Group Dynamics
- 3. Presented to, Dr. Riffat-un-Nisa Awan Presented by, Syeda Mehvish Dildar
- 5. “Two or more individuals interacting with each other in order to accomplish a common goal.”
- 6. GROUP: A group may be defined as a number of individuals who join together to achieve a goal. People join groups to achieve goals that cannot be achieved by them alone. Johnson & Johnson (2006) .
- 7. Group dynamics contains two terms: group and dynamics. Group is basically a collectivity of two or more persons. Dynamics comes from Greek word meaning FORCE. Thus, “Group dynamics is concerned with the interactions of forces among group members in a social situation.”
- 8. Two or more people Shared goals People see themselves As members There is interaction Among members Group
- 10. FORMAL GROUPS – created by the organization, intentionally designed to direct its members toward some organizational goals. COMMAND GROUP – determined by the connections between individuals who are a formal part of the organization. TASK GROUP – formed around some specific task.
- 11. INFORMAL GROUPS – develop naturally among an organization’s personnel without any direction from the management of the organization within which they operate INTEREST GROUP – a group of employees who come together to satisfy a common interest FRIENDSHIP GROUPS – informal group that develop because their members are friends, often seeing each other outside of the organization.
- 12. Who won, and why? Did your group act like this… … Or like this? Groups with High Cohesiveness Get Better Results!
- 14. Members get to know each other & set ground rules Members come to Resist Control by group Leaders & Show hostility Members Work Together developing Close Relationships & feelings of Cohesiveness Group members work towards Getting their jobs done Group may disband either after meeting their goals or because members Leave Stage I Forming Stage II Storming Stage III Norming Stage IV Performing Stage V Adjourning
- 16. Group dynamics: An optimum model
- 17. Group Task and Group Productivity The more complex the task, the more it is non-routine and requires a range of skills, the more important group process becomes! • People can be more productive when working in groups than when working alone, if the obstacles to group productivity are avoided. • Synergy is a biological term referring to an action of two or more substances that result in an effect that is more than the mere summation of the individual substances; the whole is more than the sum of its parts (2 + 2 = 5). • Process loss is the difference between what is actually produced by a group and what could have been produced by the group when you consider its inputs (2 + 2 = 3).
Editor's Notes
- #11: The most basic way of identifying types of groups is to distinguish between formal groups and informal groups. Command group: i.e. those who legitimately can give orders to others determined by the organization’s rules regarding who reports to whom, and usually consist of a supervisor and his or her subordinates. Task group: unlike command groups, a task group may be composed of individuals with some special interest or expertise in a specific area regardless of their positions in the organizational heirarchy.
- #12: one key factor in the formation of informal groups is a common interest shared by its members --- called an interest group the common goal sought by members of an interest group may unite workers at many different organizational levels. the key factor is that membership in an interest group is voluntary. Friendship groups extend beyond the workplace because they provide opportunities for satisfying the social needs of workers that are so important to their well-being. Informal work groups are an important part of life in organizations. Although they develop without direct encouragement fro management, friendships often originate out of formal organizational contact. ----- friendship can bind people together, helping them cooperate with each other, having beneficial effects on organizational functioning.