genetic engineering powerpoint presentation
- 5. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) may be a large biomolecule that contains the entire genetic information for an organism. The fundamental building block of a DNA molecule is termed a nucleotide, and one strand of DNA may contain billions of nucleotides. Why are proteins important? Proteins perform all of the work in organisms. Some functions of proteins include: • Serving as catalysts for reactions • Performing cell signaling • Transporting molecules across membranes • Creating structures
- 6. How is DNA employed in gene-splicing? the process by which the DNA of an organism is cut and a gene, perhaps from another organism, is inserted. Hybridization or the method of crossing plants or animals with different variations of the identical trait within which the resulting offspring is formed to 9 possess best traits of the parents, has been around for several years yet.
- 7. Genetic Engineering Technique The process for genetic engineering begins the identical for any organism being modified. 1. Choose an organism that contains a desirable gene. 2. Extract the whole DNA from the organism. 3. Remove this gene from the remainder of the DNA. A way to try this can be by employing a restriction enzyme. These enzymes seek for specific nucleotide sequences where they'll "cut" the DNA by breaking the bonds at this location.
- 8. Genetic Engineering Technique 4. Insert the new gene to an organism's DNA. 5. When modifying bacteria, the foremost common method for this final step is to feature the isolated gene to a plasmid, a circular piece of DNA employed by bacteria. This is often done by "cutting" the plasmid with the identical restricted enzyme that was needed to remove the gene from the initial DNA. The new gene can now be inserted into this opening within the plasmid and also the DNA are often bonded back together using another enzyme called ligase. During this case, the recombinant plasmid is additionally named as a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC).