Gradle - Build System
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The document provides an overview of Gradle, a general-purpose build automation tool that combines the best features of existing tools like Ant and Maven. It covers key concepts such as projects, tasks, plugins, and dependency management while offering guidance for installing and using Gradle with Java projects. Additionally, the document includes examples and links to references for further reading.
![Gradle Tasks
1
0
task compile {
doLast {
println 'compiling source'
}
}
task compileTest(dependsOn: compile) {
doLast {
println 'compiling unit tests'
}
}
task test(dependsOn: [compile, compileTest]) {
doLast {
println 'running unit tests'
}
}
task dist(dependsOn: [compile, test]) {
doLast {
println 'building the distribution'
}
}
> gradle dist test
:compile
compiling source
:compileTest
compiling unit tests
:test
running unit tests
:dist
building the distribution
BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 1 secs
> gradle dist -x test
:compile
compiling source
:dist
building the distribution
BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 1 secs](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gradleodp-161116045157/85/Gradle-Build-System-11-320.jpg)
![Changing project layout for java plugin
1
5
apply plugin: 'java'
sourceSets {
main {
java {
srcDirs = ['source/main/java']
}
}
test {
java {
srcDirs = ['source/test/java']
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gradleodp-161116045157/85/Gradle-Build-System-15-320.jpg)
Gradle - Build System
- 1. Gradle -‐ Build system Jeevesh Pandey
- 2. Agenda 2 • What and Why? • Key features of Gradle • Project and tasks • Using java/groovy/war/jetty plugins • Manage dependency • Working with multi-‐module project
- 3. What is Gradle? 3 • A general-‐purpose build automation tool. It can automate • building • testing • deployment • publishing • generate static websites • generate documentation • indeed anything else • Designed to take advantage of convention over configuration. • Combines the power and flexibility of Ant with the dependency management and conventions of Maven into a more effective way to build.
- 4. Why Gradle?
- 5. Combines best features from other build tools. Image source : http://www.drdobbs.com/jvm/why-‐build-‐your-‐java-‐projects-‐with-‐gradle/240168608
- 6. Features Image source : http://www.drdobbs.com/jvm/why-‐build-‐your-‐java-‐projects-‐with-‐gradle/240168608
- 8. Installation $ gvm install gradle $ gradle - v $ gradle init $ gradle tasks Using gvm: Ubuntu Access gradle documentation from local file system {USER_HOME}/.gvm/gradle/current/docs/userguide/userguide.pdf In Windows http://bryanlor.com/blo g/gradle-tutorial-how-i nstall-gradle-windows Install Java
- 9. Gradle project 9 • It does not necessarily represent a thing to be built. • It might represent a • library jar • Web-app • distribution zip assembled from the JARs produced by other projects. • thing to be done : deploy to staging server
- 10. Gradle Tasks 1 0 • An atomic piece of work that a build performs. • compile classes • create jar • generate java doc • publish some archive to a repository • Each project is made up of one or more tasks
- 11. Gradle Tasks 1 0 task compile { doLast { println 'compiling source' } } task compileTest(dependsOn: compile) { doLast { println 'compiling unit tests' } } task test(dependsOn: [compile, compileTest]) { doLast { println 'running unit tests' } } task dist(dependsOn: [compile, test]) { doLast { println 'building the distribution' } } > gradle dist test :compile compiling source :compileTest compiling unit tests :test running unit tests :dist building the distribution BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 1 secs > gradle dist -x test :compile compiling source :dist building the distribution BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 1 secs
- 12. Using plugins 1 2 • Gradle core intentionally provides very little for automation. • All of the useful features are added by plugins. e.g. java compile. • Gradle plugins • add new tasks (e.g. JavaCompile) • add domain objects (e.g. SourceSet) • add conventions (e.g. Java source is located at src/main/java) • extends core objects and objects from other plugins • Plugin portal : http://plugins.gradle.org/
- 13. Applying plugins 1 3 Script plugins Binary plugins Using plugins DSL //from a script on the local filesystem or at a remote location. apply from: 'other.gradle' //Applying a binary plugin apply plugin: 'java' //Version is optional plugins { id "com.jfrog.bintray" version "0.4.1" } plugins { id 'java' }
- 14. Using java plugin 1 4 • New/modified tasks • clean, compileJava, classes, jar, uploadArchives, build etc. • Default project layout • src/main/java • src/main/resources • src/test/java • Dependency configurations • compile, runtime, testCompile, archives etc. • Convention properties • sourceSets,sourceCompatibility, archivesBaseName etc.
- 15. Changing project layout for java plugin 1 5 apply plugin: 'java' sourceSets { main { java { srcDirs = ['source/main/java'] } } test { java { srcDirs = ['source/test/java'] } }
- 16. Configure jar manifest apply plugin: 'java' sourceCompatibility = 1.5 //controls jar file name version = '1.0-‐snapshot' archivesBaseName="sample-‐java" //self executable jar jar { manifest { attributes("Main-‐Class": "com.manifest.Application", "Implementation-‐Version": version) } }
- 17. Dependency management apply plugin: 'java' repositories { //mavenLocal() mavenCentral() //maven { url "http://repo.mycompany.com/maven2"} //flatDir { dirs 'lib1', 'lib2'} } dependencies { compile "org.quartz-‐scheduler:quartz:2.1.5" testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.11' compile project(':shared') //project dependency runtime files('libs/a.jar', 'libs/b.jar') //file dependency }
- 18. Using war and jetty plugin apply plugin: "war" //gradle assemble //apply plugin: "jetty" //gradle jettyRun version = "1.0.0" archivesBaseName = "multi-‐web" repositories { mavenCentral() } dependencies { compile project(":utils") compile "javax.servlet:servlet-‐api:2.5" }
- 19. Working with multi-‐project allprojects { task hello << { task -‐> println "I'm $task.project.name" } } subprojects { task onlySubProjectTask << { task -‐> println "I'm $task.project.name" } apply plugin: "java" repositories { mavenCentral() } } task onlyMainProjectTask<< { task -‐> println "Only Main Project Task : ${task.project.name} " } multi-‐project/ |-‐-‐build.gradle |-‐-‐settings.gradle |-‐-‐top | `-‐-‐build.gradle `-‐-‐util `-‐-‐build.gradle rootProject.name = 'multi-‐project' include 'util', 'top' settings.gradle build.gradle
- 20. Q/A 20
- 21. Thank you. 21