Hello Computer?
Conversation Design & Voice UX
Kelly Goto | kelly@gotomedia.com
Computer?
Hello computer?
1996
© Paramount Pictures
2020
Go ahead. I’m
Listening...
© Paramount Pictures
VOICE
The not-yet final frontier
Note: this is not a session on bot-coding. ;-)
What are the
terms, tools and
technologies I need to
understand to even talk
about Voice UX in my
company?
What’s happening with
voice and what do I
need to know as a
design leader? Are we
ready to consider a
VoiceUXstrategy?
What are the basics of
conversation design?
How do we get started?
What are the best tools
to use? Any resources?
Inarapidlygrowingmarket,voiceandtextchannelscontinuetorise.
AccordingtoanAccenturereport,60%ofbusinessessaidakeyissuewas
findingtherighttalentforthejob.
VOICE
The not-yet final frontier
Chatbotmarketsizeis
expectedtogrowfrom
2.6Bin2019to10Bby
endof2024.
NOTIFYVISITORS
SUMMARY
67%ofbusinesses
believechatbotswill
diminishusageof
mobileapps
GARTNER
In2020-21,useof
chatbotsroseby130%.
50%ofconsumersprefer
shoppingwithbrands
whousechat.
JUNIPERRESEARCH
UXMagazinenamed
conversation designer
thefastestgrowingrolein
2020
HILARYBLACK
UXMAG.COM
HUMAN
TO
HUMAN
HUMAN
TO
MACHINE
MACHINE
TO
MACHINE
MACHINE
TO
HUMAN
Concept: Tara Lemmey
HUMAN
TO
HUMAN
MACHINE
TO
MACHINE
MACHINE
TO
HUMAN
HUMAN
TO
MACHINE
Concept: Tara Lemmey
HUMAN
TO
HUMAN
HUMAN
TO
MACHINE
MACHINE
TO
MACHINE
MACHINE
TO
HUMAN
Concept: Tara Lemmey
HUMAN
TO
HUMAN
HUMAN
TO
MACHINE
MACHINE
TO
MACHINE
MACHINE
TO
HUMAN
Concept: Tara Lemmey
Evolution of Chatbots
https://capacity.com/chatbots/evolution-of-chatbots/
ELIZA
A very basic Rogerian psychotherapist chatbot
“I was wondering if
anyone has experience in
building conversations
and loading them into
chatbot tools like
Voiceflow, Bot
Composter, BotSociety
or any other chatbot.”
AN EMAIL I RECEIVED
LAST WEEK
VoiceUserInterfaces(VUI)aretheprimaryorsupplementaryvisual,auditory,and
tactileinterfacesthatenablevoiceinteractionbetweenpeople&devices.
A
B
Voice UX Approach
VUIDESIGNER
CONVERSATIONALAIDESIGNER
CHATBOTCUSTOMER
EXPERIENCEDESIGNER
CONVERSATIONDESIGNER
VOICEUSERINTERFACE(VUI)
DESIGNER
VOICEUSERINTERFACE(VUI)
VOICEUX
CONVERSATIONALAI
CONVERSATIONDESIGN
(Not“conversational”design)
VOICEINTERACTION DESIGN
VIRTUALASSISTANTDESIGN
A
B
Voice UX Approach
Natural
Language
Understanding
Natural
Language
Generation
Automated Text
Conversations /
Directed
Dialogue
Natural
Conversations
/ Multi-Turn
Dialogue
VUI
RULES
BASED
Decision-tree
Pre-determined script
Response-based on
keyword input
Flow-based
NLP+AI
Natural Language
Processing + AI
(Machine learning)
Intent-based
A
B
Voice UX Approach
Natural
Language
Understanding
Natural
Language
Generation
Automated Text
Conversations /
Directed
Dialogue
Natural
Conversations
/ Multi-Turn
Dialogue
VUI
RULES
BASED
Decision-tree
Pre-determined script
Response-based on
keyword input
Flow-based
NLP+AI
Natural Language
Processing + AI
(Machine learning)
Intent-based
“A lot of what a
good
conversation
designer does is
similar to what
any good UX
designer does...”
SUSAN HURA, PhD
CONVERSATION DESIGNER
& VOICE EXPERT,
INTERACTIONS
Whatisthereasonbehindthevoice
interaction?Whatbusinessgoalwill
youachievethroughvoice?
Understandingthegoalsfromboth
customerandbusinessperspectives
helpstodefineyourVoiceUX
approach.
Voice UX Strategy
INTENT
INTENT
Understandingthe
intentthrough
naturallanguageis
thegoal
Voice UX Approach
BRANDVOICE
(Whatisthebrandpromise
andwhatisthepersonality
/tone/voiceconveyed?))
USERPERSONA
(Whoiscomingtoyoursite
/whataretheirneeds)
JOURNEYMAP
(Whatstagearetheyat?
Whyaretheyusingchator
voice?Whatisthecontext?
OUTCOME
(Whatistheidealend
result?)
BUY
Completeatask
NOTIFY
MonitorData
CONTROL
HandsFreeControl
TALK
Communicate
LEARN
Getinformation
Voice UX Approach
Amazon
Alexa (LEX)
Apple
Siri
Google
Assistant
Samsung
Bixby
Microsoft Bot
Framework
INTENT
Talk
Tap
Type
Multi-modal
interaction
Amazon
Alexa (LEX)
Apple
Siri
Google
Assistant
Samsung
Bixby
Microsoft Bot
Framework
Voice UX Approach
+ 1,000’s more
INTENT
Which Chatbot Creation Tool?
Confused?
AccordingtoGartner,therearemorethan
1,000chatbotcreationtoolsavailabletoday.
Chatbot No-Code Dialogue Creators
Hello Computer-Conversation Design and Voice UX.pdf
Hello Computer-Conversation Design and Voice UX.pdf
The good and the bad
(why are chatbots not delivering?)
Theseinteractionshaveleftmany
peopledistrustfulofchatbotsfor
anythingbutthemostbasictasks.
Why are chatbots
falling short?
Chathadthelowestrate
offirstcontactresolution
ofallchannelsstudied.
48%ofcustomerssaidthey
wouldnotwanttousechat
asecondtime.
ACCENTURE,2019
46%respondentsfelt
chatbotswerebeing
usedspecificallyto
keepthemawayfrom
aliveagent.
GETVOIP
65%usersdid
notseemtotrust
chatbotsandfelt
chatbotsdidn’tfully
understandtheirissue.
GETVOIP
54%respondents
wouldchosealive
personoverachatbot
evenifengagingwith
achatbotsavedthem
10minutesoftime.
USABILLA
Privacyisamajor
concernwhenitcomes
tovoicechatbots—
28%worryaboutthe
privacyoftheir
sensitivedataandthe
securityofusingvoice
assistants.
PWC,2019
https://www.netomi.com/the-worst-chatbot-fai
ls-and-how-to-avoid-them
chatbot
fails
https://www.theverge.com/2016/3/24/11297050/tay
-microsoft-chatbot-racist
chatbot
fails
https://www.theverge.com/2016/3/24/11297050/tay
-microsoft-chatbot-racist
POP QUIZ:
What are the two types of
voice UX approaches?
?
RULES
BASED
Natural
Language
Understanding
Natural
Language
Generation
Pre-determined script
Response-based on
keyword input
NLP + AI
Natural Language
Processing + AI
(Machine learning)
(We’re using ‘weak’ or
‘narrow’ AI vs. strong /
wide AI)
Automated Text
Conversations /
Directed
Dialogue Natural
Conversations
/ Multi-Turn
Dialogue
VUI
Answer: Rules Based & Natural
Language Processing (NLP+AI)
RULES
BASED
NLP + AI
VUI
Thoughtheyhaveanarrow
scope,usingaflow-based
chatbotmanagescustomer
expectationsandoffersa
consistentexperience.
https://www.whoson.com/chatbots-ai/the-pros-and-cons-of-a-flow-based-chatbot/
Intent-basedbotsenablea
naturalconversationstyle
andofferlessrestrictions
thantheirflow-based
counterparts.
Flow-based Intent-based
Changing behavior is hard...
Lark Healthcare Chatbot
Larkisacontextualchatbotprescribedtohelp
patients.It’sdesignedtohavehumanlike
conversationswithusersviamobileapp.
SOURCE
Hello Computer-Conversation Design and Voice UX.pdf
Hello Computer-Conversation Design and Voice UX.pdf
Hello Computer-Conversation Design and Voice UX.pdf
Hello Computer-Conversation Design and Voice UX.pdf
Conversational
AI Platforms
Successful conversational AI
systems engage users in multi-turn
dialogs and enable context
switching. They are flexible and
maintain context.
Source: Kasisto White Paper
A conversational AI platform to enable
financial institutions to attract, engage,
support and transact with their customers
via intelligent conversations.
https://kasisto.com/kai-investment/
https://kasisto.com/kai-business-banking/
Hello Computer-Conversation Design and Voice UX.pdf
Hello Computer-Conversation Design and Voice UX.pdf
Accessibility & Near-Future
Amazon Show and Tell
Assistive Technology Hold a product in front of Echo
Show's camera and say,
"Alexa, what am I holding?“ or
“Alexa, what’s in my hand?”
(December, 2020)
Hello Computer-Conversation Design and Voice UX.pdf
Audio alerts
Google environmental Sound
Notifications (kind of a chatbot)
(December, 2020)
The Truth About AI
COURTESYOFSUSANHURA,PHD
“...we cannot create
effective digital
conversation design
unless we understand
how to engage in
effective and inclusive
dialogue as humans.”
KAT VELLOS
UX DESIGNER, SPEAKER, AUTHOR
IN HER FORWARD TO
CONVERSATIONS WITH THINGS
RESOURCES
https://uxwriterscollective.com/ www.hillary.black/ www.conversationdesignerjobs.com/
Conversations with Things
UX Design for Chat and Voice
By Dana Deibel & Rebecca Evanhoe
March, 2021 January, 2017
Designing Voice User
Interfaces
Cathy Pearl, Google
Chatbot Design Chapter
By Greg Nudelman
September, 2018
8PrinciplesofConversationalDesign
Cooperative-beintuitive&usesimplelanguage
Goal-oriented-helpachieveaperson’sgoal
Context-aware-personalizethegreeting
Quickandclear-usefewwords,gettothepoint
Turn-based-theartoflistening&responding
Truthful-deliverreliableanswers
Polite-respectpeople’stime
January, 2018
Conversational Design
By Erika Hall
Q&A
Kelly Goto, Principal
kelly@gotomedia.com
www.gotomedia.com
www.kellygoto.com
Kelly Goto, Principal
kelly@gotomedia.com
www.gotomedia.com
www.kellygoto.com
Kelly Goto, Principal
kelly@gotomedia.com
www.gotomedia.com
www.kellygoto.com

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