Growth & Devt
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The document discusses the importance of studying growth and development in children, outlining the stages from prenatal to adolescence and emphasizing the need for understanding each child's unique developmental patterns. It defines key concepts such as growth, development, maturation, and highlights the interrelated factors influencing a child's development, including health, nutrition, and socio-economic environment. The principles of growth underscore that every child is unique, with growth being a continuous and orderly process.
Growth & Devt
- 1. GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT Nirmala Roberts Paediatric Nursing
- 2. Why study Growth & Development? Know what to expect of a particular child at any age Assess child in terms of norms Guide in terms of more mature forms of behaviour Understand behavioural patterns of adults who care for children Diagnose malnutrition, infections & other diseases affecting G & D Recognize potential problems and strengths Assist parents to achieve optimum G & D Plan for comprehensive care of the child Work with children effectively in health & disease
- 3. GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT The sum of numerous changes that take place during the life time of an individual. A dynamic process with inter related dimensions. Growth тАУ Increase in size or weight of a whole or any of its parts (quantitative) = Physical maturation Development тАУ Emergence/ expansion of individual capacities through growth, maturation and learning (qualitative) = Functional maturation Maturation тАУ Increase in competence and adaptabilityтАжto function at a higher level
- 4. STAGES OF DEVELOPMENTтАж Prenatal тАУ Conception to birth Germinal : Conception тАУ 2 weeks Embryonic : 2 тАУ 8 weeks Fetal : 8 тАУ 40 weeks (birth) Infancy тАУBirth to 12 months Neonatal : Birth to 28 days Infancy : 29 days to 12 months (Rapid growth rate & total dependence) (Rapid motor, cognitive and social devt. тАШTrust тАЩ)
- 5. тАжSTAGES OF DEVELOPMENTтАж Early childhood тАУ 1 тАУ 6 years Toddler : 1 тАУ 3 years Preschooler : 3 тАУ 6 years Middle childhood тАУ School age 6 тАУ 12 years Later childhood -11 тАУ 19 years Prepubertal : 10 тАУ 13 years Adolescence : 13 тАУ 18 yearrs ((Intense activity, discovery, physical & personality devt. тАШ AutonomyтАЩ, тАШInitiative тАЩ) - Physical, mental & social devt, peer relationships, skill competencies and self concept. тАШIndustryтАЩ (Rapid maturation and change, redefining of self concept. тАШIdentity тАЩ)
- 6. PRINCIPLES OF GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT (PATTERNSтАжTRENDS..) Basic rule тАУ Every child is unique - Growth is continuous, orderly & progressive - Growth is universal and basic to all Directional trend тАУ Cephalocaudal, proximodistal, general to specific Sequential trend Developmental pace Sensitive periods Individual differences Cycles of behaviour Optimal tendency & terminal points Inter-relatedness Secular trends
- 7. PATTERNS OF GROWTH General 120 140 160 180 200 100 80 60 40 4 8 12 20 18 0 20 Lymphoid Neural Genital Growth % Age in years
- 8. Child Development & interaction between various factors Play & activity Illnesses Nutrition Heredity Socio economic Environment Seasons/ O2 conc Socio-psychologic Neuro endocrine
- 9. Thanx