GreenComputing_15thFeb16_Siddharth_latest
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Green computing refers to environmentally sustainable computing practices that conserve energy and resources. Computing harms the environment through high energy usage in data centers, hazardous materials in electronics, and large amounts of electronic waste. Approaches to green computing include virtualization, power management, recycling, extending product longevity, and algorithm efficiency. Examples of green computing implementations are search engines like Blackle that save energy through interface design, low power computers like the Fit PC, and cloud-based systems like Zonbu that reduce hardware needs. Transitioning to green computing brings benefits for sustainability and cost savings.
![Special Fact about Blackle
Take at look at Google, who gets about 200 million queries a day.
Let's assume each query is displayed for about 10 seconds; that
means Google is running for about 550,000 hours every day on
some desktops.
Assuming that users run Blackle in full screen mode, the shift to a
black background [on a CRT monitor!] will save a total of 15 (74-
59) watts.
That turns into a global savings of 8.3 Megawatt-hours per day, or
about 3000 Megawatt-hours a year.
Now take into account that about 25 percent of the monitors in the
world are CRTs, and at 10 cents a kilowatt-hour, that's $75,000, a
goodly amount of energy and dollars for changing a few color
codes.
25
VS](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/80d4c50f-e244-4a46-b15b-d3a12f93e503-160222100444/85/GreenComputing_15thFeb16_Siddharth_latest-25-320.jpg)
GreenComputing_15thFeb16_Siddharth_latest
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- 2. Contents • Introduction • What is Green Computing • Why Go For Green Computing • How Computing Harm Environment • Road to Green Computing • Approaches to Green Computing • Simple Tasks to Go Green • Industrial Implementation • Conclusion 2
- 3. What is Green Computing? Green computing or green IT, refers to environmentally sustainable computing or IT. It is “the study and practice of Designing, Manufacturing, Using, and Disposing of computers, servers, and associated subsystems efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment.” Green computing is the environmentally responsible and eco- friendly use of computers and their resources. 3
- 4. Why Go For Green Computing Today, the main problem of the world is Global warming. The atmosphere is becoming hot & is causing many problems to living organisms Tons of Electronic Waste Limited Resources Computers also play a major role in polluting the world. 4
- 5. How Computing Harm Environment Increase in power consumtion and space utilization for data centres. 2007-$4.5 billion of electricity 2011-$7.4 billion of electricity( i.e. 25 power plants) it will double the CO2 output ( 62 million metric tons) by electronic appliances. Desktop requires 85 watts just in idle Mode. Left on 24 hrs/day-1,500 pounds of CO2 per year. A tree absorbs between 3 to 15 pounds of CO2 each year. (up to 500 trees) 5
- 6. How Computing Harm Environment According to reports from the German Federal Environment Office, devices consume around 17 billion (kWh) in a year in standby mode. The CO2 dissipated from ‘sleeping’ devices = 1/7th the CO2 emitted by an automobile. Manufacturers do not provide a proper shut-off button in devices. Windows Vista’s default shut down mode is a deep sleep mode that requires power. 6
- 7. Hazardous materials present inside computers. These are: Lead (disrupt brain neurotransmitters) Mercury (neurological damage) Cadmium (damage your kidneys) 7 How Computing Harm Environment
- 8. Chemical Elements Used: Lead Used in soldering of printed circuit boards and other components Also used in glass for CRTs It is estimated that between 1997 and 2004, 1.2 billion tons of lead was used in computer components The problem: Lead can cause damage to the central and peripheral nervous systems, blood system, kidneys, endocrine system and cause negative effects on child brain development. Lead accumulates in the environment and has toxic effects on plants, animals and microorganisms.
- 9. Chemical Elements Used: Mercury Mercury is used in Batteries, switches, housing, printed circuit boards Mercury is found in medical equipment, data transmission equipment, telecommunications equipment and cell phones as well If is estimated that 22% of the yearly use of mercury is in electrical and electronic equipment The problem Mercury spreads out in water transforming into Methylmercury which easily accumulates in living organisms. Methylmercury can cause chronic brain damage.
- 10. Chemical Elements Used: Cadmium Cadmium is used in resistors for chips, infrared detectors and in semiconductors (like: older CRTs) Estimated that between 1997 and 2004, 2 million pounds of cadmium was used in computer components The problem: Cadmium is classified as toxic, these compounds accumulate in the human body, particularly the kidneys Cadmium is absorbed through respiration. Cadmium has a half life of 30 years so that cadmium can poison a human body slowly through out the human’s life.
- 11. Road to Green Computing Green Use Green Disposal Green Design Green Manufacturing 11
- 12. Green Manufacturing Bamboo : is becoming increasingly popular for making casings for computers and peripherals. Recyclable plastics : Computers are constructed from recyclable plastics i.e. recyclable polycarbonate resin. Eco-friendly flame retardant : There are flame retardant silicone compounds available that are flame retardant and completely non-toxic. Inventory management : Reducing the quantity of both hazardous materials used in the process and the amount of excess raw materials. Volume reduction : Removes hazardous portion of waste from non hazardous portion. 12
- 14. Approaches to Green Computing Virtualization Power Management Storage 14
- 15. Approaches to Green Computing Virtualization: It includes Server virtualization, Desktop virtualization & Storage consolidation. E.g.: Our typical computer used up to a 250 watt power supply; but “thin client” uses a 4.8 watt power supply. 15 Thin Client
- 16. Approaches to Green Computing Power management: Prolong battery life. Reduce cooling requirements. Reduce operating costs for energy and cooling. Lower power consumption. Following the ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface), an open industry standard. 16
- 17. IT Equipment Recycling: If you can extend the working life of your IT products, you reduce the environmental consequences of mining, manufacture, packaging, shipping and disposal. Many organizations, including some manufacturers themselves, are willing to take equipment back and recycle the components into new products. 17 Approaches to Green Computing
- 18. Approaches to Green Computing Product Longevity: Gartner, Inc. research result says that the PC manufacturing process accounts for 70 % of the natural resources used in the life cycle of a PC. Another report from Gartner, Inc. recommends us to go for upgradability and modularity instead of buying new PCs or subsystems. 18
- 19. Operating System Support: Windows 7 includes refinements for more efficient use of operating system by providing timers, processor power management, and display panel brightness facilities. Linux Os utilizing less resources than other Os, and also have a better power management facility. Terminal servers: Terminals can be combined with thin clients, which use up to 1/8 the amount of energy of a normal workstation. 19 Approaches to Green Computing
- 20. Algorithmic efficiency: The Efficiency of algorithms can be described by the amount of Resources it consumes. Algorithms are the base of any computing system or electronic device, each and every computer chip has a certain algorithm that allows it to complete its function. Even though these chips are small, they use a lot of power. 20 Approaches to Green Computing
- 21. Simple Tasks to Go Green Some Basic Steps: Buy and use a low power desktop or a laptop computer (40-90 watts) rather a higher power desktop (e.g. 300 watts). Thin clients can use only 4 to 8 watts of power at the desktop as the processing is done by a server. Buy hardware from manufacturers that have a hardware recycling scheme, and recycle your old computer equipment rather than sending it to landfill. 21
- 22. Simple Tasks to Go Green Turn your computer and monitor off when you are not using it. Enable hibernation using the power management settings. Standby does not save as much power. Replace your CRT screen with an LCD screen. Save Your Paper! Use e-documents more frequently. 22
- 23. Industrial Implementation Blackle (Uses: 59 watt): Search Engine powered by Google. Black Google Would Save 750 Megawatt-hours a Year. Fit-PC (compact, quiet and green): It is a range of state-of-the-art miniature fan less PCs that are extremely small, very low power and have more features than any other PC in their category. Power Consumption: 6W. Zonbu Computer (Power: 20W): Zonbu's hybrid OS combines a robust, yet easy-to-use, linux-based desktop environment with a complementary suite of cloud-based services including: remote access from any browser data synchronization and automatic backups online storage that grows with you the ability to edit and share documents and files on the fly. Consumes one third of the power of a typical light bulb. 23
- 24. 24 Blackle Search Engine Fit PC Zonbu Computer
- 25. Special Fact about Blackle Take at look at Google, who gets about 200 million queries a day. Let's assume each query is displayed for about 10 seconds; that means Google is running for about 550,000 hours every day on some desktops. Assuming that users run Blackle in full screen mode, the shift to a black background [on a CRT monitor!] will save a total of 15 (74- 59) watts. That turns into a global savings of 8.3 Megawatt-hours per day, or about 3000 Megawatt-hours a year. Now take into account that about 25 percent of the monitors in the world are CRTs, and at 10 cents a kilowatt-hour, that's $75,000, a goodly amount of energy and dollars for changing a few color codes. 25 VS
- 26. Conclusion Green computing is not about going out and designing biodegradable packaging for products. Now the time has come to think about the efficiently use computers and the resources which are non renewable. It opens a new window for the new entrepreneur for harvesting with E-Waste materials and scrap computers. The greenest computer will not miraculously fall from the sky one day, it’ll be the product of year of improvements. The beauty of pursuing a green IT/ Computing strategy is its multifaceted benefits. 26
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