Geographic Information System unit 5
- 1. OCE 552 - Geographic Information System UNIT - V
- 3. CONTENTS 01 What is NRM 02 Application of GIS in NRM 03 Hazard & Risk management 04 Japanese tsunami & forest fire U.S.A 05 Change detection
- 4. CONTENTS 06 Soil erosion on river beds 07 Natural resource inventory 08 Environmental monitoring 09 GIS application on NRM (brief) 10 Case studies
- 6. GIS (Geographical Information System) is mainly used for mapping processes. GIS is a computer-based information system that is aimed at collecting, storing, manipulating, analyzing, organizing, managing, summarizing and displaying all types of geographical data. GIS has a wide range of application. It is equally important in natural resource management. The GIS in Natural Resource Management is a resourceful technique in measuring the natural resource assets. The GIS in Natural resource Management identifies the human impacts on natural resource and support for the utilization of natural resources. Firstly the data are collected from the land cover, vegetation, soil and geology which are the parts of natural resources and then they are mapped using GIS technology. These data are collected using remote sense technique through aerial photographs or satellite image for study.
- 7. Application of GIS in "NRM" By 2.Arun Sabarish
- 8. • The major application of GIS in natural resource management is in confronting with environmental issues like a flood, landslide, soil erosions, drought, earthquake etc. • GIS in natural resource management also address the current problems of climate change, habitat loss, population growth, pollution etc. The solution to these problems is the application of GIS in natural resource management. • Yes, introduction to GIS has solved many problems related to the natural environment. GIS is a powerful tool that is used in the management of natural resources. Some applications of GIS in major fields are discussed on upcoming topics
- 10. • GIS in natural resource management is used in the reduction of a natural hazard such as flood, landslide, soil erosion, forest fires, earthquake, drought etc. • One cannot totally stop these natural disasters but can minimize these warnings by early planning, preparation, and strategies. GIS in natural resource management is being used in analyzing, organizing, managing and monitoring the natural hazards. • GIS in natural resource management provides a spatial data of the disasters that have taken place before or might to occur so that early risk can be prevented. It is indicated through GIS-based map.
- 13. Oh you safe! Hope the fire won't given you any wound... Those NIST cameras may provide you some good visuals but you can't expect the same thing in every part of the globe.. For analyzing purposes you need accurate data rather than visuals.. That's where GIS gets uprooted Image following this slide is an aerial photograph took from the sky of a place before and after a forest fire
- 14. BEFORE AFTER
- 15. What happened in the 2011 Japan tsunami? The Tohoku earthquake caused a tsunami. A tsunami—Japanese for “harbor wave”—is a series of powerful waves caused by the displacement of a large body of water. ... The Tohoku tsunami produced waves up to 40 meters (132 feet) high, More than 450,000 people became homeless as a result of the tsunami.
- 17. This map snap will bring a base plan on identifying the upcoming or past tsunami's ,holds a record of them and creates a map as now we are looking.. So GIS an indeed application isn't it?
- 19. • GIS in natural resource management provides information about land area change between time periods. • The land change documents detected through satellite imagery or aerial photographs. • It is a useful application in land change, deforestation assessment, urbanization, habitat fragmentation etc. • The information obtained from GIS in natural resource management help to study the specific area and monitoring can be done in and around the area. • It is a way of studying the variations taking place in landscape and managing the environment.
- 20. Changes in wildlife habitation over a place between 22 years
- 22. o RUSLE(Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) used to estimate soil loss in a coastal river basin. o Remote sensing data helped in land use-land cover classification. o GIS helped to integrate, analyse and map potential soil erosion zones. o RUSLE model utilizing remote sensing and GIS useful for soil erosion probability prediction.
- 24. Figure depicts natural resource inventory of a palace in Colombia
- 25. •Natural resource inventory is a statistical survey of the condition of natural resources. •It provides relevant information about the environment condition and policy including conservation program that is obtained through GIS in natural resource management. •The information through maps in GIS provides the information of location and current resources.
- 27. •GIS in natural resource management provides a graphical data that helps in monitoring the environment. •It determines the qualitative and quantitative data about the environment issues such as pollution, land degradation, soil erosions etc. •GIS in natural resource management detects these problems and predicts the future hazards. •Thus, GIS in natural resource management monitors all these environment problems.
- 29. GIS application By 9.Hari Prakash In NRM A revise back
- 30. •• GIS helps in the management of land providing resourceful data in doing construction works or any agricultural works. It selects a suitable site before any change is done. •• GIS in natural resource management is conserving wide range of biodiversity by the pre information obtained through it. Many biological habitats are protected and further planning for the protection of flora and fauna is promoted. •• GIS in natural resource management provides hydrological data for the analysis of watershed management and Watershed analysis. •• GIS in water resource management is now extended in the use of mineral exploration in various developed countries like USA, Canada and Australia.
- 31. • Facility management • Topographic analysis • Network analysis • Transportation modeling • Engineering design • Demographic analysis • Geo process modeling Further applications are pointed as below:
- 33. How a geographic information system (GIS) can be used in risk analysis? It focuses on liquid hazardous waste transport and utilizes records archived by the London Waste Regulatory Authority. This data source provides information on the origin and destination of each waste stream, but not the route followed during transport. A GIS was therefore employed to predict the paths used, taking into account different routing criteria and characteristics of the available road network. Details were also assembled on population distribution and ground-water vulnerability, thus providing a basis for evaluating the potential consequences of a waste spillage during transport. Four routing scenarios were implemented to identify sections of road which consistently saw heavy traffic. These simulations also highlighted that some interventions could lead to risk tradeoffs rather than hazard mitigation. Many parts of the research would not have been possible without a GIS, and the study demonstrates the considerable potential of such software in environmental risk assessment and management.
- 35. Thanks