Geographic Information System.pdf
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This report summarizes a survey of the Taluka Sports Complex in Paithan using Google Earth and GPS. The sports complex was established in 2007 and contains facilities for tennis, football, gymnastics, boxing, squash, and cricket. The total land area is 1.48 acres. GPS was used to obtain latitude and longitude coordinates at 4 points around the complex. When compared to the Google Earth coordinates, small differences of up to 3 meters were found at some points, likely due to GPS or Google Earth inaccuracies. The report concludes that there can be slight differences between coordinates from online maps versus physical measurements.
Geographic Information System.pdf
- 1. Marathwada Shikshan Prasarak Mandal’s Deogiri Institute of Engineering and Management Studies, Aurangabad Survey Report On Taluka Sports Complex, Paithan Submitted By Sandesh Sanjay Bandal (36106) Sumit Santosh Kolhe (36122) TY-B For Continuous Assessment-1 of GIS Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University Lonere (M.S.) Department of Computer Science and Engineering Deogiri Institute of Engineering and Management Studies, Aurangabad (2021- 2022)
- 2. Google Earth Google Earth is a unique geo-mapping and tagging program that uses composite imagery to form a comprehensive, interactive map of the Earth. By stitching together more than a billion satellite and aerial images, the application provides a versatile tool that allows individuals and groups to track climate change, discover unknown geographic and ecological features, and record our history. This digital cartography tool continues to be a useful resource for governments, private organizations and individuals who want to track and tag geographic data to myriad ends. By collecting and curating enormous amounts of data, Google has made it possible for conservationists to observe the shifting patterns of flora and fauna on a global scale, for governments to observe the growth of cities worldwide, and for individuals to tell their personal stories in a unique way. Google Earth has several countries like the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom covered to street level, so you can zoom in and view road names and local businesses and get directions from here to there. The database has a good amount of information on other regions like Western Europe, India and Japan as well, but the rest of the world is hit or miss. While you can zoom in and get a pretty good look at the Egyptian pyramids, you can't see street names or find a grocery store in the area. Google is constantly adding more information to its databases, though, and the maps are getting better with each update.
- 3. This brings us to another source of Google Earth's data: the Google search engine. Part of what makes Google Earth, so addictive is its collaboration with Google search. As you now know from the "How to Find the Fun Stuff" section, when you're viewing a city, you can search for coffee shops, restaurants, grocery stores, bars and tons of other businesses in the vicinity, and you can click on them to get detailed information from the Google search engine. Users can also add a business location to a map by clicking on "Add/Edit a Business Listing" in the Google Earth toolbar. A geographic information system (GIS) is a framework for gathering, managing, and analysing data. Rooted in the science of geography, GIS integrates many types of data. It analyses spatial location and organizes layers of information into visualizations using maps and 3D scenes. With this unique capability, GIS reveals deeper insights into data, such as patterns, relationships, and situations—helping users make smarter decisions. A geographical information system (GIS) is a computer system for capturing, storing, checking, integrating, manipulating, analysing and displaying data related to positions on the Earth's surface. It is thus a way of linking databases with maps, to display information, perform spatial analyses or develop and apply spatial models. How does GIS work? GIS technology applies geographic science with tools for understanding and collaboration. It helps people reach a common goal: to gain actionable intelligence from all types of data. GIS applications are tools that allow users to create interactive queries (user-created searches), analyse spatial information, edit data in maps, and present the results of all these operations. GIS (more commonly GIScience) sometimes refers to geographic information science (GIScience), the science underlying geographic concepts, applications, and systems. Since the mid-1980s, geographic information systems have become valuable tool used to support a variety of city and regional planning functions. TECHNOLOGY Modern GIS technologies use digital information, for which various digitized data creation methods are used. The most common method of data creation is digitization, where a hard copy map or survey plan is transferred into a digital medium through the use of a CAD program, and geo-referencing capabilities. With the wide availability of ortho-rectified imagery (from satellites, aircraft, Helikites and UAVs), heads-up digitizing is becoming the main avenue through which geographic data is extracted. Heads-up digitizing involves the tracing of geographic data directly on top of the aerial imagery instead of by the traditional method of tracing the geographic form on a separate digitizing tablet (heads-down digitizing). Geoprocessing is a GIS operation used to manipulate spatial data. A typical geoprocessing operation takes an input dataset, performs an operation on that dataset, and returns the result of the operation as an output dataset. Common geoprocessing operations include geographic feature overlay, feature selection and analysis, topology processing, raster processing, and
- 4. data conversion. Geoprocessing allows for definition, management, and analysis of information used to form decisions. Many different types of information can be compared and contrasted using GIS. The system can include data about people, such as population, income, or education level. It can include information about the landscape, such as the location of streams, different kinds of vegetation, and different kinds of soil. It can include information about the sites of factories, farms, and schools, or storm drains, roads, and electric power lines. With GIS technology, people can compare the locations of different things in order to discover how they relate to each other. For example, using GIS, a single map could include sites that produce pollution, such as factories, and sites that are sensitive to pollution, such as wetlands and rivers. Such a map would help people determine where water supplies are most at risk. GIS Maps Once all the desired data have been entered into a GIS system, they can be combined to produce a wide variety of individual maps, depending on which data layers are included. One of the most common uses of GIS technology involves comparing natural features with human activity. For instance, GIS maps can display what man-made features are near certain natural features, such as which homes and businesses are in areas prone to flooding. GIS technology also allows users to “dig deep” in a specific area with many kinds of information. Maps of a single city or neighbourhood can relate such information as average income, book sales, or voting patterns. Any GIS data layer can be added or subtracted to the same map. GIS maps can be used to show information about numbers and density. For example, GIS can show how many doctors there are in a neighbourhood compared with the area’s population. With GIS technology, researchers can also look at change over time. They can use satellite data to study topics such as the advance and retreat of ice cover in polar regions, and how that coverage has changed through time. A police precinct might study changes in crime data to help determine where to assign officers.
- 5. INTRODUCTION Taluka Sports Complex, Paithan. Complex area was founded in 2007 with an aim to fulfil the Sports activity needs in the society. Core values of the organization are quality, professionalism and sportsman spirit. It has increased the fitness ratio of people who have access to this organization. It has also been a location to celebrate sports day as we can carry many activities, competitions such as tennis, cricket, football, badminton, boxing, squash, athletics, gymnastics, etc. The Sports Complex has several sports divisions such as: 1) Tennis 2) Football 3) Gymnastic 4) Boxing 5) Squash 6) Cricket
- 6. Longitude and Latitude: - 1) Total Land Area: 1.48 Acres Google Earth: - Points Latitude Longitude P1 19°28'44"N 75°22'45"E P2 19°28'47"N 75°22'48"E P3 19°28'44"N 75°22'52"E P4 19°28'42"N 75°22'46"E
- 7. Actual Location: - Points Latitude Longitude P1 19°28'45"N 75°22'45"E P2 19°28'47"N 75°22'48"E P3 19°28'44"N 75°22'51"E P4 19°28'42"N 75°22'46"E Snapshots of Measurement by Compass: P1 P2
- 8. P3 P4 Difference: Points Latitude Longitude P1 2.22m NIL P2 NIL NIL P3 NIL NIL P4 NIL 2.22m In point P1 (top-right), there is a difference in Latitude value is of 0 0 3 N & 0 0 1 E in Longitude in Google earth and actual values. Similarly, in point P4 (bottom-right) 0 0 2 N & 0 0 4 E, in C (bottom-left) 0 0 3 N & 0 0 2 E are the differences in between values located by google earth and actual values of Latitude and Longitude values.
- 9. Conclusion: - There is a slight difference in latitudes and longitudes when calculated from Google Earth or other Mapping services and the values obtained after physically tracing the area.