Geographic information system(gis)
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The document discusses the basic components of a geographic information system (GIS), including remote sensing, global positioning systems, and GIS software. It describes how remote sensing uses satellites or aircraft to capture digital images of the Earth's surface, and how GPS uses satellites to provide precise location data. It explains that GIS software allows users to input, store, manipulate, analyze, and display geographic spatial information. The document also provides examples of how GIS is used in various fields like facilities management, environmental analysis, and health.
Geographic information system(gis)
- 2. Geographic Information Technology Basic of GIS
- 3. Elements of Geographic Information Technology 1. Remote Sensing 2. Global Positioning System 3. Geographic Information Systems Basic of GIS (cont.)
- 4. 1.Remote Sensing(RS) ◦ use of satellites or aircraft to capture information about the earth’s surface. ◦ Digital or the images a key product (map accurate digital photos). Basic of GIS (cont.)
- 5. 2. Global Positioning System (GPS) ⚫ a system of earth-orbiting satellites which can provide precise (100 meter to sub-cm.) location on the earth’s surface (in latitude/longitude coordinates or equivalency). Basic of GIS (cont.) SATELLITES GROUND STATION RECEIVERS PERSONAL USES BUSINESS USES
- 6. 3. Geographic Information System(GIS) ◦ Software systems with capability for input, storage, manipulation/analysis and output/display of geographic (spatial) information. Basic of GIS (cont.)
- 7. Geographic Information System 1.Geographic Information System related technology 1.1 Computer Science 1.2 Survey and Mapping 1.3 Database Management System 1.4 Remote Sensing 2. Geographic Information System Analysis 2.1 Manual Approach 2.2 Computer Assisted Approach Basic of GIS (cont.)
- 8. Software Components of GIS (cont.)
- 10. Data Components of GIS (cont.)
- 11. People Components of GIS (cont.)
- 12. Methods or procedures Components of GIS (cont.)
- 13. Spatial Characteristics specifies location stored in a shape file, geo-database or similar geographic file ◦ Raster representation as image files composed of grid-cells (pixels) ◦ Vector representation as geometric objects: points, lines, polygons Characteristics of GIS Information
- 14. Attribute Characteristics specifies characteristics at that location, natural or human- created stored in a data base table - Nominal Level - Ranking Level - Ratio Level Characteristics of GIS Information (Cont.)
- 15. Vector Structure - Point Entities - Linear Entities - Area Entities Raster Structure GIS Structure and Data Input
- 16. Data Input GIS Structure and Data Input(cont.)
- 17. Facilities management Marketing and retailing Environmental Transport/vehicle routing Health Insurance and many more . . . Benefits of Geographic Information System
- 18. END