Globalization and indian railways
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The document outlines the evolution of Indian Railways from its formation post-independence through significant milestones such as gauge conversion, nationalization, and the impact of globalization in 1991. It discusses key institutions, modernization efforts, and infrastructure projects like the Konkan Railway and Dedicated Freight Corridor aimed at improving efficiency and operational capacity. The document also addresses challenges faced and international collaboration in developing advanced rail systems.
Globalization and indian railways
- 2. Railways structured on the basis of five year plans Regrouping Princely State Railways and erstwhile Nationalized Railway Companies into 6 zones by the first Transport Minister of Independent India N. Gopalswamy Iyyengar. Adoption of Gauge Conversion Policy in 1971 Termination of Steam locomotives in 1973 Nationalization and Economic Reforms
- 3. Important Institutions and Functions RDSO (Research, Development and Standard Organization) Formed in 1957 Established to consolidate all technical standard enforcement E.g. Coach Design, Brake Testing and Designing
- 4. RITES (Rail India Technical and Economical Services) Formed in 1974 Established for setting up and operating new Railway Systems Development, Rehabilitation and optimization of existing railways and other transportation systems Operational experience of over 30 countries in Middle East, Africa and Latin America
- 5. CONCOR (Container Corporation) Formed in 1988 Involved in handling of Container Traffic of Indian Railways CONRAJ Service operated by CONCOR is one such example of the container traffic These are High Priority Freight trains that are operated at a speed of 100 kmph
- 6. Globalization and its impact on Railways 1991 as a year of economical transformation. Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization takes birth in India. Indian Railways retained the tag of a Public Sector Undertaking. At the time of Economic Reforms Indian Railways was financially weak Termed as a Time Bomb waiting to explode
- 7. Post Globalization effects Konkan Railway, Pipavav Railway Corporation , Rail Vikas Nigam some prominent examples. Introduction of schemes like OYW ( Own Your Wagon), BOLT (Build Operate Lease Transfer) and BOT ( Build Operate Transfer)
- 8. Are there any evidences of global companies prior to economic reforms? The Swiss Elevator and Car Mfg. company set up the first rail coach factory in Perambur ALCO a USA based company the first diesel locomotive rolled out in 1964 other companies which came into play Jessop and Co., Burn and Co. and Braithwaite and Co. which are now Bhari Udyog Nigam Ltd.
- 9. Setting up of International Institute Of Railways in New Delhi RITES and IRCON – The Technical and Constructional Wing of Indian Railways have worked on several International Projects Setting up of CONCOR in association with International Union of Railways
- 10. Konkan Railways – The evolution During the British Era Western Ghats completely overlooked owing to dense vegetation and rainy climatic conditions Western Ghats remained cut off for 145 years till the conceptualization of Konkan Railway by E.Sreedharan in 1990 Konkan Railway inducted as a private organization on 19th January 1990
- 11. Challenges Faced The agrarian society through which the route was to pass The Religious and Cultural practices followed by the natives Extreme Railways – Konkan Railways The Rocky Terrains The climatic conditions – continuous rainfall and hard rocks and soft soil.
- 12. Why Konkan Railways in Globalization ? Flat trackbed – Completely ballastless. This cuts down the journey between Mumbai and Mangalore to 22 hours Train Speeds – The train speeds on this route at the moment are 120kmph (100 mph) The Konkan Railway plans to increase the speed to 170 kmph Economizing fuel consumption – on an average a diesel locomotive consumes 12000 litres of fuel for a 1000 km journey. But a train passing through Konkan Railways consumes only 8000 litres
- 13. Technically ahead of other Railway Zones ACD or Anti Collision Device spread across the network ROSHAN or Rolling Stock Health Analyst helps in early detect Konkan Railway also provides facility for delivery of tickets in villages too!
- 14. Technical Evolution post 1991 The first 4000 HP locomotive with State-of-the-Art technology and was rolled out in 2002 100% dynamic Braking Capable of hauling a 24 coach train at 160 kmph Co-Co Wheel Design Cost : Approx. 11.5 crores 6000 ltrs Fuel Capacity
- 15. In 2003 Indian Railway introduced German Manufactured ALSTOM LHB coaches Maximum Operating Speed :160 kmph Higher seating Capacity Anti telescopic* CBC- Central Buffer Coupling Controlled Discharge System* Cost : 75 lakhs- 1.8 crores
- 16. The Chittaranjan Locomotive Works rolled out the first state - of Art Electric locomotives WAP5 And WAP7 Engine horsepower for WAP5- 5400 HP and WAP7- 6000 HP Maximum Operating speed- 160kmph Builder: CLW under ToT from Adtranz
- 17. Dedicated Freight Corridor Foundation stone laid in 2009 Expected to be operational by 2016-17 Approx., cost as per Khankodkar committee is 2,40,000 core rupees Speed of freight trains on this stretch estimated to be around 100kmph Two corridors North- South, East to West and diagonals. Trains will be about 100 cars long
- 18. Proposed Corridors Corridor Origin/ Destination Route length Eastern Dankuni - Ludhiana 1800 kms Western Dadri – Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust 1500 kms East – West - 2000 kms North – South - 2173 kms East Coast - 1100 kms Southern Corridor - 890 kms Source: Promoting low carbon transport in India (2012)
- 19. A Comparative Study – Energy Requirements (2016 – 2031) Business As usual (with DFC) Business As usual (without DFC) Low Carbon (with DFC) - 797 - - 1422 - - 1970 - - 2468 - Electricity Consumption Business As usual (with DFC) Business As usual (without DFC) Low Carbon (with DFC) 920 350 920 1360 441 1360 1720 517 1720 2400 588 2040
- 20. Intended to reduce travel time on some of the busiest sections Setting up of High Speed Rail corporation Company set up in 2012 Subsidiary of Rail Vikas Nigam Limited Approximate cost per train set is 120 crores High Speed Corridors
- 21. Routes undergoing Feasibility Study Route Participating companies Total length Pune- Mumbai- Ahmedabad RITES, Systra (France), Italferr (Italy) 650 km Delhi to Patna (via: Agra, Varanasi, Lucknow) Mott McDonald (UK) 991 km Howrah- Haldia Ineco, Prointec, Ayesa (Spain) 135 km Hyderabad- Dornakal- Vijayawada-Chennai Parsons Brickenhoff (India) 664 km Chennai- Bangalore-Coimbatore- Ernakulum –Thiruvananthapuram JARTS (Japan Railway Technical Service) and Oriental Consultants 850km
- 22. What are the bottlenecks? Cost of construction Track alignment Wheel Design Need for an elevated corridor Financial constraints Land Acquisition Fencing of the entire corridor Learn more: Bullet trains
- 23. International Union of Railways Founded in 1922 Objective- Unification and improvement of conditions for establishment and operation of railways concerned with international traffic Conditions to become a member of the UIC include: Having 1000 kms of tracks, gauge dimensions can be standard (4ft 8.5in) or Broad gauge (5ft 6in) total railway systems who are the members of UIC as of 1979 is 39 Remote railways concerned with information, research and standardization is around 25 distributed all over continents
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