![Continue….
[Daulaire, N.(July 12, 1999) Globalization and Health].
Also infectious diseases arise from intensified trade in
particular goods and services this can be observed in
the trends towards globalization of the food industry
data from industrialized countries indicates that up to
10% of populations are affected annually by food borne
diseases (Karfestein et al, 1997).](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groupassignment-180130212024/85/Group-assignment-14-320.jpg)
![Problems…
Fourthly, Cultural deteriorations; the central
problem of today’s global interactions is the tension
between cultural homogenization and cultural
heterogenization argument subspecialties’ into either
an argument about Americanization or an argument
about commoditization also cultural deterioration had
created new markets for films companies, art
impresarios and travel agencies in other way cultural
deterioration is the one of the central forces of the
modern world [Schech and Haggis, 2002]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/groupassignment-180130212024/85/Group-assignment-15-320.jpg)
Group assignment
- 1. Question Answered What are some of problems with Globalization and who does Globalization benefits.
- 2. Introduction Main body Conclusion references
- 3. Introduction…….. Globalization is a complex and multi faceted set of having diverse and widespread impacts on human societies worldwide. It can be defined as “changing the nature of human interaction across a wide range of spheres including the economic, political, social and technological and environmental issues the process of change can be described as globalizing in the sense that boundaries of various kinds are becoming eroded. This erosion can be seen to be occurring along three dimensions: spatial, temporal and cognitive.” (Lee, 2003).
- 4. Introduction…… Historically globalization has evolved through three historical phases. In his best-selling book The Earth Is Flat, Thomas Friedman characterized three phases; Globalization 1.0 lasted from 1492 to 1800 and “shrank the world from a size large to a size medium.” This was the age of mercantilism and colonialism. The driving force was brawn, not brains “how much muscle, how much horse power, wind power, or, later, steam power.
- 5. Introduction Secondly, Globalization 2.0 ran from 1800 to the mid- twentieth century; it was ended by World War II. It “shrank the world from a size medium to a size small.” This was the age of pax Britannica. The driving force was new institutions, particularly the emergence of global markets and multinational corporations (MNCs).
- 6. Introduction….. Thirdly, Globalization 3.0 arrived during the second half of the twentieth century and “is shrinking the world from a size small to a size tiny and flattening the playing field at the same time.” This is stage of pax Americana, and the driving force is the internet, “the new found power for individuals to collaborate and compete globally.” Individuals now communicate, innovate, form groups, conduct business, and move money worldwide just the way MNCs do.
- 7. Continue….. Brains, not brawn or institutions, shape the world economy. And that world now increasingly flat, meaning that every country and civilization can take part. China, India, and potentially, Muslim countries “every colour of human rainbow” can participate in the globalization chat room (Nau, 2008). However all is not perfect by the French President Jacques Chirac, once expressed his concern about globalization he said that Globalization was not improving the lives of those most in need of their promised benefits.
- 8. PROBLEMS WITH GLOBALIZATION Environmental pollution; for over a quarter century researchers have been cognizant of the potential for the rise in trade to negatively impact the environment. Trade has grown substantially over the past 50 years, both in value and volume. Between 1951 and 2004, the average annual growth rate of world trade (by tonnage) was 5.7%; when measured by present value, the average growth rate was 7.4% (Hummels, 2007, p. 133).
- 9. Continue…. Moreover, there has been little (to no) effort exerted at linking up the two broad literatures concerning the direct and indirect effects of globalization on our natural environment. The direct effects include emissions and environmental damage associated with the physical movement of goods between exporters and importers. This includes emissions from fossil fuel use, oil spills, and introductions of exotic species. At the same time, growth in trade and foreign direct investment has numerous indirect effects
- 10. problems Secondly, Terrorism problem; terrorism in general term s refers to the intentional destruction of resources, in particular physical assets the scale, and knowledge assets, i.e. the lives and knowledge of one individual or one group of people. In the eighties already attacks against business or other private interest added up to three quarters of all “anti-US- American” terrorists attacks (Kovsky, 1990).
- 11. Continue…. The Information Technology-revolution and trade liberation did also lead to a re-organisation of and the forming of new alliances between different terrorist groups. IT offers an effective and inexpensive way to co-ordinate terrorist activities across borders. Moreover, IT offers also an instrument for learning about the functioning of firms, governments, markets and their weak points or symbols.
- 12. Continue….. For example, it is not self-evident that somebody abhorring western capitalism will anticipate the symbolic value of WTC, i.e. meaning Wall Street, while setting in the hills of Afghanistan. Another example is the shrewdness by which venerable Islamic charity organizations were hijacked to move large sums of money around the globe (Schneider, 2002).
- 13. Problems…… Thirdly, Spread of diseases; the flow of information, goods, capital and people across political and geographical boundaries has helped spread of deadliest infectious diseases known to human. Through history, early diseases that spread from Asia to Europe were Bubonic plague, influenza of various types and similar infectious diseases. In the current era of globalization, the world is more interdependent than at any time, Efficient and inexpensive transportation has left few places in accessible and increased global trade in agriculture has brought more and more people in contact with animal diseases that have subsequently jumped species cited from
- 14. Continue…. [Daulaire, N.(July 12, 1999) Globalization and Health]. Also infectious diseases arise from intensified trade in particular goods and services this can be observed in the trends towards globalization of the food industry data from industrialized countries indicates that up to 10% of populations are affected annually by food borne diseases (Karfestein et al, 1997).
- 15. Problems… Fourthly, Cultural deteriorations; the central problem of today’s global interactions is the tension between cultural homogenization and cultural heterogenization argument subspecialties’ into either an argument about Americanization or an argument about commoditization also cultural deterioration had created new markets for films companies, art impresarios and travel agencies in other way cultural deterioration is the one of the central forces of the modern world [Schech and Haggis, 2002]
- 16. Problems…. Fifthly, Global climate change; current concerns about global climate can be divided into two main subject; rising average land and sea surface temperatures (‘global warming”), and increasing frequency of extreme weather condition in many parts of the world. There are aetiologically linked, the climatic change has contained the range of infectious diseases, while weather affecting the timing and intensity of outbreaks (Dobson and carper, 1993). Principally due to excessive and inefficient combustion of fossil fuels, leading to the build up of green house gases that trap heat within the atmosphere (McMichael, 1993
- 17. Continue….. Patterns of precipitation have also changed: arid and semi- arid regions are becoming drier, while other areas, especially in mid-to-high latitudes, are becoming wetter, with a disproportionate increase in frequency of the heaviest precipitation events. Sixthly, Unemployment problem; during the past 100 years, enormous advances in technology have revolutionized most aspects of human activity, including commerce, communications, travel, engineering, and health care. These developments have both the products and crucial driving forces of globalization (Sc holte, 2000).
- 18. Continue… Technological change since the last quarter twentieth century has been dominated by unprecedented advances in information and communication technologies (ICTs). ICTs have fundamentally altered the speed and nature of communications in personal and professional settings, Transforming societies and economies. They are increasingly recognized as the causes of unemployment in various sectors as there is reduction in number of labours replaced by the modern machines and modern skills.
- 19. Problems…. Lastly, Overexploitation of natural resources; As the first decade of the new millennium continues to unfold. Africa and Africans continue to face many serious problems of poverty and deprivation; however Africa is blessed with a lot of natural resources such as minerals, natural gases, fuels and forestry resources. It has been suggested that African states, weakened considerably by the forces of globalization,
- 20. Continue…. large countries with a significant level of market power usually behave like monopolistic firms and attempt to manipulate supply to maximize their revenues from exports. Thus, countries that have market power impose restrictions on trade and in dose investment in small countries for their benefits as through over exploitation of natural resources (Klay, 2013 p.147).
- 21. Who does Globalization benefits Although, the world now increasingly flat, meaning that every country and civilization can take part. China, India, and potentially, Muslim countries “every colour of human rainbow” can participate in the globalization chat room (Nau, 2008). But There are most people who does benefit globalization: Foreign investors, Developed countries and Rich people (upper class;
- 22. Continue…. Developed countries; the emergence of the global economy has been facilitated, since 1945, by the significant growth of international trade, as well as of regional and international organizations that govern trade relation since the creation of the General Agreement on Tariffs and trade (GATT) in 1994, member states have undertaken successive rounds of negotiations to reduce barriers to trade, 1995. The economic impacts of this proliferation i bilateral, regional and international trade agreements has been enormous, since 1950, gross world production has increased five-fold while world trade has increased fourteen-fold (Lang, 2001)
- 23. Continue…. However most benefited on this trade revolution are developed countries as they control world market, through exportation of manufactured goods to the rest of the worlds which from has generated a lot of income and triggered development in economically, socially, culturally, politically and military affairs
- 24. Continue….. Foreign investors; Economic globalization describes the restructuring of the world economy, from one centred on production and exchange relations between economic entities located in different countries (international economy), towards “a highly complex, kaleidoscope structure involving the fragmentation of many production processes and their geographical relocation on a global scale in ways which slice through national boundaries”(Dicken, 1998)
- 25. Continue…. This has emphasized influx of foreign investors various countries blessed resources for stance African countries which are gifted a lot of natural resources i.e. minerals, energy resources. Globalization has benefited by investors as through free trade foreigners across boundaries to the lest of the world for investment also technological advancement and transport system has marked a easy way for investors to persuade their manage mental functions.
- 26. Continue….. Richest people (Upper class); A part from developed countries and foreign investors another part benefited from globalization Examples include global environmental change, undocumented population mobility (e.g. trafficking of people), and money laundering along with changes to spatial boundaries, Lee (2003)argues that globalization is leading to changes in how we experience and perceive time. Globalization is shaping the timeframe in which
- 27. Continue…. natural and human-induced phenomena take place; in developing countries richest people are the one who benefits globalization as they have a large capital to invest in various insures and also use capital to buy machines from abroad for stance in Tanzania BAKHRESA and MOHAMED DEWJI is an example of the rich people who benefit globalization as has used it by construction of industries which manufacture foods and other domestics products.
- 28. conclusion Generally; despite the contested nature of globalization and the continued debates about its scope, pace and driving force, there is a clear need for better conceptual and empirical understanding of the specific impacts of globalization. And it is shown that globalization has both positive and negative consequences on the human life some of the positive consequences are
- 29. Continue…. Advancement on transport system i.e. construction of electronic trains, simplicity on communication among the people i.e. people in America can communicate direct with one from Africa, simplicity on trade activities i.e. advancement in money system make the trade easy one can do bank transactions while sited at home, Easy narration of information from one place to another this is due to the development of Information Technology(IT), Globalization has facilitated improvement on security system and military advancement.
- 30. References Henry R. Nau, Perspectives on International Relations 2nd Edition, 2008. Dicken P. Global shift; Transforming the world economy 3rd Edition, London, sage, 1998. Dr. George klay kieh Jr, Africa and the new Globalization, 2013. Lee K. Globalization and health, an introduction, London, Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. Kaferstein fk et al, Food borne diseases control; a Transnational challenges Emerging infectious Diseases, 1997
- 31. Continue….. Scholte JA Globalization, a critical Introduction, London, Palgrave Macmillan, 2000. David Hummels, 2007, “Transportation costs and International trade in the second era of globalization,” Journal of Economic perspectives, 21(3); 133. Steve Kovsky “corporate Terrorism: A new global Threat” Management review 79, 1990. Friedrich Schneider “Macroeconomics; The financial flow of Islamic Terrorism, 2002 Dobson A, Carper R. Biodiversity lancet 1993.
- 32. Continue….. Dobson A, Carper R. Biodiversity lancet 1993. Lang T. Trade, public Health and Food in: McKee Mg, Stott R, International cooperation in Health, London, Oxford university press, 2001. McMichael AJ, planetary overload; global environmental change and the health of the human species Cambridge, Cambridge university press, 1993. Susanne schech and Jane Haggis, Development; a cultural studies Reader, 2002
- 33. MAY GOD BLEESS YOU @2018