Harsh ntpc
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NTPC Dadri power plant has an installed capacity of 2642 MW including 1820 MW from thermal units and 817 MW from gas units. It sources coal from Piparwara mine in Jharkhand and water from Upper Ganga Canal. The basic processes include coal handling, combustion in boilers to produce steam, steam passing through turbines to generate electricity, and condensation of steam in condensers. Key components are coal handling plant, boilers, turbines, condensers, cooling towers, ESPs for emissions control, and chimney. Fly ash is a byproduct that is used in construction materials.
Harsh ntpc
- 1. Summer Training At NTPC (DADRI) SUBMITTED BY - SUBMITTED TO - Harsh Kumar Mr. Ajay Kumar ME - 4th year, Sec.-A ME Deptt. Roll. No. - 1202940074
- 2. About NTPC NTPC is India’s largest energy conglomerate with roots planted way back in 1975 to accelerate power development in India. NTPC became a Maharatna company in May 2010, one of the only four companies to be awarded this status. NTPC was ranked 431st in the ‘2015, Forbes Global 2000’ ranking of the World’s biggest companies. The total installed capacity of the company is 45,548 MW (including JVs) with 18 coal based and 7 gas based stations. 7 Joint Venture stations are coal based and 8 renewable energy projects and 1 hydro project. Although the company has 17.73% of the total national capacity, it contributes 25.91% of total power generation due to its focus on high efficiency.
- 3. INSTALLED CAPACITY S.No. NO. OF PLANTS CAPACITY (MW) NTPC Owned Coal 18 34,425 Gas/Liquid Fuel 7 4,017 Hydro 1 800 Renewable energy projects 8 110 Total 34 39,352 Owned By JVs Coal & Gas 7 6,196 Total 41 45,548
- 4. NTPC - Dadri TOTAL CAPACITY OF DADRI POWER PLANT :- (A) THERMAL (B) GAS I:- 04X210 MW = 840 MW I:- 04X130.19 II:- 02X490 MW = 980 MW II:- 02X154.51 TOTAL = 1820 MW TOTAL = 817 MW (C) SOLAR = 05MW GRAND TOTAL = 2642 MW
- 5. SOURCES Coal source - Piparwara mine , Jharkhand - Requirement = 13000 MT/day Water source - Upper Ganga Canal Gas source - HBJ Pipeline (a major gas pipeline of GAIL) Hazira-Bijaipur-Jagdishpur
- 6. Layout of a typical coal fired thermal power station
- 7. Basic Working of Thermal Power Plant
- 8. Working of a Thermal Power Plant The coal is brought and crushed to powder. This is feed to boiler for producing heat . In Boiler the water is converted to steam. In Superheater the moisture content is removed from the steam and that steam is called super heated steam. The superheated steam rotates the shaft of the High Pressure(HP) turbine. The exhausted steam is sent to Reheater and the steam then rotates the Intermediate Pressure (IP) turbine. The steam from the IP Turbine is then feed to Low Pressure(LP) turbine. The turbine shaft is connected to the Generator, which produces electric power. The steam expanded in turbine is condensed in a Condenser to be feed into the boiler again.
- 9. Basic Power Plant Cycle
- 10. COAL HANDLING PLANT Raw coal wagon – Coal is brought to the site through a wagon as per the requirement. Wagon tippler – The coal is unloaded from the wagon and is transported to crusher and for storage place through conveyor. Junction tower - JTs are used where the conveyor has any angular deviation. Primary crusher – The raw coal is crushed into fine pieces of 45mm grit. Primary crusher is also called Rotatory breaker since the coal is crushed by rotating plate. The stone and unwanted coal are rejected
- 11. Secondary crusher – The fine pieces of coal is crushed into powder . (25 mm grit). Junction Tower Mill Bunker – The 25 mm grit coal is crushed into very fine powder for feeding the boiler . We have a spare bunker for each boiler. Boiler Stack & Reclaimer – It is used to store the powdered coal for emergency purpose. Atmospheric air –Through FD fan
- 12. BOILER A Boiler is a closed vessel in which water is heated to produce steam by utilizing the heat generated by coal combustion. Boilers are classified into two types based on relative position of water and hot gases :- Water tube boilers Fire tube boilers In Water tube boiler, water flows through tubes and hot gases of combustion flow over these tubes. This is high pressure boilers.
- 13. In Fire tube boiler, the hot products of combustion passes through tubes surrounded by water . This is low pressure boiler. In Dadri power plant, Water tube boiler is used. Saturated steam is generated at a pressure of around 2000-2200 KPa. It is then heated in Superheater.
- 14. Auxilliary Components Of a Boiler Superheater Economizer Air-preheater Reheater Deaerator
- 15. Superheater Superheaters are used to raise the steam temperature above the saturation temperature by absorbing heat from flue gases to increase plant efficiency. It removes last traces of moisture and therefore prevents turbine blades from corrosion. Outlet temperature and pressure of steam coming out from the superheater is 540 °C & 157 kg/cm²
- 16. Economiser, Air-preheater & Reheater An Economizer is a heat transfer device used for heating the feed water with the help of hot flue gases. It improves the efficiency of the power plant. Air-preheater is a device which utilizes the waste heat of the flue gases leaving the Economizer for heating the air required for combustion. Reheater is used to increase the temperature of exhaust steam from HP turbine by utilizing the heat of the hot flue gases leaving the chimney.
- 17. Deaerator A steam generating boiler requires that the boiler feed water should be devoid of air and other dissolved gases, particularly corrosive ones. In order to avoid corrosion of the metal, power station uses a Deaerator, for the removal of air and other dissolved gases from the boiler feed water. A Deaerator has a vertical, domed deaeration section mounted on top of a horizontal cylindrical vessel which serves as a deaerated boiler feed water storage tank.
- 18. PRIME MOVER(TURBINE) A steam turbine is a mechanical device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam, and converts it into mechanical energy. About 86% of all electric generation in the world is by use of steam turbines. In a thermal power plant generally 3 turbines are used to increase the efficiency. High Pressure Turbine(HPT): The superheated steam is directly fed to this turbine to rotate it. Intermediate Pressure Turbine (IPT) : The output from the HPT is reheated in a reheater and used to rotate IPT. Low Pressure Turbine (LPT):The Exhausted steam from the IPT is directly fed to rotate the shaft of LPT. All the turbines are connected to a single shaft which is connected to the generator.
- 21. CONDENSER It condenses the steam at the exhaust of the turbine with the help of cooling water. It creates a very low pressure at the exhaust of turbine, this helps in converting heat energy of the steam into mechanical energy in the prime mover. Condensed steam can be used as feed water to the boiler.
- 22. COOLING TOWER Removes heat from the water discharged from the condenser so that the water can be discharged into the river or recirculated or reused. Air can be circulated in the cooling tower through natural draft and mechanical draft.
- 24. ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR (ESP) Top view Side View It is a device which removes dust or other finely divided particles from flue gases by charging the particles inductively with an electric field, then attracting them to highly charged collector plates. Also known as precipitator. The process depends on two steps. In the first step the suspension passes through an electric discharge (corona discharge) area where ionization of the gas occurs. The ions produced collide with the suspended particles and confer on them an electric charge. The charged particles drift toward an electrode of opposite sign and are deposited on the electrode where their electric charge is neutralized. It has an efficiency of 99.8 % and it is a very high power consuming device of about 1 kwh for 10 thousand m³ of flue gas.
- 25. PRIMARY AIR FAN (PAF) Air to blow the coal from the mill to the boiler, called the primary air, is supplied by a large fan driven by a variable speed motor. When mixed with a stream of air the powdered coal behaves more like a gas than a solid. Primary air does two jobs – heating the coal powder and secondly lifting it into the furnace through pipelines.
- 26. INDUCED DRAUGHT (ID) FAN It is draws out hot flue gases from the boiler. The gas has already passed out from Air- preheater and Electrostatic precipitator before it reaches ID fan. The heat from the flue gases or smoke is used in the air heaters to heat up the primary and secondary air.
- 27. CHIMNEY The chimney is 275 meters' high and 50,000 tonnes of reinforced concrete were used to make it. It consists of flues each of which serve typically two or three boilers. It is used to discharge flue gases at high altitude.
- 28. ELECTRICAL Equipments Alternator An alternator is coupled to a steam turbine and converts mechanical energy of turbine into electrical energy. It may be Hydrogen or Air cooled. The necessary excitation is provided by main and pilot exciters directly coupled to the alternator shaft. Transformer Main step- transformer : steps up generated voltage transmission of power. Station transformer : general purpose Auxilliary transformers : which supply to individual unit auxiliaries. Control Room and Switch yard The control room monitors the overall operation of the plant. It is provided with safety relays and switch gears.
- 29. ASH HANDLING PLANT The percentage of ash in coal is 5% in good quality coal & about 40% in poor quality coal. Power plants generally use poor quality of coal , thus amount of ash produced by it is quite large. A modern 1000MW plant produces about 4800 tons of ash daily. The stations use some conveyor arrangement to carry ash to dump sites.
- 30. COAL ASH CAN BE USED IN Fly Ash Bricks / Blocks Cement Concrete Road construction Embankment / Back fills / Land development Use in agriculture Mine filling
- 31. REFERENCE www.ntpc.co.in/index.php?option=com_content&id=312&Itemid. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTPC_Dadri wikimapia.org › India › Uttar Pradesh › Dadri articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com › Collections › Solar Plant www.ndtv.com › Topic www.business-standard.com/.../no-shortage-of-coal-supply-to-ntpc-sdad. globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/4562 ntpc.co.in/index.php?option=com_content&id=28&Itemid=41
- 32. THANK YOU