Heredity: Traits of Inheritance
- 1. Traits and Inheritance Heredity Ignacio Anguera de Sojo Colegio Real de Panamá
- 2. GENES AND ALLELES Read Pg 92 -A great idea- and answer: What is the difference between a GENE and ALLELE?
- 3. GENES AND ALLELES ALLELE A specific variation of a gene. The allele can be dominant or recessive. GENE Section of DNA that controls a certain trait. Formed by 2 alleles (♀ & ♂)
- 4. GENES AND ALLELES ALLELE Blue eyes, green eyes, type A blood, black skin, white skin GENE Eye color, blood type, skin color
- 5. GENES AND ALLELES Read Pg 92 and93 -A great idea- and answer: What is the difference between a GENOTYPE and PHENOTYPE?
- 6. GENES AND ALLELES GENOTYPE Heritable genetic identity PHENOTYPE Description of your actual physical characteristics
- 9. Genotype Tall is dominant over short in pea plants. Show the cross of a homozygous short plant is crossed with a homozygous tall plant. ♀: ♂:
- 10. Calculate Probabilities Total number of outcomes Probability of an event happening = Number of ways it can happen 100x
- 11. Calculate Probabilities A bag contains 4 red marbles, 16 yellow marbles, 5 purple marbles, 16 blue marbles, and 10 green marbles. What is the probability of pulling out a red or a green marble? What is the probability of pulling out a red marble? Total number of outcomes Probability = Number of ways it can happen = 4 4+16+5+16+10 100x
- 12. Genotype Tall is dominant over short in pea plants. Show the cross of a homozygous short plant is crossed with a homozygous tall plant. ♀: tt ♂: TT t t t tt tT T T T TT Probability: Genotype Phenotype Tt = 4 4 100 = 100% Tall = 4 4 100 = 100%
- 13. Practice! A tall plant (TT) is crossed with a tall plant (Tt). ♀: ♂: Probability: Genotype Phenotype
- 14. Practice! In humans, free-ear lobes are dominant to attached. Two parented that are both heterozygous free are expecting a child. What are the chances that the child will have free ear lobes or attached? ♀: ♂: Probability: Genotype Phenotype
- 15. Non Mendelian Traits *Patterns of inheritance, like Codominance, that do not follow Mendel’s observations are called Non-Mendelian inheritance patterns.
- 16. Non Mendelian Traits *Patterns of inheritance, like Codominance, that do not follow Mendel’s observations are called Non-Mendelian inheritance patterns.
- 17. 3.4.5 Dominant alleles mask the effects of recessive alleles but co-dominant alleles have joint effects Dominant alleles always show their encoded trait, when present in an organism (they mask recessive alleles) Recessive alleles only express their encoded traits when no other alleles are present • Dominant alleles code for functional proteins, while recessive alleles code for non- functional proteins Codominant alleles can have joint effects if both are present* *Patterns of inheritance, like Codominance, that do not follow Mendel’s observations are called Non-Mendelian inheritance patterns.
- 18. Practice! In a species of birds, incomplete dominance between alleles for black (B) and white (b) feathers is observed. Heterozygotes are blue. If two blue birds are crossed, what will be the possible genotypes and phenotypes? ♀: ♂: Probability: Genotype Phenotype
- 19. Practice! In a certain fish, blue scales and red scales are codominant. When a fish has the genotype Bb, it has a patchwork of blue and red scales. What happens if you breed this fish with a fish that only has Blue Scales. ♀: ♂: Probability: Genotype Phenotype