Hardware- the entire parts of a computer
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This document defines and describes various computer hardware components. It begins by defining computer hardware as the physical parts of a computer system, including the processor, memory, buses, and peripherals. It then lists and describes both essential internal components like the CPU, motherboard, memory, and hard disk, as well as optional external components like the keyboard, monitor, mouse, printers, and scanners. For each component, it provides details on what it is, its purpose, and common types. The document aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the main hardware that makes up a computer system.
Hardware- the entire parts of a computer
- 2. Dr. Md. Shiful Islam Assistant Professor Department of Information Science & Library Management University of Dhaka
- 3. Group 1 1.Kazi Nashid Morsheda(47) 2.Rumana Rahman Shithi(103) 3.MST. Mahfuza Akter(37) 4.Sazzadul Karim(01) 5.Md. Tazmul Islam Taz(23)
- 5. Definitions of computer hardware Essential hardware Components of computer system Optional hardware components of computer system
- 6. According to Tim Fisher- Hardware, in the computer world, refers to the physical components that make up a computer system. According to Alan Clements- Hardware means all the parts of the computer that are not software. It includes processor, its memory, the buses that connect devices together and the peripheral. So we can say, all the components of the computer system including wires and cables connecting to the CPU and other components of the computer system are collectively called computer hardware.
- 7. Hardware without software is like a car with no driver, it is useless. The hardware may be off-line that is detached from the computer and operating independently or they may be on line that is directly connected to and controlled by the computer. Example: A printer is an off- line device and a keyboard is a on-line device. External Hardware components Internal Hardware components
- 8. 1. Keyboard 2. Monitor 3. Mouse 4. Computer cases/System box/System Unit 5. CD-ROM 6. DVD Drive 7. Floppy drive 8. Central Processing Unit(CPU) 9. Motherboard 10. Memory 11. Hard Disk 12. Printer
- 9. Keyboard is a panel of keys that operate a computer or typewriter. It is an input device that enables us to enter data into a computer. Computer keyboards are similar to electronic type writer keyboards but contain additional keys. Keys On Keyboard: The keys on computer keyboards are often classified as follow: 1. Alphanumeric keys: Letters & Numbers. 2. Punctuation keys: Comma, Semicolon. 3. Special keys: Arrow keys, Caps lock keys, Control keys and so on.
- 10. Monitor is one of the important output devices of computer. It is a display screen, looks like a television screen. It is used to provide visual output from a computer. Types of monitor: Monitors are of three types based on colours. These are:- 1. Monochrome monitors: Display only one colour against a contrasting. 2. Grayscale monitor: This monitor display gray against a white or off-white background. 3. Colour monitor: Displays 16 colours to 16 million colours.
- 11. 1.LCD- Stands for liquid crystal display. Example: The newer, flatter type of computer screen. 2. CRT- Stands for cathode ray tube. Example: the traditional glass-screen, television set like monitor.
- 12. A hand operator electronic device that controls the co-ordinates of a cursor on our computer screen as we move it around on a pad, on the bottom of the device is a ball that rolls on the surface of the pad. Types of mouse: There are three types of mouse: 1.Early Mouse 2. Mechanical Mouse 3. Optical Mouse
- 13. Douglas Engel Bart with his First invented Early mouse Both Sides Of A Mechanical Mouse Both Sides Of An Optical Mouse
- 14. Computer case is the enclosure that contains most of the components of a computer. It also provides the framework of the whole computer system & it includes the power supply that will run the computer. Most computers contain the following devices inside the case: 1. System board 2. Floppy drive, hard drive & CD-ROM/DVD drive 3. Power supply with power cables 4. Circuit boards 5. Cables connecting devices to circuit board
- 15. CD-ROM or CD-ROM Drive: The full meaning of CD-ROM drive is a Compact Disk-Read Only Memory. It is connected with a computer on which a CD-ROM can be “played” drive& this device can write data onto or reads from a storage medium. DVD Drive: DVD drive stands for Digital Video Disc or Digital Versatile Disc. This is an optical digital disc for storing movie’s & data. The disc uses the same diameter plotter as a CD, but holds 4.7GB rather than 700MB. Whereas CDs use only one side, DVDs can be recorded on both sides as well as in dual layers. DVDs are made in a ROM in erasable & recordable formats. Though DVD players can usually read CDs, CD players can’t read DVDs.
- 16. Floppy Drive It is a secondary storage device which is used in desktop computers to store information of floppy disks floppy disk are for small amounts of data. The floppy disk is made of plastic, aluminum & a piece of film. Floppy drives works by storing data on floppy disk. A disk is inserted into the drive & a special magnetic arm writes the data onto the film inside the disk. To protect the data, a thin cover on a spring system is placed on the top of the disk. Floppy Disk Floppy Drive
- 17. Central Processing Unit (CPU): The most important hardware device in a computer system is the central processing unit or CPU which carries out the instruction of a computer program by performing basic arithmetical, logical & input/output operations of the system. Motherboard: The largest & most important circuit board in the computer is the motherboard. Motherboard also known as main board or system board, which contains the CPU. The motherboard is the most complicated piece of equipment inside the case because all devices in a computer are either installed directly or linked to it by expansion cards.
- 18. Memory: In computing, memory refers to the physical devices used to store programs or data on a temporary or permanent basis for use in a computer or other digital electronic devices. Types of memory: There are two types of memory- 1.Primary memory: It is the working memory or the memory that can be used at run time only when the computer is switched on. This memory is accessible directly by the processing unit. Example: RAM RAM
- 19. 2.Secondary memory: Secondary memory is also known as storage. Primary memory is much faster than secondary memory and more expensive. Example- Optical Disk Hard Disk: A hard disk is a device for storing and retrieving digital information. It consists one or more rigid rapidly rotating disk coated with magnetic material arrangement to write data to the surfaces and read it from them. Optical Disk Hard Disk
- 20. Printer Printer is a computer peripherals device and the most commonly used output device that produce a hard copy from data stored in a computer connected to it. Types of printers: There are two types of printers- a. Impact Printer- Typewriter b. Nonimpact Printer-Laser printers, Inkjet, Thermal & Photo printer. Printer
- 21. 1. Joy stick 2. Scanner 3. Digitizer 4. TV Card 5. CD Writer 6. Optical Mark Reader(OMR) 7. Barcode Reader 8. Sound Card 9. Speaker 10. Network Interface Card(NIC) 11. UPS
- 22. Joy stick is a pointing device which is used to move cursor position on a monitor screen. Basically it is an input device of the computer system that is mainly used in CAD (Computer Aided Designing) and playing computer games. It consists of a handle that can be moved in all four directions. The function of joystick is similar to that of a mouse. Joy stick
- 23. Scanner is an input device that used for digitizing images such as photographs, forms, documents etc into computer memory. It is used to scan images or documents as well as OCR ( Optical character Recognition), OMR (Optical Mark Recognition) and many other detecting censors. There are three basic types of scanner : (a) Flatbed (b) Sheet-fed (c) Handheld . Scanner
- 24. Flatbed Scanner Sheet-Fed Scanner Handheld Scanner
- 25. Digitizer is used to create drawings and pictures using a digitizer tablet by a process called digitizing. It consists of three main parts - 1. A flat surface called ‘tablet’ 2. A small handheld mouse like device called ‘Puck’ 3. A special pen like device called ‘Stylus’ . Tablet
- 26. TV card is a device by which with association of monitor television’s programs are seen. Two types of TV cards are used in computers : •Internal •External External TV Card Internal TV Card
- 27. A CD Writer is a common drive included on today’s computers. It allows us to read and write CD-ROM disks and use for copying data from a computer onto a CD. CD Writer
- 28. OMR(Optical Mark Reader): It’s a especial type of optical scanner used to recognize the type of mark made by pen or pencil. It is especially used for checking the answer sheets of examination having multiple choice question. Barcode Reader: It is an optical scanner used for reading bar coded data. The barcode reader reads the bar-coded data and converts it into electrical pulses, which are then processed by the computer. OMR Barcode Reader
- 29. A sound card (also known as an audio card) is an internal computer expansion card that facilitates the input and output of audio signals to and from a computer under control of computer programs.
- 30. With almost every sound card you'll have four connections: 1. sound out or line out, 2. sound in or line in, 3. Microphone and 4. MIDI(Joystick)
- 31. Definition: A device that converts analogue signal in to the equivalent air vibration in order to make audio sound.
- 32. Definition: Network interface card is the card that physically makes the connection between the computer and the network cable. Role of NIC: The role of the NIC is to: Prepare data from the computer for the network cable. Send the data to another computer. Control the flow of data between the computer and the cabling system. Receive incoming data from the cable and translate it into bytes that can be understood by the computer's central processing unit (CPU).
- 33. Definition: Uninterrupted power supply is an electrical apparatus that provides emergency power to a load when input power source, typically main power, fails. Types of UPS •Stand by •Line interface •Stand by online hybride •Stand by frro •Double conversion online •Delta conversion UPS
- 34. Thank you all
Editor's Notes
- #16: DVD Drive