Honolulu technique
- 1. Honolulu Technique By: Sydney Dudley
- 2. What is Cloning? • Cloning refers to the development of offspring that are genetically identical to their parent. • There are two techniques for cloning: – The Roslin Technique – The Honolulu Technique
- 3. Cloning 101 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0B9Bn1 WW_4&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_m ode=1&safe=active
- 4. Background • Founded in 1998 byTeruhiko Wakayama and Ryuzo Yanagimachi of the University of Hawaii • This technique has successfully cloned five generations of mice.
- 5. Step 1 • Nucleus of a cell is extracted from the organism that is being cloned – Cumulus cells are the most commonly used • Cumulus cells surround an egg cell. Egg Cumulus cell cells
- 6. Step 2 • Nucleus is removed from an unfertilized egg cell.
- 7. Step 3 • The nucleus from the first cell is injected into the enucleated egg cell.
- 8. Step 4 • The new egg cell is placed into a chemical bath to jumpstart cell growth. – Chemical bath is less harmful than electric shock used in the Roslin Technique.
- 9. Step 5 • The cells develop into embryos and are placed in a surrogate mother and carried to term.
- 10. Success Rate • Honolulu technique- 3 clones out of every 100 attempts. • Roslin technique- 1 clone out of every 277 attempts.
- 11. Uses • The Honolulu Technique can be used for: – Research of diseases such as AIDS, cancer, or diabetes – Genetically alter animals for the production of human transplant organs – NOT intended for the cloning of humans
- 12. Arguments Against Cloning • Scientific: – Low success rate – Clones don’t live as long – Decreases genetic diversity • Practical – Easier to produce natural offspring • Religious – Human life is precious in God’s eyes – People cloned for “spare parts” – Men should not play the role of God