Global aid for development1
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This document summarizes information about global aid for development. It discusses reasons for providing aid, categories of aid like humanitarian and development aid. It lists top aid-giving countries and sectors that receive aid in India like education, health, etc. It provides information on impact of various aid organizations like UNICEF, WHO, Room to Read and their contributions to reducing poverty, disease, and improving access to education and sanitation globally.
Global aid for development1
- 1. Global Aid for Development brings substantial change Team members: P.Saravanan (25) V.Muthu vignesh (29) Irfana nigar (23) V.Sesha raja (30) P.Udhaya sankar (18)
- 2. Why Aid ? Reasons : • Unselfish • Selfish Categories: • Humanitarian Aid eg: aid to natural disasters • Development Aid eg: Foreign aid
- 3. Aiding Organizations Within Private organizations government Between government Aid
- 4. MDG
- 5. Countries giving the highest amounts of money for Official Development Assistance 1.United states - $28.67 billion 12.denmark - $2.81 billion 2.France-- $12.43 billion 13.Australia - $2.76 billion 3.Germany - $11.98 billion 14.Belgium- $2.60 billion 4.United kingdom- $11.50 billion 15.Switzerland- $2.31 billion 5.Japan - $9.48 billion 16.Finland- $1.29 billion 17.Australia - $1.15 billion 6.Spain - $6.57 billion 18.Ireland- $1.00 billion 7.Netherlands- $6.43 billion 19.South Korea - $0.9 billion 8.Sweden- $4.55 billion 20.Greece - $0.61 billion 9.Norway - $4.09 billion 21.portugal - $0.51 billion 10.canada- $4.01 billion 22.Luxembourg - $0.40 billion 11.Italy- $3.31 billion 23.New Zealand - $0.31 billion Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- 6. India: Development aid from the UK & other donors • India is one of 22 DFID priority countries. • DFID bilateral expenditure on India in 2009/10 was £295 million. • A similar amount (£280 million) had been allocated to India for 2010/11. • The UK provided India with a total of £1.5 billion in aid. Source:Official Development Assistance (ODA)
- 7. ODA to India, 1990-2008 • The main 15 EU donors and the European Commission (EC) together provided a total of $951 million: 45% of total ODA from all sources. • Multilateral sources, such as the World Bank, accounted for $556 million, 26% of the total. • The UK provided almost 65% of all aid from the EU (Member States and the Commission) to India in 2008, up from less than 15% in 1990. http://www.dfid.gov.uk/About-DFID/Finance-and-performance/Aid-Statistics/Statistics-on- International-Development-2009/
- 8. Aid spent- Indian sectors £s, thousands 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Education 88,366 96,988 54,811 44,075 72,397 Health 71,224 66,110 73,165 98,955 125,020 Social services 8,319 9,738 10,033 13,185 14,792 Water Supply & Sanitation 116 537 1,096 1,823 2,231 Government & Civil 24,856 21,524 28,418 46,552 28,284 Society Economic 53,575 42,186 57,826 51,945 46,995 Environment Protection 8,457 6,452 3,644 14,080 7,250 Research 690 2,208 3,121 3,777 273 Humanitarian Assistance 180 3,524 1,398 1,013 386 Total sector allocable 255,783 249,267 233,511 275,406 297,042
- 9. • Gross National Income per capita was $1,070 in 2008. This places India 163rd in the world. • India - home to one third of the world‟s poor, based on 2005 figures. • Some 456 million people in India were living in on less than the international benchmark level of $1.25 a day. • This is more than double the 208 million in poverty in China in 2005. http://www.dfid.gov.uk/Documents/publications/sid%202009/Bilateral- exp-recipient-country-sector-asia.xls
- 10. With Global Aid The World Bank has forecast that, • poverty in India will fall to 295 million by 2015. • This compares- in sub-Saharan Africa a 5% reduction • China (a 66% reduction of poverty), • with the global total falling to 918 million (a 33% reduction, 453 million taken out of poverty).
- 11. International Development Association (IDA) • IDA is the part of the World Bank that helps the world‟s poorest countries. • Provides interest free credits. • Since inception , totally aided $222 billon. source: www.worldbank.org/ida
- 12. The Results Measurement System It measures results on two levels: Aggregate country outcome: The first tier of the system includes indicators grouped in four categories: • Growth and poverty reduction. • Governance and investment climate. • Infrastructure for development. • Human development.
- 13. IDA’s contribution to country outcome: The second tier of the system draws on – • World Bank self-assessments. • Analysis of the IDA portfolio. • Data from the Independent Evaluation Group (IEG). • The Quality Assurance Group (QAG).
- 14. IDA’s Lending sectors: 18 % 37 % 5% Infra Structure Social 2% Agricultural Industry Finance 8% Public Admin 29 %
- 15. FY10 Top 5 IDA Borrowers ($million) India-2578 Vietnam-1429 Tazania-943 Ethopia-890 Nigeria-889 source: www.worldbank.org/ida
- 16. Charity: Water • Served 17 countries ,1,439,600 people as of 11.01.2010(bangladesh , central-african public, nepal, haithi, india, uganda, tanzania,etc) • Raised $470,000, 100% towards water projects in Central African Republic, Haiti and Ethiopia. • In the return every $1 invested in improved water access and sanitation yields an average of $12 in economic returns depending on the project. • Just $20 can give one person clean water for 20 years..
- 17. Suffering Economies . In Africa economic loss due to lack of safe water and sanitation is $28 billion(about 5% of GDP). (source- 3rd UN World Water Development Report, 2009)
- 18. Water causing poverty Sanitation service Climate shocks Water Food scarcity supply Environmental degradation
- 19. EXAMPLE: Bangladesh Charity-Water has committed $100,000 to help some of the eight million people affected by Cyclone Side get clean water to drink. source: www.charitywater.org
- 20. U.S. Food Aid • U.S. is world‟s leading food aid provider. • It Supplies more than 1/2 of total international food assistance. • In FY2006 supplied 8.2 million tonne‟s to needy people in 73 countries.
- 21. Room to Read • In 2000, Room to Read began working with rural communities in Nepal to build schools and establish libraries. • Expanded rapidly in Vietnam (2001), Cambodia (2002) and India (2003), Sri Lanka(2004), South Africa(2006,) and then Zambia (2007). source : www.roomtoread.org
- 22. Their impact: • 1129 Schools. • 10,000 libraries. • 441 books published. • 8.0 million books were distributed. • 10,042 Girls got Scholarships. • 4.1 million Children Benefited. source : www.roomtoread.org
- 23. Un Techo para mi País (UTPMP) • Works in 19 countries across US to improve quality of life. • UTPMP has aided Haitai by building 10,000 homes by January 2014 in response to earthquake on January 12, 2010. Source: www.utpmp.org
- 24. MEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES(MSF)/ Doctors Without Borders • In 2006, MSF gave 9 million outpatient consultations. • Delivered 99,000 babies. • Treated 1.8 million people for malaria. • Treated 150,000 malnourished children. • Provided 100,000 people living with HIV/AIDS with antiretroviral therapy. • In 2007, MSF-USA raised $152.1 million. • Sent 200 doctors across border to aid people.
- 25. UNICEF • UNICEF operates in 156 countries and is involved in a large number of initiatives. • The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) • Launch of GPEI -1988. • Polio has been reduced by more than 99%. • Till 1988, more than 350,000 children were paralyzed every year in endemic countries. • In 2010, 767 cases have been reported.
- 26. some examples of there impacts are : In West Africa: The Accelerated Child Survival and Development (ACSD) implemented in eleven West and Central African states. • Reducing under-5 mortality by between 10%- 20%(covering approximately 17 million people). • Preventing an estimated 18,000 child deaths a year.
- 27. In Burkina Faso: The incidence of female genital mutilation/cutting was found to have decreased from 66% in 2004 to 40% in 2008. In India: • Significant progress towards the eradication of polio, including a reduction in the number of cases of wild polio virus from 1600 cases in 159 districts in 2002 to 45 cases in 26 districts in 2008. • A school-quality program for disadvantaged children reduced the number of out-of-school children from 958,000 in 2001 to 62,100 in 2007.
- 28. In Darfur: • Crude mortality figures were reduced from 2 in 10,000 in 2004 to 0.8 per 10,000 in 2005 and 0.4 by 2007. • Acute malnutrition among children was reduced from 21.8% to 11.9% over the same period.
- 29. Other achievements by UNICEF: • UNICEF and partners launched the Measles Initiative in 2001 to support government's efforts to tackle measles deaths. • Global measles mortality declined from an estimated 873,000 deaths in 1999 to 45,000 in 2007-8. • In Africa progress has been greater with measles deaths falling by 75 per cent. • The Initiative is on track to see a 90% reduction in measles deaths globally by 2010 compared to 2000 estimates.
- 30. UNAIDS • People living with HIV/AIDS in 2009 is 33.3 million. • This number rose from around 8 million in 1990. NOW: • The overall growth of the epidemic has stabilized . The number has steadily declined due to antiretroviral therapy. • The number of AIDS-related deaths has also declined.
- 31. The Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria (GFATM) • Aid - US$7 billion (as of January 2007) for 136 countries. • A total of US$ 9.8 billion has been contributed through 2008.
- 32. • GFATM tracks high-level results as shown below • HIV: 770,000 people on ARV treatment . • TB: 2 million cases treated under DOTS. • Malaria: 18 million Insecticide-treated nets www.theglobalfund.com
- 33. Malaria success in Africa • Malaria cases have been cut by half in 11 African countries. • Last year Morocco and Turkmenistan were certified malaria-free. source:http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/article954689.ece
- 34. Save The Children Achievements in 2009-2010: • Haiti Earthquake Disaster : aided 682,000 children and adults with lifesaving and life-sustaining assistance. • Child Hunger Crisis. • Preventing HIV/AIDS: created awareness and youth- friendly health services to 700,000 young people to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS.
- 35. • School Health and Nutrition: Our School Health and Nutrition activities have helped more than 2 million children in 20 countries.
- 36. Programs for Children in the United States: Child develop ment Save the literacy nutrition children Physical activity
- 37. UNIFEM(United Nations development Fund for Women ) • In 2009 alone, the Fund-$860 million.
- 38. Reversing the Spread of HIV/AIDS Among Women and Girls: • HIV/AIDS increasingly has a young woman's face with more than 50%. • In Brazil, support was rendered to an organization of Afro-Brazilian women to monitor access to HIV/AIDS-related public services. • UNIFEM also assists HIV-positive women to live without stigma and violence. • Have easy access to drugs. •
- 39. UNHCR • By 2009, more than 26 million forcibly displaced people were receiving protection or assistance from UNHCR. • During its lifetime, the agency has assisted more than 50 million refugees to successfully restart their lives. • More than half of the refugees the agency helps now live in urban areas. • UNHCR have also been helping thousands of people displaced by the crisis in Iraq, both inside and outside the country.
- 40. UNCDF • The United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) offers investment capital. • Capacity building and technical advisory services to promote microfinance and local development in the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) • UNCDF currently invests in 38 LDCs with a total program portfolio amounting to approximately US$200 million • The entire portfolio is benefiting about 25-30 million people
- 41. G8 • As per the World Bank, it will cost developed countries just 2.8 cents per person per week. • Developed nations in all have donated around $2.5 trillion to LDCs.
- 42. • The total Canadian contribution for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health will be $2.85 billion a long-term commitment. • The G-8 has committed an additional $5 billion US in 2007-8.
- 43. Change in economy: • A survey was organized in early 2008 in which 54 developing countries. • And found that more than one third of developing countries had improved their systems for managing public funds. • Almost 90% of donor countries had untied their aid.
- 44. United Nations Development Program UNDP - poverty reduction Focus Areas: • Gender and Poverty. • Development Cooperation and Finance. • Participatory Local Development. • Poverty Assessment and Monitoring. • Inclusive Development
- 45. Practice area Fully achieved Partially achieved Poverty 54% 43% Democratic 55% 40% governance Energy and the 50% 46% environment Crisis prevention and 51% 44% recovery HIV/AIDS 61% 38%
- 46. ONE/DATA • ONE/DATA helped to increase African exports to the US to $44 billion in 2009. • Has created 300,000 jobs in Africa Research by Burnside and Dollar: • Burnside and Dollar recently found that the impact of aid on growth is positive in all countries, • This is indicated by a significant and positive coefficient on the „aid‟ policy interaction in the growth regression.
- 47. Conclusion With the tendency to help others, along with global aid it is possible to make the world flat. “Which is equal for all.” Source:Thomas Friedman's book “The World is Flat”