Unit lightup synchronisation & shutdown
- 1. Adani Power Limited Power Business Goal - 20,000 MW
- 2. ADANI POWER AT A GLANCE • Power Business Goal - 20,000 MW BY 2020 • MUNDRA– 330MW X 4 + 660MW X 5 • TIRODA– 660MW X 5 (UNDER COMMISSIONING) • KAWAI– 660MW X 2 (UNDER ERECTION) • BITTA– 40MW BIGGEST SOLAR IN INDIA
- 3. ACHIEVEMENTS • INDIA’S FIRST 66O MW SUPER CRITICAL UNIT SYNCHRONISED BY ADANI POWER LTD, MUNDRA IN OCT 2010 IN RECORD TIME OF 36 MONTHS. • COMMISSIONED 4Nos. 660MW UNITS IN A YEAR. • ADANI IS THE FIRST COMPANY IN INDIA TO EARN CARBON CREDIT.
- 5. START-UP SEQUENCE • BOP SYSTEM READYNESS • BOILER FLUSHING: COLD/HOT • BOILER LINE UP AND LIGHT UP. • TURBINE LINE UP. • TURBINE ROLLING. • SYNCHRONISATION • PHASE CHANGE OVER • FULL LOAD
- 6. START UP MODES • COLD START UP:HP & IP SHAFT METAL TEMP <204°C • WARM START UP: HP & IP METAL TEMP IN BETWEEN 204 TO 400°C • HOT START UP :HP & IP METAL TEMP >400°C
- 7. Boiler Economiser 8 HP T FCS 11+1 IPT LPT A 3 HPH - 2 HPH - 1 RH 2x7 2x7 8 1 5 7 6 7 LPT B 8 8 7 5 6 LPH -7A LPH -8A 8 LPH -7B LPH -8B Condensor (HP) Deaerator 7 Condensor (LP) EXT From CRH (MD BFBP 1x35%) HPH -3 TDBFP 2X50% CEP 3x50% 1994 TPH GSC CPP 1482 TPH LPH -5 LPH -6
- 8. PRE STARTUP READYNESS • HT/LT POWER SUPPLY READINESS • WATER SYSTEM: FIRE WATER,SERVICE WATER,DMP,CW & ACW. • CCCW SYSTEM • COMPRESSOR SYSTEM • AUXILIARY STEAM. (S/B UNIT OR AUX BOILER). • START CEP AND MDBFP. • CHECK THE BCP SYSTEM IS READY.
- 9. WHY BCP ? • TO ASSIST CIRCULATION IN BOILER WATER WALL • TO INCREASE THE CIRCULATION VELOCITY • TO AVOID DNB (Departure from Nucleate Boiling) IN LOW LOAD. • TO REDUCE THE OVER HEATING AND UNDUE STRESSES ON WATER WALL TUBES. • TO AVOID DRY OUT OF WATER WALL TUBES WHEN LOAD IS REDUCED.
- 10. BCP FILLING ,PURGING & FLUSHING • PURPOSE- TO FILL THE MOTOR CAVITY. • RECOMMENDED MOTOR FILLING WATER QUALITY CONDUCTIVITY <1 µs/cm - BOILER FEED WATER TEMP.<= 45 OC - CL- <= 50 PPM - pH >= 6.5 - SUSPENDED SOLIDS <= 5 PPM • FILLING,PURGING & FLUSHING WATER REQUIREMENT - MOTOR INITIAL FILLING FLOW RATE : MAX. 5 L/MIN
- 11. PRE BOILER FLUSHING • START CEP. • FILL & DRAIN FROM DEAERATOR UNTIL REQUIRED WATER QUALITY IS ACHIEVED. ( Fe<500 Ppb.) • START MDBFP. • START THE BOILER COLD/HOT FLUSHING TO REDUCE THE Fe & SiO2 CONTENT IN FEED WATER.
- 12. Boiler flushing SP SP START-UP LINE Sampling Fe+ Below Above 500ppb 500ppb MIXER BCP WW ECO CW LINE HOTWELL
- 13. BOILER COLD FLUSHING COLD FLUSHING • WATER WALL TEMP REQUIRED 105-120 DEG.C (TEMP MAINTAINED BY DEAERATOR PEGGING STEAM) • COLD OPEN FLUSHING QUALIFIES Fe < 500PPB SiO2 < 100PPB • THEN CPU WILL BE TAKEN IN SERVICE TO REDUCE WATER LOSS AND IMPROVE QUALITY. • COLD CYCLIC FLUSHING QUALIFIES (ALL ANALYSIS FROM SEPARATOR DRAIN) Fe < 100PPB SIO2 < 50PPB
- 14. BOILER HOT FLUSHING HOT FLUSHING • WATER WALL TEMP REQUIRED 150-190 DEG.C (TAKE OIL GUNS OF BC ELEVATION) • HOT OPEN FLUSHING START UP CRITERIA • IF HOT CYCLIC FLUSHING CRITERIA IF • HOT CYCLIC FLUSHING QUALIFIES IF FE SIO2 > 100PPB > 50PPB FE < 100PPB SIO2 < 50PPB FE < 50PPB SIO2 < 30PPB • AFTER COLD FLUSHING START BCP WITH MINIMUM 30% FEED FLOW & THROTTLE FRS VALVE.
- 15. BOILER LINE UP AND LIGHT UP • FUEL OIL SYSTEM: LDO/HFO PUMPS • ESP HEATERS & RAPPERS • AIR FLUE GAS SYSTEM: APH,IDF, FDF & SCANNER FAN. • MAINTAIN AIR FLOW : 30% - 40%. • FURNACE PURGE: 300 Sec. • LIGHT UP BOILER WITH OIL GUNS AT BC (LDO) ELEVETION. • CONTINUE HOT FLUSHING UNTIL REQD.WATER QUALITY IS ACHIEVED • THEN TAKE CD ELEVETION GUNS. IF REQUIRED TAKE 2 NO. GUNS IN AB ELEVETION.
- 16. BOILER LINE UP AND LIGHT UP • CONTINUOUS APH SOOT BLOWING TO BE DONE AT THE TIME OF OIL FIRING. • PR RISING RATE- 0.05 MPA/MIN. BETWEEN 0-1 MPA • PR RISING RATE 0.1 MPA/MIN. BETWEEN 1 – 2 MPA • PR RISING RATE 0.2 MPA/MIN. ABOVE 2 MPA • FURNACE EXIT GAS TEMP MUST BE BELOW 538°C FOR REHEATER PROTECTION (UNTIL HP-LPBP IS CHARGED). • CLOSE SH DRAINS AND VENTS AFTER ACHIEVING DEGREE OF SH 50 °C ( CLOSE IT AFTER CHARGING HP-LP BYPASS).
- 17. LDO/HFO GUN Fuel Light Oil Fuel Pressure 0.8MPa-2.0MPa Fuel Flow 500kg/h -3000kg/h Atomizing Air Pressure 0.6MPa-1.2MPa Atomizing Air Flow 100-600kg/h Ignition Method HESI (20 joules/spark) Fuel Heavy Oil Fuel Pressure 0.8MPa- 2.0MPa Fuel Flow 1000-4000 kg/h Atomizing Steam Pressure 0.8MPa-1.2MPa Atomizing Steam Flow 100-400kg/h Ignition Method HESI (20 joules/spark)
- 18. • ENSURE: TURBINE LINE UP • LUBE OIL SYSTEM: IN SERVICE (0.8 MPA) • JACKING OIL SYSTEM:IN SERVICE ( 14 MPA) • TURBINE BARRING GEAR: 3-4 RPM • SEAL OIL SYSTEM: AIR & H2 SIDE. CHARGED • STATOR AND H2 COOLING WATER SYSTEM:CHARGED TEMP CONTROL IN AUTO) • H2 FILLED IN GENERATOR AND MAINTAIN PR 0.35 MPA. • EH OIL SYSTEM: IN SERVICE (14 MPA)
- 19. TURBINE LINE UP • ENSURE TDBFP IN BARRING. • GLAND STEAM CHARGING: ENSURE STEAM TEMP. IS 56°C - 111 °C MORE THAN ROTOR TEMP & DEGREE OF SH > 50°C. • CHARGE THE GLAND SEAL SYSTEM OF TDBFP. • START THE VACUUM PULLING WITH VACUUM PUMP. MAINTAIN VACUUM -0.9 KG/CM2. • CHARGE THE HP-LP BYPASS SYSTEM .MAINTAIN THE MS STEAM PRESSURE AND FIRING RATE FOR ACHIEVING TURBINE ROLLING PARAMETERS.
- 20. COLD START UP CURVE
- 21. HOT ROLLING MS TEMP RH TEMP SPEED MS FLOW LOAD MS PRESS
- 22. PRE HEATING OF HP CASING. • PREHEATING OF HPT REQUIRED WHEN INNER METAL TEMP <150°C. • CRH PR 0.5-0.7 MPA/220-380°C. • OPEN PRE HEATING VALVE (REVERSE FLOW VALVE) GRADUALLY. • OPEN BDV VALVE FULLY. • OPEN CRH DRAIN BEFORE NRV AND HPT-IPT CASING DRAINS. • HEATING RATE SHOULD NOT BE MORE THAN 50°C PER HR. • HP CASING TOP-BOTTOM & INNER-OUTER WALL METAL TEMP DIFFRENCE SHOULD BE WITHIN 50°C. • AFTER ATTAINING THE CASING TEMP > 150°C CLOSE THE RFV VALVE AND OPEN HP CYLINDER VENTILATION VALVE TO CONDENSOR.
- 23. TURBINE WARM UP OPERATION MS HPBP HPT CRH NRV RFV IPT Ventilator valve TO CONDENSER BDV TO CONDENSER CRH LINE TURBINE STARUP PROCEDURE
- 24. TURBINE ROLLING • AS PER REQUIREMENT OF START UP CURVE, FIRING TO BE INCREASED. • REQUIRED – – - STEAM PARAMETERS BEFORE ROLLING MS PR: 8.73 MPA, TEMP: 330-380 °C RH PR: 1.1 MPA , TEMP: 330°C THE DEGREE OF SUPER HEAT > 56°C. • AFTER LATCHING THE TURBINE, START IP ROLLING WITH HP VENT TO CONDENSER IN OPEN CONDITION TO KEEP THE HPT IN VACUUM. • MSV 1&2 AND RSV 1&2 ARE IN OPEN CONDITION. • GIVE THE SPEED SET POINT TO 600 RPM • CHECK THE TURBINE SUPERVISORY INSTRUMENT PARAMETER. • THE ECCENTRICITY SHOULD BE LESS THAN 0.076 MM.
- 25. TURBINE ROLLING • SELECT TARGET SPEED 1500 RPM WITH RAMP RATE OF 100 RPM/MIN. • ENSURE ALL HP CV’S OPENS TO 12% TO WARM UP THE HP CASING. • WHEN HP CASING TEMP >320°C.CLOSE THE HP CV’S. • SOAK THE TURBINE FOR 4 HRS ACCORDING TO THE START UP CURVE. • CHARGE THE LP HEATER 5 & 6 BEFORE 3000 RPM • SELECT TARGET SPEED TO 3000 RPM WITH RAMP RATE OF 100 RPM/MIN.SOAK IT FOR 30 MIN AS PER S/U CURVE. • AS PER PROCEDURE SYNCHRONISE THE UNIT.
- 26. LOADING • AFTER SYNCHRONISATION INITIAL LOAD WILL BE 30 MW.HOLD IT FOR 30 MIN AND CHEK THE VIBRATION, BEARING TEMP, DIFF EXPANSION, CASING EXPANSION. • CHARGE EXTRACTION STEAM TO DEAERATOR. • TAKE MORE OIL GUNS IN EF/AB ELEVETION. • TAKE PA FANS & SEAL AIR FAN. • AFTER ACHIEVING FURNACE TEMP. MORE THEN 450°C. TAKE COAL MILL-B AT. STEAM T/PR 380°C/8.7 MPA. • INCREASE FUEL FLOW MAINTAINING STEAM TEMP.& RAISE LOAD • AT 70 MW IP TO HP CHANGE OVER. CV’S WILL START OPENING, CLOSE THE BDV AND VENTILATING VALVE. • INCREASE THE LOAD AT 3MW/MIN • CLOSE THE HP-LP BYPASS GRADULLY.
- 27. 660 LOAD (MW) 350 660 MW 495 330MW 330 198MW 165 60MW 33MW 400 450 500 MINUTES 550 600 650 MILL-F CUT IN (540MW) MILL-E CUT IN (430MW) MILL-D CIT IN (300MW) OIL GUN CUT OUT (260MW) MILL-A CUT IN(210MW) WET TO DRY CHANGE OVER 2ND TDBFP CUT IN(180MW) HPH CHARGED(150 MW) MILL-C CUT IN AT 100MW IP TO HP CHANGE OVER (70MW MILL-B CUT IN SYNCHRONISE &CHARGE D/A
- 28. FROM IPT EXHAUST LPT A 2nd LPT B 2nd 5th 5th 6th 6th 5th 4th 4th 5th 6th 6th LP HEATER 7A LP HEATER 7B LP HEATER 8A LP HEATER 8B CONDENSER CONDENSER HP HEATER LP HEATER 5 5 HP HEATER LP HEATER 6 6
- 29. TDBFP START UP • TAKE ONE TDBFP IN SERVICE( CHANGE OVER WITH MD BFP) WHILE DRIVING STEAM IS AVAILABLE. SECOND TD BFP WILL BE TAKEN AT 180 MW. • WARM UP THE TURBINE. • SLOWLY OPEN THE AUX STEAM MOV TO TURBINE. • PARAMETERS FOR ROLLING TDBFP. STEAM PRESSURE: 0.6 ～ 1.3MPA, STEAM TEMP: 50 DEG C MORE THAN CASING TEMP. • ROLL THE TDBFP AS PER PROCEDURE. • GIVE THE TARGET SPEED 500 RPM AND THAN TO 1000 HOLD FOR 40 MIN.CHECK THE TSI PARAMETER • WHEN SPEED REACHES 2840 RPM, GIVE REQUEST COMMAND FROM FW MENU. THEN SELECT CCS CONTROL IN FROM MEH MENU.
- 30. TDBFP STEAM SOURCES HP IP 1.12 Mpa 378 ºC 1.3 MPa 350 ºC Aux. Steam Aux. Steam Header Header To CRH M Changeover Valve E E M M M M From CRH E E M M 4 MPa 315.3 ºC TDBFP-B To Condenser Deaerator Deaerator TDBFP-A Booster pumps
- 31. LOADING • TAKE THE MILL-C IN SERVICE AT 100 MW. STEAM T/PR:400°C/8.7 MPA. • GRADUALLY WITH DRAW THE OIL SUPPORT AS PER THE FLAME CONDITION. • INCREASE THE LOAD TO 150 MW AND TAKE THE HPH-3, HPH-2 & HPH-1 IN SERVICE. MS T/PR 410°C/8.7 MPA. • AT 180 MW TAKE SECOND TDBFP IN SERVICE.
- 32. MS LINE HRH LINE IP EXHAUST CRH LINE 9th stage 5th stage TDBFP A HP HEATER 1 HP HEATER 2 HP HEATER HP HEATER 3 3 DEAERATOR TDBFP B
- 33. PHASE CHANGE FROM WET TO DRY MODE • DURING LOAD RAISING >25% BMCR, THE BCP FLOW AND FEED WATER FLOW TO BE MONITORED CLOSELY. • THE BCP FLOW NEED TO BE ADJUSTED W.R.T SEPERATOR TANK LEVEL AND THE SAME FLOW TO BE ADJUSTED IN FEED WATER FLOW TO MAINTAIN TOTAL FEED WATER FLOW TO ECONOMISER CONSTANT. • WHEN BOILER STEAMING RATE RISES TO >30% BMCR, W.R.T FUEL FIRING, THE SEPERATOR LEVEL REDUCES . • ONCE THE CONDITION FULFILLS THE BCP STOPS AND FEED FLOW CONTROL CHANGES OVER FRS. • AFTER STOPPING BCP IT ACTS AS SUB-CRITICAL ONCE THROUGH“. • WHEN THE STEAM PR REACHES 22.1 MPA IT IS IN “SUPERCRITICAL ZONE”
- 34. LOADING • TAKE MILL-A AT 210 MW. • CUT THE OIL SUPPORT AT 260 MW AS PER THE FLAME CONDITION. • TAKE MILL-D AT 300 MW. MS T/PR 475°C/10 MPA. • TAKE MILL-E AT 430 MW. MS T/PR 566°C/17 MPA. • TAKE MILL-F AT 540 MW. MS T/PR 566°C/24.1 MPA. • INCREASE THE LOAD TO “FULL LOAD 660 MW” GRADUALLY.
- 35. Boiler Design Parameters NO. Parameters 1 100% BMCR Coal consumption (Design) Unit 390.37 t/h 2 Design fuel 3 Superheated steam flow 2111 t/h 4 Superheater outlet pressure 25.4 MPa 5 Superheater outlet temperature 569 ℃ 6 Reheated steam flow 1749.1 t/h 7 Reheater inlet pressure 4.73 MPa 8 Reheater outlet pressure 4.49 MPa 9 Reheater inlet temperature 324 ℃ 10 Reheater outlet temperature 569 ℃ Feedwater pressure 28.8 MPa.g 11 Feedwater temperature 280 ℃ 12 Separator’s steam temperature 421 ℃ 153.3 ℃ 147.2 ℃ 13 14 Air preheater’s outlet air temperature, uncorrected After correcting Calculating thermal efficiency of boiler Indian coal 87.19% （ BMCR ）
- 36. TURBINE PARAMETERS Steam Admission Parameters at Turbine Inlet HPT IPT LPT Pressure (MPa) 24.2 3.961 1.12 I/L Temp (Deg C) 566 566 378 O/L Temp(deg C) 315.3 378 Steam Flow (tph) 1959.25 1649 TURBINE HEAT RATE( KCL/KWH) 1885 No of Stop valves 2 2 No of Control valves 4 4
- 37. TURBINE AT FULL LOAD 3.96MPa / 566°c HRH 24.2MPa/566ºC 1.12MPa / 378°c RSV MS LINE MSV CV CV CV TO BLR RH CV CRH HPT IPT LPT #1 LPT #2 CRH RCV CV CV MSV MS LINE HRH CV CV RCV CV CONDENSOR A RSV RSV CONDENSOR B GEN
- 38. SHUT DOWN • EXCEPT IN AN EMERGENCY, LOAD SHOULD BE REDUCED GRADUALLY. • CUT THE MILL-F AT 540 MW. • CUT THE MILL-E AT 470MW. • CUT THE MILL-D AT 300 MW. • TAKE OIL SUPPORT FOR FURNACE STABILITY ( AT THE TIME OF 3 MILL OPERATION). • CUT THE MILL-A AT 210 MW. • TAKE THE HPH-1,2,3 OUT OF SERVICE. • WHEN THE LOAD < 30% BOILER COMES IN WET MODE FROM DRY MODE. START THE BCP AND MAINTAIN THE SEPEARTOR LEVEL.
- 39. SHUT DOWN • WHEN THE LOAD HAS DECREASED TO 20% OF RATED LOAD TRIP THE TURBINE ON TURBINE PROTECTION. THIS CLOSES THE THROTTLE VALVES, GOVERNOR VALVES, REHEAT STOP VALVES AND INTERCEPTOR VALVES • CHECK DRAIN VALVES OPENS IN AUTO. • HP LP BYPASS VALVE OPENS TO MAINTAIN THE FLOW. • REDUCE THE BOILER LOAD GRADULLY. • TRIP THE BOILER. • THE VACUUM BREAKER VALVES SHOULD NOT BE OPENED UNTIL THE TURBINE UNIT HAS COASTED DOWN. • VACUUM SHOULD BE KILLED BEFORE GLAND SEALING STEAM IS SHUT OFF. • AUX OIL PUMP STARTS IN AUTO AT 2850 RPM. • JOP START IN AUTO AT 1200 RPM.
- 40. SHUT DOWN • WHEN THE VACUUM REACHES ZERO, SHUT OFF THE SEALING STEAM TO THE GLAND STEAM CONTROL VALVES. • SHUT DOWN THE GLAND STEAM CONDENSER EXHAUSTER. SHUT DOWN CONDENSATE PUMP. • SHUT DOWN THE VACUUM PUMP. • SHUT OFF THE COOLING WATER SUPPLY TO THE GENERATOR HYDROGEN COOLERS. • ENSURE THAT BARRING GEAR HAS CUT IN.
- 41. SHUT DOWN CURVE
- 42. COOL DOWN CURVE
- 43. THANK YOU
Editor's Notes
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