               13:00 14:30
•          FIO 15:00 16:30
•                      16:30 17:00
•                 17:30 18:00
•                        18:00 19:00
2
•       10:00 12:00
•   13:00 16:00
•                     16:30 18:00
•              18:00 19:00
1/2


Gainer I/O                       1
USB                A-B A-miniB       1
                   SAD-01        1
                   SPP-100
                   SKS-140
                   330Ω          1
                   150Ω          2
                   10kΩ          1
                   10kΩ B        1
CdS                5mm           1
LED                              1
2/2


       KMX52-1050    1
 LED   OSTA71A1D-A   1
       GP2Y0A21      1
       RBSCGP        1
       6mm           1
• 1970
•              1993 2004
  –
  –
  –
• IAMAS 2004
  –
  –
GAINER
GainerBook Labo   2007   2008
Making Things Talk
Arduino
Tom Igoe             2008
Make        Volume 04
   Sketch
                        2008
Make             Volume 05
Sketch / Prototype
                             2008
Make               Volume 06
Prototyping Lab:
                               2009
Make            Volume 07
Prototyping Lab: Jamming Gear
                                2009
•
•
•
•                          ITP*1    Tom Igoe

•
             1
•

•                               1


    *1   Interactive Telecommunications Program
•

•
    LED
•
          I/O   PC
1 Mountain Guitar
•
•
    –
    –
•            I/O            PC
• IAMAS
•    CG
1 Mountain Guitar
• Ars Electronica 2007 campus2.0

• IAMAS

•                     2007

•   11
2 Jamming Gear
•       ×
•
    –
    –
•            ×FIO×Max/MSP×PC
• Ars Electronica 2009 Digital Music
  Honorary Mention
3
•
•
•          ×XBee×Funnel×PC
• Make: Tokyo Meeting 01-02
  IAMAS Gangu Project
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•



            littleBits coffemaker*2


    *2   http://www.vimeo.com/1389390
•
    –
    –
•
    –
    –
PC
•        ASCII
•         1

                 bps
Alto (1973)




              http://toastytech.com/guis/
•
    ActionScript C C++ Java
•

•
•
•
•
    – Flash
    – Processing
    – Max/MSP
•
    – Gainer
    – Arduino
    – Phidgets
Arduino Wiring PIC
  program
                  A
  a0]=ain.o;
  aout.1 = 255;


                  B



                  C



                  D
PC   Arduino Wiring
       program
                                   A
       a0]=ain.o;
       aout.1 = 255;


                                   B



                                   C



                                   D




       PC

                   program

                   a0]=ain.o;
                   aout.1 = 255;
Arduino




          SparkFun Electronics
I/O   PC        Gainer Phidgets
                                A



                                B



                                C



                                D




           PC

                program

                a0]=ain.o;
                aout.1 = 255;
Phidgets
Gainer


• I/O
•
  – ActionScript 2/3
  – Processing
  – Max/MSP
Gainer I/O
I/O
Geidai Open Workshop 2009
I/O
Geidai Open Workshop 2009
LED
Geidai Open Workshop 2009
• 2008   8
             130
•
    –
    –
    –
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
    2   3
HELLO!!
•     2007.12.22-23
•
•         19
•
•     Processing×Funnel×Gainer I/O
•

•

•
•   OK
2008
•
    – 2
    –     GND
    –     V
Geidai Open Workshop 2009
•
    –
    –   A
Geidai Open Workshop 2009
•
    –
    –   Ω
Geidai Open Workshop 2009
• 1,000        1kΩ
• 1,000,000          1MΩ
• 1,000
    1
              1mA
• 1,000,000
      1
                     50µA
Geidai Open Workshop 2009
•
•
+5V   GND
Geidai Open Workshop 2009
Geidai Open Workshop 2009
Geidai Open Workshop 2009
LED
•
•
    –
    –
    –
•
•
•
LED
LED


• LED
        20mA
•
•
•
V =I ×R

• V    V
• I   A
• R    Ω
− LED         = LED            ×R

R

                   − LED
      R=
            LED

    5.0V LED        1.8V    10mA

         5 − 1.8   3.2
      R=         =      =
           0.01    0.01
LED
•   +5V
•   GND
•
LED   NG
LED
LED

      7
physical × wonderfl


•
•
wonderfl
http://wonderfl.net
•
•                    Flash
  –
  –                  fork
• 2008 12             9,000
      28,000                  AS3
physical × wonderfl
http://physical.wonderfl.net
• IAMAS
• wonderfl

  –                           Funnel
  –
  –                               GUI
• 2009   7   24
• wonderfl
 –
 –
• IAMAS wxp
 –
 –          hoonida-kim
 –
physical × wonderfl
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

•
physical × wonderfl
• http://tinyurl.com/nbspoe
• http://tinyurl.com/nho2rx
Funnel
Gainer
• Gainer
•
•
•
Funnel


•
•
•
Funnel


•
    –
    –
    –
    –
•
Funnel
•
•
•
Funnel
Sketching User Experiences
Getting the Design Right and the Right Design
Bill Buxton Morgan Kaufmann Pub 2007
Funnel




         Bill Buxton, Sketching User Experiences (2008)
Funnel
•
    –               Convolution
    –                       SetPoint
    –           Scaler
    –          Osc
•        I/O
Funnel
ActionScritpt 3   Processing
• ActionScript 3
  –
  –
  –
• Processing
  –
  –
  – Java
•
•
•
Gainer

                             1

var   lastState = -1; //
var   t = 127; //
var   h = 20; //
var   gio = new Gainer();

function loop():void {
    var state = lastState;
    var val = gio.analogInput[0]; //           0
    if (val < (t - h)) //
        state = 0; //      0
    else if (val > (t + h)) //
        state = 1; //      1
    if (lastState == 0 && state == 1) //   0       1
        sound.start(); //
    lastState = state; //
}
Funnel

                           2

var gio = new Gainer();

//
gio.addFilter(new SetPoint(0.5, 0.1));

//
gio.addEventListener(RISING_EDGE, onButtonPress);

//
function onButtonPress(e:Event):void {
    sound.start(); //
}
UI
•
•
•
• LED
•       LED
•             H
UI

                          3         LED

var gio:Gainer = new Gainer();

//
gio.button.addEventListener(PRESS, function(e:Event):void {
    gio.led.blink(200, 1); // LED 200ms      1
});

//
gio.button.addEventListener(LONG_PRESS, function(e:Event):void {
    gio.led.blink(200, 3); // LED 200ms      3
});
Gainer I/O

        2
•            din 0   1     2
    –
    –
•            ain 0 1     256
    –
    –
din 0
din 0
•
•
    –   rising edge
    –   falling edge
Funnel
          http://tinyurl.com/no7bvt
                         4

var gio:Gainer = new Gainer();

gio.digitalInput(0).addEventListener(RISING_EDGE, function(e:Event):void {
    //          0    1
});

gio.digitalInput(0).addEventListener(FALLING_EDGE, function(e:Event):void {
    //          1    0
});
ain 0
ain 0
ain 0
• SignalScope http://tinyurl.com/kovuvl

•
• ain 1
•
Geidai Open Workshop 2009
Geidai Open Workshop 2009
ain 0   CdS
ain 0   CdS
ain 0              CdS
        http://tinyurl.com/mbh74x
•
• SignalScope
•
•
Scaler
          http://tinyurl.com/ktt7w8
                           5 Scaler

gio = new Gainer();

gio.analogInput(0).filters = [new Scaler(0.2, 0.6, 0, 1, Scaler.LINEAR, true)];
•
    –
    –

•
SetPoint
          http://tinyurl.com/mku948
                            6 SetPoint

gio = new Gainer();

gio.analogInput(0).filters = [new SetPoint([0.5, 0.1])];
gio.analogInput(0).addEventListener(RISING_EDGE, onRisingEdge);
gio.analogInput(0).addEventListener(FALLING_EDGE, onFallingEdge);
ain 0
ain 0
ain 0
ain 0
• PSD
•
ain 0
ain 0
ain 0   SoftPot
ain 0   SoftPot
ain 0   SoftPot
•
•
•
ain
ain
•
•
Geidai Open Workshop 2009
http://tinyurl.com/l2ojfc
•
• -1  +1
• sin
•
•
•   LPF
•   HPF
Convolution
          http://tinyurl.com/nb6xto
                       7 Convolution

gio = new Gainer();

gio.analogInput(0).filters = [new Convolution(Convolution.MOVING_AVERAGE)];
8

public function GainerAccelerometer() {
    gio = new Gainer();

    board = new Shape();
    ...
    this.addChild(board);

    var smoother:Convolution = new Convolution(Convolution.MOVING_AVERAGE);
    var scaler:Scaler = new Scaler(0.30, 0.70, -1, 1, Scaler.LINEAR, true);
    gio.analogInput(1).filters = [smoother, scaler];

    addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, loop);
}

private function loop(event:Event):void {
    board.rotation = Math.asin(gio.analogInput(1).value) / Math.PI * 180;
}
Gainer I/O

            2
•                     dout 0   1   2
    – LED
    –
•                     aout 0 255   256   *3

    – LED
    –

    *3          PWM
9         I/O               LED

public function GainerLED() {
    ...
    var circle:Sprite = new Sprite();
    ...
    this.addChild(circle);

    circle.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN, mousePressed);
    circle.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_UP, mouseReleased);
}

private function mousePressed(e:MouseEvent):void {
    gio.led.value = 1;
}

private function mouseReleased(e:MouseEvent):void {
    gio.led.value = 0;
}
10        I/O             LED        LED button.fla

public function GainerLED() {
    gio = new Gainer();

    gio.button.addEventListener(PinEvent.RISING_EDGE, buttonPressed);
    gio.button.addEventListener(PinEvent.FALLING_EDGE, buttonReleased);
}

private function buttonPressed(e:PinEvent):void {
    gio.led.value = 1;
}

private function buttonReleased(e:PinEvent):void {
    gio.led.value = 0;
}
dout 0   LED
dout 0   LED
http://tinyurl.com/mtrq6f
aout 0   LED
aout 0   LED
http://tinyurl.com/nbspoe
Osc   LED
      http://tinyurl.com/nh4287
Flash IDE
• wonderfl
• wonderfl
•
• fla
•
FIO                           1
                    EIC-801   1
                              1
                              1
XBee                          2
XBee Explorer USB             1
FIO (Funnel I/O)

• LilyPad Arduino v1.6
•
• XBee
FIO (Funnel I/O) v1.3
FIO (Funnel I/O) v1.3
FIO (Funnel I/O) v1.3

                        -   +
FIO (Funnel I/O) v1.3
FIO v1.3 vs Funnel IO Remixed
Arduino
• Hernando Barrag´n
                 a            IDII*4
        Wiring
•

• IDE      Arduino I/O




  *4   Interaction Design Institute Ivrea
Wiring




         SparkFun Electronics
Arduino Duemilanove




                SparkFun Electronics
Arduino IDE
•
    –
    –
•
LilyPad Arduino




                  SparkFun Electronics
Arduino Pro Mini




                   SparkFun Electronics
Arduino ProtoShield




                 SparkFun Electronics
Arduino XBee Shield




                SparkFun Electronics
Arduino
          GND




                +5V GND
Gainer I/O    Arduino

               Gainer I/O   Arduino Duemilanove
               16           20
        A/D    8 8bit       6 10bit
       PWM     8 8bit       6 8bit
               1            0
        LED    1            1 D13
               Yes          Yes
               No           Yes
Arduino
•
•
•
•
Arduino                 LED

                                11 Arduino   LED

int ledPin = 13;

void setup() {
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
  delay(1000);
  digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
  delay(1000);
}
C                   LED

                            12       C       LED

#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include <avr/delay.h>

#define CLK_CALIB_DATA (FLASHEND - 3)

void init() {
    uint8_t osccal_data = pgm_read_byte(CLK_CALIB_DATA);
    if (osccal_data != 0xff) OSCCAL = osccal_data;

    DDRB = 0xff;
    DDRD = 0xff;

    return;
}
C            LED

                             13   C    LED

void delay_ms(uint16_t t) {
    while (t--) _delay_ms(1);
}

int main(void) {
    init();

    for (; ;) {
        PORTB = 0xff;
        delay_ms(500);
        PORTB = 0x00;
        delay_ms(500);
    }
    return 0;
}
Arduino
• C/C++
•
•
Arduino     PC
•
    –
    – USB
    – Ethernet
•
    – Bluetooth
    – IEEE 802.15.4 / ZigBee
Firmata
http://firmata.org/

• Hans-Christoph Steiner
• MIDI
• Arduino 0012
Firmata          PC
•   Pd (aka Pure Data)
•   Processing
•   Funnel
•   Linux C++
•   C++/openFrameworks
10G
                                   IEEE 802.11n
100M
                                   IEEE 802.11a/g

10M                                IEEE 802.11b

                     Bluetooth
 1M
                                       ANT

100k

                     ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4
 10k


  1k



       0.1m         1m           10m          100m         1km

              BAN        PAN            LAN          MAN
Wi-Fi       Bluetooth   802.15.4/ZigBee
IEEE   802.11a/b/g/n   802.15.1    802.15.4
       2.4GHz/5GHz     2.4GHz      866MHz/915MHz/2.4GHz
           100m         100m       100m      2.4GHz
            300Mbps       3Mbps        250kbps 2.4GHz
             32           7        65535


             LAN

              1
IEEE 802.15.4
•               1
•
IEEE 802.15.4

  Point to Point      Star




  Point to Multi




                   802.15.4 Coordinator
                   802.15.4 End Device
ZigBee
•        1
•
•
ZigBee




         Mesh
           Coordinator
           Router
           End Device
XBee
• IEEE 802.15.4 ZigBee 2          *5

  – XBee 802.15.4
  – XBee ZB ZigBee PRO
•                          3500
•
•



  *5
XBee
•           5V
• UDP

•
       100kbps
XBee
               XBee
• hardware/fio/tool/XBeeConfigTool
•
• PAN ID
•
•                      MY ID
• Configure
FIO
• XBee Explorer USB PC
• Arduino 16
• Tools Board       Arduino Pro/ Pro Mini
  (8MHz)
• Tools Serial Port
• Open Examples Digital Blink
• Upload to I/O Board
FIO
• hardware/fio/firmware/FioStandardFirmata

• Upload to I/O Board
FIO
• FIO
• XBee Explorer USB PC
• Funnel Server
•
  – http://tinyurl.com/n4c7a5
  – http://tinyurl.com/kp7jqs
FIO   LED
FIO
21                   2009   8   8 9




    1    2   3       3

1                2              3

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Geidai Open Workshop 2009