Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of independent India. He was born in 1889 to a wealthy Kashmiri Brahmin family in Allahabad. Nehru was deeply involved in the Indian independence movement under Mahatma Gandhi. As Prime Minister from 1947-1964, he established India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic and oversaw its emergence as a global leader. Nehru pursued policies of non-alignment, planned economic development, and established many educational and scientific institutions that still bear great importance in India today. He is remembered as the architect of modern India.