Heavy vehicle overload challenges
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The document outlines the challenges of heavy vehicle overload control in South Africa, including inadequate infrastructure, non-compliance issues related to vehicle maintenance, and corruption. Recent solutions include the implementation of the Road Transport Management System (RTMS), which promotes self-regulation among transport operators to improve safety and reduce overloading. It also highlights the economic impact of logistics costs in South Africa compared to other countries, emphasizing the need for better road conditions and efficient weighing procedures.
Heavy vehicle overload challenges
- 1. Heavy Vehicle Overload Control Challenges Dr Paul Nordengen Research Group Leader: Network Asset Management Systems CSIR Built Environment Transport Forum, University of Johannesburg, 4 June 2015
- 2. Contents Background and problem statement Overload control challenges Two more recent solutions
- 3. The Culture of Non-compliance Overloading Speeding Vehicle maintenance (brakes, tyres, lights) Driver hours Reckless driving False licenses (vehicles & drivers) Load securement Cabotage Bribery & corruption
- 4. Regional Road Freight Issues ROAD FREIGHT TRANSPORT GLOBAL COMPETETIVENESS QUALITY OF LIFE SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT Transport efficiency Cost of logistics Congestion Cross-border delays Optimum road maintenance Road safety Congestion Cost of logistics Road condition Transport efficiency Road crashes Road condition Congestion Energy consumption Emissions “maintaining and preserving natural systems”
- 5. Key Elements in Road Freight Transport • Road infrastructure • Vehicles (design, maintenance & operation) • Drivers
- 6. Road infrastructure GOOD ROADS LEAD TO PROSPERITY motto of the SA Road Federation Better roads, better world
- 7. Slide # 7 Road infrastructure • South Africa’s road network has been built to a high standard (from both regional and international perspectives)
- 12. Road deterioration – long-term trends: Provincial Roads Condition of surfaced roads 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Very Poor Poor Fair Good Very Good
- 15. Slide # 15 North West Province, South Africa, 5 Nov 2004, 23h00 Six trucks carrying cobalt concentrate from DRC to Johannesburg (3 500 km) Overloads ranged from 30 780kg to 37 640kg (65%)
- 18. Slide # 18 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Year Fatalcrashrate Aust Can France Denmark USA South Africa Switzerland Fatal truck crash per 100 million vehicle kilometres travelled Source: OECD report, Moving Freight with Better Trucks, 2010 Heavy Vehicle Fatal Crash Rates
- 19. Brake & Tyre Watch Results Location Inspected Discontinued % City Deep 24 21 88% Middelburg 35 24 69% Centurion 41 17 42% Midway KZN 26 10 38% Kroonstad 8 7 92% Brackenfell, W. Cape 25 25 100% Pietermaritzburg 12 11 92% Port Elizabeth 15 6 40% Rustenburg 7 5 72% Polokwane 11 10 91% Midway KZN 24 20 83% Bloemfontein 24 20 83% Nelspruit/Komati 13 12 92% TOTAL (28 events) 594 397 67% 28 B&TW events from Feb. 2006 to date
- 22. Slide # 22
- 23. Slide # 23
- 24. Cost of Logistics • The cost of logistics as a percentage of GDP in South Africa is almost double that of the United States and 50% more than Japan and Brazil 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% United States Japan Brazil South Africa
- 25. Slide # 25 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% United States Japan Brazil South Africa Condition of surfaced roads 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Very Poor Poor Fair Good Very Good
- 26. Overload Control Challenges • Adequate infrastructure • Location of weighbridges (alternative routes) • Efficient weighing procedures (delays – negative impact on transport productivity • Maintenance of infrastructure, in particular advanced technologies • Data management and reporting • Consistent application of mass regulations • Sufficient and adequately trained staff • Operational hours • Ineffective court system and low fines • Bribery & corruption
- 27. National Roads Secondary Roads Tertiary Roads Main Road Categories in South Africa Status Quo of roads Weighbridges
- 29. Overload Control Challenges • Adequate infrastructure • Location of weighbridges (alternative routes) • Efficient weighing procedures (delays – negative impact on transport productivity • Maintenance of infrastructure, in particular advanced technologies • Consistent application of mass regulations • Data management and reporting • Sufficient and adequately trained staff • Operational hours • Ineffective court system and low fines • Bribery & corruption
- 30. Beaufort West Traffic Control Centre
- 31. Donkerhoek Traffic Control Centre
- 32. Overload Control Challenges • Adequate infrastructure • Location of weighbridges (alternative routes) • Efficient weighing procedures (delays – negative impact on transport productivity • Maintenance of infrastructure, in particular advanced technologies • Consistent application of mass regulations • Data management and reporting • Sufficient and adequately trained staff • Operational hours • Ineffective court system and low fines • Bribery & corruption
- 33. Permissible Maximum Mass on a Steering Axle • Reg. 240(b)(i) (“Road capacity” limit) 7 700 kg • Reg. 239(1)(a)(ii) (Vehicle Manufacturer’s Rating) 6 800 kg • Reg. 238(1) (Tyre Manufacturer’s Rating) 7 200 kg • Permissible Maximum Mass = 6 800 kg
- 34. Overload Control Challenges • Adequate infrastructure • Location of weighbridges (alternative routes) • Efficient weighing procedures (delays – negative impact on transport productivity • Maintenance of infrastructure, in particular advanced technologies • Consistent application of mass regulations • Data management and reporting • Sufficient and adequately trained staff • Operational hours • Ineffective court system and low fines • Bribery & corruption
- 37. Overload Control Statistics (2014) • No. of vehicles weighed: 2 041 000 • No. of vehicles overloaded: 416 364 (20%) • No. of vehicles chargeable: 53 525 (2.6%) • • Mpumalanga (N4 corridor): 669 000 • W. Cape: 540 000 • Limpopo: 413 000 • KwaZulu-Natal : 145 000 • Gauteng: 142 000 • North West: 77 000 • Free State: 44 000 • N. Cape: 10 600 • E. Cape: 65
- 42. Overload Control Challenges • Adequate infrastructure • Location of weighbridges (alternative routes) • Efficient weighing procedures (delays – negative impact on transport productivity • Maintenance of infrastructure, in particular advanced technologies • Consistent application of mass regulations • Data management and reporting • Sufficient and adequately trained staff • Operational hours • Ineffective court system and low fines • Bribery & corruption
- 43. Overload Control Challenges • Adequate infrastructure • Location of weighbridges (alternative routes) • Efficient weighing procedures (delays – negative impact on transport productivity • Maintenance of infrastructure, in particular advanced technologies • Consistent application of mass regulations • Data management and reporting • Sufficient and adequately trained staff • Operational hours • Ineffective court system and low fines • Bribery & corruption
- 44. Slide # 44 Road Safety Fair Competition between modes & operators Infrastructure Protection OVERLOAD CONTROL National Overload Control Strategy Implemented by National, Provincial and Local Authorities Infrastructure & Equipment • Main routes (major facilities) • Alternative routes (minor facilities/screening) • Monitoring (HS-WIM) • Alternative weighing equipment • Private weighbridges Information sharing & Public Awareness • Overload website • Overload information booklet Operations • Human Resources • PPP • Training • Guideline document for law enforcement Self-regulation • Road Transport Management System (RTMS) • Performance-Based Standards (PBS) Legislation • Consignors/Consignees • 5% Tolerance • User charges • Habitual Overloaders • Public Prosecutors • Alternative weighing equipment • AARTO Co-operation • Provinces • Local authorities • Department of Justice • Private sector
- 45. Consignor/Consignee Legislation • Legislation signed off in Parliament in Feb 2009 • Regulation promulgated in Oct 2014 • Effective from 31 Jan 2015
- 47. The Road Transport Management System • RTMS is an industry–led, government- supported, voluntary, self-regulation scheme that encourages consignees, consignors and road transport operators to implement a management systems standard with outcomes that contribute to preserving road infrastructure, improving road safety and increasing productivity. • Key focus areas are: - load optimisation (minimise over- and under-loading) - driver wellness - vehicle maintenance - productivity
- 49. RTMS Standard Summary (SANS 1395-1:2014) Loading Control Fleet Inventory Control of loading Prevent Overloads Optimise Payload Safety/ Compliance Vehicle Maintenance Basic Roadworthiness Minimising breakdowns Speeding Controls Accident Analysis Traffic violations Risk Management Driver Wellness Medical Fitness Chronic illness Management Fatigue Management Driving hours Wellness Initiatives (Nutrition etc.) Support Providing skills development to ensure drivers obtain and retain competency to be safe, compliant and a minimal risk on public roads Procedures, Policies, Documents + Records + Monitoring + Corrective Actions + Internal Audit = Continual Improvement
- 52. Vehicle & Load Safety 52
- 53. Management of Driver Wellness 53
- 54. Growth of the RTMS in SA 146 fleets representing almost 8 000 trucks & buses (In 2007 their were 74 certified vehicles) 24 abnormal load operators: • 258 vehicles • Plant hire, construction, engineering, mobile cranes • 2 commercial A/L operators (108 vehicles) Three bus operators: • Buscor 404 buses • Intercape 152 coaches • GABS Over 1000 buses
- 55. Reduction in overloading & speeding
- 56. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000 22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 11-07 02-08 05-08 08-08 11-08 02-09 05-09 08-09 11-09 02-10 05-10 08-10 11-10 02-11 05-11 08-11 11-11 02-12 05-12 08-12 11-12 02-13 05-13 08-13 11-13 02-14 05-14 08-14 11-14 02-15 Percentage VehicleVolumes Month Ending Percentage Overload Overloaded ( >2% ) Overloaded ( >5% ) Total Trips Percentage Overload Industry Target Linear (Percentage Overload)
- 57. Pre-RTMS Post-RTMS Average Overloading 23% 2.53% Vehicle Maintenance Compliance 62% 95.50% Compliance with Speed limits 63% 97.40% Fatigue Management 54% 94.60% Medical Fitness 23% 93% Accidents per million kilometres Unknown 7.8 Driver Training 24% 92% Pre- and Post-RTMS Stats (2014)
- 58. Nordengen et al. RTMS benefits: Crash reductions Barloworld Logistics: 66% reduction in the number of crashes in 2012 (owner driver fleet); Vehicle Delivery Services: 42% reduction in serious crashes from 2011 to 2012; Timber Logistics Services: 50% reduction in crashes and incidents from 2009 to 2012; The City of Cape Town, Electricity Support Services: 44% reduction in the number of crashes; Unitrans Amatikulu: cost of crashes reduced from 5.0% of revenue to 1.3% of revenue (reduction in the frequency and severity of crashes) STS N° 12 58TRA2014 Paris 14-17 avril 2014
- 59. THANK YOU