Harsh billore (cell the functional unit of life & cellular organisation)
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The document discusses cellular organization, introducing key concepts such as cell theory, which states that all living organisms are made up of cells and that cells arise from pre-existing cells. It also differentiates between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, unicellular and multicellular organisms, and compares animal and plant cells based on their characteristics. The summary includes historical milestones in cell biology and the variation in size and shape of cells related to their functions.
Harsh billore (cell the functional unit of life & cellular organisation)
- 1. Cellular organization Presented by- Harsh Wardhan Billore M. Pharm 1st semester Subject:-Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (Branch :-Pharmaceutics) Guided by- Mr. Rajiv Saxena ( Associate Professor ) Smriti College of Pharmaceutical Education ,Indore
- 2. Cell is the basic Structural and functional unit of living organisms. All living organisms, whether plants or animals, are made up of microscopic units called cells Cell
- 3. Cell Theory Cell theory is a collection of ideas and conclusions from many different scientists over time that describes cells and how cells operate. 1 2 3 All known l iving things are made up of one or more cells. All l iving cells arise from pre- existing cells by division. The cell i s the basic unit of structure and function in all l iving organisms.
- 4. 1665 Cell Theory Timeline Robert Hooke Discovered cell 1674 Anton Van Leeuwenhoek Observed living cell 1831 Robert Brown Discovered nucleus
- 5. 1835 Felix Dujardin Discovered fluid content of cell 1838 Matthias Schleiden Proposed all plants are made up of cells 1839 J. E. Purkinje Named fluid content of cell as protoplasm Cell Theory Timeline
- 6. 1839 Theodor Schwann Proposed all animals are made up of cells 1845 Carl Heinrich Braun Proposed cell is the basic unit of life 1855 Rudolf Virchow Proposed all cells arise from pre- existing cells Cell Theory Timeline
- 7. Size of Cells •Cells vary in size. •Most cells are very small (microscopic), some may be very large (macroscopic). •The unit used to measure size of a cell is micrometer. • Smallest cell • Mycoplasma • Size: 0.1 µm • Largest cell • Ostrich egg • Size: 18 cm 1 µm = 1 / 1000 millimeter
- 8. Size of Cells in Humans Smallest cell Sperm cell Size:5 µm Largestcell Ovumcell Size:120 µm Longest cell Nerve cell Size:1 m
- 9. Shape of Cells •Cells vary in shape. •Variation depends mainly upon the function of cells. Human RBCs are circular biconcave for easy passage through human capillaries. Nerve cells are branched to conduct impulses from one point to another. Human WBCs can change their shape to engulf the microorganisms that enter the body.
- 11. Difference Between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic cell
- 12. 1. Nucleus is undeveloped 2. Only one chromosome is present 3. Membrane bound organelles are absent 4. Sizeranges from 0.5-5 µm 5. Examples: Bacteria and blue green algae 1. Nucleus is well developed 2. More than one chromosomes are present 3. Membrane bound organelles are present 4. Sizeranges from 5-100 µm 5. Examples: All other organisms Prokaryotic cell Eukaryotic cell
- 13. Difference Between Unicellular and Multicellular :-
- 14. •All living beings, plants and animals, start their life with a single cell. • Some organisms exist as a single cell and carry out the various metabolic life processes such as assimilation, respiration, reproduction, excretion, etc., that are essential for their survival. • These are known as unicellular organisms. • Example: Yeast, bacteria, , amoeba •Multicellular organisms are organisms that consist of more than one cell •Some cells divide and give rise to organisms with more than one cell. • These organisms are termed as multi-cellular. • Example: animals, humans, most plants Unicellular organism Multicellular organism
- 15. Difference Between Animal cell and Plant cell
- 16. 1. Generally small in si ze 2. Cell wall i s absent 3. Plastids are absent 4. Vacuoles are smaller in si ze and less in number 5. Centrioles are present 1. Generally large in size 2. Cell wall is present 3. Plastids are present 4. Vacuoles are larger in size and more in number 5. Centrioles are absent Animal cell Plant cell